JPH0475663A - Blood flow quantity control method - Google Patents
Blood flow quantity control methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0475663A JPH0475663A JP2191338A JP19133890A JPH0475663A JP H0475663 A JPH0475663 A JP H0475663A JP 2191338 A JP2191338 A JP 2191338A JP 19133890 A JP19133890 A JP 19133890A JP H0475663 A JPH0475663 A JP H0475663A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- blood
- pressure
- blood collection
- flow rate
- drop point
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 title claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 210000004204 blood vessel Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010241 blood sampling Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002615 hemofiltration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003146 anticoagulant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940127219 anticoagulant drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012503 blood component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001631 haemodialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000322 hemodialysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野］
本発明は血流量制御方法に係り、さらに詳しくは採血者
より血液を体外に導出するに当り、採血者より安定して
血液を適正な流量で採血することかてきる血流量制御方
法に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a blood flow rate control method, and more specifically, the present invention relates to a blood flow rate control method, and more specifically, when blood is led out of the body by a blood collector, the blood collector can stably control the blood at an appropriate flow rate. This invention relates to a blood flow control method that allows blood sampling.
本発明は、例えば、血漿交換療法、血液濾過療法等の各
種の体外治療の他、通常の献血の際に、安全且つ効率的
に使用することかできる。The present invention can be used safely and efficiently in various extracorporeal treatments such as plasma exchange therapy and hemofiltration therapy, as well as in normal blood donation.
［従来の技術］
従来より各種疾患の治療を目的として、血液透析療法、
血漿交換療法、血液濾過療法等の血液体外処理療法が行
なわれている。この療法は血液を送液ポンプあるいは落
差等の重力などの手段を用いて体外に導出して血液の浄
化等の処理を行なし１再び体内に血液を返す方法である
。本療法に於けるブラットアクセスとしては、初期の頃
におし１では体外に動静脈間のシャントを作成してし）
た力く、採血針の性能の向上により、体内に動静脈間の
シャントを作成しそこより採取血か行なえるようになっ
て来た。更に最近では、ＦＤＬカテーテル等の開発によ
り、体内にシャントを作成せずとも、静脈への単針の穿
針たけて、血漿交換療法、血液濾過療法などが行なえる
ようになってきた。このようなブラッドアクセスの進歩
により、近年ては血液処理が効率的に行なえるようにな
ってきた。又、最近では、治療を目的としない血液の成
分採血あるいは採漿などが健常者を対象として行なわれ
るようになってきた。[Conventional technology] Conventionally, hemodialysis therapy,
Extracorporeal blood processing therapies such as plasma exchange therapy and hemofiltration therapy are being performed. This therapy is a method in which blood is drawn out of the body using means such as a liquid pump or gravity such as a drop, the blood is purified, etc., and then the blood is returned to the body. As for brat access in this therapy, in the early stages, an arteriovenous shunt was created outside the body in Oshii 1).
With the rapid improvement in the performance of blood collection needles, it has become possible to create arteriovenous shunts within the body and collect blood from there. Furthermore, recently, with the development of FDL catheters and the like, it has become possible to perform plasma exchange therapy, hemofiltration therapy, etc. by puncturing a vein with a single needle without creating a shunt in the body. Due to such advances in blood access, blood processing has become more efficient in recent years. In addition, recently, blood component collection or plasma collection for non-therapeutic purposes has begun to be performed on healthy individuals.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］
このような状況から、ボランティアである健常者および
患者などの採血者から安全に血液を体外に導出し、再び
返血する重要性か唱われているか、実際には治療の時と
同様に、効率的に血液を処理することに重点が置かれて
いるのか現状である。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In light of this situation, it is important to know whether the importance of safely extracting blood from blood collectors such as healthy volunteers and patients and returning it again has been advocated, and whether this is actually the case. At present, the focus is on efficiently processing blood, just as in treatment.
特に、採血者から安定して、しかも適正な採血流量を確
保することは、採血者の安全確保の点からも、また上記
したような治療をより普及させる意味からも極めて重要
な事項であるが、未だ確立した手法が見出されていない
のか現状である。In particular, securing a stable and appropriate amount of blood to be collected from the person collecting blood is extremely important, both from the standpoint of ensuring the safety of the person collecting blood and from the perspective of further disseminating the above-mentioned treatments. Currently, no established method has been found.
［課題を解決するための手段］
従って本発明は、採血者から安定して、しかも適正な採
血流量を確保するため、採血者からの血液を導出する血
液導出回路の閉塞を防止し得る血流量制御方法を提供す
ることを目的とするものである。[Means for Solving the Problems] Therefore, in order to ensure a stable and appropriate blood flow rate from a blood collector, the present invention provides a blood flow rate that can prevent occlusion of a blood lead-out circuit that leads blood from a blood collector. The purpose is to provide a control method.
すなわち、本発明によれば、採血者より血液を体外に導
出するに当り、予め血液導出回路内の圧力を計測するこ
とにより急激に圧力が低下し血管か閉塞状態へと進行す
る圧力降下点を見出し１次いでこの圧力降下点の圧力の
４０〜９５％に該血液導出回路内圧力を制御することを
特徴とする血流量制御方法、か提供される。That is, according to the present invention, when blood is drawn out of the body from a person collecting blood, the pressure in the blood drawing circuit is measured in advance to detect the pressure drop point where the pressure suddenly decreases and the blood vessel becomes occluded. Heading 1: There is provided a blood flow control method characterized in that the pressure within the blood delivery circuit is then controlled to 40 to 95% of the pressure at this pressure drop point.
［作用］
本発明は、採血者より採血ポンプを使用して体外に血液
を導出する際に、適正な血流量を安定して、且つ安全に
採血する血流量の制御方法である。[Operation] The present invention is a blood flow control method for stably and safely collecting blood at an appropriate blood flow rate when blood is drawn out of the body by a blood collector using a blood collection pump.
すなわち、血液の導出回路に制御部を接続して採血中の
導出回路内の圧力を測定し、その圧力より単位時間当り
の圧力変動△Ｐを計算し、この圧力変動△Ｐに基づいて
次に発生する導出回路内の圧力を予測する。この操作を
繰り返すことにより、導出回路内の圧力が急激に低下す
る圧力降下点を見出することがてきる。That is, the control unit is connected to the blood extraction circuit, the pressure in the extraction circuit is measured during blood collection, the pressure fluctuation △P per unit time is calculated from the pressure, and the next step is performed based on this pressure fluctuation △P. Predict the pressure that will occur in the derivation circuit. By repeating this operation, it is possible to find a pressure drop point where the pressure in the derivation circuit suddenly decreases.
次に、更に具体的に圧力降下点の見出し方法について述
べる。Next, a method for finding the pressure drop point will be described in more detail.
採血時の圧力は、回路内抵抗（針部を含む）および血管
内抵抗の２つの要素から発生する。Pressure during blood collection is generated from two elements: resistance within the circuit (including the needle) and resistance within the blood vessel.
その発生のメカニズムは次のようになる。The mechanism of its occurrence is as follows.
即ち、Ｑ、（採血流量）＝Ｑｖ （血管内面流量）の場
合には、示される圧力としては回路内抵抗のみか観察さ
れる。従って、採血時の圧力は回路内圧構分の圧力低下
後一定値となる。That is, when Q, (collected blood flow rate) = Qv (blood vessel inner surface flow rate), only the resistance within the circuit is observed as the indicated pressure. Therefore, the pressure during blood collection becomes a constant value after the pressure of the circuit internal pressure component decreases.
次に、Ｑａ ＞Ｑｖ （僅増時）の場合、単位時間当
りの圧力変動△Ｐが少ないときには血管は閉塞すること
なく扁平化した状態で推移する。このときの圧力変動△
Ｐは所定値以下であることが必要である。Next, in the case of Qa > Qv (slight increase), when the pressure fluctuation ΔP per unit time is small, the blood vessel remains flat without being occluded. Pressure fluctuation at this time △
P needs to be less than or equal to a predetermined value.
さらにＱ ａ ＞＞ Ｑ ｖ （Ｑ ａがＱｖより極
めて大）のときには圧力は急激に低下し、単位時間当り
の圧力変動△Ｐが所定値を超え、血管の閉塞が生じるこ
とこととなる。Further, when Q a >> Q v (Q a is extremely larger than Qv), the pressure drops rapidly, the pressure fluctuation ΔP per unit time exceeds a predetermined value, and blood vessel occlusion occurs.
この圧力降下点を血管の完全閉塞開始時点と判定する。This pressure drop point is determined to be the point at which complete occlusion of the blood vessel begins.
本発明では、この圧力降下点における圧力を血管の閉塞
指櫟として、その圧力の４０〜９５％、好ましくは６０
〜８０％に導出回路の制御目標圧力を設定し、血管の閉
塞を来すことなく安定して血流量を確保する。In the present invention, the pressure at this pressure drop point is taken as the blood vessel occlusion index, and 40 to 95% of the pressure, preferably 60% of the pressure
The control target pressure of the derivation circuit is set to ~80% to ensure stable blood flow without occlusion of blood vessels.
導出回路の圧力を前記範囲より高くして採血者より血液
を導出すると、血管の閉塞を来し、また導出回路の圧力
を前記範囲より低くした場合には、採血流量か少なくな
り短時間に適正量の採血を行なうことかできない。If blood is drawn out from the person collecting blood by setting the pressure in the drawing circuit higher than the above range, occlusion of the blood vessel will occur, and if the pressure in the drawing circuit is lower than the above range, the blood volume to be drawn will decrease and the blood will be collected properly in a short time. It is not possible to draw a large amount of blood.
［実施例］
次いで、本発明を実施例に基づいて更に詳細に説明する
が、本発明はこれらの実施例に限られるものではない。[Examples] Next, the present invention will be described in more detail based on Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples.
第１図は本発明の血流量制御方法を有効性を確認するた
めの水による実験回路を示す模式図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an experimental circuit using water for confirming the effectiveness of the blood flow control method of the present invention.
図において、■は循環ポンプ、２はゴム製の疑似血管、
３は水槽を示しており、循環ポンプｌにより回路４内を
水が循環するように構成されている。疑似血管２には採
血針５か穿刺され、疑似血管２内から導出回路７を介し
て採血ポンプ６により所定流量の水か採取されるように
なっている。In the figure, ■ is a circulation pump, 2 is a rubber pseudo blood vessel,
Reference numeral 3 designates a water tank, which is configured such that water is circulated within the circuit 4 by a circulation pump l. A blood sampling needle 5 is inserted into the pseudo blood vessel 2, and a predetermined flow rate of water is collected from the pseudo blood vessel 2 via a lead-out circuit 7 with a blood sampling pump 6.
また、導出回路７内圧力は圧力検出手段８によって検出
され、この圧力値は図示しない制御部に送られ、制御部
において単位時間当りの圧力変動△Ｐか計算され、記録
計９に記録される。Further, the pressure inside the derivation circuit 7 is detected by the pressure detection means 8, and this pressure value is sent to a control section (not shown), where the pressure fluctuation ΔP per unit time is calculated and recorded on the recorder 9. .
以上の構成において、疑似血管２内に一定流量（６０＋
ｓｌ／１ｉｎ）の水を流通させるとともに、その疑似血
管２に採血針５を穿刺し、採血ポンプ６によって過大な
流量（１００ｍｌ／■ｉｎ）を負荷した際の採血圧力と
採血流量の関係を第２図に示す。In the above configuration, a constant flow rate (60+
The relationship between the blood sampling force and the blood sampling volume when a blood sampling needle 5 is punctured into the pseudo blood vessel 2 and an excessive flow rate (100 ml/■in) is applied by the blood sampling pump 6 is as follows. Shown in Figure 2.
流量１００ｍ１／ｗｉｎて採血ポンプ６を作動させた時
第２図のＡに示すように、導出回路７内の圧力はたんた
んと低下し、ある時点に達すると急激に圧力か低下する
圧力降下点か出現した。この場合圧力降下点の出現した
圧力は７０ ｍｍＨｇであった。When the blood collection pump 6 is operated with a flow rate of 100 m1/win, as shown in A of Fig. 2, the pressure inside the derivation circuit 7 immediately decreases, and when it reaches a certain point, a pressure drop point appears where the pressure suddenly decreases. did. In this case, the pressure at which the pressure drop point appeared was 70 mmHg.
次に、その圧力を指櫟とし、該圧力の７０％を維持する
ように採血ポンプ６を作動させたところ、第２図のＢに
示すように、採血ポンプ流量は約６０ｍ１／ｗｉｎを示
し、安定して採血ポンプ６が作動した。Next, using this pressure as an indicator, the blood collection pump 6 was operated to maintain 70% of the pressure, and as shown in B in FIG. 2, the blood collection pump flow rate was approximately 60 m1/win. The blood collection pump 6 operated stably.
（実施例２） 次に、本血流量制御方法による臨床例を示す。(Example 2) Next, a clinical example using this blood flow control method will be shown.
臨床には本制御方法を組み込んだ血漿成分採血装置（ト
ネックス１００（ウベ循研製））を使用した。臨床時、
ドナーの採血流量は８０ ＋ｓｌ／ｗｉｎに設定して血
漿の採取を実施した。In clinical practice, a plasma component blood sampling device (Tonex 100 (manufactured by Ube Kinuken)) incorporating this control method was used. At clinical time,
The donor's blood flow rate was set to 80 + sl/win, and plasma was collected.
回路構成を第３図に示す。The circuit configuration is shown in Figure 3.
図において、ドナーｌＯから採血された血液はＡＣＤポ
ンプ１１により採血量に対し一定の比率で送液される抗
凝固剤と混合した後、採・返血ポンプ１２により貯血バ
ッグ１３に一旦貯留される。貯血バッグ１３に貯留され
た血液は、循環ポンプ１４によって血漿分離モジュール
１５に送られ、血漿の一部を採取される。そして、採取
された血漿は、採漿ポンプ１６により血漿バッグ１７に
貯えられる。In the figure, blood collected from a donor IO is mixed with an anticoagulant that is delivered at a fixed ratio to the amount of blood collected by an ACD pump 11, and then temporarily stored in a blood storage bag 13 by a blood collection/return pump 12. . The blood stored in the blood storage bag 13 is sent to the plasma separation module 15 by the circulation pump 14, and a portion of the plasma is collected. The collected plasma is then stored in a plasma bag 17 by the plasma collection pump 16.
この血漿採取の制御状況を第４図に示す。図中Ｒ１は採
血流量を、ＰＶは圧力を示す。The control status of this plasma collection is shown in FIG. In the figure, R1 indicates the blood collection volume, and PV indicates the pressure.
採血流量は採血開始後、設定流量（８０ｍｌ／■ｉｎ）
に向って上昇し、採血開始１分後には８０ｍ１／■ｉｎ
に採血流量は到達したか、開始２．６分後には圧力の低
下か検出され（検出時圧カーｌｏｏｍｓＨｇ） 、検出
した圧力の７０％を目標圧力値（−７０膳璽Ｈｇ）とし
て制御に入ったところ、採血流量は７０１／■ｉｎと定
常作動した。The blood collection volume is set at the set flow rate (80ml/■in) after starting blood collection.
80 m1/■in 1 minute after the start of blood collection.
2.6 minutes after the start, a drop in pressure was detected (pressure room Hg at the time of detection), and control was entered with 70% of the detected pressure as the target pressure value (-70 mHg). As a result, the blood flow rate was 701/inch, which was a steady operation.
以上のように、本制御方法は臨床においても良好に制御
し得、適正な流量を確保できた。As described above, this control method was able to perform good control even in clinical settings, and ensured an appropriate flow rate.
［発明の効果］
以上説明したように、本発明の血流量制御方法によれば
、予め血液導出回路内の圧力を計測して圧力降下点を見
出した後、圧力降下点の圧力の所定の範囲に血液導出回
路内圧力を制御するようにしたので、血管の閉塞を来す
ことなく安定して、しかも適正な採血流量を確保するこ
とかできる。[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the blood flow control method of the present invention, after measuring the pressure in the blood derivation circuit in advance to find the pressure drop point, the pressure drop point is determined within a predetermined range of pressure. Since the pressure within the blood lead-out circuit is controlled, a stable and appropriate blood flow rate can be ensured without causing occlusion of the blood vessel.
第１図は本発明の血流量制御方法を有効性を確認するた
めの水による実験回路を示す模式図、第２図は採血圧力
と採血流量の関係を示したグラフ、第３図は本発明の血
流量制御方法を用いた血漿採取回路の模式図、第４図は
本発明の血流量制御方法を用いた血漿採取回路の制御状
況を示すグラフである。
１−・・循環ポンプ、２・・・疑似血管、３・・・水槽
、４・・・回路、５・・・採血針、６・軸採血ポンプ、
７−・・導出回路、８・・・圧力検出手段、９・・・記
録計、Ｒ１・・・採血流量、ｐｖ−・・圧力。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an experimental circuit using water to confirm the effectiveness of the blood flow control method of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between blood sampling force and blood sampling volume, and Fig. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between blood sampling force and blood sampling volume. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a plasma collection circuit using the blood flow control method of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a graph showing the control status of the plasma collection circuit using the blood flow control method of the present invention. 1 - Circulation pump, 2 - Pseudo blood vessel, 3 - Water tank, 4 - Circuit, 5 - Blood collection needle, 6 - Shaft blood collection pump,
7--Derivation circuit, 8--Pressure detection means, 9--Recorder, R1--Blood collection volume, pv--Pressure.
Claims (1)
液導出回路内の圧力を計測することにより急激に圧力が
低下し血管が閉塞状態へと進行する圧力降下点を見出し
、次いでこの圧力降下点の圧力の４０〜９５％に該血液
導出回路内圧力を制御することを特徴とする血流量制御
方法。(1) Before drawing blood out of the body from the person collecting the blood, we measure the pressure in the blood drawing circuit in advance to find the pressure drop point at which the pressure suddenly drops and the blood vessel progresses to a state of occlusion. A blood flow control method characterized by controlling the pressure within the blood derivation circuit to 40 to 95% of the pressure at the drop point.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2191338A JP2857676B2 (en) | 1990-07-19 | 1990-07-19 | Plasma component blood sampling device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2191338A JP2857676B2 (en) | 1990-07-19 | 1990-07-19 | Plasma component blood sampling device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0475663A true JPH0475663A (en) | 1992-03-10 |
| JP2857676B2 JP2857676B2 (en) | 1999-02-17 |
Family
ID=16272903
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2191338A Expired - Lifetime JP2857676B2 (en) | 1990-07-19 | 1990-07-19 | Plasma component blood sampling device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2857676B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006090706A1 (en) * | 2005-02-22 | 2006-08-31 | Kaneka Corporation | Contrast agent-removal system and method of activating the contrast agent-removal system |
| JP2006263455A (en) * | 2005-02-22 | 2006-10-05 | Kaneka Corp | Contrast medium removing system |
| JP2007089768A (en) * | 2005-09-28 | 2007-04-12 | Kaneka Corp | Contrast agent-removal system |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61502516A (en) * | 1984-06-29 | 1986-11-06 | バクスター・インターナショナル・インコーポレーテッド | Blood flow control device for blood extraction and reinfusion |
| JPH0249661A (en) * | 1988-06-01 | 1990-02-20 | Akzo Nv | Apparatus for collecting optimum quantity of blood for unit time from blood donor |
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1990
- 1990-07-19 JP JP2191338A patent/JP2857676B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61502516A (en) * | 1984-06-29 | 1986-11-06 | バクスター・インターナショナル・インコーポレーテッド | Blood flow control device for blood extraction and reinfusion |
| JPH0249661A (en) * | 1988-06-01 | 1990-02-20 | Akzo Nv | Apparatus for collecting optimum quantity of blood for unit time from blood donor |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006090706A1 (en) * | 2005-02-22 | 2006-08-31 | Kaneka Corporation | Contrast agent-removal system and method of activating the contrast agent-removal system |
| JP2006263455A (en) * | 2005-02-22 | 2006-10-05 | Kaneka Corp | Contrast medium removing system |
| JP2007089768A (en) * | 2005-09-28 | 2007-04-12 | Kaneka Corp | Contrast agent-removal system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2857676B2 (en) | 1999-02-17 |
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