JPH05123939A - Grinding device control method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable the appropriate selection of a grinding wheel even by an unskilled worker and perform automatic control on grinding appropriately with efficiency. CONSTITUTION:A grinding wheel condition file 26 with suitable grinding wheel conditions by various kinds of target conditions recorded therein, and a grinding wheel file 28 with the attributes of various grinding wheels 16 usable in a jig grinding device 10 recorded therein are previously prepared. The grinding wheel suitable for the grinding of a workpiece 2 is automatically selected to prepare an NC program 30 which is sent to an NC device 11 to get the jig grinding device 10 to execute the expected grinding.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a control method for a grinding machine, and can be used for program numerical control of a jig grinder or the like for grinding with a grindstone.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various processing methods such as cutting using a blade and grinding using a grindstone have been widely used for processing metal products. Here, in machine tools that perform various types of processing, automation using a numerical control device (NC device) is being promoted. In recent years, a module in which commands relating to basic operations are compiled is prepared, and these are appropriately combined in accordance with a machining procedure or the like to improve the efficiency of NC program creation.

By the way, as to the efficiency of NC program creation as described above, although progress has been made in the cutting field, automation has been delayed in the grinding field due to the complexity of setting machining conditions.

For example, if hole machining is performed by cutting,
It is possible to easily machine a hole having a desired hole diameter at a predetermined position by preparing a blade according to the hole diameter and rotating the work piece so that the shaft center is aligned with the processing site. However, if the same hole processing is attempted by grinding, it is necessary to insert a grindstone with a diameter smaller than the hole diameter into the original hole, rotate it, and perform the feeding operation along the desired inner peripheral surface. Etc. are required.

On the other hand, in recent years, in order to promote the automation of the grinding process, the mechanical operation procedure of the grinding process is changed to NC, and the condition setting in the grinding process is input according to the machining situation. Semi-automatic grinding is being attempted.

[0006]

However, unlike a normal cutting tool, the grindstone used for the grinding process requires various considerations regarding the material and grain size depending on the material to be ground. For this reason, in the grinding process, empirical knowledge of a skilled person is required to properly select the grindstone, and there is a problem that automation of control is difficult as compared with the cutting process.

Further, although the semi-automatic grinding as described above has been attempted, the operation procedure of the grinding process is merely automated by NC, and the condition setting and the like must be input each time, and the skilled worker is also required. It was difficult to achieve efficient automation because the knowledge of the personnel was required.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for controlling a grinding machine, which enables appropriate and efficient automation of control.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a method for controlling a grinding device for controlling a grinding device that grinds using a grindstone by a control device. Prepare a grindstone condition file that records suitable grindstone conditions, and a grindstone file that records the attributes of various grindstones that can be used in the grinding device, and select each from the design data of the product to be ground before grinding. Extract the target condition for each grinding portion, set the grindstone condition according to each target condition by referring to the grindstone condition file, set the grindstone according to each grindstone condition by referring to the grindstone file, and perform the grinding It is characterized in that the apparatus is instructed to perform a grinding operation by using a grindstone set for each processing part.

Here, the grinding device corresponds to a general grinding device such as a jig grinder whose operation is controlled by a controller such as an NC device. Furthermore, the target conditions include the shape, material, required accuracy, etc. of each ground portion. Further, the grindstone conditions include the material and diameter of the grindstone, the particle size of the grindstone, the fixing type, the material and diameter of the shaft, and the like.

In order to perform the grinding process suitable for the target condition with the selected grindstone, it is desirable to specify an appropriate grinding operation and a grinding method when controlling the grinding device. As such a grinding method, generally used chopping, wiping (wiping grinding), shoulder (bottom surface grinding) basic type, flat surface, planetary (revolution) and other type types, setting conditions such as grinding speed in each Is applicable. Furthermore, as the grinding operation, the number of rotations of the grindstone,
The position of the grindstone, the feed path, the speed, etc. are applicable.

[0012]

[Operation] In the present invention as described above, a grindstone condition file is configured in advance based on empirical knowledge and the like, so that appropriate grindstone selection can be automatically performed using these files. Become. Also, by configuring the grindstone file based on the grinding device and grindstone used,
It becomes possible to perform the optimum grinding operation using the optimum grindstone within the range obtained in the actual grinding operation, and the above-mentioned object is achieved by these.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, a CAM (Computer Aided Manufacturing) system 1 of the present embodiment performs automatic grinding of a work 2, and a jig grinding machine controlled by an NC machine 11.
10 and a program editing device 20 for creating an NC program.

The jig grinding apparatus 10 has a table 12 on which the work 2 is placed, and a machining head 14 movable in three-dimensional three-axis directions by a feed mechanism 13 using guide rails and feed screws. The processing head 14 is equipped with a grindstone 16 which is rotationally driven by any one of a plurality of kinds of processing motors 15, and the grindstone 16 is rotated and sent along a predetermined path to thereby perform various kinds of processing on any part of the work 2. It is possible to perform grinding processing.

An ATC (automatic tool changer) 17 is installed in the jig grinding apparatus 10, and the grindstone 16 used in the machining head 14 can be automatically replaced by appropriately selecting one having various attributes.
Further, an AWC (Automatic Work Exchanger) 18 is installed near the table 12 so that the work 2 on the table 12 to be processed can be automatically exchanged in sequence. Further, a measuring device 19 capable of being involved in the work 2 on the table 12 is installed, and it is possible to measure the position coordinate value, surface roughness, etc. of an arbitrary part of the work 2.

In such a jig grinding apparatus 10, the feed mechanism 13, the grinding operation by the processing motor 15, and the ATC
All the operations of 17, the AWC 18, and the measuring device 19 are performed based on the control command from the NC device 11, and each control command is designated by the NC program 30 sent from the program editing device 20.

The program editing device 20 is composed of a computer system including various storage devices and arithmetic processing devices, etc., and is connected with a display unit 21 such as a CRT and an operating unit 22 such as a keyboard for performing various operations. .. Also,
A CAD system 23 is connected to the program editing device 20, and work design data 24 that defines the shape and the like of the work 2 is input.

The program editing device 20 includes a grinding part setting unit 41, a grinding operation setting unit 42, a measurement operation setting unit 43, and a program creating unit 44 in order to create the NC program 30 based on the work design data 24. Configured,
Grinding method file 2 referred to for each setting
5, a grindstone condition file 26, a grinding performance file 27, a grindstone file 28, and a measuring device file 29 are configured.

The grinding method file 25 is a suitable response extracted in advance from empirical knowledge in the existing grindstone for target conditions such as general material to be ground, shape and required accuracy, and various grinding methods. It is a database file that records relationships. Specifically, we propose a grinding method suitable for the specified target conditions, such as planetary grinding when performing hole grinding, chopping grinding or shoulder grinding when high accuracy is required, and also the material. Correspondence is set so as to present a suitable grinding speed, feed rate, etc. according to the machinability and the like.

The grindstone condition file 26 stores the target conditions such as the material and shape of a general object to be ground and the required accuracy, and the grindstone conditions such as the material, outer diameter, grain size and shaft form of the grindstone, which have been preexisting for the existing grindstone grinding. It is a database file recording a suitable correspondence extracted from empirical knowledge in. Specifically, when high precision is required, the grain size of the grindstone is made fine, and for the hard work 2, the hardness of the grindstone material is high and the strength of the shaft material is also high. The correspondence relationship is set so as to present suitable grindstone conditions.

The grinding performance file 27 is a database file in which information about grinding operations that can be executed by the jig grinding machine 10 is read from the jig grinding machine 10 and recorded.
Specifically, the rotation speed range and output of each processing motor 15, the feed rate of the grindstone 16 by the feed mechanism 13, the limit value of the moving range, and the like are recorded.

The grindstone file 28 is a database file in which information regarding the grindstone 16 usable in the jig grinding apparatus 10 is appropriately read from the ATC 17 and recorded. In particular,
The material and diameter of each whetstone 16 stocked in ATC17,
Grindstone attributes such as grindstone grain size, fixing type, shaft material and diameter are recorded.

The measuring device file 29 is a database file in which information about the measuring device 19 that can be used in the jig grinding device 10 is appropriately read and recorded. Specifically, the type and characteristics of the measurement probe that can be used in the measurement device 19, the type of measurement operation in each use, and the like are recorded.

The grinding part setting unit 41 is designed to work the work design data 24.
Select the necessary grinding parts based on the design information of the workpiece 2 shown in, and summarize the target conditions such as the shape, dimensions, required accuracy, and coordinate position with respect to the table 12 of each selected grinding part. The corresponding grinding operation list 31 is set. In selecting the grinding portion, for example, the shape of the work 2 is displayed on the display unit 21 based on the work design data 24, and the displayed hole or recess is appropriately selected from the operation unit 22. A method of automatically selecting based on finishing designation information of data 24 can be used.

In the grinding portion setting unit 41, when the work 2 has a plurality of grinding portions, each machining order can be set. Further, when a plurality of works 2 are arranged on the table 12, the grinding process order of each work 2 and the like can be set. Further, the setting of the grinding part machining sequence when there are a plurality of works 2 can be performed by sequentially cutting the same part of each work 2 and then moving to the next grinding part. The jig to be used when setting the work 2 on the table 12 can be designated by the grinding portion setting unit 41.

The grinding operation setting section 42 sets, for the set grinding operation list 31, the grinding contents to be machined for the grinding parts of the workpiece 2 corresponding to the grinding operation list 31. That is, the grinding operation list 31 set by the grinding part setting unit 41
In, only the attribute and the like for each grinding portion are recorded, and the portion related to the grinding content is not set, but the grinding operation setting unit 42 sets the grinding content suitable for each processing portion in the portion.
As shown in FIG. 2, the grinding operation setting unit 42 includes a grindstone condition setting unit 101, a grindstone setting unit 102, a feed path setting unit 103,
A grinding method setting unit 104 and a grinding condition setting unit 105 are configured.

The grindstone condition setting unit 101 is used for the work design data.
The material, shape, and accuracy are read from the target conditions for each grinding portion extracted from 24, and the whetstone conditions such as whetstone material, whetstone grain size, whetstone diameter, shaft material and diameter are set by referring to the whetstone condition file 26. The grindstone setting unit 102 reads the grindstone conditions set in the grindstone condition setting unit 101, refers to the grindstone file 28, and selects the grindstone 16 closest to the grindstone conditions.
The name or the like is set in the grindstone command 106 to be used.

The sending route setting unit 103 uses the above-mentioned target condition 109.
The shape is read from and the basic feed path of the grindstone 16 when performing grinding is set. The grinding method setting unit 104 reads the material and accuracy from the same target condition 109 and refers to the grinding method file 25 to set the basic grinding method, cutting speed, and feed rate.

The grinding condition setting unit 105 includes the setting units 103, 10
Each value set by 4, 101 is read, and each value is adjusted to a practical value according to the performance of the jig grinding apparatus 10 by referring to the grinding performance file 27. Here, the rotation speed of the grindstone 16 is calculated from the cutting speed and the grindstone diameter, the grinding motor grain size, the required accuracy, the grinding motor, etc. are selected and the processing motor 15 is selected. Set to 107. Further, the actual feed route of the grindstone 16 is set from the grinding method and the basic feed route, and the feed operation command 108 is set together with the feed speed.

The respective commands 106 to 108 thus set are
It is set as the grinding content of the grinding operation list 31 corresponding to the corresponding grinding portion. Returning to FIG. 1, the measurement operation list 32 is added by the measurement operation setting unit 43 to the grinding operation list 31 in which the grinding content is set. Note that the measurement operation list 32
Is basically set for each grinding part in correspondence with the grinding operation list 31.

The measurement operation setting unit 43 uses the work design data 24
The shape and accuracy are read from the target condition for each ground portion extracted from the above, and the reference value of each ground portion is set from each, and the reference values of the measuring device file 29 are referred to for the respective ground portions of the measuring device 19. Then, an appropriate probe or the like is selected, and the procedure up to the measurement is set in the measurement operation list 32. The part to be measured can be manually set from the display unit 21 and the operation unit 22, and it becomes possible to select a part of each grinding part set in the grinding operation list 31 or to specify the measurement of a position that is not set. ing.

The set grinding operation list 31 and the set measurement operation list 32 are created as an NC program 30 by the program creating section 44. The program creation unit 44 creates a series of operation command programs that can be executed by the NC device 11 from the grinding operation list 31 and the measurement operation list 32, and
An NC program 30 is obtained by adding supplementary items such as the program name input from the display unit 21 and the operation unit 22, the equipment used such as the jig grinding device 10 and the grindstone 16 and the name of the target work 2.

FIG. 3 shows an example of the NC program 30. In the figure, a header 50 including a program name 51, a used equipment list 52, a target work list 53, etc. is stored at the beginning of the NC program 30, and a main body 60 that follows has a large number of grinding operation lists 61 and measurement operations. A list 62 is stored, and after that, a sequence list 63 corresponding to a series of execution procedures is stored.

Grinding operation list 61 and measurement operation list 62
Are program modules having contents corresponding to the grinding operation list 31 and the measurement operation list 32 set up to the program creating unit 44, respectively. Sequence list
The name of each operation list 61, 62 and other instructions are arranged in time series in 63. By calling each operation list 61, 62, a specific operation command is generated.

It should be noted that the program creating section 44 first arranges the arrangement of each instruction in the sequence list 63 first in the grinding part setting section.
In addition to the automatic generation based on the processing order set in 41, it is possible to perform edits such as partial changes by operating the display unit 21 and the operation unit 22. Furthermore, when creating the NC program 30, it is possible to specify both the grinding operation and the measuring operation, only the grinding operation, and only the measuring operation.

In this embodiment, the NC program 30 is executed by the NC device 11 so that the jig grinding device 10 performs the grinding operation by the grindstone 16 to perform the desired grinding process on the work 2. You can At this time, NC
The program 30 is created by the program editing device 44 based on the work design data 24 from the CAD system 23. Therefore, in the CAM system 1, the work from design to machining can be automated.

Further, since various files 25 to 28 are referred to when the NC program 30 is created by the program editing device 44, appropriate contents can be efficiently set. In particular, for the selection of the grindstone 16 and the setting of the grinding operation contents, the grinding method file 25 and the grindstone condition file 26, which are based on empirical knowledge in general grinding, are referred to, so even if automation is performed, appropriate grinding is performed. Processing can be realized. Then, since the grinding performance file 27 and the grindstone file 28 regarding the stock of the jig grinding device 10 and the grindstone 16 that are actually used are referred to, it is possible to avoid the possibility of setting the functions that cannot be used,
The proper grinding operation can be surely executed.

On the other hand, in the jig grinding apparatus 10, the ATC
Since the grindstone 16 can be automatically replaced by 17 and the work 2 can be automatically replaced by the AWC 18, these operations can be controlled by the NC device 11. Therefore, if these operation commands are set in the NC program 30, a large number of work 2 Continuous processing can be performed fully automatically, further improving efficiency.

Further, in the jig grinding device 10, the result of the grinding process on the work 2 can be confirmed by the measuring device 19, and the quality can be maintained high. At this time, the measurement operation by the measuring device 19 can also be set in the NC program 30, and the setting can be performed automatically by the program editing device 44, and by referring to the measuring device file 29, it is appropriate. The measurement operation can be reliably executed.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and modifications and the like within the scope of achieving the present invention are included in the present invention. For example, jig grinding machine
The specific configuration of each part of 10 is arbitrary, and the form of the feeding mechanism 13, the form and presence of the ATC 17 and AWC 18, and the like may be appropriately selected for implementation. The grinding device is not limited to the jig grinding device 10 and may be appropriately applied as long as it grinds using a grindstone.

Further, the specific configuration of the program editing device 20 is also arbitrary, and means for performing various settings from the work design data 24 may be configured according to the items that need to be set for implementation. Particularly, in the above embodiment, the grinding operation setting unit
Although the configuration of FIG. 2 is adopted as 42, these configurations may be appropriately changed, and it is desirable to configure according to the data used in the implementation, necessary processing, and the like.

Further, the contents and configuration of the files 25 to 28 used in the grinding operation setting unit 42 are arbitrary, and the setting of data items, the search method for reference, the method of accumulating empirical knowledge data to be recorded, etc. It may be selected appropriately.
Then, the grinding operation setting unit 42 is not limited to refer to the four files 25 to 28, and if the grinding operation is set manually, it is sufficient if the grindstone can be automatically selected. In this case, the grindstone condition file 26 and It would be good if there was a grindstone file 28.

[0043]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Appropriate grindstones can be selected by referring to empirical knowledge recorded in a file in advance, and efficient grinding can be performed by automation.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a main part of the embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a program configuration used in the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 CAM system 2 Work 10 Jig grinder 11 NC device 16 Grinding wheel 20 Program editing device 24 Work design data 25 Grinding method file 26 Grinding wheel condition file 27 Grinding performance file 28 Grinding wheel file 30 NC program 31, 61 Grinding operation list 41 Grinding part setting Part 42 Grinding operation setting part

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] December 15, 1992

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] Brief description of the drawing

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a main part of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a program configuration used in the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols] 1 CAM system 2 work 10 jig grinding device 11 NC device 16 grinding wheel 20 program editing device 24 work design data 25 grinding method file 26 grinding wheel condition file 27 grinding performance file 28 grinding wheel file 30 NC program 31, 61 grinding operation List 41 Grinding part setting part 42 Grinding operation setting part

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Tsuneo Kikumori 6-1, 1-1 Honmachi, Tanashi City, Tokyo Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. Tanashi Factory (72) Inventor Tomoyoshi Nakamura 4-33-8, Uejima, Hamamatsu City, Shizuoka Prefecture issue

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A method of controlling a grinding device, wherein a control device controls a grinding device that performs grinding using a grindstone, wherein a grindstone condition suitable for grinding is previously recorded for each target condition of various grinding targets. Prepare a condition file and a grindstone file that records the attributes of various grindstones that can be used with the grinding machine, and extract target conditions for each grinding part from the design data of the product to be ground, prior to grinding. Then, the grindstone conditions according to each target condition are set by referring to the grindstone condition file, the grindstones according to each grindstone condition are set by referring to the grindstone file, and each processing site for the grinding device is set. A method for controlling a grinding apparatus, wherein a command is given to perform a grinding operation using a grindstone set to 1.