JPH0483917A - Constant velocity universal joint of pin-link type - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To facilitate manufacture of a small joint by making connection between an input shaft and an output shaft with plural links, consisting of spherical links, which have the center of their spheres at the center of rotation of the two shafts, and an intermediate link which becomes bent in its central area at an angle of crossing of the two shafts. CONSTITUTION:When an input and an output shafts 2 and 3 incline downward from their horizontal axis forming an angle theta of inclination, the distance between flanges 5A and 5B which are fixed on the input and output shafts 2 and 3 increases in their upper part and decreases in their lower part. In this case, a link piece 12A composing an intermediate link 12 which is connected to spherical links 9A and 9B in an upper part shifts in the direction toward a Z axis to decrease an angle alpha between the link piece 12A and the Z axis. On the other hand, a link piece 12B connected to the spherical links 9A and 9B in a lower part shifts in the direction away from the Z axis to increase an angle beta between the link piece 12B and the Z axis, and the intermediate link 12 becomes bent at its central area. When in rotation, the angle between the spherical links 9A and 9B varies from time to time, while the spherical links 9A and 9B vary swinging motion and the intermediate link varies the angle of inclination so as to transmit the rotation at a uniform speed.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Object of the Invention) <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a universal joint used when there is an intersecting angle between two axes, which is widely used in automobiles, rolling mills, etc. In particular, this invention relates to a constant velocity universal joint that is constant in speed and in which the centers of rotation of two axes do not deviate at all times.

<Background of the Invention> Conventionally, there have been several types of universal joints that can transmit rotation when the input and output shafts intersect, even if the intersecting angle between these two axes changes freely (usually up to 30°). For example, for automobiles, it has a cross-shaped joint that combines a cross-shaped bottle and a fork-shaped terminal, and a cam follower that fits into a groove in the housing, and is used for front wheel drive of automobiles. Tripod type joints were used. Among these, the cruciform joint cannot be used for front wheel drive of automobiles because it causes rotational speed fluctuations in the output shaft.

In addition, tripod type joints have the disadvantage that the center of rotation of the two axes moves, and they are also prone to play, and due to the complexity of their structure, it is difficult to manufacture small joints. there were.

Technical matters that were attempted to be developed> The present invention was made in view of the above background.
The purpose of this paper is to propose a new constant velocity universal joint that can maintain constant velocity rotation while keeping the center of rotation constant.

(Structure of the Invention) Means for Achieving the Object> The pin link type constant velocity universal joint, which is the first invention of the present application, transfers the rotation of an input shaft to an output shaft having an axis that intersects the input shaft. In a constant velocity universal joint, which is transmitted as The link is a spherical link that moves on a spherical trajectory assuming a sphere of arbitrary radius with the rotation center of the two axes as the center of the sphere, and the size of the intersection angle between the input axis and the output axis. and an intermediate link that can be bent into a halfway bent state. In addition to the above requirements, the pin link type constant velocity universal joint, which is the second invention related to the present application, meets the above requirements.
It is characterized by being constituted by a node-rotation chain, and is intended to achieve the above object with these.

<Operation of the invention> The pin link type constant velocity universal joint of the present invention has the links on the input side and the output side symmetrically with respect to the center of rotation, so that even when the input shaft and the output shaft intersect, Even if there is a shaft, the positional relationship remains the same, so the rotation of the input shaft is directly transmitted to the output shaft. In addition, the axis of each link is configured to pass through the rotation center, and the plane and intermediate links rotate in a bent state, so even if the input shaft and output shaft intersect, there will be no unreasonable force on each link. The movement is carried out smoothly.

<Example> The pin link type constant velocity universal joint of the present invention will be specifically described below based on the drawings. As for the order of explanation, first, the structure of the pin link type constant velocity universal joint of the present invention will be explained, and then the principle of its operation will be explained in detail. Code 1 in the diagram
The pin-link type constant velocity universal joint of the present invention is shown in FIG. One end of the link 9 is rotatably held, and the other end is rotatably connected to the intermediate link I2, forming an eight-section rotating chain. Specifically, flange 5
There are two connecting pieces 6 near the outer periphery of the flange 5 at two locations 18.
0" apart, and one side of the connecting piece 6 is connected to the input shaft 2.
It constitutes a part of a spherical surface having a constant radius of curvature with the rotation center O when the output shaft 3 is bent as the center of the sphere, and this is used as a sliding surface 6a with a spherical link 9, which will be described later. Further, from the side circumferential portion of the 7 flange 5, it goes toward the rotation center O and reaches the sliding surface 6a. A bottle receiving hole 7 is provided. Each connection piece 6
A rotating bottle 8 is press-fitted into each of the bottle receiving holes 7 provided in the bottle receiving hole 7, and the projecting end of the rotating bottle 8 becomes a rotating shaft of a spherical link 90 connected thereto. Next, the spherical link 9 connected to the 20-turn pin 8 will be described in detail. Similar to the sliding surface 6a formed on the connecting piece 6, this spherical link 9 has a rotation center O that is the center of the sphere. It is a curved plate-like piece that constitutes a part of a spherical surface with a constant radius of curvature.At both ends, there is a rotating pin 8 provided on the seven flange 5 and a rotating pin 8 formed on the intermediate link 12, which will be described later. Mounting hole 1 that fits with the bottle 13
0 is set.

The spherical links 9 constructed in this way are connected via intermediate links 12, which will be described below. That is, intermediate link 12
is a link piece +2A formed with a connecting convex portion 14 at the end.
and a link piece 12B formed with a connecting recess 15 at the end thereof, and a connecting hole 16 is provided in the connecting protrusion 14 and the connecting recess 15, and a rotating pin 17 is fitted into the connecting hole 16. This allows it to rotate into a folded state. And a link piece! The other end of 2A, 12B, that is, the end surface on the side where the connecting convex portion 14 and the connecting concave portion 15 are not provided, constitutes a part of a spherical surface with a constant radius of curvature with the rotation center 0 as the center of the sphere, and this is referred to as the sliding surface 18. Two rotary pins 13 are provided on this sliding surface 18 so that their axes pass through the center O, as described in #J.

The pin link type constant velocity universal joint 1 of the present invention having such a structure operates as follows.

Hair) When the axes of the input shaft and output shaft match, that is, 2nd to 4th
This is the state shown in the figure, in which the link pieces 12A and 12B constituting the intermediate link 12 are located on the same straight line,
The angle between the link pieces 12A and 12B is 1800 degrees. Therefore, in FIG. 6(a), the angle α between the link piece +2A and the two axes is equal to the angle β between the link piece 12B and the Z axis.

When rotation is transmitted to the input shaft 2 in this state, the rotation is transmitted to the intermediate link 12 via the spherical link 9A on the input side, and then to the output shaft 3 via the spherical link 9B on the output side. Uniform rotation is transmitted.

11) When the axes of the input shaft and the output shaft intersect First, as shown in FIG. 5, consider the case where the input shaft 2 and the output shaft 3 are tilted downward at an angle θ with respect to the horizontal axis. In this case, the intersection angle of the two axes is 2θ. The distance between the 7 langes 5A fixed to the input shaft 2 and the 7 langes 5B fixed to the output shaft 3 widens at the top and narrows at the bottom. Accordingly, the upper spherical links 9A and 9B are arranged so that the front axes of the upper spherical links 9A and 9B have a crossing angle and are oriented along the axial direction of the input shaft 2 and the output shaft 3, whose axes coincide with each other, as shown in the circle in Fig. 1. It comes to rotate forward using the rotation pin 8 press-fitted into the flange 5 as a fulcrum.

In this case, of course, the link piece 12A constituting the intermediate link 12 connected to the upper spherical links 9A and 9B also moves in two axial directions as shown in FIG. 6(b), and becomes link piece +2A. The angle α formed with the Z axis becomes smaller. The other lower spherical link 9A.

9B rotates in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the input shaft 2 and the output shaft 3 whose axes coincide with each other (in FIG. 5, the direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper). In this case, the link piece 1 is naturally connected to the lower spherical links 9A and 9B.
2B also begins to move in the direction away from the two axes as shown in FIG. In this case, β>α). Next, as shown in Fig. 7, in Fig. 5, the back side in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper (note that Fig. 7 (a) is a plan view, so it is on the upper side with respect to the horizontal axis). Consider a case where the input shaft 2 and the output shaft 3 have an inclination angle θ with respect to the horizontal axis. 5 In FIG. 7(a), the symbol a indicates the sliding surface 6 of the rotating bin 8 before having a crossing angle.
The symbols ``a'' and ``c'' indicate the positions of the previous link pieces 12A and 12B, which also have intersecting angles, on the sliding surface 18 of the rotating pin 13. Further, the symbols a', b', and c' represent the above a when the input shaft 2 and output shaft 3 have an inclination angle θ as shown in FIG. 7(a).

The positions of b and c after movement are shown, respectively. In this case,
When the position of the rotating pin 8 on the flange 5 moves by a distance d from a to a, the upper spherical links 9A and 9B connected to the rotating pin 8 are shown by thin dashed lines in FIG. 7(a). From position.

It will move to the position indicated by the thick dashed line.

Therefore, the link piece 12A is pushed by the spherical links 9A and 9B and moves by a distance d2 from b to b' in terms of the position of the rotating pin 13. Similarly, the lower spherical links 9A and 9B also move from the position indicated by the thin dashed line to the position indicated by the thick dashed line, and the link piece 12B is pulled by the spherical links 9A and 9B to the position of the rotating pin 13. In this case, it will move from C to C by a distance d3. In addition, FIG. 7(b) is a skeletal cross-sectional view of the state of FIG. 7(a) when viewed from the axial direction of the input/output shaft 2.3 when there is no intersection angle, and as is clear from FIG. The angle α between the piece 12A and the two shafts becomes larger, and the link piece 1
The angle β between 2B and the two shafts becomes smaller (therefore, in this case, α>β), and when rotation is transmitted to the input shaft 2 in this state, the axes of the input shaft 2 and output shaft 3 coincide. As in the case where the rotation is transmitted to the intermediate link 12 via the spherical link 9A, the rotation is further transmitted to the output shaft 3 at a constant speed via the spherical link 9B. At this time, the link pieces +2A and 12B in the intermediate link 12 do not rotate while maintaining a constant angle, but always rotate while changing as the flange 5A of the input ffflJ approaches and moves away from the flange 5B on the output side. There is. That is, the input shaft 2 of the spherical link 9, which was initially located at the bottom in FIG.
As it rotates, it will be positioned upward, and the distance between the input-side flange 58 and the output-side flange 5B will change (initially, when the spherical link 9 was positioned below, the spherical link 9 was narrow, but the input shaft 2 expands after 1800 rotations), the link pieces 12A, 1 move in the axial direction of the input/output shaft 23.
2B also rotates in a direction to avoid interference with the spherical link 9. Therefore, during one rotation, the angle formed by the input-side spherical link 9A and the output-side spherical link 9B changes at any time, and each spherical link 9A, 9B repeats a rocking motion, and the intermediate link 12 also responds to this. By changing the bending angle as needed, the input shaft 200 rotations are transmitted to the output shaft 3 at a constant speed.

In this embodiment, nothing in particular is provided in the rotating parts of the bottle and the link, but if necessary, a bearing (for example, a needle bearing, etc.) may be provided.

(Effects of the Invention) Since the present invention adopts a configuration in which the arrangement of links is symmetrical on the input side and the output side with respect to the rotation center 0, the input shaft 2 is aligned with the horizontal axis. Since the angle made by the input shaft 3 and the angle made by the output shaft 3 with the horizontal axis are always equal, the rotation transmitted to the input shaft 2 is transmitted to the output shaft 3 at a constant speed. In addition, the axes of the rotating parts of each link are all configured to pass through the rotation center O, so even if a crossing angle occurs between the input shaft 2 and the output shaft 3, the rotation center 0 is always a single point. Located in Further, by configuring the intermediate link 12 in a bent state by the link pieces 12A and 12B, smooth movement of the link is possible without applying excessive force to each link.

Furthermore, since the structure is simpler than tripod type joints, it is easier to install bearings at the rotating parts of each link and to manufacture small joints.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing the pin link type constant velocity universal joint of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a front view of the same as above, and Fig. 3 is Fig. 2 III-
A cross-sectional view along line Ill. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the same as above. Fig. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the case where the input shaft and the output shaft have a downward inclination angle. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the case where the input shaft and the output shaft are aligned with their axes. Fig. 7 is a plan view showing the case where the human power axis and the output axis have an inclination angle toward the back, and a skeletal cross section. It is a diagram. 1; Pin link type constant velocity universal joint 2; Input shaft 3; Output shaft 5/flange 6; Connection piece 6a: Sliding surface 7; Pin receiving hole 8; Swivel pin 9; Spherical links 9, 8; Input side 9B, Output side 0; Mounting hole 2; Intermediate links 2A, 12B; Link piece 3; Rotating pin 4; Connecting protrusion 5; Connecting fourth part 6; Connection hole 7; Rotating pin 8: Sliding surface 0; Rotating center agent Higashiyama Takashi Banryoji 斥;1'Figure 2 (a) Z 6 figure

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In a constant velocity universal joint in which the rotation of the input shaft is transmitted as constant velocity rotation to the output shaft whose shaft center intersects with this input shaft, all of the opposite shaft centers revolve around the connection between the input shaft and the output shaft. ,
This is done by connecting a plurality of links configured to pass through the rotation centers of these two axes, and the plurality of links are assumed to be a sphere of an arbitrary radius with the rotation center of the two axes as the center of the sphere. A pin link type characterized by being composed of a spherical link that moves on a spherical trajectory and an intermediate link that can be bent into a halfway bent state depending on the size of the intersection angle between the input shaft and the output shaft. Constant velocity universal joint. (2) The pin link type constant velocity universal joint according to claim 1, wherein the constant velocity universal joint is constituted by an eight-node rotating chain.