JPH05132293A - Small-sized traction and hoisting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To rapidly perform switching operation between a braking state and an idling state while the braking state can be surely maintained in a neutral state of a switching piece. CONSTITUTION:An idling switching member 28 having a handle operation part 25 and spring support part 27 is attached to one end of a pinion shaft 1. A disc nut 13 is screwed on the pinion shaft 1 in a retractable manner with screw motion and the spring support part 27 is rotatively arranged inside a hole part 29 of the disc nut 13. A torsion coil spring 30 elastically energizing the disc nut 13 so as to rotate in the working direction of a brake mechanism 20 is interposed between the disc nut 13 and the spring support part 27. An engaging ball 37 capable of engaging/disengaging with/from a engaging notch 38 formed in the hole part 29 of the disc nut 13 and a spring elastically energizing the engaging ball 37 are provided in the spring support part 27.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a small tow hoist.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Hitherto, as a traction hoisting machine of this type, there has been a free-running device in a lever type small hoisting and traction device described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-3838.

[0003]

In the above-mentioned traction device,
The operation to switch from the idling (idling) state of the brake to the braking state and to wind up the chain is to consciously operate the idling handle while applying a load to the chain to bring the braking mechanism into the braking state. Next, the switching lever had to be wound up (normal rotation position) to wind up the chain, which made smooth and quick work impossible.

Further, when a sudden load is applied to the chain in the idling state, the chain is temporarily braked. However, when the load is removed, the chain returns to the idling state again, and there is a problem that the chain falls when the load is light. ..

In addition to the traction device described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-3838, a torsion spring for actuating a brake mechanism via a disc nut is conventionally provided between the spring receiving member and the disc nut. In a small tow hoist,
There were the following problems.

[0006] This spring receiving member is inserted and assembled in the hole of the disc nut so that the grippable portion is hardly exposed to the outside. Therefore, when disassembling for repair or the like, the spring receiving member is pulled out from the disc nut. There was a problem that was difficult and very time-consuming.

[0007]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention mounts a idling switching member integrally having a handle operating portion and a spring receiving portion on the end portion of a pinion shaft so as to rotate integrally with the disk nut. The pinion shaft is screwed by screwing so as to be able to advance and retreat, and the hole portion of the disc nut is rotatably internally provided.
Further, a torsion spring that elastically urges the disc nut to rotate in the operating direction of the brake mechanism through the screw connection is interposed between the disc nut and the spring receiving portion, and the disc nut is attached to the disc nut. A feed handle is attached so as to be integrally rotatable, and further, a locking ball that is engageable and disengageable with an engaging notch formed in the hole of the disc nut, and a spring that elastically biases the locking ball. It is provided in the spring receiving portion.

[0008]

In the normal state, the rotational torque of the torsion spring exerts a force in the operating direction of the brake mechanism on the disc nut to forcibly tighten the brake. Therefore, even if a light load is applied to the load chain, the braking state can be reliably maintained.

Further, from the idling state in which the brake is loosened,
If a load is applied to the load chain in the winding state (normal rotation) and the operating lever is swung, the braking state is automatically restored and the winding operation can be performed immediately.

Further, when disassembling and repairing the idling switching member, the handle operating portion can be gripped and the spring receiving portion can be pulled out or inserted into the hole portion of the disc nut, so that the idling switching member can be disassembled and assembled. It can be done smoothly.

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below based on the illustrated embodiments.

In FIG. 1, 1 is a pinion shaft to which a pinion 2 is fixed at one end, 3 is a load sheave, which is rotatably fitted onto the shaft 1, and the load sheave 3 has load metals 4 and 4 interposed therebetween. And is pivotally attached to the side plates 5 and 5.

Reference numeral 6 is a load gear fixed to the load sheave 3, and is always connected to the pinion 2 via a reduction gear group 7.

Reference numeral 8 denotes a gear box, which is a reduction gear group 7
Etc. are surrounded and fixed to one side plate 5. 9
Is a ratchet cover, which is fixed to the other side plate 5.

10 is an upper hook, which is a side plate 5,
5 is attached so as to be rotatable and swingable.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a load chain suspended from the load sheave 3 and hung. A load hook is attached to the lower end of the figure to apply a load.

A disc hub 12 is fixed to the shaft 1 and comprises a small cylindrical portion 12a and an outer flange portion 12b.

Reference numeral 13 denotes a disc nut, which is screwed into a screw portion 14 (right screw) of the shaft 1 so that a screw hole 15 of the disc nut 13 can be screwed forward and backward.

A ratchet wheel 16 and brake linings 17, 17 are provided between the disc hub 12 and the disc nut 13.
However, it is inserted freely.

In the illustrated example, the small cylindrical portion 12a of the disk hub 12 is shown.
The interlocking ring 18 is rotatably fitted to the ratchet wheel 16 in which serrations, splines, etc. are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the interlocking ring 18 and corresponding serrations, splines, etc. are formed on the inner surface of the through hole. Also, the brake linings 17, 17 are fitted to each other so that the contact surfaces of the ratchet wheel 16 and the brake lining 17 do not rotate relative to each other.

Braking claw pieces 19, 19 are provided on the side plate 5 and engage with the teeth of the ratchet wheel 16 on the outer periphery.

Disc hub 12 and disc nut 1 described above
3, the interlocking ring 18, the ratchet wheel 16, the brake linings 17, 17 and the braking pawls 19 and the like constitute a brake mechanism 20.

Reference numeral 21 denotes a lever for manual operation, which is mounted around the axis L of the shaft 1 so as to be swingable.

The lever 21 is provided with a switching piece 23 having a forward / reverse rotation claw piece which engages / disengages with the switching gear portion 22 of the disc nut 13, and is built in at the base end portion thereof. twenty four
You can switch between forward, reverse, and neutral by operating.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the idling switching member 28 having the handle operating portion 25 and the spring receiving portion 27 as one body.
Is attached to the other end of the shaft 1 via the serrations 26 and the like (with the shaft 1) so as to rotate integrally.

At the same time, the spring receiving portion 27 is provided with the disc nut 13
It is rotatably internally contained in a circular hole portion 29 continuously provided in the screw hole 15.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a pair of circular holes 35, 35 are formed in the large diameter portion 34 of the spring receiving portion 27 which faces the hole portion 29 of the disc nut 13 with a slight clearance. Formed in each direction.

Then, a spring 36 is provided in each circular hole 35.
And a locking ball 37 that is elastically urged radially outward by the spring 36.

Specifically, after inserting the spring 36 and the locking ball 37 into the circular hole 35, the peripheral portion 35a of the circular hole 35 is plastically deformed by caulking or the like as shown in FIG. So that it can project radially outward from the peripheral edge portion 35a by a predetermined amount,
Only the peripheral portion 35a is made slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the circular hole 35.

Due to this peripheral portion 35a, the disc nut 13
When the spring receiving portion 27 is pulled out from the hole portion 29, the locking ball 37 and the spring 36 are prevented from scattering.

Further, the locking balls 37, 37 are formed in a pair of semi-circular engagement notches 38, 38 formed in the axial direction of the disk nut 13 so as to face the hole 29 (see FIGS. 3 and 5). (As in) It can be engaged and disengaged.

Reference numeral 30 denotes a torsion spring which is externally fitted to the small diameter portion 33 of the spring receiving portion 27, and one end of this spring 30 is inserted into a small hole (in the axial direction) 31 of the disc nut 13. The other end is inserted into the small groove 32 (in the axial direction) of the spring receiving portion 27.

In this way, the disc nut 13 and the spring receiving portion are
A spring 30 is interposed between the springs 27, and the spring 30 elastically urges the disc nut 13 to rotate in the operating direction of the brake mechanism 20 via the screw connection between the shaft 1 and the disc nut 13. ..

That is, the spring 30 constantly and elastically applies the rotating torque so that the disc nut 13 advances in the direction of the arrow T (shown in FIG. 2).

Reference numeral 39 denotes a feed handle, which is attached by engaging the concave teeth 40 of the disc nut 13 with the convex teeth 41 of the feed handle 39. With this feed handle 39, the disc nut 13 can be rotated.

A push spring 55 is provided between the feed handle 39 and the handle operating portion 25 of the idling switching member 28 to prevent the feed handle 39 from rattling. The push spring 55 is interposed so that the feed handle 39 and the idling switching member 28 can rotate independently of each other.

1, 2 and 3 show the braking state of the brake mechanism 20. In this state, the torsional elastic force of the spring 30 causes the disc nut 13 to rotate about the screw portion 14. Upon receiving this, the disk nut 13 is elastically urged and moves in the direction (direction of arrow T) in which the brake lining 17 is pressed.

Therefore, in the state shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the disc nut 13 presses the brake linings 17, 17 and the ratchet wheel 16 to maintain the braking state.

When the brake mechanism 20 is in the braking state, the balls 37, 37 of the spring receiving portion 27 are orthogonal to the notches 38, 38 of the disc nut 13.

4 and 5 show the idling state in which the brake mechanism 20 is not braked. To make this state, from the state shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the switching piece 23 is reversely rotated (lowered), the handle operating portion 25 of the idling switching member 28 is grasped by the hand, and is moved to the right as indicated by an arrow R. Rotate about 90 °.

Then, together with the rotation of the idling switching member 28,
The shaft 1, the springs 36, 36 and the balls 37, 37 rotate about 90 ° in the arrow R direction.

Then, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the spring 3
Each ball 37, 37 is urged by 6 and 36, and each notch 38, 3
Abut or closely lock with 8 and disc nut 1
3 is moved in the direction of arrow E by the rotation of the shaft 1 and is separated from the brake lining 17 to be in a non-braking idle state.

In this idling state, if the switching piece 23 (see FIG. 1) is set to the neutral state, the load sheave 3 (see FIG. 1).
Rotates freely, so load chain 11 (see Fig. 1)
Can be run freely.

At this time, if a sudden load is applied to the load chain 11 (exceeding the locking force between the idle rotation switching member 28 and the disc nut 13 determined by the ball 37, the spring 36, the notch 38, the spring 30, etc.), the ball 37 and 37 are notches 3
8 and 38, as the shaft 1 rotates in the direction of arrow M, the disc nut 13 instantaneously moves in the direction opposite to the direction E, and the idling state is automatically changed to the braking state shown in FIGS. Restore.

Even when the load applied to the load chain 11 is removed, the spring 30 causes the disc nut 13 to be forcibly pressed by the brake lining 17 as described above, so that the brake state is maintained without returning to the idling state. The load chain 11 can be hoisted and unwound by manually rotating the feed handle 39 in this state.

In the idling state (FIGS. 4 and 5), unless the load is suddenly applied to the load chain 11 as described above, the balls 37, 37 are locked in the notches 38, 38. Since the shaft 1 is maintained, the shaft 1 does not rotate integrally with the disc nut 13 and does not return to the braking state without permission.

In order to change from the idling state to the braking state, the switching piece 23 is normally rotated (raised), a proper load is applied to the load chain 11, and the lever 21 is swung. Often, the locked balls 37, 37 have notches 38,
Immediately after deviating from 38, the braking state shown in FIGS.

Next, FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 show another embodiment in which an overload preventing mechanism 42 is additionally provided, in which a one-way clutch hub is used as the disc nut 13.

The overload preventing mechanism 42 comprises a clutch hub (disc nut) 13, a slip gear 47, rollers 49, ..., A fixed disc 51, a disc spring 52, a nut member 53 and the like.

The clutch hub (disc nut) 13 includes an outer collar portion 43 in contact with the brake lining 17, an outer peripheral groove 44 in sliding contact with the roller 49, a serration 45, and a male screw portion 46.
It has on the outer peripheral surface.

Clutch linings 48, 48 are baked and stretched on both end surfaces of the slip gear 47, and a plurality of cam grooves 50 for holding a roller 49 movably in the circumferential direction are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the slip gear 47. (Three locations in the illustrated example) are formed.

Then, the clutch hub (disc nut)
One clutch lining 48 of the slip gear 47 is brought into contact with the outer flange portion 43 of 13 and the roller 49 is connected to the cam groove 50 and the outer peripheral groove 44.
And the slip gear 47 is fitted onto the clutch hub (disc nut) 13.

At this time, the gap between the cam groove 50 and the outer peripheral groove 44
One of the 54 is narrower than the outer diameter of the roller 49, and the other is wider.

Switching gear portion on the outer peripheral side of the slip gear 47
The forward rotation claw piece and the reverse rotation claw piece of the switching piece 23 at the base of the lever 21 are selectively engaged with the lever 22.

Further, a fixed disc 51 comes into contact with the other clutch lining 48 of the slip gear 47, and the fixed disc 51 is movable in the axial direction via the serration 45 of the clutch hub (disc nut) 13. Mounted.

Then, through the disc spring 52, the nut member 53
Elastically presses the fixed disk 51 against the slip gear 47,
The slip gear 47 and the clutch hub (disc nut) 13 can be integrally rotated by frictional force via the clutch lining 48 and the like.

When the load chain 11 is wound up by operating the lever 21, if the load chain 11 is overloaded, the slip gear 47 slips with respect to the clutch hub (disc nut) 13.

By rotating and adjusting the screwing position of the nut member 53 to the male screw portion 46, the strength of the elastic pressing force of the disc spring 52, that is, the slip gear 47 is set to the clutch hub (disc nut) 13 The limit value of the pressing frictional force that slips (that is, the operation set value of the overload prevention mechanism 42) can be adjusted.

The feed handle 39 is provided so as to surround the nut member 53 from the outside, and the feed handle 39 and the nut member 53 are meshed or locked with each other so as to be integrally rotatable. Specifically, the feed handle 39 is attached to the nut member 53 by engaging the concave grooves 40 ... With the convex teeth 41 ... (Similar to FIG. 3).

The structure for engaging or locking the feed handle 39 and the nut member 53 can be freely modified in various designs. In this way, the feed handle 39 is attached to the clutch hub (disc nut) 13 via the nut member 53 so as to be integrally rotatable.

However, when the load chain 11 is wound up, the one-way clutch composed of the roller 49, the cam groove 50, etc., moves the roller 49 to the wide side of the gap 54 (as shown in FIG. 8). In the loosely inserted state, the rotational force given by the operation of the lever 21 is applied to the clutch hub (disc nut) 13 from the outer collar portion 43 and the fixed disc 51 through the clutch linings 48, 48 of the slip gear 47. Transmitted.

During winding, the roller 49 moves toward the narrow side of the gap 54, forming a wedge between the cam groove 50 and the outer peripheral groove 44, and the clutch hub (disc nut) 13 The slip gear 47 is coupled and the rotational force given by the operation of the lever 21 is transmitted to the clutch hub (disc nut) 13 via the roller 49.

Also in the tow hoist equipped with the overload preventing mechanism 42 of the illustrated example, the arrow R is the same as in the previous embodiment (of FIG. 1).
If you rotate it by about 90 ° in the direction, as shown in Figs. 9 and 10, the arrow E
The clutch hub (disc nut) 13 moves in the direction and becomes idling.

On the contrary, in order to bring the braking states of FIGS. 6 to 8 into consideration, it is sufficient to apply an appropriate load to the load chain 11 to bring the switching piece 23 into the normal rotation (winding) state and swing the lever 21. The braking state is immediately changed from the idling state.

Further, according to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the feed handle 39 is used in a state in which all parts of the small towing hoist are assembled.
A strong rotation torque is applied to the nut member 53 to make a minute rotation of the nut member 53 that is stopped by a snap ring or the like, and the overload prevention mechanism does not disassemble the idling switching member 28, the feed handle 39, and the like.
The operation set value of 42 can be easily fine-tuned.

As described above, in order to apply a strong rotating torque to the feed handle 39, for example, an adjusting jig as shown in FIG. 11 is used.
The 56 may be fitted onto the feed handle 39 and rotated by hand or the like. This adjusting jig 56 is provided with a holding recess 39 for the feed handle 39.
A cylindrical portion 58 in which a convex portion 57 that engages with a is provided, and a strip plate lever portion 59 for gripping and rotating operation.

According to the present invention, the overload prevention mechanism 42
Other than the parts such as the clutch hub (disc nut) 13 that compose the above, there is an advantage that the parts of the embodiment of FIG. 5 and the embodiment of FIG. 1 can be shared.

[0068]

The present invention has the following great effects.

Once in the braking state, the force of the rotating torque of the torsion spring 30 which advances in the operating direction of the brake mechanism 20 always acts on the disc nut 13 and does not return to the idling state without permission. The braking state can be reliably maintained even under load. That is, it is possible to prevent the load chain 11 from falling due to a light load.

It is possible to easily and quickly switch between the braking state and the idling state, and particularly when the idling state is switched to the braking state to wind up the chain, the handle operating portion 25 of the idling switching member 28 is more conscious than in the conventional case. Since it is possible to omit the trouble of manually operating and restoring the braking state, the hoisting work can be performed easily and quickly, and the work efficiency can be further improved.

When the spring receiving portion 27 of the idling switching member 28 is inserted into the hole 29 of the disc nut 13 along the serration 26, the idling switching member 28 is disassembled and repaired, or the pinion shaft 1 (serration 26 ) To change the circumferential mounting position of the idling switching member 28, the handle operating portion 25 can be grasped and the spring receiving portion 27 can be easily pulled out or inserted into the hole portion 29. The disassembly and assembly work becomes extremely easy.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional front view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of essential parts in a braking state.

3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a main part in an idling state.

5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a sectional front view showing another embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of essential parts in a braking state.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line CC of FIG.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of essential parts in a state of idling.

10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line DD of FIG.

FIG. 11 is an overall view showing a usage state of an adjustment jig.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Pinion shaft 13 Disc nut 20 Brake mechanism 25 Handle operating part 27 Spring receiving part 28 Idle switching member 29 Hole 30 Torsion spring 36 Spring 37 Ball 38 Notch 39 Feed handle

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A slipping switching member 28 having a handle operating portion 25 and a spring receiving portion 27 integrally attached to the end portion of the pinion shaft 1 so as to rotate integrally, and a disc nut 13 is screwed to the pinion shaft 1. The spring receiving portion 27 is screwed into the disk nut 13 so that the spring receiving portion 27 can be freely screwed back and forth.
Is rotatably provided internally, and further, a torsion spring 30 for elastically urging the disc nut 13 so as to rotate in the operating direction of the brake mechanism 20 via the screw connection is provided with the disc nut 13 and the spring receiver. Interposed between the parts 27, the feed handle 39 is attached to the disc nut 13 so as to be integrally rotatable,
Further, the spring receiving member includes a locking ball 37 that can be engaged with and disengaged from an engaging notch 38 formed in the hole 29 of the disc nut 13, and a spring 36 that elastically urges the locking ball 37. A small tow hoist characterized by being installed in section 27.