JPH05120501A - Ic card and manufacturing for the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable a processing program to be written after an IC card is manufactured and to permit the modification and addition of a written processing program by comprising a processing program storing area of reloadable nonvolatile memory such as a flash EEPROM, etc. CONSTITUTION:In the IC card 1 equipped with a CPU 2 to perform data processing, a RAM 4 to store data transiently an EEPROM 6 as data memory to store the data such as a processing result an I/O terminal 8 to perform the input/output of the data with the outside and an area to store the processing program, the area to store the processing program is comprised of the flash EEPROM 6. When the processing program is inputted in series via the I/O terminal 8 and a write command on the flash EEPROM is executed by the CPU 2, an inputted processing program is written on the flash EEPROM 12 that is nonvolatile memory.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an IC card which incorporates a processing program therein, transmits / receives data to / from the outside, and internally processes the data.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 8 is a functional block diagram of a conventional IC card, in which 1 is an IC card, 2 is a CPU, and 3 is a CPU.
Is a mask ROM, 4 is a RAM, 5 is an input / output control circuit, 6
Is an EEPROM, 7 is a bus, and 8 is an I / O terminal. FIG. 9 is a flow chart for manufacturing an IC card, in which 9 is an IC manufacturing process, 10 is a module manufacturing process, and 1 is a manufacturing process.
1 is a card manufacturing process.

Next, the operation will be described. First, the basic operation of the IC card will be described. In FIG. 8, the IC card 1 has five terminals, Vcc, GND, reset, clock, and I / O, as external connection terminals, and data is exchanged with the outside via the I / O terminal 8 serially. Is going. Serial data input from the outside is serial / parallel converted by the input / output control circuit 5, and is transferred via the bus 7 to C
It is taken into PU2. The CPU 2 performs data processing according to the processing program stored in the mask ROM 3,
Data that needs to be stored temporarily is stored in the RAM 4, and data that needs to be stored constantly, such as processing results, is stored in the EEPROM 6 as a data memory. The data to be output to the outside is subjected to parallel / serial conversion by the input / output control circuit 5 and serially transferred to the outside via the I / O terminal 8. Next, a manufacturing flow of the IC card will be described with reference to FIG. In the manufacture of an IC card, first, a manufacturing process 9 of an IC built in the IC card is performed, then a manufacturing process 10 of a module for an IC card using the IC is performed, and finally a manufacturing process 11 of the card is performed. IC card is manufactured. In the IC card manufactured as described above, the mask R that determines the processing function of the IC card
The writing of the processing program to the OM3 is performed by performing patterning using the data of the processing program in the IC manufacturing process 9 as a mask and performing photolithography on the chip as one step of the wafer process of the IC.

[0004]

As described above, the conventional IC card is constructed so that the processing program for determining the processing function of the card is formed in the mask ROM area by photolithography in the IC manufacturing process. However, with respect to the processing program created for the customer, it has to be performed from the IC manufacturing process every time the processing program is created, and it takes a very long time to manufacture a card. In addition, even if an error occurs in the processing program or a function addition of the processing program of the IC card distributed in the market occurs, if the method of incorporating the processing program in the mask ROM area is used, the IC card is manufactured. There is also a problem that it is necessary to start from the manufacture of the IC because the processing program cannot be revised or added after the completion. From another point of view, basically, ICs are manufactured in units of one lot of 24 wafers, which is suitable for IC manufacturing of the same processing program that is manufactured in large quantities at one time, but extremely small quantity. IC card production, for example I
There is a problem that it is difficult to deal with the field test IC card of the processing program that is performed before the full-scale introduction of the C card in terms of time.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to write a post-processing program for manufacturing an IC card, and to revise and add a processing program once written. Another object is to provide a method for manufacturing this IC card.

[0006]

In the IC card according to the first aspect of the present invention, an area for storing a processing program is flash E
It is composed of a rewritable non-volatile memory such as an EPROM. When the processing program storage area is configured by a flash EEPROM, the flash E
It is desirable to write a data in the EPROM area by providing a dedicated mode in addition to the normal processing mode. Further, the processing program storage area is configured by a flash EEPROM, and a dedicated write mode for the flash EEPROM is provided, and a high voltage is applied from the outside of the IC card to the flash EEPROM.
The mode for writing data to M may be entered.
Further, a part of the processing program storage area and the data memory area is configured by a flash EEPROM, and only the processing program area is written and erased in a dedicated mode, and the flash EEPROM as a data memory area.
Data may be allowed to be written in the area constituted by (1) in a normal processing mode. As described above, the processing program storage area is stored in the flash EEPROM.
If an IC card composed of a rewritable non-volatile memory such as is used, it is possible to revise or add a processing program in the usage state in the market.

In the method of manufacturing an IC card according to the second aspect of the present invention, after the manufacturing of the card module and the card is completed, a processing program is stored in a flash EEPROM inside the IC card.
And the like are written in a rewritable non-volatile memory area.

[0008]

In the IC card according to the first aspect of the present invention, a flash EEPROM (rewritable non-volatile memory) is mounted in the processing program storage area so that the processing program can be written or erased even after the IC card is manufactured. Will be able to.

In the method of manufacturing an IC card according to the second aspect of the present invention, the processing program area is configured by a flash EEPROM (rewritable nonvolatile memory),
When the IC card is manufactured, the processing program data can be written after the IC card is manufactured.

[0010]

【Example】

Example 1. An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of an IC card according to the first invention, in which 1 is an IC card, 2 is a CPU,
4 is a RAM, 5 is an input / output control circuit, 6 is an EEPROM,
7 is RAM, 8 is I / O terminal, 12 is flash EEP
ROM.

Next, the operation will be described. FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of an IC card according to the first invention, and the processing operation of the IC card is the same as that of a conventional IC card. However, by changing the processing program storage area from the mask ROM to the flash EEPROM, the processing program can be revised or added in the state of the IC card. The processing program is serially input via the I / O terminal 8 and the CPU 2 When the write command to the flash EEPROM is executed, the input processing program is written to the flash EEPROM 12.

As described above, in this embodiment, the CPU for performing the data processing, the RAM for temporarily storing the data, the EE as the data memory for storing the data such as the processing result.
In an IC card having an I / O terminal for inputting / outputting data between the PROM and the outside and an area for storing the processing program, the area for storing the processing program is flash EE.
The IC card characterized by being constituted by the PROM has been described.

Embodiment 2. FIG. 2 is a processing flow chart of the IC card according to the present invention. In FIG. 2, 13 is a processing mode selection, 14 is a normal processing mode, and 15 is a flash EE.
This is a writing mode to the PROM. The functional block diagram of the IC card is the same as that of the first embodiment. In the first embodiment, data is input from the outside and the flash EEPRO is input.
When the CPU2 executes the write command to M, the data write to the flash EEPROM is executed.
In this embodiment, in order to prevent the processing program from being tampered with by a third party or the like, a write-only mode is provided in addition to the normal processing mode for writing data to the flash EEPROM. In FIG. 2, first, when the IC card is powered on and processing is started, first, a mode selection sequence 13 is entered to determine whether to perform the normal processing mode 14 or the flash EEPROM data writing mode 15. Here, for example, if a password is input from the outside via the I / O terminal 8 within a fixed time, the password is confirmed, and if it is OK, the writing mode 15 is entered and whether the confirmation is NG or a fixed time. If no recitation number is entered, the processing mode is unconditionally changed to the normal processing mode.

As described above, in this embodiment, an IC having a flash EEPROM as a processing program storage area is mounted.
In the card, IC is characterized in that only the writing of data to the flash EEPROM is performed in the dedicated mode.
Explained the card. As described above, according to the second embodiment, since the dedicated mode is provided for writing the data to the flash EEPROM as the processing program area, it is possible to prevent the processing program from being tampered with by a third party or the like, which is convenient. At the same time, a highly secure IC card can be obtained.

Example 3. FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of an IC card according to the present invention. In the figure, 16 is a Vpp terminal for a high voltage applied from the outside. FIG. 4 is a processing flow chart of the IC card according to the present invention.
7 is confirmation of Vpp application. The third embodiment is a method of applying a high voltage required by the flash EEPROM 12 from the outside when writing data to the flash EEPROM in the IC card according to the second embodiment. Normally, the Vpp terminal defined by the ISO standard is provided on the surface of the IC card, but nowadays, the IC card generally has a built-in booster circuit, and the Vpp terminal is not used. When writing data to the flash EEPROM using this terminal, the data can be rewritten by applying a high voltage from the outside through the Vpp terminal 16. In the processing flow, after confirming the write mode 13, it is further confirmed 17 whether Vpp is applied,
If Vpp is applied, the write mode 15 is entered, and if it is not applied, the process mode 14 is entered. By applying this Vpp, a normal reader / writer (data reader / writer) R / W, etc.
Even if you accidentally enter the write mode because you are not using, the data will not be erroneously written. Therefore, rewriting cannot be performed without a dedicated R / W.

As described above, in this embodiment, in the IC card equipped with the flash EEPROM as the processing program storage area and having the dedicated write mode to the flash EEPROM, the high voltage is applied from the outside to the dedicated mode. The IC card characterized by entering the above has been described. As described above, according to the third embodiment, the processing program area is configured by the flash EEPROM, the data is written in the dedicated mode, and the high voltage is applied from the outside when the dedicated mode is executed. W
Since a high voltage cannot be applied in this case and a dedicated R / W for writing is required, the code number for entering the dedicated mode is the third number.
Even if the person knows it or accidentally enters the dedicated mode, the possibility that the built-in processing program is rewritten is extremely low, and it is very safe and convenient.
You can get a C card.

Example 4. FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram of an IC card according to the present invention. In the figure, 12 'is a flash EE capable of writing data in a normal processing mode.
It is a PROM. In a normal IC card, the data memory area is EEPRO in which data can be rewritten in bytes.
Although the M is mounted, a normal EEPROM requires a large IC area, but the flash EEP is advantageous in terms of area.
A ROM 12 'is mounted, and for processing that can be handled by the additional writing of data and the batch erasing function, flash EEP
The ROM 12 'constitutes a data memory area. The processing program is the flash EEPROM 12 as in the previous invention.
Data is written in the dedicated write mode in the area of No. 2 and whether the stored data such as the processing result generated in the normal processing is stored in the EEPROM 6 or the flash EEPROM 12 'in the normal processing mode as needed. Selective.

In this embodiment, the flash EEPROM in the processing program area is written in the dedicated mode, and the flash EEPROM in the data memory area is written.
Although the method of writing in the normal processing mode has been described in the above, when the dedicated mode writing is performed, Vpp is externally applied.
A high voltage may be applied via the terminals. Although the data memory area is provided with both the EEPROM and the flash EEPROM, the data memory area may be entirely configured with the flash EEPROM.

As described above, in this embodiment, the flash EEPROM is also mounted in the processing program area and the data memory area, and the flash EEPROM serving as the processing program area.
Only write to ROM, write in dedicated mode,
The writing to the flash EEPROM as the data memory area has been described with respect to the IC card characterized in that the data is written in the normal processing mode. That is,
The processing program storage area and the data memory area are also partially configured by flash EEPROM, and only the processing program area is used to write data in the dedicated mode, and the data memory area is used to write data in the normal processing mode. is there. As described above, according to the fourth embodiment, a part of the processing program area and the data memory area is configured by the flash EEPROM, and the processing program area is written in the dedicated mode and the data memory area is written in the normal processing mode. As a result, the size of the built-in IC can be reduced and an IC card with high convenience and safety can be obtained as compared with an IC card in which the data memory area is entirely composed of EEPROM.

Example 5. FIG. 6 is a processing flow chart of the IC card system according to the present invention. In the drawing, reference numeral 18 is function addition confirmation, 19 is processing program rewriting, and 20 is normal card processing. In the conventional IC card, since the processing program storage area is composed of the mask ROM, it is impossible to revise or add the processing program after the IC is manufactured, and it is necessary to add a function after the processing program is once distributed in the market. In this case, it was necessary to manufacture a new and new IC card, but the processing program area was set to flash EEPROM.
With this configuration, the processing program can be revised or added in the market. The processing flow is shown in FIG.
Will be explained. First, in the market, when an IC card is inserted into a reader / writer (R / W), the R / W manages the IC card as to whether the processing program of the inserted IC card needs to be changed. Confirm with the host computer of the issuing company 18. At this time, if the processing program needs to be changed, the processing program is rewritten 19 and normal processing is performed 20. If it is not necessary to change the processing program, normal card processing 20 is performed.

As described above, in this embodiment, an IC card equipped with a flash EEPROM in the processing program area is used, and the processing program is updated or added in a distribution state in the market. Described the card system. That is, by using an IC card whose processing program area is composed of a flash EEPROM in the market, it is possible to revise or add the processing program in the IC card during normal use. As described above, according to the fifth embodiment, since the IC card having the processing program area configured by the flash EEPROM is used to rewrite the processing program incorporated in the market, the convenience is high. In the modern era of multifunctional cards, there is no need to reissue an expensive IC card due to addition of functions, etc., and it is possible to obtain an IC card system capable of rewriting data in a timely manner.

Embodiment 6. FIG. 7 is a flow chart of manufacturing an IC card according to the second invention. In the figure, 9 is an IC manufacturing process, 10 is a module manufacturing process, 11 is a card manufacturing process, and 21 is a processing program writing process. In the conventional IC card, the processing program is determined in the IC manufacturing process, but by configuring the processing program area with the flash EEPROM, the IC manufacturing 9 is first performed regardless of the processing program built in the IC card. Then, the module manufacturing 10 and the card manufacturing 11 are performed regardless of the processing program. Finally, the processing program is written 21.

In this embodiment, the method of writing the processing program after the card manufacturing process is shown. However, the processing program may be written after the module manufacturing process or after the IC manufacturing process.

As described above, in this embodiment, in the IC card manufacturing process, after the card module and the card assembly are completed, the processing program is written in the flash EEPROM area inside the IC card to manufacture the IC card. The method of manufacturing the card has been described.

[0025]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, since the processing program storage area is constituted by the rewritable nonvolatile memory such as the flash EEPROM, the data of the processing program in the IC card can be stored if necessary. It is possible to obtain a highly convenient IC card by revising or adding.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the processing program area is constituted by the flash EEPROM and the built-in processing program is written after the completion of the IC card production. Not only can it be built in advance, it can be used for a small number of IC cards of various types, and a short lead time can be realized. Further, it is possible to realize an IC card development environment that cannot be supported by conventional IC cards, such as being used as a development support card when developing a processing program.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of an IC card of a first embodiment according to the first invention.

FIG. 2 is a process flow chart of an IC card of a second embodiment according to the first invention.

FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of an IC card of Example 3 according to the first invention.

FIG. 4 is a process flow chart of an IC card of a third embodiment according to the first invention.

FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram of an IC card of Embodiment 4 according to the first invention.

FIG. 6 is a process flow diagram of an IC card system of a fifth embodiment according to the first invention.

FIG. 7 is a manufacturing flow chart of an IC card of embodiment 6 according to the second invention.

FIG. 8 is a functional block diagram of a conventional IC card.

FIG. 9 is a manufacturing flow chart of a conventional IC card.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 IC Card 2 CPU 3 Mask ROM 4 RAM 5 Input / Output Control Circuit 6 EEPROM 7 Bus 8 I / O Terminal 9 IC Manufacturing Process 10 Module Manufacturing Process 11 Card Manufacturing Process 12 Flash EEPROM 13 Writing Mode Confirmation 14 Processing Mode 15 Writing Mode 16 Vpp terminal 17 Vpp application confirmation 18 Function addition confirmation 19 Processing program rewriting 20 Processing 21 Processing program writing

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An IC card having the following elements: (a) processing means for performing data processing, (b) data storage section for storing data, (c) input / output section for inputting and outputting data, (d) A program storage unit that uses a rewritable nonvolatile memory that stores a processing program that controls a processing unit, a data storage unit, and an input / output unit. 2. An IC card manufacturing method including the following steps: (a) an IC manufacturing step for manufacturing an IC, and (b) a module manufacturing step for manufacturing a module that constitutes an IC card including a rewritable nonvolatile memory module. ,
(C) A card manufacturing process of assembling the IC and each module, and (d) a process program writing process of storing a process program for operating the IC card in the nonvolatile memory module.