JPH0471000B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0471000B2 JPH0471000B2 JP59168582A JP16858284A JPH0471000B2 JP H0471000 B2 JPH0471000 B2 JP H0471000B2 JP 59168582 A JP59168582 A JP 59168582A JP 16858284 A JP16858284 A JP 16858284A JP H0471000 B2 JPH0471000 B2 JP H0471000B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- pen
- alloy
- coating
- tip
- paper
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 19
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000007772 electroless plating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OQUFOZNPBIIJTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid;sodium Chemical compound [Na].OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O OQUFOZNPBIIJTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910017398 Au—Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001096 P alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000973 osmiridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NRTDAKURTMLAFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;gold(3+);tetracyanide Chemical compound [K+].[Au+3].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] NRTDAKURTMLAFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910009043 WC-Co Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OGKAGKFVPCOHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OGKAGKFVPCOHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002843 nonmetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XTFKWYDMKGAZKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;gold(1+);dicyanide Chemical compound [K+].[Au+].N#[C-].N#[C-] XTFKWYDMKGAZKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Pens And Brushes (AREA)
- Recording Measured Values (AREA)
Description
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は手書き製図用、自動製図用のパイプペ
ンのペン先に関するものである。
（従来技術と問題点）
一般に、パイプペンのペン先は主に超硬合金、
ステンレス鋼などが使用されている。超硬合金か
らなるペン先は自動製図機に使用するとき、材質
が硬すぎること、材料中の結晶組織の硬さの不均
一のため、紙とのなじみ性が悪く紙を切つてしま
うので、丈夫なトレーシングフイルムに限定され
る欠点がある。ステンレス鋼からなるペン先は摩
耗抵抗が小さいために寿命が短かく、特にトレー
シングフイルムに対しては摩耗が激しいため、使
用できない欠点がある。
また実際に、超硬合金からなるペン先１０を、
先端を丸め形状にして（第５図）トレーシングペ
ーパーに筆記してみると、丸め形状が摩耗して丸
め形状がなくなり（第６図）、トレーシングペー
パーとの滑り性が極端に悪くなり筆記に耐えなく
なるため、寿命は必ずしも満足できるものではな
かつた。
（発明の目的）
本発明は以上のような欠点を解決するものであ
る。すなわち、どのような筆記用紙紙にも使用で
き、用紙に対する滑り性、なじみ性が良く、紙を
切ることなく、長寿命のパイプペンのペン先を得
ることである。
（発明の構成）
前記のような欠点をなくすためにはペン先の材
料は(1)適度の耐摩耗性を有していること、(2)適度
な硬さを有し、しかも結晶組織の硬さが均一であ
ること、(3)筆記中にペン先の先端が摩耗しても丸
め形状を保持することが必要であること、の見地
から本発明者は鋭意研究した結果、はじめて所期
の目的を達成し、どのような筆記用紙にでも使用
でき、用紙に対する滑り性、なじみ性がよく、紙
を切ることなく、寿命の長いパイプペンのペン先
を得た。
すなわち、(1)適度な硬さと均質さを有し、かつ
耐摩耗性である材料として、ａ族のCr、Mo、
Ｗ、ａ族のRe、族のRu、Os、Irなどを成分
とした合金が最も好適であること、(2)その硬さは
約500〜1300Kg／mm2の範囲がよいこと、(3)その耐
摩耗性は、最もすぐれているイリドスミン合金
（Os：50重量％、Ir：50重量％からなる合金）の
摩耗度に対して少なくとも15倍以下までのものが
よいこと、(4)ペン先の基材１よりも摩耗し易い金
属又は合金の１層の被膜２（第１図）、多層の被
膜２，３（第２図）、多層の被膜２，３，４，５
（第３図）を設け、多層のときはペン先の基材よ
りも外側に順次、より摩耗し易い被膜を設けるこ
とによつて、筆記中にペン先々端が摩耗してもそ
の先端は摩耗し易い材質の順に摩耗するために先
端の丸め形状は第４図のように保持できることを
見出した。
したがつて、ペン先が摩耗によつてなくなるま
で使用できるので長寿命となる。本発明のペン先
の基材の材質は金属の合金であるので結晶組織の
硬さは均一かつ緻密である上に適度の硬さを有す
ること、ペン先の先端外周面に比較的柔らかい金
属被膜又は合金被膜を設けてあるので、用紙に対
して滑り性、なじみ性がよく紙を切ることなく、
したがつてどのような用紙にでも使用できること
を見出して本発明を完成した。
すなわち、本発明は、耐摩耗性合金からなる基
材の少なくとも先端外周面に基材よりも摩耗抵抗
の小なる金属被膜又は合金被膜を設けたパイプペ
ンのペン先である。
本発明におけるペン先の基材の合金はａ族の
Cr、Mo、Ｗ、ａ族のRe、族のRu、Os、Ir
の１種又は２種以上の含有した合金であり、必要
により添加するその他の合金成分は金属でも非金
属でもよい。その他の合金成分としては具体的に
はTi、Ｖ、Mn、Zr、Nb、Hf、Ta、Fe、Co、
Ni、Cu、Zn、Rh、Pd、Ag、Rt、Au、Cd、Al、
In、Sn、Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｐ、Ｎなどであり、これらを
ペン先の基材の耐摩耗性、靭性、結晶の微細化、
加工性などの観点から適宜添加する。
本発明におけるペン先の基材の基本的成分とな
るCr、Mo、Ｗ、Re、Ru、Os、Irの１種又は２
種以上は合金中に約30重量％以上が必要であり、
好ましくは約50重量％以上含有していることがよ
く、このような組成の合金は適度の硬さを有しな
がら耐摩耗性にすぐれていると共に結晶組織の硬
さが比較的均一であり、かつ緻密であるので、用
紙に対して滑り性、なじみ性に富んでいる。
更に、本発明における耐摩耗性合金の基材は、
耐摩耗性に最もすぐれているイリドスミン合金
（Os：50重量％、Ir：50重量％）の耐摩耗度の15
倍以下までであることが必要であり、好ましくは
10倍以下までである。これよりも耐摩耗性の悪い
基材を用いるときは筆記中の基材の摩耗が激しく
基材と被膜との摩耗度の差が少なくなるために、
被膜だけが早く摩耗してペン先の先端丸め形状を
保持できるという性質がなくなつてしまう。又、
上記条件を満足するペン先の基材の合金でも、と
くに柔らかい合金のほうが紙とのなじみ性、紙を
切らないなどの観点からよく、その硬さは約1300
Kg／mm2以下であり、好ましくは1100〜500Kg／mm2
の範囲がよい。
本発明における被膜は耐摩耗性のペン先の基材
よりも摩耗し易い金属又は合金であり、更には基
材よりも柔らかく、潤滑性に富んだ被膜などの性
質を具備していればなお一層、紙との滑り性、な
じみ性をよくするので好ましい。又、ペン先端の
丸め形状の保持性は１層よりも多層のほうがより
効果的である。使用できる金属被膜はFe、Co、
Ni、Cd、In、Sn、Pb、Cr、Pd、Au、Ag、Cu、
Re、Pt、Rh、Ruなどである。使用できる合金被
膜は金属被膜の金属を主成分とする２元系以上の
合金である。
被膜の形成方法は電気めつき法、無電解めつき
法、PVD法、CVD法、溶融めつき法などの通常
の被覆法を使用できる。又、多層被膜のときは異
なる被覆法を組合せてよく、同一の被覆法を重複
して用いてよい。被覆は１層又は２層以上の多層
であり、好ましくは２〜３層の被膜のものがよ
い。多層被膜のときは合金基材に隣接した被膜は
比較的基材に近い摩耗性の被膜を設け、最外面側
の被膜は最も摩耗し易い、柔らかく、潤滑性に富
んだものを設けるとなお一層紙に対する滑り性、
なじみ性をよくするので好ましい。柔らかくて、
潤滑性に富んだ被膜としてはAu、Ag、Pdおよび
それらの合金がよい。被覆の厚さはその全体が約
３〜50μｍの範囲であり、好ましくは５〜30μｍ
の範囲がよい。
製造例 １
Reが50重量％、Ruが20重量％、Ｗが13重量
％、Taが10重量％、Coが６重量％、Ｂが１重量
％の組成のものを押出成形した後、焼結して外径
約0.4mm、内径約0.2mm、長さ約５mmのパイプを得
た。その先端をバレル研摩法により丸め加工した
後に、パイプを常法により脱脂、その他の前処理
をしてから無電解めつき法（めつき液は上村工業
(株)製のニムデン、浴温：90℃、めつき時間：45分
間）により約15μｍの厚さのNi−Ｐ合金（Ｐの含
有率約９％）被膜をめつきした。次いで、電気め
つき法（めつき液はシアン化金カリ：５ｇ／、
硫酸ニツケル・７水塩：15ｇ／、クエン酸とク
エン酸ソーダ：150ｇ／、浴のPH：3.5、電流密
度2A／ｄm2、めつき時間：40分間）により約5μ
ｍの厚さのAu−Ni合金（Niの含有率約２％）被
膜をめつきした後、アルゴン雰囲気中で温度約
300℃、保持時間約60分間の加熱処理をし、パイ
プペンのペン先を作製した。
製造例 ２
Osが45重量％、Irが45重量％、Coが10重量％
の組成のものを押出成形した後、焼結して外径約
0.4mm、内径約0.2mm、長さ約５mmのパイプを得
た。その先端をバレル研摩法により丸め加工した
後に、パイプを常法により脱脂、その他の前処理
をしてから電気めつき法（めつき液は日本鉱業(株)
製のＨ−８、浴温：55℃、電流密度：1A／ｄm2、
めつき時間：120分間）により約10μｍの厚さの
Rh被膜をめつきした。次いで、電気めつき法
（めつき液は日本エレクトロプレイテイング・エ
ンジニヤース(株)製のパラデツクス、浴温：50
℃、電流密度：0.5A／ｄm2、めつき時間：30分
間）により約5μｍの厚さのPd被膜をめつきし、
パイプペンのペン先を作製した。
製造例 ３
Crが55重量％、Ｗが32重量％、Niが10重量％、
Ｂが３重量％の組成のものを押出成形した後、焼
結して外径約0.4mm、内径約0.2mm、長さ約５mmの
パイプを得た。その先端をバレル研摩法により丸
め加工した後に、そのパイプを常法により脱脂、
その他の前処理をしてから無電解めつき法（めつ
き液は上村工業(株)製のニムデン、浴温：95℃、め
つき時間：15分間）により約5μｍの厚さのNi−
Ｐ合金（Ni含有率約９％）被膜をめつきした。
次いで、電気めつき法（めつき液は日本エレクト
ロプレイテイング・エンジニヤース(株)製のパラデ
ツクス、浴温：50℃、電流密度：0.5A／ｄm2、
めつき時間：30分間）により約5μｍの厚さのPd
被膜をめつきし、次いで電気めつき法（めつき液
はシアン化金カリ：５ｇ／、硫酸ニツケル・７
水塩：15ｇ／、クエン酸とクエン酸ソーダ：
100ｇ／、浴のPH：3.5、電流密度：2A／m2、
めつき時間：40分間）により約5μｍの厚さのAu
−Ni合金（Ni含有率約２％）被膜めつきした後、
アルゴン雰囲気中で温度約300℃、保持時間約60
分間の加熱処理をし、パイプペンのペン先を作製
した。
製造例 ４
Reが50重量％、Ruが20重量％、Ｗが13重量
％、Taが10重量％、Coが６重量％、Ｂが１重量
％の組成のものを押出成形した後、焼結して外径
約0.4mm、内径約0.2mm、長さ約５mmのパイプを得
た。その先端をバレル研摩法により丸め加工した
後に、そのパイプを常法により脱脂、その他の前
処理をしてから電気めつき法（めつき液はシアン
化金カリ：５ｇ／、硫酸ニツケル・７水塩：15
ｇ／、クエン酸とクエン酸ソーダ：100ｇ／、
浴のPH：3.5、電流密度：2A／ｄm2、めつき時
間：80時間）により約10μｍの厚さのAu−Ni合
金（Niの含有率約２％）被膜をめつきし、パイ
プペンのペン先を作製した。
次に、本発明のペン先と従来品とを、下記に示
す条件に基づいて性能試験を行い、その性能を比
較してみた。
条 件：
(1) トレーシングフイルム：(株)きもと製のミクロ
トレース（ポリエステル）
(2) 超硬合金とステンレス鋼のペン先の形状
外 径：0.4mm
内 径：0.2mm
(3) 筆記条件
筆記角度：紙面に対して垂直
筆記速度：トレーシングフイルムのとき
20cm／秒
普通紙のとき 100cm／秒
荷重：トレーシングフイルムのとき 40ｇ
普通紙のとき 20ｇ
これらの結果を表に示す。
(Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a pen nib of a pipe pen for hand-drawn drafting and automatic drafting. (Prior art and problems) In general, the nib of a pipe pen is mainly made of cemented carbide,
Stainless steel is used. When pen nibs made of cemented carbide are used in automatic drafting machines, the material is too hard and the hardness of the crystal structure in the material is uneven, so they do not fit well with paper and tend to cut the paper. The drawback is that it is limited to durable tracing films. Pen nibs made of stainless steel have a short lifespan due to their low abrasion resistance, and they are particularly abrasive to tracing films, making them unusable. In addition, actually, the pen nib 10 made of cemented carbide,
When writing on tracing paper with the tip rounded (Fig. 5), the rounded shape wears out and the rounded shape disappears (Fig. 6), and the slipperiness with the tracing paper becomes extremely poor. However, the lifespan was not always satisfactory because it could no longer withstand. (Object of the invention) The present invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks. That is, the purpose is to obtain a pipe pen nib that can be used with any type of writing paper, has good slipperiness and conformability to the paper, does not cut the paper, and has a long life. (Structure of the Invention) In order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, the material of the pen tip must (1) have appropriate wear resistance, (2) have appropriate hardness, and have a crystal structure. As a result of intensive research, the inventor of the present invention was able to achieve the desired result for the first time from the viewpoints of the need for uniform hardness and (3) the need to maintain the rounded shape even if the tip of the pen tip wears out during writing. The purpose of the present invention has been achieved, and we have obtained a pipe pen nib that can be used with any type of writing paper, has good slipperiness and compatibility with the paper, does not cut the paper, and has a long life. That is, (1) as materials that have appropriate hardness, homogeneity, and wear resistance, Cr, Mo,
An alloy containing W, Re of group a, Ru, Os, Ir, etc. of group a is most suitable; (2) its hardness should be in the range of about 500 to 1300 Kg/mm 2 ; (3) Its wear resistance should be at least 15 times the wear resistance of the most excellent iridosmine alloy (an alloy consisting of 50% Os and 50% Ir); (4) the pen tip; Single-layer coating 2 (Fig. 1), multi-layer coating 2, 3 (Fig. 2), multi-layer coating 2, 3, 4, 5 of a metal or alloy that is more abrasive than the base material 1 of
(Figure 3), and in the case of a multi-layered pen, by sequentially providing coatings that are more abrasive on the outside of the base material of the pen tip, even if each end of the pen tip wears out during writing, the tip will wear out. It has been found that the rounded shape of the tip can be maintained as shown in FIG. 4 because the materials are worn in the order of ease of wear. Therefore, the pen tip can be used until it wears out, resulting in a long service life. Since the base material of the nib of the present invention is a metal alloy, the hardness of the crystal structure is uniform and dense, and it also has an appropriate hardness, and the outer peripheral surface of the tip of the nib has a relatively soft metal coating. Or, since it has an alloy coating, it has good sliding properties and conforms to the paper without cutting the paper.
Therefore, the present invention was completed by discovering that it can be used with any kind of paper. That is, the present invention is a pen nib for a pipe pen in which a metal coating or an alloy coating having lower abrasion resistance than the base material is provided on at least the outer peripheral surface of the tip of a base material made of a wear-resistant alloy. The alloy of the base material of the pen nib in the present invention is a group A alloy.
Cr, Mo, W, Re of the a group, Ru of the group, Os, Ir
It is an alloy containing one or more of the following, and other alloy components added as necessary may be metals or non-metals. Other alloy components include Ti, V, Mn, Zr, Nb, Hf, Ta, Fe, Co,
Ni, Cu, Zn, Rh, Pd, Ag, Rt, Au, Cd, Al,
In, Sn, B, C, P, N, etc., and these are used to improve the wear resistance, toughness, and crystal refinement of the base material of the pen tip.
Add as appropriate from the viewpoint of processability, etc. One or two of Cr, Mo, W, Re, Ru, Os, and Ir, which are the basic components of the base material of the pen nib in the present invention.
For species or higher, approximately 30% by weight or more is required in the alloy.
Preferably, the content is about 50% by weight or more, and an alloy with such a composition has moderate hardness and excellent wear resistance, and the hardness of the crystal structure is relatively uniform. Moreover, since it is dense, it has excellent slipperiness and conformability to paper. Furthermore, the base material of the wear-resistant alloy in the present invention is
The wear resistance of iridosmine alloy (Os: 50% by weight, Ir: 50% by weight), which has the highest wear resistance, is 15.
It is necessary to be up to twice as much, and preferably
up to 10 times or less. When using a base material with worse abrasion resistance than this, the base material will be worn more severely during writing, and the difference in the degree of wear between the base material and the coating will be smaller.
Only the coating wears out quickly and loses its ability to maintain the rounded tip shape of the pen tip. or,
Even among alloys for the base material of the pen nib that satisfy the above conditions, softer alloys are better in terms of compatibility with paper and do not cut the paper, and their hardness is approximately 1300.
Kg/ mm2 or less, preferably 1100 to 500Kg/ mm2
A range of is good. The coating in the present invention is a metal or alloy that wears more easily than the base material of the wear-resistant pen nib, and it is even more desirable if it has properties such as a coating that is softer and more lubricating than the base material. , is preferable because it improves slipperiness and compatibility with paper. Moreover, multiple layers are more effective in retaining the rounded shape of the tip of the pen than one layer. The metal coatings that can be used are Fe, Co,
Ni, Cd, In, Sn, Pb, Cr, Pd, Au, Ag, Cu,
These include Re, Pt, Rh, Ru, etc. The alloy coating that can be used is a binary or higher alloy whose main component is the metal of the metal coating. The film can be formed by conventional coating methods such as electroplating, electroless plating, PVD, CVD, and melt plating. Furthermore, in the case of a multilayer coating, different coating methods may be combined, or the same coating method may be used overlappingly. The coating may be one layer or multiple layers, preferably two or three layers. In the case of a multilayer coating, the coating adjacent to the alloy base material should be an abrasive coating that is relatively close to the base material, and the outermost coating should be the one that is the most abrasive, soft, and highly lubricious. slipperiness on paper,
This is preferable because it improves compatibility. Soft and
Au, Ag, Pd, and their alloys are suitable as coatings with high lubricity. The total thickness of the coating ranges from about 3 to 50 μm, preferably from 5 to 30 μm.
A range of is good. Production example 1 After extrusion molding of a composition of 50 wt% Re, 20 wt% Ru, 13 wt% W, 10 wt% Ta, 6 wt% Co, and 1 wt% B, sintering A pipe with an outer diameter of about 0.4 mm, an inner diameter of about 0.2 mm, and a length of about 5 mm was obtained. After rounding the tip using the barrel polishing method, the pipe is degreased using conventional methods and subjected to other pre-treatments, followed by electroless plating (the plating liquid is from Uemura Kogyo Co., Ltd.).
A Ni--P alloy (P content: about 9%) film having a thickness of about 15 μm was plated using Nimden Co., Ltd. (bath temperature: 90° C., plating time: 45 minutes). Next, electroplating method (plating liquid is gold potassium cyanide: 5g/,
Nickel sulfate heptahydrate: 15g/, citric acid and sodium citrate: 150g/, bath PH: 3.5, current density 2A/dm 2 , plating time: 40 minutes) to approximately 5μ
After plating a film of Au-Ni alloy (Ni content: approximately 2%) with a thickness of
A pipe pen nib was prepared by heat treatment at 300°C for approximately 60 minutes. Production example 2 Os: 45% by weight, Ir: 45% by weight, Co: 10% by weight
After extrusion molding of the composition, it is sintered to have an outer diameter of approximately
A pipe with a diameter of 0.4 mm, an inner diameter of about 0.2 mm, and a length of about 5 mm was obtained. After rounding the tip by barrel polishing, the pipe is degreased by conventional methods and subjected to other pre-treatments, and then electroplated (the plating liquid is Nippon Mining Co., Ltd.).
manufactured by H-8, bath temperature: 55°C, current density: 1A/dm 2 ,
Plating time: 120 minutes) to a thickness of approximately 10 μm.
Rh coating was applied. Next, the electroplating method (the plating liquid was Paradix manufactured by Japan Electroplating Engineers Co., Ltd., bath temperature: 50
℃, current density: 0.5 A/dm 2 , plating time: 30 minutes) to plate a Pd film with a thickness of approximately 5 μm.
I made the nib of a pipe pen. Production example 3 Cr: 55% by weight, W: 32% by weight, Ni: 10% by weight,
A pipe containing 3% by weight of B was extruded and sintered to obtain a pipe having an outer diameter of about 0.4 mm, an inner diameter of about 0.2 mm, and a length of about 5 mm. After rounding the tip using the barrel polishing method, the pipe is degreased using a conventional method.
After other pre-treatments, a Ni film with a thickness of approximately 5 μm was coated using electroless plating method (plating solution was Nimden manufactured by Uemura Kogyo Co., Ltd., bath temperature: 95°C, plating time: 15 minutes).
A P alloy (Ni content of about 9%) film was plated.
Next, electroplating method (plating liquid was Paradix manufactured by Japan Electroplating Engineers Co., Ltd., bath temperature: 50°C, current density: 0.5A/dm 2 ,
Pd with a thickness of approximately 5 μm (plating time: 30 minutes)
The film was plated, and then electroplated (the plating solution was gold potassium cyanide: 5 g/nickel sulfate 7
Water salt: 15g/, citric acid and sodium citric acid:
100g/, bath PH: 3.5, current density: 2A/m 2 ,
Approximately 5 μm thick Au (plating time: 40 minutes)
-After plating with Ni alloy (Ni content approx. 2%),
Temperature: approx. 300℃, holding time: approx. 60 in argon atmosphere
A heat treatment was performed for a minute to prepare a pipe pen nib. Production example 4 After extrusion molding of a composition of 50 wt% Re, 20 wt% Ru, 13 wt% W, 10 wt% Ta, 6 wt% Co, and 1 wt% B, sintering A pipe with an outer diameter of about 0.4 mm, an inner diameter of about 0.2 mm, and a length of about 5 mm was obtained. After the tip is rounded by barrel polishing, the pipe is degreased by conventional methods and subjected to other pretreatments, and then electroplated (plating solution is potassium gold cyanide: 5 g/, nickel sulfate/7 water). Salt: 15
g/, citric acid and sodium citric acid: 100g/,
An approximately 10 μm thick Au-Ni alloy (Ni content approximately 2%) film was plated using bath pH: 3.5, current density: 2 A/dm 2 , plating time: 80 hours), and a pipe pen was coated. The tip was made. Next, a performance test was conducted on the pen nib of the present invention and a conventional product under the conditions shown below, and the performance was compared. Conditions: (1) Tracing film: Microtrace (polyester) manufactured by Kimoto Co., Ltd. (2) Cemented carbide and stainless steel nib shape Outer diameter: 0.4 mm Inner diameter: 0.2 mm (3) Writing conditions Writing angle: Perpendicular to the paper surface Writing speed: When using tracing film
20cm/sec For plain paper 100cm/sec Load: 40g for tracing film 20g for plain paper These results are shown in the table.
【表】
本発明のペン先（製造例１、２、３、４のペン
先）はトレーシングフイルム上で3000ｍの距離を
筆記したときペン先の先端は摩耗しているにも拘
らずペン先端の丸め形状は第４図のように保持さ
れており、その状態のペン先を普通紙にて筆記し
ても滑り性は良好であつた。
従来品の超硬合金製（WC−Co系）およびステ
ンレス鋼（SUS316−クロムメツキ）のペン先は
トレーシングフイルム上でそれぞれ1000ｍ、10ｍ
の距離を筆記したとき、ペン先端は摩耗してその
丸め形状は消滅して第６図のような形状となつて
おり、その状態のペン先を普通紙にて筆記すると
著しく滑り性が悪く、紙上をスムーズに滑らない
状態であり到底使用できるものではなかつた。
（発明の効果）
本発明のペン先は先端の丸め形状は摩耗に拘ら
ず保持されるので滑り性は良好で、かつ長寿命の
使用が可能である。[Table] The pen nibs of the present invention (pen nibs of manufacturing examples 1, 2, 3, and 4) were worn out when writing at a distance of 3000 m on a tracing film. The rounded shape of the pen was maintained as shown in FIG. 4, and even when writing with the pen tip in this state on plain paper, the smoothness was good. Conventional cemented carbide (WC-Co type) and stainless steel (SUS316-chrome plated) pen nibs have a pen tip of 1000 m and 10 m, respectively, on tracing film.
When writing down a distance of It did not slide smoothly on the paper and was completely unusable. (Effects of the Invention) The pen nib of the present invention maintains the rounded shape of the tip regardless of wear, so it has good sliding properties and can be used for a long time.
第１図、第２図、第３図は本発明のペン先の各
実施例の断面図、第４図は第２図のペン先が筆記
により摩耗した状態の断面図、第５図は従来のペ
ン先の断面図、第６図は第５図のペン先が筆記に
より摩耗した状態の断面図である。
１……ペン先の基材、２，３，４，５……被
膜。
Figures 1, 2, and 3 are cross-sectional views of each embodiment of the pen nib of the present invention, Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the pen nib in Figure 2 worn out due to writing, and Figure 5 is a conventional one. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the pen nib of FIG. 5 in a state where it has been worn out by writing. 1... Base material of the pen tip, 2, 3, 4, 5... Coating.
Claims (1)
外周面に、前記基材よりも摩耗抵抗の小なる金属
被膜又は合金被膜を設けた、パイプペンのペン
先。 ２ 耐摩耗性合金がCr、Mo、Ｗ、Re、Ru、Os、
Irから選んだ少なくとも１種の金属の合金であ
る、特許請求の範囲第１項記載のパイプペンのペ
ン先。[Scope of Claims] 1. A pen nib for a pipe pen, comprising a base material made of a wear-resistant alloy, and a metal coating or alloy coating having lower wear resistance than the base material provided on at least the outer peripheral surface of the tip. 2 Wear-resistant alloys include Cr, Mo, W, Re, Ru, Os,
The pipe pen nib according to claim 1, which is an alloy of at least one metal selected from Ir.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59168582A JPS6147299A (en) | 1984-08-11 | 1984-08-11 | Pen point for pipe pen |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59168582A JPS6147299A (en) | 1984-08-11 | 1984-08-11 | Pen point for pipe pen |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6147299A JPS6147299A (en) | 1986-03-07 |
| JPH0471000B2 true JPH0471000B2 (en) | 1992-11-12 |
Family
ID=15870725
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59168582A Granted JPS6147299A (en) | 1984-08-11 | 1984-08-11 | Pen point for pipe pen |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6147299A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2720521B2 (en) * | 1988-06-22 | 1998-03-04 | 富士電機株式会社 | Solid-state laser device |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60184889A (en) * | 1984-03-05 | 1985-09-20 | ぺんてる株式会社 | Pen point |
-
1984
- 1984-08-11 JP JP59168582A patent/JPS6147299A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60184889A (en) * | 1984-03-05 | 1985-09-20 | ぺんてる株式会社 | Pen point |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6147299A (en) | 1986-03-07 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP4876269B2 (en) | Multi-layer bearing | |
| JP5154410B2 (en) | Sliding bearing composite material, use and manufacturing method | |
| JP4620702B2 (en) | Sliding member and manufacturing method thereof | |
| JPH10205539A (en) | Copper base slide bearing | |
| CN100470069C (en) | Layered composite material for plain bearings, production and use thereof | |
| DE59902232D1 (en) | LAYER COMPOSITE MATERIAL FOR SLIDING ELEMENTS AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF | |
| JPS6124100B2 (en) | ||
| JP2007507605A (en) | Alloys especially for bearing coatings | |
| JP2001247995A (en) | Multilayer material for slide bearing | |
| JPS60106960A (en) | Random coating, formation thereof and method of machining workpiece by tool coated thereby | |
| JP2007277720A (en) | Sliding layer for bearing element, and bearing element | |
| JPH0277585A (en) | Palladium/nickel alloy layer as intermediate between metal base material having no or almost no corrosion resistance | |
| JPH0471000B2 (en) | ||
| JP2005154902A (en) | Process of depositing metallic layer free of nickel and chromium (vi) | |
| JPH07207496A (en) | Production of composite plating metal material excelling in sliding property and anticorrosion | |
| JP2001192850A (en) | Surface treating solution for sliding parts, surface treating method for sliding parts and sliding parts | |
| JPS5929119B2 (en) | Multilayer composite plating layer | |
| US3989558A (en) | Coating and diffusion process for improving the life of cobalt-bonded sintered carbide tools | |
| Wearmouth | Nickel alloy electrodeposits for non-decorative applications | |
| JP6846740B2 (en) | Abrasion resistant film and its forming method, and wear resistant member | |
| JP7169495B2 (en) | Cutting tool coated with electrodeposited abrasive grain layer and method for recycling said cutting tool | |
| JPH02502295A (en) | High performance electrodeposited chrome layer | |
| JP2022076860A (en) | High-hardness abrasion-resistant member and method of manufacturing high-hardness abrasion-resistant member | |
| JP3896185B2 (en) | Durable continuous casting mold | |
| Krohn et al. | Electrodeposition of alloys: Present state of the art |