JPH05123910A - Automatic changer for chuck jaw - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily constitute the whole of a device of a small number of parts and change a jaw at high speed by arranging a positioning section to be positioned to the fitting section of a chuck, locking section to be locked to the engaging section of the jaw, and an operation section to operate the jaw detaching mechanism of the chuck. CONSTITUTION:In the case of fitting a new jaw 6, a rod 46 is lowered while catching the jaw 6 in a jaw magazine 32, and after the correction of the position of the jaw 6 by a guide groove 34 the jaw 6 is inserted into the jaw securing groove of a chuck 3. In this state, the piston 40 of a cylinder 38 is lifted, and the rod 46 is reversely rotated by a rack gear 41 releasing a locking section from an engaging piece 49 and an eccentric pin 21 is also reversely rotated advancing a rack pin 17, and the jaw 6 is connected to sliding member 11. After that, the rod 46 is lifted, and the chuck 3 is indexed to the next changing position, and the remaining jaw 6 are changed in order in the same manner.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic chuck claw exchanging device configured to automatically detach a chuck claw from a claw mounting groove by a rod provided on an extension line of the claw mounting groove of the chuck. ..

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as an exchange device of this type, for example, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 63-4246 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-416.
The techniques disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 82, Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-18282, etc. are known.
The operating portion for operating the claw engaging / disengaging mechanism and the latching portion for latching the claw are arranged on the rods at different positions, and are configured to be operated by separate drive mechanisms.

[0003]

Therefore, according to the prior art, not only a large number of parts are required and the entire apparatus becomes complicated, but also it takes time to synchronize the operating portion and the latching portion, and high-speed exchange is required. It was an obstacle. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic chuck jaw changing device capable of accelerating the jaw changing operation with a simple structure.

[0004]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention comprises a rod movable along an extension line of a claw mounting groove of a chuck and rotatable about its moving axis. In the automatic chuck jaw replacement device that detaches the jaws of the chuck to the jaw mounting groove by the rod, a positioning portion that is positioned at the fitting portion of the chuck along with the movement of the rod at the tip of the rod Means are provided in which a hooking portion that is hooked on the engaging portion of the claw and an operating portion that operates the claw engaging / disengaging mechanism with the rotation of the rod are provided.

[0005]

According to the exchanging device of the present invention, since the positioning part, the latching part and the operating part are arranged on one rod, the mounting mechanism and the driving mechanism for them are made common, and the whole device is constructed. Easy to configure with few parts. Further, since the hooking portion and the operating portion perform the hooking and disengaging operations of the claws continuously with the rotation of the rod, the time for synchronization is not required and the claw replacement time is shortened. Moreover, at this time, the rod is held against the chuck by the positioning portion,
The hooking portion and the operating portion operate reliably, and there is no risk that the pawl will fall off the rod during high-speed replacement.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3 show an automatic chuck jaw changing device according to the first embodiment. In the drawings, 1 is a headstock of a machine tool, 2 is a spindle, 3 is a chuck mounted on a spindle 2, 4 is a chuck 3. Is an automatic chuck claw changer installed on the headstock 1 above.

A plurality of claws 6 (only one is shown) are attached to the body 5 of the chuck 3, and each claw 6 is composed of a top jaw 7 and a master jaw 8. Protrusions 10 that fit into the claw mounting grooves 9 (see FIG. 3) of the body 5 are formed on both sides of the master jaw 8, and the claws 6 are mounted along the claw mounting grooves 9 so as to be slidable in the radial direction. ing. A sliding member 11 is provided on the back side of each claw 6 so as to be slidable in the radial direction along a guide portion 12 of the body 5, and a wedge portion 13 having a T-shaped cross section is provided at an inner end portion thereof so as to project therefrom. ing. A wedge plunger 14 is inserted in the center of the chuck 3 so as to be movable back and forth, and a wedge groove 15 having a T-shaped cross section that meshes with a wedge portion 13 of a sliding member 11 is formed at a front end portion thereof. Then, the sliding member 11 moves in the radial direction through the meshing of the wedge portion 13 and the wedge groove 15 with the movement of the wedge plunger 14.

A rack pin 17 is slidably fitted into the axial hole 16 of the sliding member 11, and racks 18 and 16 are provided on the front surface of the rack pin 17 and the back surface of the master jaw 8, respectively.
19 are engraved. Radial hole 20 of sliding member 11
An eccentric pin 21 is rotatably inserted in and is held by a pressing plate 22 so as not to come off. The eccentric pin 21 is provided with a fitting hole 23 that opens to the outer peripheral surface of the chuck 3 and an eccentric projection 25 that engages with an engaging groove 24 of the rack pin 17. The rack pin 17 and the eccentric pin 21 constitute a pawl engagement / disengagement mechanism of the chuck 3, and when the eccentric pin 21 is rotated in one direction, the rack pin 17 moves forward,
The rack 18 engages with the rack 19 of the master jaw 8, the claw 6 is integrally movably coupled to the sliding member 11, and when the eccentric pin 21 is rotated in the opposite direction, the rack pin 17 is retracted. Then, the rack 18 is disengaged from the rack 19, and the claw 6 is disengaged from the sliding member 11. The rack pin 17 includes a locking pin 26 that is locked to the rack 19 of the master jaw 8 and a spring 27 that biases the locking pin 26 forward in order to restrict the movement of the claw 6 that is disengaged from the sliding member 11. And are provided.

Base 29 of automatic chuck jaw changing device 4
Is provided on the headstock 1 so as to be movable back and forth by a predetermined amount by a cylinder (not shown), and a support cylinder 30 is erected on a base 29 thereof. An elevating cylinder 30a is fitted in the supporting cylinder 30 so as to be movable up and down by a predetermined amount while being prevented from rotating, and is lifted and lowered by a predetermined amount by a cylinder (not shown).
A guide block 31 and a bracket 33 are fixedly supported by the lifting cylinder 30a, and a pawl magazine 32 is rotatably supported. A guide groove 34 is formed in the guide block 31 so as to be located above the claw mounting groove 9 of the chuck 3. A gear 35 is fixed to the upper surface of the claw magazine 32, and a plurality of holding grooves 36 are provided on the outer circumference.
Are formed. A motor 37 and a cylinder 38 are installed on the bracket 33, and the motor 37 rotates the pawl magazine 32 via a gear 35 to connect each holding groove 36 to the pawl mounting groove 9.
It is designed to index to the position above. A piston 39 is housed inside the cylinder 38, and a rack gear 41 is rotatably fitted on a piston rod 40 of the piston 38.
A cam groove 43 is obliquely formed on the boss portion 42 of the rack gear 41, and the cam groove 43 is formed on the piston rod 40.
An engaging pin 44 that engages with is racked, and the rack gear 41 is rotated forward and backward at a predetermined angle as the piston rod 40 moves up and down. Reference numeral 45 is a pin that prevents the piston rod 40 from rotating with respect to the bracket 33.

Further, in the automatic chuck claw changer 4, the claw engaging mechanism of the chuck 3 is operated to move the claw 6 into the claw mounting groove 9.
A rod 46 is attached and detached. The rod 46 is supported by a supporting member (not shown) so as to be rotatable and movable in the longitudinal direction, and is vertically moved along an extension line of the pawl mounting groove 9 by an actuator (not shown) such as a cylinder. The outer peripheral surface of the rack gear 4
A rack 47 that meshes with 1 is engraved over the entire length within a predetermined angle range, and is normally and reversely rotated around the movement axis line as the rack gear 41 is rotated. As shown in FIG. 2, at the tip of the rod 46, a small-diameter positioning portion 48 that is fitted and positioned in the fitting hole 23 of the eccentric pin 21 as the rod 46 descends is provided so as to project downward, and The engaging piece 4 fixedly attached to the outer end surface of the master jaw 8 with the rotation of 46.
A hooking portion 50 that is hooked on the projection 9 is provided to project laterally. Further, the positioning portion 48 is concentrically provided with a hexagonal operation portion 51 for rotating the eccentric pin 21 in accordance with the rotation of the rod 46, and an engagement groove 48a having a semicircular cross section is formed in an annular shape. Has been done. The engaging hole 52 provided in the eccentric pin 21 is fitted with an engaging element 52a that engages and disengages with the engaging groove 48a, and the accommodation hole 53 provided in the sliding member 11 has an eccentric pin 2 therein.
A restriction pin 53a that is fitted into and disengaged from the locking hole 52 of No. 1 and a spring 54 that biases the locking pin 53 forward are provided, and only at the rotational position of the eccentric pin 21 corresponding to two positions of forward and backward movement of the rack pin 17. The locking hole 52 and the housing hole 53 are communicated with each other, and the engaging groove 48a pushes the engaging element 52a to a position facing the housing hole 53, whereby the positioning portion 48 can be inserted into and removed from the fitting hole 23. When the lever is disengaged from the fitting hole 23, the restriction pin 53a is fitted into the locking hole 52 by the spring 54 to restrict the rotation of the eccentric pin 21, and the rack pin 17 can be securely held in the two positions. Has been done. The operation section 51 may be provided on the entire positioning section 48.

Next, the operation of the automatic chuck jaw changing device 4 configured as described above will be described. When the used claw 6 is removed from the chuck 3, in the state shown in FIG. 1, first, the rod 46 is lowered along the extension line of the claw mounting groove 9, and as shown in FIG. The eccentric pin 21 is fitted into the fitting hole 23 and positioned with respect to the chuck 3. Next, the piston 39 of the cylinder 38 is pushed down, the rack gear 41 is rotated in one direction as the piston rod 40 descends, the rod 46 is rotated by the rack gear 41, and the latching portion 50 causes the master jaw 8 to move.
The eccentric pin 21 is rotated by the operating portion 51 while being hooked by the engaging piece 49 of FIG. By rotating the eccentric pin 21, the rack pin 17 is retracted, the rack 18 is disengaged from the rack 19 of the master jaw 8, and the pawl 6 is disengaged from the sliding member 11. Then, the rod 46 is raised,
The claw 6 is pulled out from the claw mounting groove 9, the claw 6 passes through the guide groove 34 of the guide block 31, and then is held in the holding groove 36 of the claw magazine 32. After that, nail magazine 3
When 2 is rotated by the motor 37, the hooking portion 50 of the rod 46 is disengaged from the pawl 6, and when the new pawl 6 is indexed on the extension line of the pawl mounting groove 9, the engaging piece 49 of the new pawl 6 is released. It is hooked on the hook 50.

When mounting a new pawl 6 on the chuck 3, the rod 46 is hooked on the pawl 6 of the pawl magazine 32 and lowered, and the pawl 6 is position-corrected by the guide groove 34, and then the pawl mounting groove of the chuck 3 is mounted. Inserted in 9. In this state, the piston 39 of the cylinder 38 is pushed up and the rack gear 4
The rod 46 is reversely rotated by 1 to disengage the hooking portion 50 from the engagement piece 49, and the operation portion 51 reversely rotates the eccentric pin 21 to move the rack pin 17 forward.
The claw 6 is coupled to the sliding member 11. Then the rod 46
Is raised, the chuck 3 is indexed to the next replacement position, and the remaining claws 6 are sequentially replaced in the same manner as described above.

As described above, according to the automatic chuck jaw changing device 4 of the first embodiment, the positioning portion 48, the hooking portion 50 and the operating portion 51 are arranged on one rod 46. Since the mounting mechanism and the driving mechanism are shared, the entire apparatus can be easily configured with a small number of parts. Also, the hook 5
0 and the operating portion 51 continuously engage and disengage the pawl 6 with the rotation of the rod 46, so that the time for synchronization is not required and the pawl replacement time can be shortened unlike the conventional case. .. Moreover, at this time, since the rod 46 is held against the chuck 3 by the positioning portion 48, the hooking portion 50 is securely hooked by the engaging piece 49 of the pawl 6, and the pawl 6 is removed from the rod 46 during high-speed exchange. There is no danger of falling off.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
3, members which are the same as or correspond to those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals. In the chuck 3 of the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, a wedge portion 56 is provided on the inner end portion of the master jaw 8 and a retaining hole 57 is formed on the back surface. The wedge portion 56 meshes with the wedge portion 13 of the sliding member 11 and the wedge groove 15 of the wedge plunger 14. The slide member 11 is provided with a retaining member 58 that engages with the retaining hole 57 so as to be slidable forward and backward, and a notch ball 59 and a spring 60 that hold the retaining member 58 at the engaging position. .. Moreover, FIGS.
As shown in FIG.
1 and the push pin 62 for disengagement are slidably inserted in the radial direction, and inclined grooves 64 and 65 that engage with the pin 63 protruding from the retaining member 58 are engraved in opposite directions on their outer peripheral surfaces. Has been done. The retaining member 58 and the push pins 61 and 62 constitute a pawl engaging / disengaging mechanism of the chuck 3. When the disengagement push pin 62 is pushed down, the retaining member 58 retracts and separates from the retaining hole 57,
When the pawl 6 is disengaged from the sliding member 11 and the coupling push pin 61 is pushed down, the retaining member 58 advances and engages with the retaining hole 57, and the pawl 6 is coupled to the sliding member 11. It is like this. In order to regulate the movement of the claw 6 disengaged from the sliding member 11 inward in the radial direction,
A positioning pin 66 is provided on the back surface of the master jaw 8 and a positioning groove 67 is provided on the front surface of the sliding member 11.

In the automatic chuck jaw changer 4 of the second embodiment, as shown in FIG.
8 is installed, and a guide groove 34 is formed on the side of the cylinder 38. The claw cassette 6 is provided above the guide groove 34.
9 is arranged so that it can be taken out, and a holding groove 70 is provided therein. A rack gear 41 is supported by a bracket 33 arranged above the base 29, and the rack gear 4 is
1, a piston rod 40 of a piston 39 is inserted from below. Similar to the first embodiment, the boss portion 42 of the rack gear 41 is formed with a cam groove 43 that engages with the engagement pin 44 of the piston rod 40, and the rack gear 41 is rotated forward and backward as the piston rod 40 moves up and down. It As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, on the outer peripheral surface of the rod 46, a rack 47 that meshes with the rack gear 41 is engraved over the entire length within a predetermined angle range. The lower end of the rod 46 is provided with a positioning portion 48 which is fitted and positioned in the fitting hole 23 of the sliding member 11 as the rod 46 descends. An engaging portion 50 that is engaged with the engaging piece 49 of No. 8 is formed to project laterally. Further, at the lower end of the rod 46, there is provided an operating portion 51 for selectively pushing down the connecting push pin 61 and the disengaging push pin 62 as the rod 46 rotates forward and backward. The inclined surface 71 and the convex surface 72 are formed in a fan shape around the positioning portion 48.

Next, the operation of the automatic chuck jaw changing device 4 of the second embodiment will be described. When the used claw 6 is removed from the chuck 3, first, in the state shown in FIG. 4, the wedge plunger 14 is retracted, the master jaw 8 and the sliding member 11 are moved inward in the radial direction, and the state shown in FIG. So that the master jaw 8 has the wedge plunger 14
The retaining member 58 restricts the movement of the claw 6 in the radial direction outward, and the positioning pin 66 restricts the movement of the claw 6 in the radial direction. Then, the rod 46 is lowered along the extension line of the pawl mounting groove 9,
As shown in 0, the positioning portion 48 is fitted into the fitting hole 23 of the sliding member 11, and the rod 46 is positioned with respect to the chuck 3. Next, the piston 39 of the cylinder 38 is pushed down and the rack gear 41 is rotated in one direction as the piston rod 40 descends. The disengagement push pin 62 is pushed down by the one inclined surface 71 of the operation portion 51 and then held by the convex surface 72 while being hooked by the joint piece 49. As a result, the retaining member 58 is retracted and separated from the retaining hole 57, and the pawl 6 is disengaged from the sliding member 11. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 13, the rod 46 is raised, the claw 6 is pulled out from the claw mounting groove 9, and the claw 6 is guided by the guide groove 34,
It is held in the holding groove 70 of the claw cassette 69. After that, the pawl cassette 69 is taken out to the side, whereby the rod 46 is disengaged from the pawl 6, and the pawl cassette 69 holding the new pawl 6 is arranged on the extension line of the pawl mounting groove 9.

When a new claw 6 is mounted on the chuck 3, the rod 46 is hooked on the claw 6 of the claw cassette 69 and lowered, and the position of the claw 6 is corrected by the guide groove 34, and then the claw mounting groove of the chuck 3 is mounted. Inserted in 9. In this state, the piston 39 of the cylinder 38 is pushed up and the rack gear 4
The rod 46 is reversely rotated by 1 to disengage the latching portion 50 from the engaging piece 49, and the operating portion 51 pushes down the coupling push pin 61 to advance the retaining member 58 to the retaining hole 57. The claw 6 is fitted into the sliding member 11 and then fitted. At this time, as the retaining member 58 moves forward, the pin 63 pushes up the disengagement push pin 62. After that, the rod 46 is raised, the chuck 3 is indexed to the next exchange position, and the remaining claws 6 are moved in the same order as described above.
Are sequentially replaced.

Therefore, also in the automatic chuck jaw changing device 4 of the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the mounting mechanism and the driving mechanism of the hooking portion 50 and the operating portion 51 are made common, and the entire apparatus is reduced. Not only can the parts be easily configured, but the hook 6 and the operating part 51 can be continuously operated as the rod 46 rotates, so that the pawl 6 can be replaced in a short time. Further, since the rod 46 is positioned on the chuck 3 by the positioning portion 48, there is no fear that the rod 46 will be bent by the force when the operation portion 51 pushes down the push pins 61 and 62, and the latch portion 50 is engaged. It can be securely hooked and held by the joint piece 49, and the claw 6 can be prevented from falling off during high-speed replacement.

The present invention is not limited to the configuration of the above-described embodiment, and the shapes and configurations of the respective parts can be appropriately modified and embodied without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0020]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, a positioning portion positioned at the fitting portion of the chuck and a locking portion locked at the engaging portion of the claw are provided at the tip of the rod. Since the operating section for operating the claw engaging / disengaging mechanism of the chuck is provided, the entire device can be easily configured with a small number of parts, and the claws can be reliably replaced at high speed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a chuck and a replacement device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the chuck when the rod of the exchanging device of FIG. 1 is lowered.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a main part of the chuck shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view of a chuck showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a front view of a sliding member in the chuck of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of the sliding member of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a side view of the coupling push pin seen from the line AA in FIG.

8 is a side view of the push pin for dissociation seen from the line BB in FIG.

9 is a sectional view showing the chuck of FIG. 4 and the exchanging device of the second embodiment when the wedge plunger is retracted.

10 is a partial sectional view showing the chuck when the rod of the exchanging device of FIG. 9 is lowered.

11 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG.

FIG. 12 is a bottom view of the rod of FIG.

13 is a cross-sectional view showing different operating states of the exchange device of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

3 ・ ・ Chuck, 4 ・ ・ Automatic chuck jaw changer, 5 ・
・ Body, 6 ・ ・ Pawl, 7 ・ ・ Top jaw, 8 ・ ・ Master jaw, 9 ・ ・ Pawl mounting groove, 11 ・ ・ Sliding member, 14 ・
・ Wedge plunger, 17 ・ ・ Rack pin, 21 ・ ・
Eccentric pin, 23 ... Fitting hole, 29 ... Base, 31 ...
Guide block, 32 ... nail magazine, 35 ... gear,
37..Motor, 38..cylinder, 40..piston rod, 41..rack gear, 46..rod, 47 ..
.Racks, 48 ... Positioning parts, 49 ... Engaging pieces, 50
..Hooking portions, 51..Operation portions, 57..Detachment holes, 58 ..
・ Prevention member, 61 ・ ・ Push pin for coupling, 62 ・ ・ Push pin for dissociation, 69 ・ ・ Claw cassette.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A chuck claw automatic exchange for attaching and detaching a claw of a chuck to a claw mounting groove by the rod, the rod being movable along an extension line of the claw mounting groove of the chuck and rotatable about its moving axis. In the device, at the tip of the rod,
A positioning part that is positioned in the fitting part of the chuck as the rod moves, a locking part that locks at the engaging part of the claw as the rod rotates, and a claw engagement / disengagement mechanism as the rod rotates. An automatic chuck claw exchange device, characterized in that it is provided with an operating section for operating.