JPH048922A - Synchronizing device for transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the strength of a stopper by forming a stopper which protrudes from the tooth end face of a dog teeth at the dog teeth gear side edge and of which sleeve end face is capable of abutting, of a teeth form formed at a specified pressure angle beta. CONSTITUTION:A stopper 13, 13 is formed at side ends of gears 9A, 9B of dog teeth 12 of clutch gears 4A, 4B. These stoppers 13 protruding from the tip face 4C of the dog teeth 12 and are formed of a tooth form having a smaller pressure angle beta than that of the dog teeth 12. It is thus possible to increase the tooth thickness of the stopper 13 in comparison with the decrease extent of that of the dog teeth 12 so as to increase the strength of stopper.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a synchronizing device for a transmission used in an automobile or the like.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, as a clutch gear of a transmission 2, for example, JP-A No. 5
There is one disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 7-179427. The clutch gear is provided on the main gear, and the outer spline meshes with the spline on the inner side of the coupling sleeve, and the clutch gear has a flange integrated with the clutch gear at the end of the spline on the main gear side. It is. The flange restricts the movement of the coupling sleeve at the end of the spline opposite to the cuff ring sleeve, and is actively formed thick in the longitudinal direction to prevent overshifting of the coupling sleeve. In addition to preventing this, the strength of the clutch gear as a whole is improved.

As a different device from the above, an overshift prevention device for a gear transmission as shown in FIG. 12 has been disclosed. This overshift prevention device includes dog teeth 23 of a clutch gear 24 provided on a gear 22, a sleeve 21 having a spline 25 that can engage with the dog teeth 23 by pressing a synchronizing ring by axial movement on the clutch hub, and a sleeve 21. 2
The sleeve 21 has an abutting part 2° on the gear side end thereof with a tooth profile different from that of the gear 22, and the abutting part 20 is brought into contact with the end face of the gear 22 to prevent overshifting of the sleeve 21. It is something to do.

Further, an overshift prevention device for a gear transmission as shown in FIG. 13 has been disclosed. The overshift prevention device is a dog of the clutch gear 34 provided on the gear 32! 33. A sleeve 3 having a spline 35 capable of engaging the dog teeth 33 by pressing the synchronizing ring by axial movement on the clutch hub.
1, and the sleeve located at the end of the gear 32)
It has a plate 30 for 7 pas. The end surface of the sleeve 31 is brought into contact with the stopper plate 30, and the sleeve 31
This prevents overshifting.

Examples of the above-mentioned overshift prevention device include:
There is one disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 50-53575. The overshift prevention device for a gear transmission has a circumferential groove provided between a clutch spline in a synchronizer and its gear portion, and a ring divided into two parts in this groove, and the divided parts overlap and fit together. A two-piece snap ring is fitted to form one ring.

Furthermore, as a gear processing tool, Utility Model Application No. 62-11701
There is one disclosed in Publication No. 9. The machining tool has a tooth-shaped blade portion with a pressure angle different on the dedendum side and the dedendum side with the meshing pitch circle as a boundary.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

By the way, as a device for preventing overshift of the sleeve as shown in FIG. 10, a structure in which a stopper is provided on the clutch gear of the transmission can be considered. The clutch gear has clutch gear dog teeth 29 provided on the gear, and the tooth tip surface 2 of the dog teeth 29 at the gear side end of the dog teeth 29.
The stopper 28 has a stopper 28 that integrally projects from the stopper 7 and can be brought into contact with the end surface of the sleeve, and the end surface of the sleeve is brought into contact with the stopper 28 to prevent overshifting of the sleeve.

However, for transmissions in which a stopper is provided on the clutch gear of the transmission, the tooth profile of the dog teeth provided on the clutch gear is usually an involute tooth profile, but for example, it is possible to increase the number of teeth of the dog teeth 29. In this case, as shown in FIG. 11, the module becomes smaller, and the tooth thickness decreases from the tooth thickness A shown in code (A) to the tooth thickness B shown in code (B). The tooth thickness of the stopper 2B protruding from the front surface 27 becomes extremely small from tooth thickness a to tooth thickness P. As a result, the tooth thickness at the stopper 28 portion becomes thinner, resulting in insufficient strength as a stopper, resulting in breakage, cracking, and other damage, resulting in a problem that the stopper 28 becomes unusable. Therefore, it becomes necessary to arrange another stopper.

Furthermore, the clutch gear of the transmission disclosed in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-179427 is precision forged, and when the stopper due to the protrusion of the dog teeth cannot be established, the plate is connected between the clutch gear and the sleeve. The dog tooth and plate are integrated into a single structure, and the dog tooth has a flange part, instead of the one that used to be sandwiched between the teeth.The tooth profile does not protrude from the tip of the dog tooth. .

Furthermore, the overshift prevention device for a gear transmission disclosed in the above-mentioned Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 50-53575 has a structure in which a snap ring is provided between the gear and the dog teeth, and the gear and the synchro cone are separated. The gap between the gear and the snap ring is such that an annular groove for attaching the snap ring to the gear must be formed.

Further, the processing tool disclosed in the above-mentioned Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 117019/1988 is a tool for forming a two-stage involute tooth profile on a gear, and is a technical idea for preventing overshifting of the sleeve of a synchronizer. It's not about.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the purpose of the present invention is to form a protrusion protruding from the tip surface of the dog tooth on the gear side end of the dog tooth of the clutch gear that engages with the spline of the sleeve, and In particular, a tooth profile in which the stopper is formed at the gear side end of the dog tooth, protruding from the tooth tip surface of the dog tooth, and having a pressure angle smaller than the pressure angle of the dog tooth. , thereby increasing the tooth thickness of the stopper, thereby increasing the strength of the stopper, and even if the gear module is made smaller and the number of teeth is increased, it is sufficient to prevent overshifting of the sleeve. It is an object of the present invention to provide a synchronizing device for a transmission that can ensure sufficient strength.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to solve the above problems and achieve the above objects, the present invention is configured as follows.

That is, the present invention provides a sleeve equipped with a spline that can press a synchronizing ring and mesh with the dog teeth of a clutch gear provided on a gear, and that can press a synchronizing ring by axial movement on a clutch hub.
and a stopper formed of a tooth profile that protrudes from the tip surface of the dog tooth at the gear side end of the dog tooth and is formed at a pressure angle smaller than the pressure angle of the dog tooth, in order to abut the end surface of the sleeve. The present invention relates to a synchronizing device for a transmission.

[Effect]

The synchronizing device for a transmission according to the present invention is configured as described above, and therefore operates as follows.

That is, in this synchronizing device for a transmission, a stopper that protrudes from the tip surface of the dog tooth at the gear side end of the dog tooth and can be brought into contact with the end surface of the sleeve is formed at a pressure angle smaller than the pressure angle of the dog tooth. Since the stopper is formed from a tooth profile, the tooth thickness of the stopper can be increased compared to the degree of decrease in the tooth thickness of the dog teeth, and the strength of the stopper can be increased. Therefore,
Even if the module of the dog tooth gear is made smaller and the number of teeth is increased, sufficient strength of the stopper can be ensured.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, one embodiment of a synchronizing device for a transmission according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

The synchronizing device for a transmission according to the present invention can be used as a synchronizing device for the mechanism shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. In FIG. 1, a spline 1 formed on the inner peripheral side of the sleeve 1
1 is spline-fitted to the outer periphery of the clutch hub 2, and is axially moved by a shift fork (not shown) that engages with a recess IA on the outer periphery of the sleeve 1 and moves in response to a shift operation. Can be moved. The clutch hub 2 is spline-engaged with the rotating shaft 7 and rotates integrally with the rotating shaft 7. In addition, the Tarafuchi hub 2 has an appropriate number of notches in the circumferential direction, and the key 5 is housed in the notch.
The key 5 is urged radially outward by a spring 6. The key 5 has a wide convex portion 5A in its central portion, and is fitted into a recess IB formed on the inner surface of the sleeve 1 located corresponding to the neutral position of the transmission.

On both sides of the clutch hub 2, synchronizing rings 3A, 3B1, clutch gears 4A, 4B, and gears 9A, 9B integrally constructed with the clutch gears 4A, 4B are sequentially arranged. The synchronizing rings 3A, 3B can be frictionally engaged with the clutch gears 4A, 4B at conical surfaces 10.10. Gear 9A, 9B
is rotatably supported by bearings 8A and 8B with respect to the rotating shaft 7, and is constantly engaged with a gear on another rotating shaft parallel to the rotating shaft 7 (not shown).

In particular, the synchronizing device for a transmission according to the present invention has the above-mentioned configuration.
This is characterized in that a stopper 13 (the part with the symbol S) is provided at the part shown in FIG. 1, and the tooth thickness WA of the stopper 13 is increased. That is, the stopper 7pa 13 is the clutch gear 4A,
4B is formed at the gear 9A, 9B side end of the dog tooth 12, and is made to protrude from the tooth tip surface 4C of the dog tooth 12, and in particular, as shown in FIG. It is formed from a tooth profile formed at an angle β.

Therefore, the tooth profile of the stopper 13 is formed in a state where the curved surface rises from the tooth surface of the tooth tip of the dog tooth 12, and the reduction in the tooth thickness of the stopper 13 is smaller than that of the dog tooth 12, and the gear Even if the module is made smaller and the number of teeth is increased, the strike and pavers 13 can be formed with a tooth thickness that ensures sufficient strength.

However, as shown in FIG. 1θ, if the stop and bar 28 are configured with a tooth profile formed by extending the dog teeth 29 at the pressure angle α, the tooth thickness WB of the stopper 28 becomes extremely small.

Moreover, if the number of teeth is increased by reducing the size of the dog teeth 29, that is, the module of the gear, the tooth thickness of the dog teeth 29 will be
The tooth thickness decreases from the tooth thickness A indicated by the symbol (A) in Figure 1 to the tooth thickness B indicated by the symbol (B), and the tooth thickness of the tooth tip surface of the stopper 28 is equal to the symbol a.
It becomes extremely small from 1 to 2, and the strength of the stopper 28 cannot be ensured.

Therefore, the tooth thickness of the stopper 13 in the transmission synchronizer according to the present invention can be increased compared to the degree of decrease in the tooth thickness of the dog teeth 12, and the strength of the stopper 13 can be ensured sufficiently.

Thereby, the stopper 13 is connected to the gear 9A of the sleeve 1.
, 9B side, the end face IC of the sleeve 1
is stopped by contacting the stopper 13, and overshifting of the sleeve 1 can be reliably prevented. Moreover, since the tooth thickness of the stopper 13 itself is large enough to ensure sufficient strength, it is possible to prevent the stopper 13, the dog teeth 12, and the clutch gears 4A and 4B from cracking or breaking, thereby increasing durability. It is possible to provide a synchronization device using

Regarding the operation of the synchronizer of this transmission, when the sleeve 1 is shifted in either the left or right axial direction by a shift operation using the speed change operation lever from the speed change neutral position shown in FIG. 1, the sleeve 1 moves with the key 5, synchronous ring 3A,
3B, and synchronizing rings 3A and 3B.
are frictionally engaged with the conical surfaces 10.10 of clutch gears 4A and 4B, and gears 9A and 9B, that is, clutch gear 4A
.

The relative rotation with 4B is reduced to achieve a synchronized state.

When the sleeve 1 is moved further, the key 5 is moved by the spring 6.
The teeth on the inner surface of the sleeve 1 are pushed inward in the radial direction against the urging force of the synchronizing ring 3A.

Sleeve 1 and synchronization rings 3A, 3 mesh with teeth 3B
Once the synchronization with B is achieved, further movement of the sleeve 1 allows for smooth engagement with the clutch gears 4A and 4B. Moreover, the end face IC of the sleeve 1 comes into contact with the stopper 13 provided at the end of the clutch gears 4A, 4B, and overshifting of the sleeve 1 is prevented.

FIG. 2 shows a state in which the sleeve 1 has been completely shifted in the right axial direction in the synchronizer shown in FIG. Form a route.

The dog teeth 12 and the stopper 13 in the transmission synchronizer according to the present invention can be cut using a pinion canter. That is, the dog tooth 12 is
The tooth profile and the tooth profile that will become the stopper 13 protruding from the tooth tip surface 4C of the dog tooth 12 can be formed simultaneously and in an integral structure. In this case, by using a pinion cutter PC whose cutting surface is shown in Fig. 4,
It is possible to form a two-stage tooth profile, that is, a tooth profile of the dog teeth 12 and the stopper 13 as shown in FIG.

The gear cutting principle of the above-mentioned binion canter is to create a virtual gear by reciprocating a cutter with a cutting edge in the direction of the tooth trace of the gear and applying rotational motion, and the gear material undergoing rotational motion to this virtual gear. The tooth profile of the gear material is created by applying relative motion to the virtual gear and the gear material such that they mesh, and cutting away from the gear material the portion that would obstruct the movement of the teeth of the virtual gear.

For example, FIG. 6 shows an example in which a spur pinion cutter 40, which is a pinion cutter, cuts a gear material 43 to create a straight spur gear 44 on the gear material 43. That is, the spar pinion cuff 4 has a cutting surface 41.
0 is reciprocated in the tooth trace direction of the gear to create a virtual gear 42, and the gear material 43 is provided with a relative interlock so that the gear material 43 meshes with the virtual gear 42, and the tooth profile of the straight spur gear 44 is formed on the gear material 43. is creating.

Further, FIG. 7 shows an example in which a gear material 48 is cut by a helical-type binion cuff 45, which is a binion canter, and a helical gear 49 is created in the gear material 48.

IIT, a helical pinion cutter 45 equipped with a cutting surface 46 is reciprocated in the tooth trace direction of the gear, and the virtual gear 4 is
7 is created, and a relative movement is applied to the virtual gear 47 so that the gear material 48 meshes with the virtual gear 47, thereby creating a tooth profile of a helical gear 49 on the gear material 48.

Further, FIG. 8 schematically shows a mechanism of a gear shaver that creates a tooth profile on a gear material 51 using a pinion counter 50. When the crank 53 is rotated by the drive of the motor 52, a crankshaft 54 whose stroke can be changed
The swing arm 55 swings through the cutter spindle 5.
6 reciprocates in the vertical direction. A guide 59 is provided in the upper master gear 57 at the upper part of the cutter spindle 56. As the guide 59, a straight guide is used when creating a spur gear, and when creating a helical gear, a guide 59 is used. Using a helical guide, the Qanta spindle 56 is rotated in accordance with the helix angle of the geared wheel to perform vertical reciprocating motion.

Further, the rotation of the motor 52 is transmitted to the upper master gear 57 through the transfer gear 60, which rotates the cutter spindle 56 to feed the canter 50 in the rotational direction. Gear material 5
1 is configured to be rotated by a lower master gear 58 through a transfer gear 60 and an index change gear 61 at a speed ratio corresponding to the canter 50.

Binion cutter 50 having the above gear shaper mechanism
FIG. 9 shows the state of motion formed on the gear material 51 by the above-mentioned movement. FIG. 9 is a view of the gear material 51 viewed from the axial direction, and shows the state in which the tooth profile is formed on the gear material 51.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The synchronizing device for a transmission according to the present invention is configured as described above, and has the following unique effects. That is, the present invention provides dog teeth of a clutch gear provided on a gear, a sleeve equipped with a spline that can engage with the dog teeth by pressing a synchronizing ring by axial movement on the clutch hub, and an end surface of the sleeve. In order to make contact with the gear, the stopper is made of a tooth profile that is made to protrude from the tooth tip surface of the dog tooth at the gear side end of the dog tooth and is formed at a pressure angle smaller than the pressure angle of the dog tooth. The tooth thickness of the stopper 7 can be increased compared to the degree of decrease in the tooth thickness of the dog teeth, the tooth thickness of the stopper can be increased, and the strength of the stopper itself can be increased.

Therefore, in the stopper according to the present invention, even if the module of the dog tooth gear is made smaller and the number of teeth is increased, the tooth thickness of the stopper does not decrease so much, and the strength of the stopper is sufficiently ensured. can. Thereby, it is possible to increase the strength of the stopper 7 bar, bring the sleeve into contact with the stopper, stop the sleeve, and ensure sufficient strength to prevent overshifting of the sleeve.

Furthermore, the dog teeth and the stopper in the synchronizing device for a transmission according to the present invention can be easily and integrally manufactured by creating gears using a conventional binion cutter.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a synchronizer for a transmission according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the shift position of the sleeve in the synchronizer of FIG. 1, and FIG. ■−
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a moon-shaped binion cutter for creating dog teeth of the present invention, and Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the clutch gear of the present invention cut with the binion cutter of Fig. Schematic diagram showing an example of teeth, No. 6
The figure is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the principle of gear cutting using a binion cutter, FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of the principle of gear cutting using a binion cutter, FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the gear shaver mechanism, and FIG. An explanatory diagram showing the motion state for generating gears using a binion cutter, Figure 1θ is a schematic diagram showing an example of a tooth profile when gear cutting is performed without changing the pressure angle, and Figure 11 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a tooth profile when gear cutting is performed without changing the pressure angle. A schematic diagram showing an example of a tooth profile when the transmission is disengaged, FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a clutch gear of a conventional transmission, and FIG. 13 shows an example of an overshift prevention device of a conventional transmission. It is a schematic diagram. 1-----Sleeve, I C-----Sleeve end face, 2-----Clutch hub, 3A, 3B.
-11111 Synchronous ring, 4A, 4B--Clutch gear, 4c...Tip surface of dog tooth, 5...-
Key, 7...1 rotation axis, 9A, 9B...
・-Gear, 11- ・Spline, 12...-
- Dog tooth, 13-...--stopper. Applicant: Isuo Jidosha Co., Ltd. Agent Patent Attorney: Onaka Naka

Claims (1)

[Claims] dog teeth of the clutch gear provided on the gear; a sleeve equipped with a spline that can engage the dog teeth by pressing the synchronizing ring by axial movement on the clutch hub; and the dog teeth for bringing the end surface of the sleeve into contact. A synchronizing device for a transmission, comprising: a stopper having a tooth profile protruding from the tip surface of the dog tooth at the gear side end thereof and formed at a pressure angle smaller than the pressure angle of the dog tooth.