JPH0480543A - Refrigerant heating type air conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a high-efficient and comfortable refrigerant heating type air conditioner by variably controlling a drive mode by operation combined with heating operation, a heating full mode by combined operation of heat pump heating and heating, and a dry mode by alternating operation of the two modes. CONSTITUTION:A control device 39 executes and variably controls a cooling mode for cooling operation by operation of a heat pump type cooling circuit, a heat pump heating mode by heating operation, a heating cooling mode by operation of a refrigerant heating type heating circuit, a dry mode by combined operation of a cooling mode and a heating mode, a heating full mode by combined operation of a heat pump heating mode and a heating mode, a dry mode by alternating operation of the dry mode and the heating full mode. The control device 39 operates the heat pump heating mode during the initial stage of starting during heating operation and controls operation of the heating mode after a lapse of a specified time and a heating rise mode wherein either continuous operation of the heat pump heating mode or operation of the heating full mode is practicable.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a refrigerant heating type air conditioner that is equipped with a refrigerant heating type heating means and a heating/cooling means using a heat pump type, and performs heating and cooling by combined operation.

BACKGROUND ART Conventional air conditioners of this type (hereinafter referred to as air conditioners) are as shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-103330.
It consists of a dedicated cooling circuit using a compressor and a heating circuit using hot water heating. The configuration will be explained below with reference to FIG.

As shown in the figure, a condenser 3 having a compressor 1 and a blower device 2
, a pressure reducing device 4, and an evaporator 6 having an air blower 5 connected sequentially through a refrigerant pipe 7 to form a heat pump type cooling circuit, a heat exchanger 8, a hot water circulation pump 9, and a control valve 10.
, a heat source device 12 having a burner section 11, and a control valve 13.
A hot water heating type air conditioner is constructed from a hot water heating type heating circuit and a hot water heating type heating circuit configured by sequentially connecting each of the hot water heating type air conditioners.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, since the conventional hot water heating type air conditioners described above use water as the working fluid, the problem of water freezing during winter cannot be avoided. Although antifreeze may be used as the working fluid, in this case, the flow resistance in the conveyance path is large, which is a factor in reducing the heating capacity. In addition, there have been other problems, such as increased repair costs due to corrosion of piping, hot water circulation pump 9, and other components caused by antifreeze, and poor usability of antifreeze and shortened lifespan of equipment.

In addition, the system of this sky U@ machine is a mixed system of a cooling circuit and a hot water heating type heating circuit, and in this hot water heating type heating circuit, there are limits to the variable range of heating capacity and the lower limit of that capacity. It is a certain thing. In other words, the lower the heating capacity, the more difficult it becomes to control burner combustion that maintains good exhaust gases such as CO and CO□. However, when the heating capacity is reduced to slightly warm a room, conventional air conditioner mixed systems have their limits, and the system cannot be called an air conditioner for all seasons.

In addition, in order to prevent ornamental plants (bonsai flowers) etc. at home from dying from the cold, a small amount of heating is sufficient, especially in the middle of the night or when no one is present for a long time, but it is necessary to warm up the room. It is necessary to keep it. However, since there is a limit to the downward control of the heating capacity, in reality, heating must be done at a high heating capacity, which is the limit of the equipment's capacity, resulting in high running costs. Further, depending on the type of ornamental plants, it is necessary that the temperature in the room does not change drastically and is low and visually stable, but in this case, there is a limit to the ability to control the room temperature.

In addition, when the heating load becomes large, such as when laundry is being dried or when a large number of guests suddenly arrive, this air conditioner system is not suitable for heating the room. It was necessary to set the maximum capacity of the hot water heating type heating circuit to a high value. However, as a result, costs tend to increase, and increasing heating capacity
Since there is a limit to the range in which the capacity can be varied, the minimum heating capacity at a lower level will be increased, and if a small heating capacity is sufficient at a low temperature as described above, this problem will be solved.

Furthermore, heating start-up depends on the start-up characteristics of the hot water heating type heating circuit, and in particular, in the case of a hot water heating method using an oil burner, the heating time of the preheating heater for atomizing the oil supplied to the burner section 11 is Because of this, heating start-up characteristics are poor compared to heat pump type heaters.

In addition, in the case of this air conditioner mixing system, the evaporator 6 on the indoor side of the cooling circuit and the heat exchanger 8 on the indoor side of the hot water heating type heating circuit are housed in the indoor unit 6 in contact with each other. By simultaneous operation of the circuit and the hot water heating type heating circuit, the indoor air sucked in by the blower 5 is cooled and dehumidified by the evaporator 6, and then reheated by the heat exchanger 8 and returned to the room. However, in the above indoor unit heat exchanger configuration, when the indoor air that is sucked in is cooled in the evaporator 6, the amount of heat from the next heat exchanger 8 to be heated is transferred to the evaporator 6 side by heat conduction. Since the air flows into the room and the heat is absorbed by the evaporator 6, there is a problem that the dehumidifying effect of cooling the indoor air is actually extremely weak.

The present invention solves the above problems, and aims to provide a highly efficient and comfortable refrigerant-heated air conditioner that has heating/cooling, dehumidifying, drying, and drying functions.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention provides a refrigerant heater heated by a variable heat quantity burner section, a gas-liquid separator, a first indoor heat exchanger, and the refrigerant heater. A refrigerant heating type heating circuit which is connected in sequence with a connecting pipe and configured so that the refrigerant sealed in the connecting pipe naturally circulates, a variable capacity compressor, a four-way valve, an outdoor heat exchanger means, A heat pump type in which an air-conditioning type expander means, a second indoor heat exchanger, the four-way valve, an accumulator, and the compressor are sequentially connected by a connecting pipe, and the refrigerant sealed in the connecting pipe is circulated. a heating/cooling circuit, the first indoor heat exchanger, a second indoor heat exchanger provided close to the first indoor heat exchanger, and the first and second indoor heat exchangers that draw indoor air; an indoor unit consisting of an indoor ventilation fan that is housed in a ventilation path, and a cooling mode of cooling operation and a heat pump heating mode of heating operation by operation of the heat pump type heating and cooling circuit, and operation of the refrigerant heating type heating circuit. a dry mode in which the cooling mode and the heating heating mode are operated together, a heating full mode in which the heat pump heating mode and the heating heating mode are operated in combination, and a dry mode and the heating full mode. The drying mode and the drying mode are alternately operated, and a control device is provided for variable control.

Function: Due to the above-mentioned configuration, during heating, if the outside air temperature is below a certain temperature, the refrigerant heating type heating circuit is activated, that is, the heating mode is activated, and the outside air temperature, indoor temperature, and room temperature are controlled. Comfortable heating can be obtained by controlling the amount of heat in the burner section according to the heat load corresponding to the size of the burner. Further, in a region where the outside air temperature is relatively high and the heating load is small, the lower limit of the variable heat amount of the burner section is exceeded, so the operation of the heating heating mode is stopped;
By activating the heating function of the heat pump type heating/cooling circuit, that is, the heat pump heating mode, detailed heating can be performed, and by using both of the heating modes mentioned above, heating that meets the demands of various heat loads can be achieved. Heating can be performed without wasting heat.

During cooling, comfortable cooling can be achieved by operating the cooling function of the heat pump type heating/cooling circuit, that is, the cooling mode. In addition, in the dry function,
An effective function is obtained by operating the dry mode, that is, by operating the heating mode and the cooling mode in combination. In other words, since the first indoor heat exchanger and the second indoor heat exchanger of the indoor unit are installed separately and independently, even if the second indoor heat exchanger operates as a cooling heat exchanger, the The second indoor heat exchanger is not affected by heat due to heat conduction from the first indoor heat exchanger, so the second indoor heat exchanger has better cooling efficiency and a correspondingly higher dehumidifying function.

Then, the air that has been once cooled and dehumidified by the second indoor heat exchanger is heated again by the first indoor heat exchanger and returned indoors, so that the room temperature can be prevented from becoming too cold.

Further, during operation in this dry mode, by variously varying the capacity and heat amount of the compressor and burner section, and the air volume of the indoor ventilation fan, it is possible to perform fine-grained air conditioning according to the season and preference.

Furthermore, a strong drying function can be obtained by alternately combining this dry mode operation with the heating full mode operation during simultaneous operation at the maximum output of the heating mode and the heat pump heating mode.

In addition, since the configuration is configured so that the heating start-up mode is obtained at the beginning of heating operation, the heat pump heating mode can obtain warm air earlier than the initial heating operation, and by shifting to the heating full mode operation, the temperature of the room can be improved. This allows for faster heating speed.

EXAMPLE Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

In the heating circuit as shown in the figure, the preheating heater (not shown)
a refrigerant heating means 22 consisting of a variable-calorie burner section 20 that uses petroleum or the like as fuel; a refrigerant heater 21 that heats the refrigerant with the burner section 20; and a gas-liquid separator 2.
3, the first indoor heat exchanger 24, and the refrigerant heater 21 in sequence through a connecting pipe, and a high boiling point refrigerant (for example, R-134a) as the first working fluid is sealed in the connecting pipe. In order to configure a heating circuit and return the liquid refrigerant accumulated at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator 23 to the refrigerant heater 21, the bottom of the gas-liquid separator 23 and the refrigerant heater 2I
are connected to form a refrigerant-heating heating circuit using natural circulation.

On the other hand, the heating and cooling circuit includes a variable capacity compressor 25, a four-way valve 26, an outdoor heat exchanger means 29 consisting of an outdoor blower 27 and an outdoor heat exchanger 28, a first expander 30, and a check valve 31. A cooling/warming type expander means 34 consisting of a parallel circuit of a cooling expander means consisting of a series circuit of a second expander 32 and a heating expander means consisting of a series circuit of a second expander 32 and a solenoid valve 33; Indoor heat exchanger means (indoor unit) provided close to the fan 35 and the first indoor heat exchanger 24
A second indoor heat exchanger 36, which integrally constitutes a second indoor heat exchanger 37, and the four-way valve 26 and the accumulator 38 are sequentially connected by a connecting pipe, and a low boiling point refrigerant (for example, R-22) as a second working fluid is connected to the connecting pipe. By enclosing it, a heat pump type heating and cooling circuit is constructed.

The control device 39 also controls the heat pump heating and cooling circuit in which the refrigerant is connected to the compressor 25, the four-way valve 26, the outdoor heat exchanger means 29, the cooling/warming type expander means 34, and the second indoor heat exchanger 3.
6. A cooling mode in which the four-way valve 26 and the accumulator 38 flow in the order shown by arrow A to obtain a cooling cycle and whose capacity can be variably controlled; Control the heat pump heating mode variably obtained. Further, the control device 39 controls the control device 39 so that the first working fluid heated by the burner unit 20 via the refrigerant heater 21 in the refrigerant heating type heating circuit is connected to the gas-liquid separator 23, the first indoor heat exchanger 24,
The refrigerant is then circulated again in the direction of arrow B to the refrigerant heater 21 to obtain a heating cycle of refrigerant heating through natural circulation, and a heating mode in which the capacity can be variably controlled, and a heating cycle of the cooling cycle and this refrigerant heating. Simultaneous operation can also be controlled.

In addition, the control device 39 receives the output of a temperature/humidity sensor 40 for indoor intake air attached to the front surface of the indoor heat exchanger 37,
Variably control the rotational speed of the indoor ventilation fan 35 and the amount of heat of the burner 20 in accordance with the detection output of the refrigerant temperature by a first temperature sensor 41 attached to a connecting pipe at the inlet of the first indoor heat exchanger 24. , a dry mode can be obtained, a full heating mode can be obtained by simultaneous operation of the heat pump heating mode and the heating heating mode, and a heating full mode can be obtained by alternately operating the dry mode and this heating full mode. When the drying mode is obtained, and in addition, when the heating operation starts, the operation starts from the heat pump heating mode, and after a certain period of time or after reaching a certain indoor temperature, the operation continues in the heat pump heating mode or switches to the heating heating mode. , or enter the heating full mode, and the configuration is such that a heating start-up mode or the like can be obtained that allows appropriate operation according to the settings.

In the above configuration, in the heating heating mode as main heating, the amount of heating heat can be varied according to the heat load by the variable heat amount type burner section 20, and the refrigerant is The liquid refrigerant in the heater 21 evaporates and rises like a bubble pump, and due to this pressure, the two-phase refrigerant, which is separated into two-phase refrigerant and liquid refrigerant by the diameter of the gas-liquid separator 23, is transferred to the indoor heat exchanger means. The heat is transferred to the first indoor heat exchanger 24 of No. 37, and the heat is radiated indoors in this part,
The refrigerant is circulated back to the refrigerant heater 21.

Here, if the indoor heat load is small, the amount of heat of the burner section 20 is reduced, and the amount of heat of the burner section 20 is controlled according to the heat load. By this control, the burner section 20 is turned 0N-O.
By reducing the frequency of FF operation, burner parts 20 such as oil burners
The built-in preheater turns off the supplied kerosene.
The power consumption time for preheating is limited to only the first time each time, and after that, the preheating heater can be replaced by the self-heated heat obtained from combustion, resulting in a reduction in the power consumption of the preheating heater. There is.

In addition, unlike conventional air conditioners, the heat transfer means uses natural circulation that does not require additional power such as compressors or pumps, which further reduces power consumption and improves overall running efficiency. It has the advantage of being low cost.

In addition, since the refrigerant-heating heating circuit is filled with a working fluid with a high boiling point, it is possible to obtain high-temperature hot air without having to control the indoor air volume and increase the pressure too much, giving a warm feeling of heating. Obtainable.

On the other hand, the cooling method basically operates in almost the same way as the conventional method, that is, it is obtained by operating the heat pump type heating/cooling circuit in the cooling mode.

Now, in the dry mode, the first indoor heat exchanger 24 is mainly used as a heating heat exchanger in the refrigerant heating type heating circuit, and the second indoor heat exchanger 36 is used as a heating and cooling type heat exchanger in the heat pump type heating and cooling circuit. Because each of these is used separately and independently, the second indoor heat exchanger 36 is used as a cooling heat exchanger for the heat pump type heating and cooling circuit, and the indoor air sucked in here is cooled and dehumidified. Then, it is heated again in the first indoor heat exchanger 24 and returned indoors to obtain a dry function.

Furthermore, the cooling capacity of the heat pump type heating/cooling circuit can be varied by the variable capacity compressor 25, and the heating capacity in the heating/heating mode using one refrigerant heating is also variable by the heat quantity variable type. Since the burner unit 20 can vary its capacity, it is possible to control the amount of heat for dehumidifying and reheating indoor air, or the ratio thereof, depending on the season or indoor temperature, resulting in precise air conditioning. It can be performed. In other words, winter l! # Humidity is achieved by setting the heating capacity higher than the cooling and dehumidifying capacity (to dehumidify with a slight heating effect, and in the middle of the season, keep the heating and cooling capacities to about the same level to dehumidify without changing the room temperature too much. In summer, the cooling capacity is increased to dehumidify, and when the room temperature is high, the heating function is stopped and the indoor ventilation fan 35 is controlled so that the indoor air volume is ultra-light, and only the cooling function is operated. This function allows you to change the quality of dehumidification depending on the season, indoor environment, or personal preference.

In addition, when used as a drying function regardless of the season,
By operating the drying mode, high-temperature air and the drying function of dehumidifying and reheating this sucked air can be operated alternately, so it is possible to speed up the drying speed of the items to be dried and reduce the amount of humidity in the room. By changing the above-mentioned alternate operation cycle and capacity according to the drying purpose, it is possible to operate according to the purpose of drying, and the degree of freedom in utilization can be expanded.

In addition, by adopting the heating start-up mode at the beginning of heating operation, it starts from the heat pump heating mode which starts up relatively quickly, so it is possible to demonstrate quick heating performance for about 5 to 10 minutes, and then By choice
For example, in severe cold weather, by switching to a heating mode that uses refrigerant heating, a room can be warmed up quickly with even higher heating capacity, creating a comfortable and warm space.

Effects of the Invention As is clear from the description of the embodiments above, the following effects can be expected from the refrigerant heating type air conditioner of the present invention.

(1) Since the heating mode of the refrigerant heating heating circuit using natural circulation and the heat pump heating mode of the heat pump heating and cooling circuit are configured, a wide range of heating capacity can be obtained, and the system can respond to the outside temperature and the size of the heat load. Allows for precise heating.

(2) The structure uses a high-boiling point working refrigerant in the refrigerant-heating heating circuit, which has a heat transfer means from the natural environment, and a low-boiling-point working fluid in the other heat pump heating circuit, so the outside temperature is low. In the cold season, the heating mode using refrigerant heating is activated, and as a result, heating with high-temperature air is possible.In areas with relatively high outside temperatures, the heat pump heating mode is activated, so Provides comfortable heating that matches the temperature and size of the room.

(3) By incorporating a dry mode operation and being able to change its operating capacity, it is possible to adjust the room temperature and humidity to a comfortable level throughout the year.

(4) Since it includes the operation of the II chamber full mode and its operating capacity can be varied, it can be used for heating during extremely cold weather or when the heat load suddenly increases. It becomes possible.

(5) Since the drying mode operation is included, when you want to dry laundry indoors, the heated warm air and the dehumidifying and reheating of the warm air are alternately added to speed up the drying.

(6) Since the heating start-up mode operation is included, by activating the heat pump heating mode, it is possible to solve the problem of poor start-up of heating, which was a disadvantage of oil combustion methods, especially at the beginning of heating. , comfortable part N heating can be obtained at an early stage along with full heating mode.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a refrigerant heating type air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a conventional hot water heating type air conditioner. 20... Burner part, 21... Refrigerant heater, 23... Gas-liquid separator, 24...
・First indoor heat exchanger, 25... Compressor, 26.
... Four-way valve, 29 ... Outdoor heat exchanger means, 34 ... Cooling/heating type expansion device means, 35 ...
- Indoor ventilation fan, 36... Second indoor heat exchanger, 37... Indoor heat exchanger means (indoor unit), 38
...Accumulator, 39...Control device.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A refrigerant heater heated by a variable heat quantity burner section, a gas-liquid separator, a first indoor heat exchanger, and the refrigerant heater are connected in sequence through a connecting pipe and sealed in the connecting pipe. A refrigerant-heating heating circuit configured to naturally circulate a refrigerant, a variable capacity compressor, a four-way valve, an outdoor heat exchanger means, an air-conditioning expander means, a second indoor heat exchanger, and the above. A heat pump type heating/cooling circuit configured such that a four-way valve, an accumulator, and the compressor are successively connected by a connecting pipe, and a refrigerant sealed in the connecting pipe is circulated, the first indoor heat exchanger, and the first indoor heat exchanger. An indoor unit consisting of a second indoor heat exchanger installed close to the indoor heat exchanger and a variable air volume indoor fan that sucks indoor air and stores the first and second indoor heat exchangers in an air passage. a cooling mode of cooling operation by operation of the heat pump type heating/cooling circuit, a heat pump heating mode of heating operation by operation of the heat pump type heating/cooling circuit, a heating/heating mode by operation of the refrigerant heating type heating circuit, and a combination of the cooling mode and the heating/heating mode. Execute and variably control a dry mode by combined operation, a heating full mode by combined operation of the heat pump heating mode and the heating heating mode, and a dry mode operation by alternating operation of the dry mode and the heating full mode. A refrigerant heating air conditioner equipped with a control device. (2) The control device operates the heat pump heating mode at the initial startup during heating operation, and after a certain period of time has passed, either operates the heating heating mode, continues operation of the heat pump heating mode, or operates the full heating mode. The refrigerant-heating air conditioner according to claim 1, further comprising operation control in a heating start-up mode.