JPH049707A - System for projecting visible laser light in surveying apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily recognize with eyes a visible laser beam on a target by condensing the laser beam onto a condensing point by a relay lens so as to increase the distance from the relay lens to the condensing point in relation to the distance from a visible laser diode to the relay lens. CONSTITUTION:A laser light projected from a diode 1 is condensed by a lens 2 so that the distance B from the lens 2 to a condensing point P is larger than the distance A from a visible laser diode 1 to the lens 2. Accordingly, the divergence angle of the beam reaching a projecting lens 3 can be made smaller than the divergence angle of the laser light projected from the diode 1. As a result of this, even if the distance of the lens 3 from the diode 1 is secured enough so as to provide a compensator 4, the diameter D of the beam projected from the lens 3 can be made relatively small. Therefore, the illuminance of the beam per unit area is increased, so that the beam can be recognized by eyes.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to the configuration of a visible laser beam projection optical system in a surveying machine used for construction surveying, etc., which projects a visible laser beam onto a target to determine a reference position. Regarding.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, surveying machines that project a visible laser beam onto a target use a HeNe gas laser, and the laser beam emitted from a laser oscillation tube is projected onto the target through a lens barrel to determine the survey point. . And in this case,
Since the oscillation tube of a HeNe gas laser is large,
Generally, an oscillation tube is provided outside the lens barrel, a laser beam is guided into the lens barrel by an optical system, and the laser beam is projected from the lens barrel.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

The first problem with the above-mentioned conventional surveying machines that project laser beams onto targets is that the oscillation tube is large, making the entire machine large, making handling and operation of the machine inconvenient and difficult. There is a particular thing.

In addition, the HeNe gas laser uses 1200V for its oscillation.
Since it requires a relatively high voltage, it is generally not only necessary to use an AC power source (light line), but also a power unit (booster) must be used, which further makes handling of the machine inconvenient. There was a problem.

Furthermore, as mentioned above, it is necessary to guide the laser beam from an external oscillation tube into the lens barrel using an optical system, which not only makes the structure of the optical system complicated and expensive, but also There were often problems with errors.

Therefore, the patent applicant of this application filed the patent application on March 3, 1989.
According to Patent Application No. 73446 of 1999 filed on May 24, a surveying machine that projects laser light from a lens barrel uses a visible light laser diode that emits visible light, and a drive for driving the laser diode. We provide a surveying machine that can integrate a circuit and a battery that serves as a power source into the lens barrel, and can project a visible laser beam toward a target without increasing the size of the machine. In addition, all elements related to visible light laser emission can be integrated into the lens barrel, eliminating the need for running power cords or handling a separate power unit, making handling easy and inexpensive. However, in this case, there are the following two problems.

The first problem is shown in FIG.

That is, FIG. 6 shows a configuration in which the laser beam emitted from the visible light laser diode 1 is projected as a parallel beam by the projection lens 5, and the installation of the surveying machine is difficult to prevent the projection from slightly tilting due to errors or the like. In this example, a sufficient distance C is secured between the projection lens 5 and the visible laser diode 1 in order to arrange a compensator 4 that can maintain a constant direction of the visible laser beam. The laser light emitted from the optical laser diode 1 reaches the projection lens 5 with an opening angle of about 12° to 30°, so it becomes a fairly large beam system E and is emitted from the projection lens 5. Since the illuminance per unit area decreases, a problem arises in that the beam cannot be visually recognized.

Of course, if the projection lens 5 is moved in the direction of the arrow and the laser beam is focused on the target, the illuminance per unit area of the beam will increase and it will become visible, but the work of focusing the laser beam requires checking the state of the laser beam. Since this is done while looking at the beam, the fact that the original beam cannot be seen means that it is also impossible to determine where the beam is, making the focusing process itself difficult.

The second problem is shown in FIG.

That is, in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, as shown in FIG. The diameter F of the beam emitted from the beam 6 becomes smaller, the illuminance per unit area of the beam increases, and visual recognition becomes possible, but on the other hand, it becomes impossible to arrange the compensator 4 described above.

In addition, in order to make the beam diameter on the target even smaller,
In the case where the projection lens 6 is moved in the direction of the arrow and the laser beam is focused on the target as in the above-mentioned application example, eccentric movement of the projection lens that occurs due to the movement (Figs. 6 and 7) (In order to make the illustration easier to read, the amount of movement of the light source is shown in the figure), which causes a large angular error like β in the direction of the beam emitted from the projection lens.

here, tan α=h/C From tan β=h/A, If C>A then 1 ,・,α becomes β.

In addition, in an optical system that uses a projection lens to focus laser light onto a target, a beam splinter such as a half mirror that reflects half of the visible laser light emitted from a visible light laser diode is used. After being reflected, the visible laser beam is projected toward the target using the projection lens, and at the same time, the light that enters the projection lens from the target is transmitted through the beam splitter and observed through the eyepiece, thereby determining the convergence state of the visible laser beam on the target. In the case where the projection position is made visible through the lens barrel of the surveying instrument, the beam splitter reduces the intensity of the projected laser beam by half and darkens the beam on the target. The beam splitter cuts the light used to observe the beam in half, making it difficult to see it through the lens barrel.

[Means for solving problems]

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, in a surveying machine that projects a visible laser beam onto a target to determine a reference position, the relay lens The laser beam emitted from the visible light laser diode is focused on the focal point P by the relay lens 2 so that the distance B from the visible light laser diode to the focal point P becomes large, and the laser beam passes through the focal point P. Provided is a visible laser light projection optical system for a surveying machine, characterized in that light is projected onto a target by a projection lens 3, and in the projection optical system described above, the projection lens 3 is projected from the relay lens 2 to the projection lens 3. Provided is a visible laser light projection optical system for a surveying machine, characterized in that a compensator 4 is disposed in the optical path to maintain the direction of the projected laser light constant; As shown in , the above projection optical system is characterized in that a pentaprism 13 rotated by a motor 16 is provided on the optical path of the laser beam emitted from the projection lens 3, and the laser beam is scanned on a horizontal plane. In addition, as shown in FIG. The present invention provides a visible laser beam projection optical system for a surveying machine, characterized in that the laser beam is scanned on a vertical surface, and as shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. Provided is a visible laser light projection optical system for a surveying machine, characterized in that in the projection optical system, the projection lens 3 is configured to be movable along an optical path so that laser light to be projected onto a target can be focused. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 2, in the projection optical system, the projection lens 3 is
A target observation optical system consisting of reflecting members 7 and 8 that reflect the light beam incident on the outer periphery of the projection lens 3, an erecting lens system 9, an eyepiece system 10, etc. is provided in the optical path leading to the projection lens 3. A visible laser light projection optical system for a surveying machine is provided, and as shown in FIG. A surveying machine characterized in that a target observation optical system consisting of an erecting lens system 9, an eyepiece system 10, etc. is provided coaxially with the projection lens 3 along an optical axis passing through the outer periphery of the reflecting member 7. The present invention aims to provide a projection optical system for visible laser light.

[Effect]

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and as shown in FIG. By condensing the laser light emitted from the visible light laser diode 1 with the relay lens 2, the opening angle of the beam reaching the projection lens 3 is changed from the visible light laser diode 1 so that the distance MB to P becomes large. This can be made smaller than the opening angle of the emitted laser beam, and as a result, even if a sufficient distance is secured between the projection lens 3 and the visible light laser diode l in order to arrange the compensator 4, the radiation lens 3 The radius of the emitted beam can be made relatively small, and accordingly, the illuminance per unit area of the beam increases, making visual recognition easier. Furthermore, even if the projection lens 3 is moved in the direction of the arrow in order to focus the laser beam on the target, the angular error α caused by the movement in the radiation direction described above is as small as in the conventional example shown in FIG. It will be done. In addition, by adding a rotating pentaprism as shown in Figure 4, it is possible to rotate the laser beam on a horizontal plane and mark a horizontal point anywhere on the entire circumference, as shown in Figure 5. A rotating pentaprism can be added to rotate the laser beam in the vertical plane so that a vertical point can be marked anywhere in the vertical plane. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 2 or 3, according to the visible laser beam projection optical system of the present invention in which the radiation lens 3 is shared and an observation telescope is added, in this case, the target and the projected laser beam can be observed on the same axis without parallax, and the advantage is that by adjusting the movement of the radiation lens 3, when the observation telescope is focused on the target, the laser beam is automatically focused on the target at the same time. be.

In this case, the reflecting member 7 reflects the entire amount of light that should be reflected,
Since the entire amount of light to be transmitted is transmitted through the transparent portion on the inner or outer periphery, there is no reduction in the amount of projected light, and
This has the advantage that there is only a small decrease in the amount of observation light.

The projection optical system shown in FIG. 3 is an applied modification of the system shown in FIG. 2, in which an observation telescope is provided coaxially with the optical axis of the radiation lens 3, and a laser beam radiation system is combined with a reflecting member.

〔Example〕

The visible laser beam projection optical system in the surveying machine according to the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to the embodiments illustrated below.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, 1 is a visible light laser diode, which can be driven by a drive circuit consisting of a very small circuit board equipped with a few electronic parts, and its power source is a battery of, for example, 5V. Dry battery 4I
A voltage of about 6V consisting of Ffj is sufficient, and it can be housed integrally within the lens barrel without changing the size of the lens barrel to a large width. In the figure, structures such as the battery storage section and the drive circuit board are omitted. A relay lens 2 and a projection lens 3 are arranged along the optical axis of the visible laser light emitted from the visible laser diode 1. The laser beam emitted from the visible laser diode 1 is focused on the focal point P by the relay lens 2 so that the distance B from the visible laser diode 1 to the focal point P becomes large, and the laser beam passing through the focal point P is projected onto a target by a projection lens 3 placed a distance C from the condensing point P. 4 is a compensator placed in the optical path from the relay lens 2 to the projection lens 3, which maintains the direction of the projected visible laser light constant even if the lens barrel is slightly tilted due to errors in the installation of the surveying machine. It is something to do.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, in the projection optical system shown in FIG. 1, the laser beam emitted from the visible laser diode 1 is transmitted in the optical path from the relay lens 2 to the projection lens 3 at the center, and A reflecting member 7 is provided to reflect the light rays incident on the outer periphery of the projection lens 3 from the target at the outer periphery, and the rays reflected by the reflecting member 7 are reflected in parallel along the projection optical axis to form an observation optical axis. A reflecting member 8 is provided, and an erecting lens system 9 and an eyepiece lens system 10 are arranged on the reflecting optical axis.
An observation telescope consisting of a target observation optical system such as the following is installed inside the lens barrel 11.

In this case, assuming that the reflecting member 7 has a disk shape when viewed from the projection optical axis direction, the diameter is D, and the diameter of the central transmission portion is d, then
Of the amount of light observed by the observation telescope, the amount of light that is reduced by the reflecting member 7 is as follows.For example, if the diameter d of the central transmission part is 1 and the diameter of the reflecting member 7 is 3, the amount of light that is reduced is is 1/
The area ratio can be reduced to 9.

The projection optical system in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is an applied modification of the optical system shown in FIG.
It was installed in combination with

That is, in the projection optical system of FIG. 1, a visible light laser diode 1, a relay lens 2) and a compensator 4 are arranged in a mirror ff1ll with respect to the projection lens 3 via a reflecting member 8.7, and This optical system for projecting visible laser light in a surveying machine is characterized in that an observation telescope of a target observation optical system consisting of a lens system 9, an eyepiece system 10, etc. is provided coaxially with a projection lens 3. In this case, the laser light from the visible laser diode 1 is transmitted through the relay lens 2.
The entire amount of the laser beam is reflected from the reflecting member 8 at the central reflecting part of the reflecting member 7, and the visible laser beam is projected onto the target by the projection lens 3. On the other hand, the light beam incident on the outer periphery of the projection lens 3 is reflected from the outer periphery of the reflecting member 7. The visible light laser beam enters coaxially from the transparent portion into an observation telescope consisting of target observation optical systems such as an erecting lens system 9 and an eyepiece system 10, and the visible laser beam on the target can be observed. At this time, the amount of reduction in the amount of light incident on the target observation optical system by the reflecting member 7 is calculated by assuming that the reflecting member 7 has a disk shape when viewed from the projection optical axis direction, the diameter is D, and the diameter of the central reflecting portion is d. Then, of the amount of light observed by the observation telescope, the amount of light that is reduced by the reflecting member 7 is as follows, which is the same as the embodiment shown in FIG.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the lens barrel 15 having the projection optical system shown in FIGS. The present invention relates to a visible laser beam projection optical system for a surveying machine, characterized in that a rotating radiation section 17 having a prism 13 is provided, and the laser beam is scanned from a radiation window 14 onto a horizontal plane.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, a lens barrel 15 having the projection optical system shown in FIGS. The present invention relates to a visible laser beam projection optical system for a surveying machine, characterized in that a rotating radiation section 17 having a prism 13 is provided, and the laser beam is scanned from a radiation window 14 onto a vertical plane.

[Effects of the present invention]

As described above, the present invention provides a relay lens 2 as shown in FIG. The laser light emitted from the visible light laser diode 1 is passed through the relay lens 2 so that the
Since the projection optical system has the configuration of condensing the light by Therefore, even if a sufficient distance is secured between the projection lens 3 and the visible light laser diode 1, the diameter of the beam emitted from the radiation lens 3 can be made relatively small. This has the effect of increasing the illumination per unit area and making it easier to see the visible light laser beam on the target.In addition, the compensator 4 is arranged in the optical path from the relay lens 2 to the projection lens 3, which makes surveying possible. The installation of the machine has the effect of always maintaining the direction of the projected visible laser light constant against slight inclinations of the lens barrel due to errors, etc. Also, in the projection optical system of the foreplant, the projection lens 3 is moved along the optical path. By having a movable configuration and condensing the laser beam to be projected onto the target, there is an effect of displaying the beam clearly on the target with a smaller beam diameter, and in the configuration of the projection optical system, the laser beam Even if the projection lens 3 is moved along the optical axis in order to condense the light onto the target, the angular error α caused in the radiation direction due to the movement can be as small as in the conventional example shown in FIG. It is effective, and in the projection optical system of the foreplant, the projection lens 3
A pentaprism 13 rotated by a motor 16 is provided on the optical path of the laser beam emitted from the laser beam, and by scanning the laser beam on a horizontal plane, a horizontal point can be marked anywhere on the entire circumference on the same horizontal plane. Similarly, a pentaprism 1 rotated by a motor 16 is placed on the optical path of the laser beam emitted from the projection lens 3.
3 is provided and the laser beam is scanned on a vertical plane, the vertical point can be marked anywhere on the entire circumference on the same vertical plane.Furthermore, in the projection optical system, the relay In the optical path from the lens 2 to the projection lens 3, there is provided a target observation optical system consisting of reflecting members 7 and 8 that reflect the light beam incident on the outer periphery of the projection lens 3, an erecting lens system 9, an eyepiece system 10, etc. Alternatively, a visible light laser diode 1, a relay lens 2) and a compensator 4 are arranged with respect to a projection lens 3 via a reflecting member, and a target observation optical system consisting of an erecting lens system 9, an eyepiece system 10, etc. According to the visible laser beam projection optical system of the present invention, in which the system is coaxially provided with the projection lens 3, the radiation lens 3 is shared, and a target observation optical system is added. Parallax (observation can be performed on the same axis, and by adjusting the movement of the radiation lens 3, when the observation telescope is focused on the target, the laser beam is automatically focused on the target at the same time.) In this case, the reflecting member 7 reflects the entire amount of light that should be reflected and transmits the entire amount of light that should be transmitted through the transparent portion on the inner or outer periphery, so there is no reduction in the amount of projected light and the observation Since there is only a small decrease in the amount of light, the visible laser beam on the target can be clearly observed.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing the main part of an embodiment of the visible laser beam projection optical system in the surveying machine according to the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a partial longitudinal section showing the outline of the main part of the embodiment of Haku. Side view,
FIG. 3 is a partially longitudinal side view schematically showing the main part of another embodiment, FIG. 4 is a partially longitudinal side view schematically showing the main part of another different embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a further 6 and 7 are partially longitudinal side views schematically showing main parts of different embodiments, respectively, showing projection optics for visible laser light, which serve as precedents for explaining the problems to be solved by the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of the system. 1... Visible light laser diode 2... Relay lens 3... Projection lens 4... Compensator 5... Projection lens 6... Projection lens 7... Reflection member 8... Reflection member 9... Erecting lens system 10... Eyepiece system 11... Lens barrel 12... Projection lens moving frame 13... Pentaprism 14... Emission window 15... Lens barrel, motor, rotating radiator section. 4 Figure Figure ■ Figure 6 Procedural Amendment Relationship with the September 3, 1990 Incident

Claims (7)

[Claims] (1) In a surveying machine that determines a reference position by projecting a visible laser beam onto a target, the distance A from the visible laser diode 1 to the relay lens 2 is
The laser beam emitted from the visible laser diode 1 is focused on the focal point P by the relay lens 2 so that the distance B from the visible laser diode 1 to the focal point P becomes large.
A projection optical system for visible laser light in a surveying machine, characterized in that the laser light passing through is projected onto a target by a projection lens 3. (2) In the projection optical system according to claim (1), in the optical path from the relay lens 2 to the projection lens 3,
A visible laser beam projection optical system for a surveying machine, characterized in that a compensator 4 is arranged to maintain a constant direction of the projected laser beam. (3) In the projection optical system according to claim (1) or (2), a pentaprism 13 rotated by a motor 16 is provided on the optical path of the laser beam emitted from the projection lens 3, and the laser beam is directed onto a horizontal plane. A projection optical system for visible laser light in a surveying machine, characterized in that it scans upward. (4) In the projection optical system according to claim (1) or (2), a pentaprism 1 rotated by a motor 16 is placed on the optical path of the laser beam emitted from the projection lens 3.
3, and the visible laser light projection optical system for a surveying machine is characterized in that the laser light is scanned on a vertical surface. (5) In the projection optical system according to claim (1) or (2), the projection lens 3 is configured to be movable along the optical path, so that the laser beam to be projected onto the target can be focused. A visible laser light projection optical system for a surveying machine characterized by (6) In the projection optical system according to claim (1), (2) or (5), the light beam incident on the outer periphery of the projection lens 3 is reflected in the optical path from the relay lens 2 to the projection lens 3. reflective members 7 and 8, and an erecting lens system 9,
A visible laser light projection optical system for a surveying machine, characterized in that it is equipped with a target observation optical system consisting of an eyepiece system 10, etc. (7) In claim (1), (2) or (5), the visible light laser diode 1, the relay lens 2,
A compensator 4 is arranged with respect to the projection lens 3 via a reflective member, and an erecting lens system 9 and an eyepiece system 1 are arranged.
A projection optical system for visible laser light in a surveying machine, characterized in that a target observation optical system consisting of 0, etc. is provided coaxially with a projection lens 3.