JPH05103691A - Production of optically active alcohol - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To efficiently obtain an optically active R isomer alcohol useful as a medicine, agricultural chemical, etc., by treating the racemic mixture of an aryloxy-alkyl acetate with a specific microorganism. CONSTITUTION:The R and S isomer mixture of an 1-aryloxy-2-alkyl acetate is treated with a microorganism (treated product) belonging to the genus Candida, Cryptococcus, Debaryomyces, Endomyces, Hansenula Kluyveromyces, Pichia, Brevibacterium, Corynebacterium or Micrococcus or a lipase originated from the microorganism to convert only the R isomer of the compound into the R isomer of the 1-aryloxy-2-alkanol. The R isomer of the 1-aryloxy-2alkanol is separated from the reaction mixture. The reaction is performed at 30-40 deg.C for 3-60hr.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for producing an optically active alcohol by an enzymatic method. Specifically, R of 1-aryloxy-2-alkyl acetate
From the mixture of racemate and S-form (racemic form) to R-form 1
-Aryloxy-2-alkanol.

[0002]

PRIOR ART AND PROBLEMS TO BE SOLVED BY THE INVENTION When a compound containing an asymmetric carbon is produced by chemical synthesis, the desired compound is generally obtained as a racemate of its R-form and S-form. An asymmetric synthesis method and an optical resolution method are known as methods for obtaining only one of the R-isomer and S-isomer optically active substances. However, the asymmetric synthesis method has a complicated synthetic route, and the optical resolution method is inefficient because it undergoes a diastereomer, which makes it difficult to industrially adopt it.

Further, a method is known in which an enzyme derived from a specific microorganism is allowed to act on the racemate to obtain one optically active substance. This method can generally obtain an optically active substance more efficiently than the asymmetric synthesis method or the optical resolution method, but the applicable range is limited due to the substrate specificity of the enzyme. For example,
1-Aryloxy-2-alkanol useful as an intermediate for medicines and agricultural chemicals or liquid crystals is 1-aryloxy-
It is obtained by hydrolyzing 2-alkylacetate, and the ester as a raw material thereof is obtained as a racemate of R-form ester and S-form ester because it is produced by chemical synthesis. However, an enzyme that acts on the racemate of this ester to obtain one of the optically active forms is
It is not known to the present inventors.

[0004]

[Means for Solving the Problems] Therefore, the present inventors have conducted extensive studies to provide an enzyme that acts on the racemic form of such an ester and can efficiently obtain the R-form alcohol. As a result, they have found that the intended purpose can be achieved by causing a specific microorganism, a treated product of these or a lipase derived from these to act, and have completed the present invention.

That is, the gist of the present invention is to provide a mixture of R-form and S-form of 1-aryloxy-2-alkylacetate, genus Candida, genus Cryptococcus, genus Debaryomyces , and endomyces. ( Endomyces ), Hansenula ( Hansen )
ula ), Kluyveromyces ( Kluyverom)
yces ), Pichia genus, Brevibacterium ( Brevibacterium ) genus, Corynebacterium genus ( Corynebacterium ) genus, Micrococcus ( Micrococcus ) genus, processed products of these microorganisms or lipase derived from these It is allowed to act to convert only the R-form 1-aryloxy-2-alkylacetate into the R-form 1-aryloxy-2-alkanol, and the alcohol is obtained from the resulting reaction product. It exists in the method for producing alcohol.

The present invention will be described in detail below. In the present invention, the genus Candida, the genus Cryptococcus, the genus Debaryomyces, the genus Endomyces , and the Hansenula ( Hansen ).
ula ), Kluyveromyces ( Kluyverom)
yces ), Pichia (genus Pichia ), Brevibacterium (genus Brevibacterium ), Corynebacterium ( Corynebacterium ),
Microorganisms belonging to the genus Micrococcus , their processed products, or lipases derived therefrom are used.

[0007] Examples of the microorganism belonging to the genus Candida, Candidaalbicans, Candida
lipolytica , Candida tropi
calis , Candida guilliermon
dii , Candida robusta , and the like. Specifically, Candida kefyr IF
O 0882 (IFO Catalog 8th Edition P10 1988)
Description), Candida boidinii CBS6
774 (CBS Catalog 31st Edition P342 198
7), Candida methanosorbo
sa CBS 6852 (CBS Catalog 31st Edition P
348 1987) and the like.

[0008] Examples of the microorganism belonging to the genus Cryptococcus, Cryptococcus neofor
mans , Cryptococcus albidus ,
Cryptococcus flavus , and the like. Specifically, Cryptococcus Lau
rentii IFO 0609 (IFO Catalog
8th edition P18 1988 description) etc. are mentioned.

[0009] Examples of the microorganism belonging to the genus Debaryomyces, Debaryomyces hansen
ii , Debaromyces couderti
i , Debaryomyces marama , and the like. Specifically, Debaromyces v
anrijiae JCM 2169 (JCM catalog 3rd edition P208 1986 description) etc. are mentioned.

[0010] Examples of the microorganism belonging to the genus Endomyces, Endomyces geotrichum, E
ndomyces magnusii , Endomyc
esreeessii , and the like. Specifically E
ndomyces decipiens IFO 01
02 (described in P20 1988, IFO Catalog 8th Edition) and the like.

The microorganisms belonging to the genus Hansenula include Hansenula anomala , Hans
enula bimundalis , Hansenul
apolymorpha , Hansenula sat
urnus , etc. Specifically Hanse
nula glucozyma IFO 1472 (I
FO Catalog 8th Edition P24 1988) and the like.

[0012] Examples of the microorganism belonging to the genus Kluyveromyces, Kluyveromyces marx
ianus , Kluyveromyces phaff
ii , Kluyveromyces thermoto
lens , etc. Specifically, Kluy
veromyces thermotolerans
IFO 0662 (IFO Catalog 8th Edition P27 1
988) and the like.

The microorganisms belonging to the genus Pichia include
Pichia membranaefaciens , P
ichia farinosa , Pichia ohm
eri , etc. Specifically, Pichiab
urtonii IFO 1196 (described in P30 1988, IFO Catalog 8th Edition) and the like.

[0014] Examples of the microorganism belonging to the genus Brevibacterium, Brevibacterium li
polyticum , Brevibacterium
luteum , Brevibacterium amm
oniagenes , and the like. Specifically, B
revivobacterium varicatum
NRRL 2311 (BIOCHIM BIOPHY
S ACTA 585 (2) / 1979 P273-2
81. , AGR. BIOL. CHEM 37 (1
1). , 1973 P2683-2684. J. FE
RMENT. TECHNOL 59 (2). , 1981
125-130) and the like.

[0015] Examples of the microorganism belonging to the genus Corynebacterium, Corynebacterium
fascias , Corynebacterium
Michiganense , and the like. Specifically, Corynebacterium glutami
cum ATCC 13032 (ATCC catalog
16th edition P52 1985), Corynebac
terium glutamicum ATCC 13
059 (ATCC catalog 16th edition P52 198
5 description) etc. are mentioned.

[0016] Examples of the microorganism belonging to the genus Micrococcus, Micrococcusroseus, Mi
crococcus varians , Microco
ccus aurantiacus , and the like. Specifically, Micrococcus luteus
IFO 3064 (IFO Catalog 8th Edition P79
1988) and the like.

The nutrients necessary for culturing these microorganisms are not particularly limited, and those normally used for culturing microorganisms can be used. For example, as a carbon source, glucose, sucrose, fructose, glycerol, sorbitol, molasses, sugars such as starch hydrolysis,
Organic acids such as acetic acid and fumaric acid are used. Examples of the nitrogen source include nitrates, ammonium salts, corn steep liquor, yeast extract, meat extract, yeast powder, soybean hydrolyzate, cottonseed flour, polypeptone, benton and the like. As the inorganic salt, potassium phosphate, sodium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride and the like can be used.

The culture temperature is 10 ° C to 45 ° C, preferably 30 ° C.
Culturing is usually performed at 20 to 40 ° C for about 20 to 48 hours. At that time, the culture is aerobically carried out sufficiently, for example, at the OD.
_The bacteria are grown to about 5 to 40 at ₆₆₀ . In the present invention, the racemate of the ester may be allowed to act on the bacterium itself, or an extract of the bacterium, and further by a known method such as ammonium sulfate fractionation, ion exchange chromatography, or gel filtration. What is separated and purified may be used.
That is, the term “treated product of microorganisms or lipase derived therefrom” in the present invention means these.

When the cells themselves are allowed to act, after the cells have been grown sufficiently as described above, the racemic ester is added. The concentration of racemic ester is 0.01 to 10%,
Preferably, it is added in the range of 0.05 to 2%. Also,
When a cell extract or purified lipase is allowed to act, a solution such as a 0.01 to 1 M phosphate buffer (pH 6 to 9) containing a cell extract of about 2 to 15 mg in terms of protein,
The racemate of the ester is added in the above range. 10 after addition
To 45 ° C, preferably 30 to 40 ° C for 60 hours or less,
The reaction is usually carried out for about 3 to 60 hours.

In the present invention, the microorganisms, their treated products or lipases derived from them are selectively R-form 1-aryloxy as long as the reaction time is reached, though it may vary depending on the type of strain used. It acts on 2-alkylacetate and is hydrolyzed to form 1-aryloxy-2-alkanol of R-form. If the reaction is carried out for an excessively long time, the S-form ester is hydrolyzed, and the S-form alcohol is gradually produced. Therefore, it is preferable to determine the desired reaction time in advance for the strain to be used.

In this way, the R-alcohol is reacted for a time such that it can be efficiently obtained, and the resulting reaction product is extracted by a known method, for example, with a solvent such as ethyl acetate or hexane, and then subjected to high performance liquid chromatography. (HPLC)
The desired 1-aryloxy-2-alkanol of the R-form can be obtained by purification with the like. The 1-aryloxy-2-alkanol of R-form obtained by the present invention can be usefully used as a medicinal and agrochemical product and a medicinal and agrochemical product as an intermediate of liquid crystal.

[0022]

According to the method of the present invention, the R-form alcohol can be efficiently obtained from the racemic form of 1-aryloxy-2-alkylacetate.

[0023]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to examples.
As long as the gist is not exceeded, it is not limited to the following.
Yes. Example 1 (1)Substrate synthesis Synthesis of 1-phenoxy-2-propyl acetate
Lenglycol-α-monophenyl ether (Tokyo Kasei
Product) 53 g and toluene 250 ml, (C₂H_Five) ₃N11
Charge 0 ml into a 1 liter flask and add 50 ml of acetic anhydride dropwise.
Then, it heated up to 140 degreeC. After stirring for 4 hours, cool and add water 5
Twice with 0 ml, 5% NaHCO₃3 times with 50 ml, 5 more water
Washed 6 times with 0 ml each. After concentration, 0.2mmHg / 80 ℃
/ Distilled at a bath temperature of 110 ° C to obtain the desired product (1-phenoxy-2
-Racemate of propyl acetate) was obtained.

(2) Cultivation of R-type alcohol-acquiring bacterium was carried out with 20 g of glucose, 10 g of sucrose and 1 meat extract.
0 g, peptone 5 g, yeast extract 2 g, NaCl 5 g,
_{K 2 HPO 4 4g, KH 2} PO 4 2g, MgSO 4 · 7
H ₂ O 2g, corn steep liquor powder (PCM)
1 g, distilled water 1 liter, pH 7.0 culture medium containing 5 ml to a test tube 18φ Corynebacterium glut
One platinum loop of Amicum ATCC 13059 MO-6 was inoculated from a slant, and shake culture was performed at 30 ° C. for 2 to 3 days.

0.1% (W of the racemic ester of the ester synthesized in the above (1) was added to a sufficiently grown culture solution (OD ₆₆₀ 20).
/ V), followed by shaking culture at 30 ° C. for 48 hours. After the reaction, the bacterial cells were separated, and the same amount of ethyl acetate was added to the supernatant for extraction. Next, the extract was dried under reduced pressure at 40 ° C., dissolved in 90% methanol, and alcohol and residual ester were separated by HPLC under the condition of 1) below.
Next, the obtained alcohol is subjected to HPL under the condition 2) below.
The R-form alcohol was purified at C.

After 48 hours of culturing, the hydrolysis rate was 45% and the optical purity (R form) was 74.3%. 1) Analysis of alcohol: The analysis conditions are as follows. Column: ODS-1HU (4.6 × 250 mm) manufactured by Mitsubishi Kasei Co., Ltd. Solvent: 90% methanol, flow rate: 0.5 ml / min Detection: 254 nm 2) Analysis of alcohol enantiomer: The analysis conditions are as follows. Column: Chiralcell OD (4.6 x 250
mm) manufactured by Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Solvent: 5% isopropanol / 95% hexane, flow rate: 0.5 ml / min Detection: 254 nm

Example 2 In Example 1, using the strains shown in Table 1 below,
In addition, the culture was performed in the same manner except that yeast and bacterial culture media were used. The hydrolysis rate and optical purity after 48 hours of culture were as shown in Table 1.

[0028]

[0029]

[Table 1]

Example 3 As in Example 1, Corynebacterium
glutamicum ATCC 13059 MO
-6 bacteria were cultured. A bacterial cell pellet was obtained from a sufficiently grown culture solution and washed 3 times with water.
0.1% (W / W) of the racemic ester synthesized in (1) of Example 1 was added to 50 mM phosphate buffer (each pH) containing mg.
V) and then reacted at 30 ° C. for 1 hour.

After the reaction, the hydrolysis rate and optical purity at each pH were determined in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Fig. 1.

Example 4 5 g of bacterial cell pellet obtained by culturing in the same manner as in Example 3
Suspended in 50 ml potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7.0),
It was treated with an ultrasonic crusher (19 kHe) for 30 minutes. After centrifuging, the supernatant liquid is used overnight for 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH
It was dialyzed against 7.0) to obtain a cell-free extract.

This cell-free extract (5.5 m in protein)
Example 1 in 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) containing g).
The racemic ester synthesized in (1) of 0.1% (W /
V) and reacted at 30 ° C. for a predetermined time.
After the reaction, the changes in hydrolysis rate and optical purity with time were determined in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Fig. 2.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 shows the production rate of R-alcohol with respect to pH in Example 3. FIG. In the figure,-●-represents the ratio of the produced alcohol to the added ester, and-○-represents the ratio of the R alcohol in the produced alcohol.

FIG. 2 shows the production rate of R-alcohol with respect to the reaction time in Example 4. In the figure,-●-represents the ratio of the produced alcohol to the added ester, and-○-represents the ratio of the R alcohol in the produced alcohol.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁵ Identification code Office reference number FI technical display location C12R 1:84) (C12P 41/00 C12R 1:15) (C12P 41/00 C12R 1:01) (C12P 41/00 C12R 1:78) (C12P 41/00 C12R 1:13) (C12P 41/00 C12R 1: 265) (C12P 41/00 C12R 1: 645)

Claims (1)

[Claims] To 1. A mixture consisting of R-isomer and S-isomer of 1-aryl-2-alkyl acetates, Candida (Candida) spp, Cryptococcus (Crypt
ococcus) genus Debaryomyces (Debary
Oomyces ), Endomyces ( Endomyce )
s ) genus, Hansenula genus, Kluyveromyces genus, Pichia genus, Brevibacterium ( Brev)
genus ibacterium , Corynebacterium ( Co
Rynebacterium ) or a microorganism belonging to the genus Micrococcus , a treated product of these microorganisms, or a lipase derived from these is allowed to act on the R-form 1-aryloxy-2-alkylacetate A process for producing an optically active alcohol, which comprises converting the compound to an aryloxy-2-alkanol and obtaining the alcohol from the resulting reaction product.