JPH05115224A - Method for digging up tree and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the workability of the digging up of a tree by rotating plural digging and supporting plates having blades around axes nearly parallel to at least two sides having the blades, thereby keeping a sufficient amount of soil on the root and preventing the damage of the root. CONSTITUTION:Digging and supporting plates 12 having ground-digging blades 13-15 on at least two sides are made to be rotatable around axes nearly parallel to each side having the blade. A tree can be dug up while preventing the damage of root 3b and keeping a sufficient amount of soil on the root part 3a by turning the digging and supporting plates and lifting the plates when the tree is positioned above the digging and supporting plates.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tree digging method and apparatus for digging a ground to dig a tree.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When constructing a forest on a golf course or a residential area, it is not preferable to cut down all the trees in order to protect nature and green areas. In addition, in golf courses and residential areas, it is being transplanted to gardens and other necessary places for greening.

Conventionally, when transplanting trees at the time of the above-mentioned construction or at the time of landscaping, the trees are dug, the trees are loaded on a carrier such as a rack, then the trees are unloaded and further planted. Mainly used in tactics, and only partially used machines. Moreover, even with the mechanization, it is not a dedicated transplantation machine, but an existing machine, for example, a power shovel at the time of excavation, or a chain block or the like for loading and unloading on a carrier machine.

Even when these machines are used, human labor is indispensable for each of the above work.
In addition, when transplanting grown Takamaki, not only the weight of the tree itself, but also the weight of the tree, including a considerable amount of roots and root soil to prevent tree death and improve survival.

Therefore, when the above-mentioned conventional means is used, a great amount of labor and time are required to dig, transport and plant trees without damaging the trees, which is extremely inefficient. In the case of creating a golf course, it is technically impossible to transplant a large number of trees, and even if it is possible to carry out this, the cost for that is enormous, so it is felled and the trees purchased separately The current situation is to implant it at the desired location.

Therefore, in order to solve these problems, there has been proposed a method in which the process from digging of trees to planting is carried out by a self-propelled vehicle and an openable bucket type excavator equipped with this. However, in these cases, there is a problem with the excavation means as follows.

That is, in a case where a pair of buckets constituting an excavator are moved in an arc while being excavated and closed in the ground, the buckets are bowl-shaped, so that trees As a result, a bucket type of this type, which originally has a large excavation resistance, has an even greater resistance, which results in a state of holding all the soil at the root part. Unreasonableness occurs in closing,
Complete bucket closure is not obtained, resulting in the inability to cut roots extending downward from the root of the tree.

Further, in the bucket type, since a pair of buckets are dug into the ground from the left and right sides of the tree root, the roots extending to the front and rear sides of the tree root are not cut, For this reason, due to the resistance of these roots and the roots extending downward, grown trees such as Takagi cannot be extracted even if the bucket is raised. Therefore, even if the power of raising the bucket by the self-propelled vehicle is increased to avoid this, the root will be severely damaged by cutting from the root part, resulting in poor tree survival, It will cause it to die.

[0009]

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an excavation width and an excavation depth corresponding to the form of the root portion by the excavation mode according to the topography of the place where the tree to be transplanted grows and the size of the tree. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a tree digging method and apparatus which can dig a tree with good workability so that the root is less damaged in the most desirable state.

[0010]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the tree digging method according to the present invention, a plate for excavating and carrying is formed with a blade for ground excavation on at least two sides of the blade. It is possible to rotate about an axis substantially parallel to each side, and to rotate the excavating and carrying plate about one axis selected from each axis parallel to the blade,
A blade parallel to the axis was moved from the side of the tree to the bottom of the tree and lifted when the tree came onto the excavation and support plate to dig the tree from the ground.

Further, in the tree digging apparatus according to the present invention, at least one for digging the ground and carrying trees is carried out.
An excavation and carrier plate having a predetermined shape, in which a blade for excavation is formed on at least two sides, and a driving means for driving the excavation and carrier plate to form an excavation and carrier machine. Constituting the excavation and carrier machine at the tip of the arm of a self-propelled lead machine having an arm that is driven in the up-down and front-back directions,
By driving the arm and the driving means for the excavation and support plate, the excavation and support plate is rotated about axes substantially parallel to the sides on which the blades are formed, so that the ground can be excavated. Configured to.

[0012]

According to this structure, the excavating and supporting plate is rotated about axes that are substantially parallel to at least two sides having the blades, so that the ground is removed from two or more directions with respect to the trees. It is possible to excavate, and various excavations of the ground can be performed from an appropriate direction depending on the size of trees and topography.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, an excavating and conveying machine 2 is connected to a self-propelled leading machine 1 such as a bulldozer or a power shovel. For this purpose, a frame 5 having a substantially C-shaped plane with an opening 4 at the front end is provided. A pair of left and right arms 7 and 7 integrally formed into a frame by connecting both arm members 7a and 7a by a connecting member 7b with a predetermined interval are pivotally supported at their upper ends by a support shaft 8. As a result, as shown in FIG. 1 (B), in the range of the position where the front surface is rotated and raised in a substantially V-shape and the vertical position shown in FIG. The pair of arms 7, 7 are provided so as to face each other so as to be rotatable.

In order to perform the above-mentioned rotation, hydraulic cylinders 9, 9 are provided on the outer side of the upper ends of the left and right frame portions 6, 6 on the front and rear sides thereof, respectively, from the state of FIG. 4 to the state of FIG. 4 so that it can be rotated to the position shown in FIG.
The output shafts 9a, 9
a is the front and rear arm members 7a, 7a of the both arms 7, 7
Is pivotally supported by the outer shaft pins 11, 11.

The left and right arms 7, 7 are provided at their lower ends with inwardly excavating and carrying plates 12 and 12 projecting in a substantially orthogonal manner. The plates 12, 12 are located at opposite positions. It is fixed.

Both the excavating and supporting plates 12, 12 are formed in a rectangular shape, and the width in the front-rear direction thereof is the both side arms 7, 7 described above.
It is formed wider than that of each of the arms 7 and 7 and protrudes from the front end and the rear end of each arm 7, 7 to the front and the rear by a required length.

As shown in FIG. 1A, the two excavating and supporting plates 12, 12 have their three edges, that is,
A large number of excavating claws 1 are provided at the opposite edge and both front and rear edges.
3 ... 14 ..., 15 ... are projected at regular intervals in each width direction of the plates 12, 12, but the excavating claws 13 ... Both excavation and carrying plates 12,
When 12 is closed and in a horizontal state, it meshes with each other as shown in FIG. 1A, and when both excavating and carrying plates 12, 12 are closed in the ground as shown in FIG. Part 3a
The lower ground G'and the lower portion 3c of the root 3b can be cut.

Further, the left and right arms 7 and 7 and the excavating and carrying plates 12 and 12 are formed into a symmetrical hoe shape in a substantially L shape on the front side, and as shown in FIG. By rotating the hydraulic cylinders 9 ... from the position raised in the direction of rotation to lower as shown in FIG. 4, it is easy to dig into the grounds G and G ', and at this time, excess soil is removed from the plate 12. , 12 front and rear side parts and both arms 7, 7 front and rear arm members 7a,
The excavation resistance is reduced as much as possible by escaping to the outside from between 7a.

The excavating and transporting machine 2 formed in this way
Is connected to the main machine 1 as follows by a pair of left and right brackets 17, 17 fixed to the base end of the frame 5, that is, the rear frame portion 16 by welding or the like.

That is, the base end of the main machine 1 is pivotally supported by the shaft pin 18 at the front end thereof, and the front end of the main machine 1 is pivotally supported by the shaft pin 19 at the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 20. 21 and a vertical drive arm 23 pivotally connected by a shaft pin 22
Is provided, which is vertically rotatable by the hydraulic cylinder 20.

Further, an operating arm 24 is pivotally supported on the tip of the elevating / lowering drive arm 23 by a shaft pin 25 in the vicinity of the proximal end thereof so as to be rotatable in the front-rear direction (left-right direction in FIG. 3). In addition, the lifting drive arm 2
3, a hydraulic cylinder 26 is pivotally supported on an upper portion thereof by a shaft pin 27, and an output shaft 28 thereof is pivotally attached to a base end of the operating arm 24 by a shaft pin 29, and is vertically driven by the hydraulic cylinder 26. The operating arm 24 is configured to be driven and rotated in the front-rear direction with respect to the arm 23.

A hydraulic cylinder 30 is pivotally supported by a shaft pin 31 at a front portion near the base end of the operating arm 24, and one end of a link 32 is provided near the tip end of the hydraulic cylinder 30 at a shaft pin 33.
Is pivoted at.

Further, the output shaft 3 of the hydraulic cylinder 30
4, the other end of the link 32 and one end of another link 35 are pivotally attached by a shaft pin 36, and the link 35 and the tip of the actuating arm 24 are fixed to the frame 5 by a bracket 17 In addition, the excavating and conveying machine 2 is connected to the lead machine 1 at a predetermined interval in the front-rear direction by pivots 37 and 38, respectively.

That is, the excavating and conveying machine 2 is moved up and down by the vertical movement of the lifting drive arm 23 by the hydraulic cylinder 20, and is rotated by the forward and backward rotation of the operating arm 24 by the hydraulic cylinder 26. Further, by rotating the links 32 and 35 by the hydraulic cylinder 30, the hydraulic cylinder 30 can be positioned in a horizontal state as shown in FIG. 2, a forward tilted state as shown in FIG. 5, and a backward tilted state as shown in FIG. Become.

The vertical movement of the excavating and conveying machine 2 and the rotating operation in the front-rear direction, and the left-right rotating operation of the left and right arms 7, 7 and the left and right excavating and carrying plates l2, l2 are as follows. All of the above hydraulic cylinders 9, 9, 20, 2 are operated so that they can all be operated in the cockpit 38 of the lead machine 1.
6, 30 are connected to a hydraulic unit (not shown) on the main machine 1.

If a support rod (not shown) for the tree 3 is provided on the frame 5 so as to project forward from the rear side frame portion 16, when the tree 3 is dug and carried, the tree 3 is supported by the support rod. It is convenient to be able to support the stand upright.

In order to use the tree digging device thus constructed, the excavating and conveying machine 2 is moved up to a position near the tree 3 to be transplanted by the operation of the lead machine 1, and then the left and right arms 7 are moved. , 7 are rotated outward, and the excavation and carrying plates 12 and 12 at the lower ends thereof are opened in a substantially inverted V-shape on the front as shown in FIG.

Further moving forward, the tree 3 is received from the opening 4 of the frame 5 in the substantially central portion of the machine, and then the excavating and carrying machine 2 is lowered, while the left and right excavating and carrying plates 12,
Rotate the left and right arms 7, 7 inward until 12 is in the horizontal position. As a result, the left and right excavation and carrying plates 1
2, 12 excavate from the ground G on both left and right sides of the tree root 3a to the ground G'below the root 3a, excavate the ground G, G ', and outside and below the root 3b. As shown in FIG.
As described above, the tree root portion 3a is carried on the left and right excavating and carrying plates 12 and 12, and after doing so, the leading machine 1 raises the excavating and carrying machine 2 to dig the tree 3.

Further, as another digging means different from the above, after moving the excavating and conveying machine 2 to the vicinity of the tree 3 to be transplanted by the main machine 1, both excavating and carrying boards 12, 12 are kept closed. As shown in FIG. 5, the excavator and carrier 2 is tilted forward,
While lowering the aircraft 2, the aircraft 2 is rotated toward the front as indicated by an arrow a in the figure, and the excavation and carrying plates 12, 12 are ground from the front end thereof to the ground G ″ in front of the tree root 3a and the ground G at the lower part. ′ Is excavated in the order of (a), (b), and (c) shown in FIG. 7, and the grounds G ″, G ′ and the portion 3c extending long in the front direction and the downward direction of the root 3b. At the same time as cutting the tree, the root part 3a of the tree is supported on both the excavating and carrying plates 12, 12, and after doing so, the leading machine 1 raises the excavating and carrying machine 2 to dig the tree 3. it can.

Further, after moving the excavating and conveying machine 2 to the vicinity of the tree 3 to be transplanted by the main machine 1, the left and right arms 7, 7 are rotated outward and both excavating and carrying boards 12, 1 are carried out.
2 is opened in a substantially inverted C shape on the front.

In this way, the excavating and conveying machine 2 is moved forward by the lead machine 1, and the tree 3 is passed through the opening 4 of the frame 5 thereof.
If the robot is received in the approximate center of the aircraft, both arms 7, 7
Is rotated inward to close both the excavating and carrying plates 12, 12.

Next, after the excavation and transfer machine 2 is tilted backward, the excavation and transfer machine 2 is rotated toward the front as shown by the arrow b in FIG. The ground G ′ ″ in the front part of the tree root part 3a and the ground G ′ in the lower part are shown in FIG. 8 (a ′), (b ′),
Excavate in the order of (C ′), and the grounds G ″ ′ and G ′ and root 3
a portion 3c extending long outward and downward of b
At the same time that the tree root part 3a is cut off, the tree root part 3a is carried on both the excavating and carrying plates 12, 12, and after doing so, the lead machine 1
It is also possible to raise the excavation and transfer machine 2 and dig up the tree 3.

Furthermore, the above-mentioned digging means can be used together depending on the size of the tree 3 to be transplanted, the topography of the tree 3 and the like, if necessary.

As described above, according to the digging device of the embodiment, the excavating and transporting machine has the left and right lower arms on the left and right sides of the frame, which are rotatably opposed to each other, and the lower ends of the arms. The left and right excavation and support plates are fixed substantially horizontally opposite to each other to form a hoe, and the outer portions of both the excavation and support plates are opened without being closed by the arms, and the front and rear parts thereof are also closed. Since the structure is opened without being cut, the resistance to digging into the ground of the digging / supporting plate is reduced, which makes it easy to dig into the ground in the left / right direction of the tree root and downward ground. As a result, the excavation width and the excavation depth can be easily and appropriately excavated.

Further, in addition to excavating the ground on the left and right of the root of the tree and in the downward direction to excavate the tree, the excavation and carrier machine is placed in front of the tree with both excavation and carrying plates closed. In the forward leaning posture, or in the forward leaning posture in the front of the tree, in this state, while rotating the excavator and carrier, rotate from the front to the front, and from the front to the front to rotate the tree root part. Tree excavation can be performed by excavating the front ground and the downward ground, or the front ground and the lower ground, respectively. If these digging operations are used together, even large trees can be easily digged, and each such digging operation can be performed with the lead machine stationary and moved. It is efficient because it does not need to turn.

Further, as described above, if the front ground and the lower ground of the tree or the front ground and the lower ground of the tree are respectively excavated, especially when the tree to be transplanted is on a sloping ground, Stabilize the lead machine by placing it on a flat surface in the descending or rising part of the sloping land, and in this state, you can perform tree digging safely and easily, while keeping a sufficient amount of residual soil at the root. Furthermore, digging, transportation, and planting of trees can be efficiently performed by a series of operations.

In the above-mentioned apparatus, the number of excavation and carrying plates is two, but one or three or more plates are also possible.

[0039]

As described above, according to the tree digging method and apparatus of the present invention, the excavating and carrying plate having the blade for ground excavation formed on at least two sides is provided on at least two sides where the blade is provided. By rotating around substantially parallel axes, it is possible to excavate the ground from two or more directions with respect to the tree, depending on the topography of the place where the tree to be transplanted grows and the size of the tree. The excavation can be performed in various directions from various directions, so that the excavation can be performed appropriately, that is, the root is less damaged and a sufficient amount of residual soil can be retained at the root.
In addition, it is possible to obtain an excellent effect that excavation can be performed efficiently in a short time in a short time, and that tree digging can be performed with good workability.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1A is a plan view of an embodiment showing a tree digging device according to the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a front view showing an example of an initial state of tree digging.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the above embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the above embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a front view of the tree root carrying state showing an example of tree digging according to the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing another example of tree digging according to the above embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a side view showing still another example of tree digging according to the embodiment.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a tree digging operation on a sloping ground according to the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 l Self-propelled main machine 2 Excavator / conveyor 5 Frame 7 Left and right arms 9 A pair of hydraulic cylinders 12 Left and right excavating and carrying plates 13 Excavator claws 14 Excavator claws 15 Excavator claws 23 Lifting drive arm 24 Working arm 20 hydraulic cylinder 26 hydraulic cylinder 30 hydraulic cylinder

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A tree digging method for digging trees by digging the ground, wherein a plate for excavating and carrying a ground digging blade formed on at least two sides is substantially parallel to each side formed with the blade. It is possible to rotate around each axis, rotate the plate for excavation and carrying around the selected one of the axes parallel to the blade, and the blade parallel to that axis to the tree. A tree digging method characterized by digging a tree from the ground by moving it from the side to the bottom and lifting it when it comes to a plate for excavation and carrying. 2. At least one excavating and supporting plate for excavating the ground and supporting trees, the excavating and supporting plate having a predetermined shape and having at least two sides formed with excavating blades, The excavation and transfer machine is configured from the driving means that drives the excavation and support plate, and the excavation and transfer machine is connected to the arm tip of a self-propelled lead machine having an arm that is driven in the up-down and front-back directions, By driving the arm and the driving means for the excavation and support plate, the excavation and support plate is rotated about axes substantially parallel to the sides on which the blades are formed, so that the ground can be excavated. A tree digging device characterized in that