JPH05123056A - Production of turf for transplantation - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To promote the activity of turf, shorten the post-planting care period of turf, prolong the cultivable period and easily obtain turf in a short time necessitating little agricultural chemicals and fertilizers by using a seed turf infected with VA mycorrhizal bacteria. CONSTITUTION:A planting soil is placed on ground or an artificial culture bed at a thickness of 5-50mm. A seed turf infected with VA mycorrhizal bacteria is sowed on the planting soil and cultured after filling the gap with a joint soil to obtain the objective turf for transplantation. The planting soil is preferably incorporated with <=30wt.% of hydrophilized carbon material having a pore diameter of 0. 5-500mum and a pore volume of 0.05-1.5ml/g.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing turf turf for transplantation.

In this specification, "%" means "% by weight".

[0003]

[Prior art and its problems] As a lawn construction method,
There are a method by sowing seeds and a method by planting mat-like lawn, that is, turf turf.

Among these, as a method for constructing a lawn in a golf course, a garden, a city park, an exterior of a high-rise house, an exterior of a business building, a green space of a factory, etc., a curing period until it becomes usable after the construction is completed. Due to their relatively short length, more turf turf planting methods are used.

However, the current method of planting grass turf has the following problems.

(1) The planting period is shorter than the method of sowing seeds, but it still requires a curing period of several months and the use of the planted land is prohibited during that period, which makes it inconvenient. The indication that it is present is unsightly from the landscape, and during the curing period, it is necessary to frequently sprinkle water after rooting until rooting, and it is necessary to frequently apply dilute fertilizer even after rooting, so management of the land is complicated. Because there is something
It is eagerly desired to further shorten the curing period after construction.

(2) Although it depends on the variety, there is a restriction on the time of creation, such that the time of creation is limited to spring, rainy season and autumn, and it is difficult to create early spring in the north and highlands of the Kanto region.

(3) The lawn during curing is inadequately functioning as a plant such as rooting or insufficient root elongation, and is easily affected by diseases. For this reason, it is indispensable to spray pesticides as a preventive and symptomatic treatment for diseases, and pesticide contamination occurs in neighboring waters.

(4) The lawn can absorb nutrients from near the ground surface by frequent watering and fertilization, so that the extension of the root of the lawn, especially the extension of the root in the vertical direction is insufficient, and the lawn is vulnerable to dry weather especially in summer. Becomes

The present invention strengthens the lawn's activities as a plant, shortens the lawn curing period, extends the constructable period, and easily produces lawn turf with little need for pesticides, fertilizers, etc. The purpose is to provide a method of doing.

[0011]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventor has found that the use of seed turf infected with VA mycorrhizal fungi shortens the curing period. It was found that a turf turf having great disease resistance and drought resistance can be manufactured.

That is, the present invention provides a method for producing a turf turf for transplantation, characterized in that seed turf infected with VA mycorrhizal fungus is used.

Further, according to the present invention, planting soil having a thickness of 5 to 50 mm is laid on the ground or an artificial cultivation floor, and seed turf infected with VA mycorrhizal fungus is sown on the planting soil, and then the soil is placed. The present invention provides a method for producing a turf turf for transplant, which is characterized by being cultivated as described above.

The seed turf infected with VA mycorrhizal fungi used in the present invention can be produced, for example, by the following method.

That is, a VA mycorrhizal fungal infection source is placed in the above-mentioned planting soil, and turf seeds or seed grass or turf turf not infected with VA mycorrhizal fungi are sown there. Then, by placing the soil and culturing for about 1 to 12 months by a usual method to obtain a grass turf infected with VA mycorrhizal fungus, cutting the above-ground part of the grass turf, and breaking the rhizome into pieces. It is possible to obtain seed turf infected with VA mycorrhizal fungi. In addition, the above-mentioned VA mycorrhizal fungus infection source means any infectious agent or composition capable of inducing infection of VA mycorrhizal fungi to the roots of plants.
The VA mycorrhizal fungus infection source includes, for example, VA mycorrhizal fungi spores,
VA mycorrhizal mycelia, VA mycorrhizal mycelium chips and VA mycorrhizal fungal infected tissues are included, but are not limited thereto. VA
When the mycorrhizal fungal infection is spores, the number of VA mycorrhizal spores placed in the planted soil is 1 to 10 per 10 cm ^2.
The number is 000, preferably 10 to 100. When the number of VA mycorrhizal spores is less than 1 per 10 cm ² , the infection of the lawn root becomes insufficient, and even if the number of VA mycorrhizal spores exceeds 10,000 per 10 cm ² , Infection of roots with VA mycorrhizal fungi is not promoted, which is uneconomical.
When the VA mycorrhizal infection source is other than spores, the ability to infect the roots of the plant is selected to be the same as when spores are used as the infection source.

The infection rate of VA mycorrhizal fungi to the seed turf of the present invention is usually 10% or more, preferably 50% or more, more preferably 67% or more. Note that the infection rate of VA mycorrhizal fungus is not limited to roots of plants with a diameter of 1 mm or less, except for roots that are obviously lignified or dead. Giovannitti et al., New Phytology
t), 84 , 489-500 (1980)).

As the seed turf used in the present invention, all the seed turf may be infected with VA mycorrhizal fungi, or only some of the seed turf may be infected with VA mycorrhizal fungi. good.
Even if the seed turf that is not infected with VA mycorrhizal fungus is contained,
This is because seed turf infected with mycorrhizal fungus becomes an infection source and infects seed turf not infected with VA mycorrhizal fungus, so that there is no problem as a whole.

In the present invention, the VA mycorrhizal fungus that infects seed turf is a vesicular arbuscular (Vesicular Ar).
buscular; VA) refers to fungi identified as mycorrhizal fungi.
The VA mycorrhizae are known many, the Jai gas Paula (Gigaspora) genus Examples, Sukuterisupora (Scute llispora) genus, Guromasu (Glomus) genus, account losses Paula (A caulospora) genus, Sukureroshisuchisu ( Sc
lerocystis ) or Entrophospora ( Entropho
spora ) genus, preferably Jaigaspora, Scuterispora and Gromas. More specifically, Gigaspora margarita , Gigaspora albida , Scutelli spora gregaria , Glomus fasciculatum , Glomus etnicumus. etunicutum), Guromasu-Mosse (Glomus mosseae), Guromasu-Kuraramu (Glomus
clarum), Guromasu Intra Radi box (Glomu s in
traradix ) etc. are illustrated. These fungi can be used alone or in combination of two or more, and the type of VA mycorrhizal fungus can be appropriately selected and used according to the type of target turf.

The "ground or artificial cultivation floor" on which the lawn is planted according to the present invention is preferably flat, and may be horizontal or inclined.

The planting soil used in the present invention includes:
For example, Akatama soil, turf soil, Kanuma soil, Kuroboku soil or general soil can be used. This planted soil has a pore diameter of 0.5 to 500 μm and a pore volume of 0.05.
˜1.5 cc / g hydrophilically treated carbon material added up to 30% of the dry weight of the planting soil and / or up to 20% up to 20% of the dry weight of the planting soil. The apparent specific gravity of the planted soil when dried is preferably 0.05 to 0.8. Examples of the carbon material satisfying this condition include activated carbon, chaffed charcoal, charcoal, coke, and calcined coal. Further, the hydrophilic treatment of the carbon material means that the carbon material is dispersed in water and the surface and pores of the carbon material are soaked with water.

The carbon material has a pore diameter of 0.5 to 50.
When it is 0 μm and the volume of pores is 0.05 to 1.5 cc / g, the infection of the roots of VA mycorrhizal fungi is promoted, which promotes the growth of turf roots, which is preferable. The maximum amount of carbon material added is 3 with respect to the dry weight of planted soil.
Up to 0% is preferable in order to maintain the pH and water content of the soil at appropriate values for the growth of grass, improve air permeability, and promote growth. The amount of carbon material added to the planting soil is preferably 1 to 20%.

Examples of the sparingly soluble phosphate contained in planting soil include calcium phosphate, iron phosphate, sodium phosphate and apatite. The amount of sparingly soluble phosphate added to the planting soil is up to 20% of the dry weight of the planting soil. It is possible to add phosphate through the mycelium of VA mycorrhizal fungi without significantly changing the soil environment such as soil pH. Preferred for feeding grass gradually. The amount of the sparingly soluble phosphate added to the planted soil is preferably 1 to 10%.

The thickness of the planted soil is 5 to 50 mm. If the thickness of the planting soil is less than 5 mm, the planting of the seed grass becomes poor, and even if the thickness of the planting soil exceeds 50 mm, the growth of the seed grass is not promoted, which is uneconomical.

A water absorbent resin is preferably added to the planting soil of the present invention. Water-absorbent resin is its own weight 10-1
It is a resin that absorbs about 000 times as much water and is also called a water retention agent. Various resins such as starch-based, cellulose-based, and synthetic polymer-based resins are commercially available in Japan (road and nature,
12 , 3, 36-40 (1985)). The amount of the water absorbent resin added is 0.03 to 2. with respect to the dry weight of the planted soil.
It is about 5%, preferably about 0.1 to 0.7%.

The types of turf used in the present invention include, for example, Korushishiba, Noshiba, Bentoshiba, Chushiba,
Mayer, Kalashiva, Tiff Green, Tiff Fine and so on.

The soil used in the present invention includes, for example, Akadama soil, turf soil, Kanuma soil, Kuroboku soil or general soil.

The production method of the present invention is preferably carried out in a room where the cultivation environment is controlled in order to surely infect VA mycorrhizal fungi and promote the growth of seed turf. The room in which the cultivation environment is controlled means, for example, a greenhouse, a room having an air cleaning device as an accessory, or a room in an environment equivalent to these.

The cultivating floor, planting soil, seed turf infected with VA mycorrhizal fungi and the like used in the present invention are preferably sterilized. In addition, in the sterilization treatment for the VA mycorrhizal fungus infection source and the seed turf, it is natural that the VA
A method is adopted that has little or no effect on mycorrhizal fungi and seed turf. Examples of such methods include a method using chloramine T, streptomycin, etc. for the VA mycorrhizal fungal infection source, and a method using sodium hypochlorite, porridge powder, benomyl agent etc. for seed turf. If sterilization is performed in advance in this way, infection with VA mycorrhizal fungi will be carried out more smoothly.

In the method of the present invention, the period from the seed grass to the formation of the grass turf after the placement of the soil is about 3 to 4 months, although it depends on the kind of the grass or the cultivation conditions.

[0030]

According to the method of the present invention, the following excellent effects can be obtained.

(1) Since the seed turf infected with the VA mycorrhizal fungus is used, the turf turf infected with the VA mycorrhizal fungus can be easily and reliably obtained. Further, many kinds of seed turf can be regenerated by the turf turf produced by the method of the present invention, and the turf turf infected with VA mycorrhizal fungi can be repeatedly produced without using VA mycorrhizal fungi. Also, VA
Since the growth of seed turf is promoted by infection with mycorrhizal fungi, turf turf can be produced in a short period of time.

(2) When the planting soil containing the above-mentioned carbon material in the above-mentioned ratio is used, the infection of the roots of VA mycorrhizal fungi is promoted, thereby shortening the production period of turf turf. You can

Further, when the planting soil containing the above-mentioned hardly soluble phosphate in the above proportion is used, this slightly soluble phosphate gradually dissolves to supply phosphoric acid to the turf. Can be shortened.

Further, when the above carbon material and the sparingly soluble phosphate are added in the above proportions, respectively, the synergistic effect of the two can further shorten the production period of the turf turf.

(3) Even when working in a room where the cultivation environment is controlled, the period for manufacturing the turf turf can be shortened as compared with the case where the environment is not controlled.

(4) When a water-absorbent resin is added to the planting soil, sufficient water content is retained around the roots of the grass, resulting in a stronger grass turf due to summer sunshine.

(5) The turf turf obtained by the method of the present invention is easy to ingest water and nutrients due to infection with VA mycorrhizal fungi, and has high resistance to environmental changes such as temperature and dryness and diseases. As a result, grass can be planted on flat land from early spring to late autumn. In addition, the curing period after the lawn is constructed is shortened, and the number of times of watering is also reduced,
Fertilizers and pesticides need not be sprayed. In addition, as a result of refraining from watering and fertilizing, the roots also grow vertically in the ground, which also contributes to the dryness of turf.

[0038]

EXAMPLES The features of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to examples and comparative examples.

The artificial cultivation floor, planting soil, seed turf infected with VA mycorrhizal fungi and the like used in the following Examples and Comparative Examples were all sterilized. In addition, each work was performed in the greenhouse.

* Manufacture of turf tough

[0041]

[Example 1] Red clay was placed on an artificial cultivation floor with a thickness of 50 mm, and seeds of Korishiiba, which had been infected with Gromus fasciculatum, were sown on the red clay, and the soil of the grass was placed on it. After cultivating for a day, a turf turf for transplantation for lawn formation was manufactured.

[0042]

Examples 2 to 4 The turf for transplantation was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the carbon material and / or the sparingly soluble phosphate and / or the water absorbent resin were added to the red terrestrial clay in the proportions shown in Table 1 below. Manufactured turf.

[0043]

[Examples 5 and 6] Carbonaceous materials and / or sparingly soluble phosphates and / or water-absorbent resins were added to the red terrestrial soil using Seed grass of Korishiba infected with Gromas mosse.
A turf turf for transplant was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the turf was added in the proportion shown in.

[0044]

[Comparative Example 1] A grass turf not infected with VA mycorrhizal fungus was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that seed grass not infected with VA mycorrhizal fungus was used.

Table 1 shows the amounts of each element in Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Example 1.

[0046]

[Table 1]

As the polyacrylamides of Examples 2 to 3 in Table 1, commercially available Broadleaf P4 (registered trademark) was used, and the polyvinyl alcohols of Examples 5 to 6 were commercially available from Sumitomo Chemical. Igetagel P (registered trademark) manufactured by Kogyo Co., Ltd. was used.

[0048]

[Evaluation] * Measurement period of grass turf production period The production period of the turf turf of Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Example 1 is shown in Table 2 below. The production period was from the time of sowing the seed turf to the time when the color and grass vigor were almost the same as those of conventional turf turf.

[0049]

[Table 2]

From the results shown in Table 2, it is clear that when the method of the present invention is applied to the seed grass, the period for manufacturing the grass toughness can be shortened significantly as compared with the conventional method.

* Measurement of curing period of turf tough The turf turf obtained in each of Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Example 1 was planted in a land and the curing period of each was measured. The curing period was a period in which the color and grass vigor were almost the same as those of the surrounding grass turf that was conventionally planted. In addition, Example 1
For grass turf Nos. 4 to 4, the grass forces at 30 days later were compared, and the ranking was shown in order from the good one. The results are shown in Table 3 below.

[0052]

[Table 3]

From the results shown in Table 3, it was revealed that the turf curing period was considerably shortened when the turf of the present invention was used. Further, it was revealed that the grass vigor after 30 days was better when either the carbon material, the sparingly soluble phosphate or the water absorbent resin was used in curing the grass turf of the present invention.

[0054]

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A method for producing a grass turf for transplantation, comprising:
A method for producing a turf turf for transplantation, which comprises using a seed turf infected with a VA mycorrhizal fungus. 2. A planting soil having a thickness of 5 to 50 mm is arranged on the ground or an artificial cultivation floor, and VA is applied to the planting soil.
The method for producing a turf for transplantation according to claim 1, characterized in that seed turf infected with mycorrhizal fungi is sown, and then the soil is arranged and cultivated. 3. A planting soil having a pore diameter of 0.5.
˜500 μm and pore volume of 0.05˜1.5 cc /
g of hydrophilically treated carbon material up to 30% of the dry weight of the planting soil and / or up to 20% of the dry weight of the planting soil of sparingly soluble phosphate and drying of the planting soil Apparent specific gravity of 0.0
It is 5 to 0.8, The manufacturing method of the grass turf for transplantation of Claim 2 characterized by the above-mentioned. 4. The method for producing a grass turf for transplantation according to claim 2, wherein a water absorbent resin is added to the planting soil. 5. The method for producing a lawn turf for transplantation according to claim 1, wherein the method is carried out in a room where the cultivation environment is controlled.