JPH05106459A - Turbocharger - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable exchange of a compressor impeller without demounting a compressor housing, the also decrease the number of members and improve sealability. CONSTITUTION:The inner diameter Dh of the air passage 31c of a compressor housing 31 is larger than the outer diameter Dc of a compressor impeller 7, and a stationary member 32 which regulates a gap toward the compressor impeller 7 is mounted/demounted to/form the air passage 31c inside thereof. The compressor impeller 7 is mounted and demounted by mounting/demounting the stationary member 32 without demounting the compressor housing 31. Since the compressor impeller 7 is mounted and demounted without need of demounting of the compressor housing 31, the diffuser part 31a, the scroll part 31b and the seal plate part 31f of the compressor housing 31f are integrated in one body, so as to decrease the number of parts and assembly man-hour, and thereby sealability is improved.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement of a turbocharger, in which a diffuser portion and a scroll portion of a compressor housing are integrally formed, and a compressor impeller can be attached and detached without removing the compressor housing. To improve the sealing performance.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A turbocharger (exhaust turbine supercharger) uses the energy of exhaust gas from an engine to rotate a turbine and drives a compressor mounted on a turbine shaft to supercharge intake air. It is used to improve the output performance of the engine.

There are various types of turbochargers. In a typical automobile turbocharger, a central portion of a turbine shaft is supported by bearings, and a turbine and a compressor are arranged at both ends of the turbine shaft. And is configured, for example, as shown in FIG.

This turbocharger 1 is provided with three housings 2, 3 and 4. A turbine impeller 6 is arranged at one end of a turbine shaft 5 in the turbine housing 2 and a compressor housing 4 of the turbine shaft 5 is provided. The compressor impeller 7 is arranged at the other end, and the central portion of the turbine shaft 5 is rotatably supported by the bearing portion 8 of the bearing housing 3 in the middle portion.

The compressor housing 4 of the turbocharger 1 is composed of a disk-shaped diffuser portion 4a attached to the bearing housing 3 and a scroll portion 4b connected to the outside thereof, and a central shaft inside the scroll portion 4b. An air passage 4c is formed concentrically with and an end portion thereof serves as an air inlet 4d.

Further, the bearing portion 8 of the bearing housing 3 includes, for example, floating metal 9 for two journals,
10 is arranged on the turbine side and the compressor side, and a thrust metal 11 is further provided on the compressor side. Then, for lubrication of the bearing portion 8, the bearing housing 3
An oil supply port 12 is formed in the upper part, and lubricating oil is supplied to each of the metals 9 to 11 by an oil passage 13 so as to be collected from the turbocharger 1 through the oil discharge hole 14 and the oil discharge port 15 in the lower part of the bearing housing 3. It has become. Further, the turbocharger 1 is provided with an oil seal structure 16 because it is necessary to seal the lubricating oil for lubricating the bearing portion 8. The oil seal structure 16 is fitted to the turbine shaft 5, and a groove provided on the outer periphery thereof is provided. The piston ring 18 is mounted on the bearing housing 3, while the oil cutout plate 19 and the seal plate 20 are fixedly mounted on the bearing housing 3, and the piston ring 18 is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the seal plate 20.
It is designed to slide.

In such a turbocharger 1, the air sucked from the air inlet 4d formed at the end of the air passage 4c inside the scroll portion 4b of the compressor housing 4 passes through the air passage 4c to the inside of the compressor impeller 7 and the diffuser. Although it is pressurized through the portion 4a and is supplied under pressure from the air outlet of the compressor housing 4 to the engine, in order to efficiently pressurize the air taken in by the compressor impeller 7, the outer circumference of the compressor impeller 7 is And scroll section 4 of compressor housing 4
It is necessary to reduce the gap δ of the air passage 4c inside b.

Therefore, the air passage 4c inside the compressor housing 4 is formed into a shape corresponding to the shape of the compressor impeller 7, and the bearing housing 3 is used for assembly.
After the diffuser portion 4a of the compressor housing 4 is fastened together with the seal plate 20, the compressor impeller 7 is attached to the turbine shaft 5, and the scroll portion 4b of the compressor housing 4 is fastened to the diffuser portion 4a so as to cover the outside.

[0009]

In such a structure of the compressor housing 4, even if the compressor impeller 7 attached to the end of the turbine shaft 5 is replaced, the compressor housing 4 must be removed from the bearing housing 3. There is a problem that the compressor impeller 7 cannot be removed, and the replacement and attachment / detachment work of the compressor impeller 7 are complicated.

Further, in assembling the compressor impeller 7,
Since the compressor housing 4 has a structure in which it is divided into a diffuser portion 4a and a scroll portion 4b, the structure is complicated such that there are many connecting portions and a seal structure is required, the number of parts is large, and assembly is complicated.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems of the prior art, and the compressor impeller can be attached and detached without removing the compressor housing, and the number of parts and assembly man-hours of the compressor housing can be reduced and sealing can be easily performed. It is intended to provide a turbocharger.

[0012]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a turbocharger of the present invention is a turbocharger in which a compressor impeller is attached to an end of a turbine shaft, and a diffuser portion and a scroll portion of a compressor housing of the turbocharger are provided. And the inner diameter of the air passage in which the compressor impeller inside the scroll part of this compressor housing is installed is made larger than the outer diameter of the compressor impeller, while the air passage of this compressor housing regulates the gap with the compressor impeller. The stationary member is detachably attached.

[0013]

According to this turbocharger, the inner diameter of the air passage of the compressor housing is made larger than the outer diameter of the compressor impeller, and a stationary member for restricting the clearance between the compressor housing and the compressor impeller is provided in the inner air passage of the compressor housing. By attaching and detaching the stationary member, the compressor impeller can be attached and detached without removing the compressor housing.

Further, since the compressor impeller can be attached and detached without the need to remove the compressor housing,
The diffuser part and the scroll part of the compressor housing are integrated to reduce the number of parts and the number of assembling steps, and the connecting parts are reduced to improve the sealing performance.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part according to an embodiment of the turbocharger of the present invention. In addition, in the same portion as the turbocharger 1 described in FIG.
The same number is written.

In this turbocharger 30, as shown in FIG. 1, a disc-shaped diffuser portion 31a of a compressor housing 31 in which the compressor impeller 7 is mounted.
And a hollow spiral scroll portion 31b are integrally formed, and a cylindrical air passage 31c is formed inside the scroll portion 31b, and an end portion thereof serves as an air inlet 31d.

The compressor housing 31
Then, the inner diameter Dh of the cylindrical air passage 31c of the scroll portion 31b is formed larger than the outer diameter Dc of the compressor impeller 7. In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the air passage 31c on the air inlet 31d side is the same as that of the air passage 31c. It is made slightly larger than the inner diameter Dh to form the step portion 31e.

Therefore, by means of this compressor housing 31, the compressor impeller 7 attached to the end of the turbine shaft 5 has the compressor housing 31 attached even after the compressor housing 31 is attached to the bearing housing 3.
It can be attached and detached via the air passage 31c and the air inlet 31d.

In the compressor housing 31 of this embodiment, the seal plate portion 31f is formed integrally with the diffuser portion 31a.
The compressor housing 31 is fixed to the bearing housing 3 by inserting a bolt into the bolt hole of f.

In the compressor housing 31 having the structure in which the diffuser portion 31a and the scroll portion 31b are integrally formed as described above, a large gap is formed between the air passage 31c and the compressor impeller 7, and the air inlet 31d is formed.
Since the air that flows in from and the pressurized air do not flow smoothly, an annular stationary member 32 that restricts the gap with the compressor impeller 7 is attached to the air passage 31c inside the scroll portion 31b of the compressor housing 31. ..

The stationary member 32 has the same shape as that of the air passage 4c formed integrally with the compressor housing 4 so as to regulate the gap between the compressor housing 4 and the compressor impeller 7 of the conventional structure described with reference to FIG. It is the shape of the inner circumference. The shape of the outer periphery of the stationary member 32 is the same as that of the air passage 3 of the compressor housing 31.
An inner contact portion 32a applied to 1c and an outer contact portion 32b applied to the air inlet 31b side and the step portion 31e are formed, and a recess is formed between the inner contact portion 32a and the outer contact portion 32b. A hollow portion 32c is formed between the compressor housing 31 and the air passage 31c.

The fixing of the stationary member 32 to the inner circumference of the scroll portion 31b of the compressor housing 31 is as follows.
For example, the inner abutment portion 32a or the outer abutment portion 32b of the stationary member 32 may be tightened to be fixed by press fitting or shrink fitting, or the outer abutment portion 32b may be formed with a screw and the compressor housing 31 Form and fix screws. Further, a ring groove may be formed in the compressor housing 31, and a snap ring such as a taper may be attached and fixed to the ring groove, or a bolt may be passed through and fixed to the ring groove.

Further, in the stationary member 32 of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the air passage 3 in the inner peripheral portion of the stationary member 32 is provided.
1c and the hollow portion 32c are communicated with each other to form two communication holes 33a and 33b or communication holes 33a and 33c, thereby circulating pressurized air and suppressing generation of surging. is there.

According to such a turbocharger 30, the stationary member 32 is removed with the compressor housing 31 attached to the bearing housing 3.
The compressor impeller 7 can be replaced. As a result, the compressor impeller 7 can be easily replaced when foreign matter is mixed and damaged, and the workability is improved.

Further, even when the shape of the compressor impeller 7 is changed to adjust the flow rate, the static member 32 can be replaced with a member corresponding to the shape of the compressor impeller 7 without changing the compressor housing 31. The flow rate can be easily adjusted by regulating the gap with the passage 31c.

Further, the conventional compressor housing 4
Since the portion corresponding to is composed of the compressor housing 31 and the stationary member 32, it is possible to easily form the communication holes 33a and 33b or 33c for preventing surging.

In addition, since the diffuser portion 31a and the scroll portion 31b of the compressor housing 31 are integrally formed and the seal plate portion 31f is also integrally formed, the connecting portion is reduced and the number of parts is reduced. Turbocharger 30 with easy processing and assembly
The rigidity of itself improves.

Further, since the compressor housing 31 has an integral structure, the number of connecting portions is reduced, and it is possible to perform the sealing simply by inserting the oil cutout plate 19 between the bearing housing 3 and the bearing housing 3, which simplifies the sealing structure. The oil leakage is eliminated and the performance of the turbocharger 30 is improved.

Although the seal plate is formed integrally with the compressor housing in the above embodiment, the seal plate may be formed separately. Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the turbocharger for an automobile has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this and is widely applicable to other turbochargers. Further, each constituent element may be modified within the scope of the invention.

[0030]

According to the turbocharger of the present invention as specifically described above with reference to the embodiment, the inner diameter of the air passage of the compressor housing is made larger than the outer diameter of the compressor impeller, and the inner diameter of the compressor housing is increased. Since the stationary member that restricts the gap with the compressor impeller is attached to and detached from the air passage, the compressor impeller can be attached and detached without removing the compressor housing by attaching and detaching the stationary member.

Since the compressor impeller can be attached and detached without the need to remove the compressor housing,
The diffuser portion and the scroll portion of the compressor housing are integrated to reduce the number of parts and the number of assembling steps, and the connecting portion is reduced to improve the sealing performance. Further, since the diffuser portion of the compressor housing and the scroll portion are integrated, the turbocharger has high rigidity and is resistant to vibration and the like.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part according to an embodiment of a turbocharger of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of a conventional turbocharger.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Turbine housing 3 Bearing housing 5 Turbine shaft 6 Turbine impeller 7 Compressor impeller 8 Bearing part 9,10 Floating metal 11 Thrust metal 12 Oil supply port 13 Oil passage 14 Oil drain hole 15 Oil drain port 20 Seal plate 30 Turbocharger 31 Compressor housing 31a Diffuser part 31b Scroll part 31c Air passage 31d Air inlet 31f Seal plate part 32 Stationary member Dc Compressor impeller outer diameter Dh Compressor housing inner diameter

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A turbocharger having a compressor impeller attached to an end of a turbine shaft, wherein a diffuser portion and a scroll portion of a compressor housing of the turbocharger are integrally formed, and a compressor impeller inside a scroll portion of the compressor housing. The turbocharger is characterized in that the inner diameter of the air passage in which is mounted is formed to be larger than the outer diameter of the compressor impeller, while a stationary member that restricts a gap between the compressor housing and the compressor impeller is detachably mounted.