JPH0472103B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a waterproof packing. More specifically, the present invention relates to a water-stop packing suitably used in places where water-stopping is required, such as pipe connections, seals of hydraulic equipment, and seals of tunnel segments. [Prior Art] Water-stop gaskets have conventionally come in various forms, one example of which is a rubber gasket with a square cross section. To attach such a water-stop gasket Z to a water-stop location, compress it by tightening it with a bolt or nut in the thickness direction (T ₀ → T ₁ ) as shown in Fig. Expanding its width (W ₀ → W ₁ ) from the normal dimension shown to the compressed dimension shown by the solid line,
Attach it closely to the wall where the water stops. Stress is generated at the end of the seal attached in this way, which seals the water stop location. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the conventional waterproof gasket Z has the following drawbacks. Since the seal cannot be sealed unless the width of the packing is at least larger than the width of the gap, the range that can be sealed is small. When used for a long period of time, the sealing performance deteriorates due to the stress relaxation phenomenon caused by compression. If the gap between the water stop points widens for some reason, it will no longer be possible to seal as there is no automatic sealing function. Since a large force is required to compress the packing in the thickness direction, a large number of bolts are required for tightening, and if the number is reduced, large diameter bolts are required, resulting in a large-scale configuration. It also becomes difficult to work. Individual differences between workers are likely to occur in installation. In view of the above circumstances, the present invention solves all of the above-mentioned problems, has a wide sealable range, can withstand long-term use, maintains a seal even when the water stop area widens, and is easy to install. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a waterproof packing with good workability. [Means for Solving the Problems] The water-stop gasket of the present invention includes a lip gasket for water-stopping that has two lips extending in a V-shape, and a lip gasket that has a pair of lips that extend in a V-shape. a lip packing for holding having a lip; a swelling member having a substantially square cross section manufactured separately from the two lip packings from a water-swellable material; the lip packing for water stopping; the swelling member; and the holding. a restraining member for restraining the lip gaskets for use so as not to be separated from each other in that order, and the swelling member contacts the flat inner surface of the lip of the water stopper and retaining lip gaskets only at the corners thereof, respectively. It is characterized by being arranged so that they can touch each other. Note that the V-shape mentioned in the claims includes two lips with a U-shaped cutout or a flat part at the base, or a lip with a rounded tip. This concept includes all cases in which the inner surfaces of two lips are approximately V-shaped. The water-stopping lip seal of the present invention seals by pressing its lip against the wall surface of the water-stopping area, and the swelling part swells by absorbing water leakage, increasing its volume. By increasing the pressure, pressure is applied to the lip of the lip packing to cause it to bend outward. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain a constant distance between the lip seal and the swelling member, and to arrange the lip seal so that the swelling pressure of the swelling member is effectively applied to the lip seal. Therefore, a separate holding lip packing is used on the side of the swelling member that is not in contact with the water-stopping lip packing, and the swelling member is arranged between the holding lip packing and the water-stopping lip packing. In order to restrain these three members, bolts, nuts, flanges, etc. are used as restraining members. The retaining gasket only needs to be able to prevent the swelling member from escaping, that is, to obtain swelling pressure.Since it does not necessarily require a sealing function itself, it may have the same shape as the water-stopping lip gasket, but it may have a different shape. It may be of. The water-stopping and retaining lip gaskets each employ a V-shaped lip gasket having two lips. Further, the swelling member has a corner portion formed at a location where it comes into contact with the flat inner surface of the lip so that it can easily apply pressure in a direction to spread the lip of the lip packing outward. Therefore, the cross-sectional shape becomes rectangular. As for the overall shape of the water stop packing, a rod-like one or an endlessly connected one is appropriately used depending on the shape of the water stop part. The shape of things that are endlessly connected,
In addition to circular or rectangular frame shapes, freely deformed types can also be used. [Function] In the present invention, under normal conditions, the water-stopping lip gasket functions similarly to a general lip gasket to prevent water leakage. If the gap between the water-stopping parts expands for some reason after the water-stopping gasket of the present invention is installed, the self-sealing action will be performed as follows. That is, when water leaks from the expanded gap, the swelling member absorbs the leakage, expands, and increases its volume.
The swelling member has a fixed relative position to the water-stopping and retaining lip packing, and its corners are in contact with the flat inner surface of the lip, so the expansion pressure of the swelling member caused by water absorption is effectively applied. It acts to bend the lips of both lip seals outward. For example, it acts to widen the angle between two V-shaped lips. As a result, the tip of the lip is again brought into close contact with the wall surface of the water stop location, and the inner surface of the lip receives water immersion pressure, which further strengthens the pressing force of the lip against the wall surface and restores the sealing force. In this way, the present invention can automatically prevent water leakage. The swelling member is surrounded by water-stopping lip packing and retaining packing, and is restrained in its normal state, so it does not leak to the outside, and even if the swelling member itself expands, A sealing action is performed. As described above, according to the present invention, the secondary water stop is automatically performed when the gap between the seal parts widens, so there is no need to retighten the seal each time. [Example] Next, an example of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a water-stop gasket A according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the installed state of the water-stop gasket A, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the water-stop gasket A shown in FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the lip pressing action by the swelling member. FIG. An explanatory diagram showing an example in which water packing is used at the end of a pipe, Fig. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an example in which it is used in an underground cable pipe, Fig. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing an example in which it is used in water pressure equipment, and Fig. 9 Figures 1 to 11 are cross-sectional views showing various cross-sectional shapes of the lip packings 1 and 2. First, the waterproof packing A will be explained based on FIGS. 1 to 4. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 designates a retaining lip gasket, 2 a water-stopping lip gasket, and 3 a ring-shaped swelling member. The swelling member 3 is sandwiched between two lip packings 1 and 2, and these three members are tightened with the necessary number of bolts 6 and nuts 7 via tightening plates 4 and 5. ing. Note that the retaining lip gasket 1 does not have to have the same shape as the water-stopping lip gasket 2, but in this embodiment, in order to reduce manufacturing costs,
It is composed of isomorphic lippackins. Details of such water-stop packing A are shown in FIG. 3. Note that this figure is shown as a sectional view of a portion of the water-stop gasket A shown in FIG. 1 through which the bolt 6 is inserted. Both of the lip gaskets 1 and 2 are V-shaped lip gaskets in which two lips 1a and 2a extend in a V-shape. Both of the lip gaskets 1 and 2 are required to be made of a material that is highly elastically deformable, such as various types of rubber. The rubber used preferably conforms to JIS K 6353 "Rubber for Water Supply" Class 1 A, such as natural rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, urethane, thermoplastic elastomer, CSM, ethylene-propylene rubber, etc. Polymers and the like are suitable. The lips 1a, 2a are lip packings 1, 2.
The cross-sectional shape is preferably an acute triangular shape so that the tip side has good elastic deformability and the base side has a certain degree of rigidity. Note that the outer circumferential surface and the inner circumferential surface may be linear or may be curved to some extent. Furthermore, Lips 1a, 2
The tip of a may have an acute shape, but may also have a round or flat shape. The size of the lips 1a and 2a is such that they can exert sufficient pressure on the wall surface.
It only needs to be large enough to adhere to the wall surface.
Appropriate selection is made depending on the material of the lip and the location to which it is applied. The swelling agent 3 has a substantially rectangular cross section so as to have corners 3a that abut the lips 1a and 2a of the lip packings 1 and 2, respectively, and has four corners 3a. It is preferable that the intersecting angle (θ ₁ ) of the two sides forming each corner 3a is larger than the opening angle (θ ₂ ) of the two lips 2a of the lip packing 2. Note that ribs 11 and 12 are formed on the outer and inner circumferential sides of the swelling member 3, but the ribs 11 and 12 may or may not be provided, and their cross-sectional shape is also semicircular as shown in the figure. It is not limited to this, and a square shape may also be used. As a material for the swelling member 3, a mixture of a water-absorbing resin and other synthetic resin or rubber, or an absorbing urethane or other absorbing and expanding material is used. Examples of the superabsorbent resin include vinyl alcohol-acrylate copolymer, acrylic acid-
Specific examples include, but are not limited to, acrylic ester copolymers, saponified polyacrylonitrile products, starch-acrylonitrile graft copolymers, starch-acrylic acid copolymers, and isoptylene-maleic anhydride copolymers. It's not something you can do. The superabsorbent resin may be used alone or in a mixture of two or more, but
When vinyl alcohol-acrylate copolymer, acrylic acid-acrylic acid ester copolymer, isobutylene-maleic anhydride copolymer, etc. are used alone or in combination, high water absorption properties can be achieved even during repeated use of drying and water absorption. It is preferable because it lasts long. Other synthetic resins and rubbers to be mixed include, for example, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyurethane, sterene-butadiene rubber, natural rubber, butadiene rubber, thermoplastic elastomer,
CSM, ethylene-propylene-terpolymer
Examples include EPT and other synthetic rubbers. The amount of other synthetic resins and rubbers must be suppressed to an extent that does not significantly impair the volumetric expansion ability of the superabsorbent resin, for example, such that the volumetric expansion ratio of the swelling member 3 is approximately twice or more. The blending ratio is other synthetic resin and rubber.
The amount is 10 to 300 parts, preferably 20 to 150 parts, of the superabsorbent resin per 100 parts (parts by weight, hereinafter the same). The swelling member 3 has four corners 3a with lips 1.
It is arranged so as to be in contact with the flat inner surfaces of a and 2a. By doing so, when installed, the V-shaped lips 1a and 2a are each pushed outward and come into close contact with both wall surfaces of the water cutoff location. Furthermore, when the swelling member 3 absorbs water leakage and expands, the corner portion 3a applies pressure concentrated slightly on the root side of the lips 1a, 2a rather than the tips of the lips 1a, 2a.
The tip part of 2a is effectively pressed against the wall surface. The opening angle (θ ₂ ) of lip 2a is
Since the angle a is smaller than the angle θ ₁ , there is a greater margin for the lip 2a to expand outward when the swelling member 3 expands. In addition, in order to effectively exert such a pressing force, the swelling member 3 has a diameter of 30~
A hardness of 80Hs, especially a hardness of 40 to 60Hs is used. In order to obtain sufficient swelling pressure of the swelling member 3, even when the swelling member 3 absorbs water and expands and completely fills the space between the two lip packings 1 and 2, it still has water absorption ability. It is required to have a volume of The preferred volume varies depending on the maximum expansion ratio of the swelling member 3, but the volume when expanded to the maximum is the two lip packings 1 and 2.
It needs to be larger than the space between, preferably 2 to 15 times. Note that the lip packkin 1,
2 and the swelling member 3 are provided with insertion holes at several locations in the circumferential direction, through which bolts 6 are inserted. A tightening plate 5 is attached to one end of the bolt 6 by welding or other means, and a nut 7 can be screwed to the other end via the tightening plate 4. By tightening the nuts 7 on the bolts 6, the water-stop packing A consisting of the lip packings 1 and 2 and the swelling member 3 is assembled into one body. In addition, by tightening the nut 7, adjust the opening angle (θ ₂ ) of each lip 1a, 2a at the corner 3a of the swelling member 3, and adjust the packing width to match the gap between the walls where the water-stop packing A is to be inserted. can be adjusted. Next, an example of use of the water stop packing A of this embodiment will be explained based on FIGS. 2 to 4. Fig. 2 shows an aging existing pipe _P1 and a new pipe _P2 inserted into the existing water pipe. The new pipe _P2 is provided to prevent water from leaking from the damaged part 13 of the existing pipe _P1 , which has a hole or the like.
In such usage examples, water stopper A is a new pipe.
It is installed between the outer periphery of the new pipe _{P 2 and} the inner periphery of the existing pipe P ₁ at both ends of P 2. As a specific installation operation, the lip packing 2 and the swelling member 3 are inserted into the tightening plate 5 and the bolt 6, and in this state, they are inserted between the existing pipe _P1 and the new pipe _P2 . Next, lip packing 1 and tightening plate 4
This can be done by passing the bolts 6 through them in this order and tightening the nuts 7. If this work is done on both ends of the new pipe _P2 , the water stop gasket A will be formed as shown in Figure 2.
installation is completed. The space surrounded by the two water-stop gaskets A, the existing pipe _P1 , and the new pipe _P2 is filled with mortar or the like as necessary. FIG. 3 shows an enlarged cross-section of the water-stop gasket A installed in this manner. By appropriately tightening the nuts 7, the lips 1a and 2a of the lip packings 1 and 2 are pressed against the corners 3a of the swelling member 3, which has considerable hardness, and their tips are attached to the inner periphery of the existing pipe _P1 and the new pipe. It is pressed against the outer circumference of _P2 . Because the lip seals 1 and 2 are made of rubber, the spreading of the lips _1a and _2a due to the tightening of the nut 7 can be done quite freely. Even if it is small, it can be sealed with the same waterproof gasket A. For example, the inner diameter of existing space P ₁ is 900
mm, if the outer diameter of the new pipe P ₂ is 800 mm and the diameter difference is 100 mm, the width (w) is 35 mm, the length (1) is 50 mm, and the opening angle (θ) of the two lips 2a is 35 degrees. A water stop packing consisting of lip packings 1 and 2 can seal the gap d in the range of 35 to 50 mm. In that case, the width of the clamping plates 4 and 5 may be made slightly smaller than 35 mm. Furthermore, the lips 1a and 2a themselves have appropriate elasticity, and when the expansion action of the swelling member 3 is added, the outer periphery of the new pipe _P2 , especially the inner periphery of the existing pipe _P1 , becomes uneven. Even if some deformation occurs, the deformation adapts to the deformation, so that good sealing performance can be achieved. For example, if the diameter difference is 100 mm, it can cover deformation up to ±8 mm. When the water stop packing A is attached as described above, water can be stopped between the existing pipe _P1 and the new pipe _P2 . Next, a case where an external force is applied to the existing pipe _P1 causes it to bend or deform, or where the gap d widens due to various causes will be explained with reference to FIG. Note that this figure shows a cross section without the bolt 6 inserted for ease of understanding. As mentioned above, if the gap d widens, water leakage will increase.
a and invades the space between the lip packings 1 and 2. The water is absorbed by the swelling member 3, and the swelling member 3 expands according to the amount of water absorbed. Swelling member 3
When the corner portions 3a expand in the directions of the arrows, they press the portions of the lips 1a, 2a that are slightly closer to the base than the tips of the lips 1a, 2a at a substantially right angle to the inner surfaces of the lips 1a, 2a. Like that Lip 1a, 2a
Since the pressing force acts along the direction in which the lips should be bent, there is an advantage that the expansion of the lips 1a and 2a is carried out sensitively to water leakage. In any case, when the lips 1a and 2a are subjected to the pressing force in this way, the outer peripheral surfaces of their tip portions are brought into close contact with the inner periphery of the existing pipe _P1 and the outer periphery of the new pipe _P2 with a certain width, so that water leakage is prevented. It will stop happening soon. In particular, the higher the pressure of the internal fluid, the more strongly the lip packing 2 receives the high pressure on the inner surface of the lip 2a and is bent outward, creating a self-sealing action that provides a strong seal, so it has a very high sealing function. be. In this way, all the water that enters before the lips 1a and 2a are pressed is absorbed by the swelling member 3, and in the structure where the swelling member 3 has the ribs 11 and 12, the rib 1
The expansion of lips 1a and 12 also closes the inner circumference of the existing pipe _P1 and the outer circumference of the new pipe _P2 .
Even if 2a is pressed strongly against the wall, water will not leak. Even after the lips 1a and 2a are pressed against the wall surface, the swelling member 3 still has enough volume to have a considerable water absorption capacity (i.e., volumetric expansion capacity), so even if the water pressure increases and further water infiltrates. Even if the swelling member 3 absorbs the water, the expansion pressure is further increased, thereby preventing water leakage. The water-stop packing A of this embodiment can be attached to the connecting portions of pipes of various diameters by changing its diameter. For example, the outer pipe (existing pipe), inner pipe (new pipe), inner diameter, and outer diameter that can be suitably used are as shown in the following table (Table 1), but they are not limited to this, and include smaller pipes or larger pipes. It can also be applied to

[Table] A water stop test of the water stop packing A of this example was conducted under the following conditions for the usage pattern shown in FIG. The inner diameter of the outer pipe (existing pipe P ₁ ) is 1000 mm, the outer diameter of the inner pipe (new pipe P ₂ ) is 900 mm, the width of the clamping plates 4 and 5 of the lip packings 1 and 2 is 300 mm, and the width of the surface of the swelling member 3 is removed.
40×25mm, length between inner surfaces of tightening plates 4 and 5 side 120mm,
The material of the lip packings 1 and 2 is styrene-butadiene rubber with a hardness of 65 Hs, and the material of the swelling member 3 is rubber with a swelling ratio of +1000. Outer pipe _P1 is a cast iron pipe with no machine finish on the inside. 1 inside the outer tube P ₁ under the above conditions.
A water pressure of Kg/cm ² was applied for 30 minutes, but no water leakage occurred during that time. Then increase the water pressure to 5Kg/cm ²
The temperature was raised to 10 kg/cm ² and maintained for 30 minutes, and then maintained at 10 kg/cm 2 for 30 minutes and 20 kg/cm ² for 1 hour, but no water leakage occurred in either case. Next, other usage examples of the water stop packing of the present invention will be explained based on FIGS. 5 to 8. FIG. 5 shows a pipe P ₃ and a pipe P ₄ screwed together. tube
A flange F ₁ is formed on P ₄ , and a bolt/
A retaining ring _R1 is attached by a nut _B1 . The water stopper A ₁ is housed between the flange F ₁ and the retainer ring R ₁ and is fixed by the retainer ring R ₁ . In such use cases,
The tightening plates 4, 5, bolts 6, and nuts 7 are not required for the water stop packing _A1 . Water leakage from the threaded part _S1 , which is the connecting part between pipes _P3 and _P4 , should be prevented by the water stopper.
Water is stopped by A ₁ . In FIG. 6 the end of tube _P5 is shown. Pipe P ₅
A blind cover _F3 is attached to the flange _F2 with bolts and nuts _B2 , and a water stopper _A2 is arranged between the flange _F2 and the blind cover _F3 . In this usage example as well, the water-stop gasket A ₂ is fixed by the pressing force of the blind lid F ₃ to stop water leakage from inside the pipe P ₅ . FIG. 7 shows an underground cable pipe P ₆ through which one communication cable C ₁ is inserted.
A water stopper A ₃ is attached to the end of the underground cable pipe P ₆ to prevent water from entering from the outside. Waterproof packing A ₃ in this usage example
In order to make installation easier, a half-circle bisected one is also used. FIG. 8 shows a hydraulic cylinder as a representative example of hydraulic equipment. R ₂ is cylinder rod, H ₁
is the cylinder head, and _C2 is the cylinder cover.
The water-stop gasket A ₄ is housed between the cylinder head H ₁ and the cylinder cover C ₂ , and the cylinder cover C ₂
is fixed. In this usage example, the water intake gasket
_A4 prevents water from leaking from the gap between cylinder head _H1 and cylinder rod _R2 . Various usage examples of the water-stop packing of the present invention have been described above with reference to the drawings, but the usage of the present invention is not limited to this, but can also be used for joints of tunnel segments related to civil engineering and construction. . Furthermore, the water-stop gasket of the present invention is not limited to being used in a ring shape, but can also be used in a linear shape. Examples of such uses include sealing between caissons in underground utility ditches. In the embodiments described above, the lip packings 1 and 2 both have a V-block cross-sectional shape, but the shape is not limited to this, and the following shapes can also be adopted. For example, in the lip packs 1 and 2 shown in FIG. 9, two lips 1a and 2a are used.
U-shaped notches 1b and 2b are formed at the base between them. When such cutouts 1b, 2b are provided, there is an advantage that the lips 1a, 2a can be easily curved outward. In the lip gaskets 1 and 2 shown in FIG. 10, the tips of the lips 1a and 2a are rounded. This shape has the advantage that the tips of the lips 1a, 2a are less likely to turn over, making it easier to insert them into the tube. Note that even if the tips of the lips 1a, 2a are formed flat, similar advantages can be obtained. In the lip packs 1 and 2 shown in FIG.
The root portions of 2a are connected by flat portions 1c and 2c. Such a shape is adopted when the width (W) of the lip packings 1 and 2 is wide. It goes without saying that the lip packing 1 and the lip packing 2 do not have to have the same shape. In addition, since the swelling member 3 needs to have a corner 3a in contact with each lip 1a, 2a, a member with a rectangular cross section is used.
It is not necessary to have But ribs 11, 12
If it has this, it can stop water even when it swells, so it is preferable for improving the water stopping ability and water absorption ability. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. [Effects of the Invention] The water-stop gasket of the present invention seals with the lip of the lip gasket, and since the lip is highly elastic, it can be attached to fit the gap between the sealing points, and the sealable area is wide. In addition, even if the gap becomes wider later on, the expansion pressure of the swelling member due to the absorption of leakage water will push the lip against the wall of the water stop area, so the sealing performance will remain the same as before the gap became wider. can be retained. Furthermore, if the water is under high pressure, the high pressure will press the lip against the wall of the water stop location, so it has a high sealing performance even against high pressure water, and can reliably stop water over a wide range from small leaks to high pressure water intrusion. I can do it. In addition, the water-stopping effect is performed by the lip, so it is highly durable.
Withstands long-term use. Furthermore, the installation work is easy.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a water-stop gasket A according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the installed state of the water-stop gasket A, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the water-stop gasket A shown in FIG. 2. Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the lip pressing action by the swelling member, Fig. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of using a water stop packing at the connection part of two pipes, and Fig. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the lip pressing action by the swelling member. An explanatory diagram showing an example in which water packing is used at the end of a pipe, Fig. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an example in which it is used in an underground cable pipe, Fig. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing an example in which it is used in water pressure equipment, and Fig. 9 11 are cross-sectional views showing various cross-sectional shapes of the lip gaskets 1 and 2, and FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional waterproof gasket Z. (Main symbols in the drawing, 1: Lip packing for holding, 1a: Lip of lip packing 1, 2: Lip packing for water stop, 2a: Lip of lip packing 2, 3: Swelling member, 4, 5: Tightening plate, 6: Boruto, 7: Natsuto.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A water-stopping lip gasket that extends in a V-shape and has a pair of lips, a retaining lip gasket that extends in a V-shape and has a pair of lips, and a water-swellable lip gasket that extends in a V-shape and has a pair of lips. a swelling member having a substantially rectangular cross section, which is manufactured separately from both of the lip packings from a material having properties, and the water-stopping lip packing, the swelling member, and the holding lip packing being relatively spaced in that order. and a restraining member for restraining the water from leaking, and the swelling member is arranged so that it can come into contact with the flat inner surface of the lip of the water-stopping and retaining lip packings only at the corners thereof, respectively. Patsukin. 2. The water-stopping lip gasket, the swelling member, and the retaining lip gasket are sandwiched in that order between two tightening plates, and can be tightened with bolts and nuts. Waterproof patch. 3. The water-stop gasket according to claim 1, wherein the water-stop gasket is connected endlessly.