JPH046724A - Solenoid switch - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To stabilize the contact switching action without increasing the power consumption by providing a reverse member superimposing a load to the load characteristic for the driving force of an armature at the time except when the armature is returned or operated and a contact is closed. CONSTITUTION:The pressing force of a deflection portion is gradually increased as the action of an armature progresses, and the deflection portion is reversed when a contact is closed D. When the action position of the armature 6 is returned to the return position, a short piece 8b is brought into contact with a pressing section 1b before the contact is closed, i.e., nearly at the middle point G of the load characteristic D C, the pressing force of the short piece 8b is gradually increased as the action of the armature 6 progresses, and the deflection portion is reversed when the contact is closed K. The load of a reverse spring member 8 is superimposed at the time except when the armature 6 is returned or operated and the contact is closed, i.e., before the contact is closed. The load is smoothly increased, while the load is abruptly increased when the contact is closed without the reverse spring member 8.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an electromagnetic switch such as an electromagnetic contactor or an electromagnetic relay that includes an electromagnetic device and a contact device.

[Prior Art] This type of electromagnetic switch includes an electromagnetic device having a yoke, a coil, and an armature, a contact device having a fixed contact, a movable contact, and a movable frame that supports the movable contact. The armature is operated by controlling the armature, and the movable frame responds to this to open and close the contacts.

When looking at the general load characteristics of such electromagnetic switches based on the stroke from the return position of the armature to the actuation position, it first increases approximately linearly with a gentle slope from the return position, and then the contact point increases. It increases rapidly when it closes, and then increases almost linearly with a rather steep slope until it reaches the operating position. In the case of an electromagnetic contactor that includes a mixture of normally open and normally closed contacts, the load characteristics described above occur from approximately the middle of the full stroke. Therefore, the driving force due to the magnetic attraction force to be applied to the armature is set according to this load characteristic.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The load characteristic in which the load suddenly increases when the contacts of the electromagnetic switch are closed causes various problems. For example, if the driving force of the armature is not large enough, the armature may be pushed back and rebound hesitate, causing contact bounce or slowing down the closing operation speed. Conversely, if the driving force (magnetic attraction force) of the armature is increased as a measure to prevent this, the power consumption of the electromagnet device will increase, and the speed at the end of the armature operation will become too fast, resulting in impact noise. It is large, and the impact area wears out and deforms, changing the suction force characteristics. Furthermore, contact bounce occurs when the contact is closed due to the high closing operation speed.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide an electromagnetic switch that can stabilize contact opening/closing operations without increasing power consumption. Another object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic switch which does not increase power consumption and can stabilize the contact opening/closing operation by smoothing load changes when the contacts are closed. Still another object is to provide an electromagnetic switch that can reduce the impact at the end of the armature operation and the resulting noise without increasing power consumption.

[Means for solving the problem] In order to solve the problem, the electromagnetic switch according to claim (1) includes an electromagnetic device having a yoke, a coil, and an armature, a fixed contact, a movable contact, and a movable contact. a contact device having a supporting movable frame, the armature is operated by controlling the excitation of a coil, and the movable frame responds to this to open and close a contact; The structure is characterized in that a reversing spring member is attached to which a load is superimposed at times other than when the armature returns, operates, and closes the contact.

The electromagnetic switch according to claim (2) is configured such that the load caused by the reversing spring member according to claim (1) is superimposed before the contact is closed.

The electromagnetic switch according to claim (3) is configured such that the load caused by the reversing spring member according to claim (1) is superimposed after the contact is closed.

[Effect]

The electromagnetic switch according to claim (1) can ensure a holding force at the operating position while absorbing an excessive armature driving force that may cause harmful effects.

In addition to the action described in claim (1), the electromagnetic switch according to claim (2) has a certain amount of load superimposed before the contact is closed, so that a sudden increase in load when the contact is closed can be prevented. I can do it.

In the electromagnetic switch according to claim (3), in addition to the effect described in claim (1), since a certain amount of load is superimposed after the contact is closed, the speed at the end of the armature operation can be reduced.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention applied to an electromagnetic contactor will be described in the first embodiment.
This will be explained based on FIGS. 6 to 6.

■ is the lower case where the electromagnet device 3 is attached, 2 is the contact device 1
1 and a fixed contact terminal are attached to the upper case, and these two cases constitute a housing.

The electromagnet device 3 includes a yoke 4 consisting of an L-shaped yoke piece 4a and a single-shaped yoke piece 4b, a coil 5 wound around the single-shaped yoke piece 4b via a coil frame 5a, and an L-shaped yoke piece. It has an armature 6 and a permanent magnet 7 that are swingably supported on the end face of the armature 4a. The single-shaped yoke piece 4b has a long plate-like base 4c and a flat magnetic pole part 4d.
The outer surface of attracts the armature 6. The outer surface of the magnetic pole portion 4d and the outer surface of the coil frame 5a are at the road surface. The armature 6 has an L-shaped yoke piece 4 at its wide base end 6a.
a is swingably supported on the end face of the magnetic pole part 4, and the intermediate part 6b is
A narrow and thin tip portion 6c extends into the upper case 2 and faces the outer surface of the upper case d so as to be able to come into contact with and separate from it.

A base end of a reversing spring member 8 made of a thin plate spring material is fixed to the intermediate portion 6b of the armature 6 by welding or the like.

The reversing spring member 8 has a U-shaped side surface formed by a long piece 8a, a short piece 8b, and a connecting piece 8C, and the inner diameter of the long piece 8a and the short piece 8b is formed to be slightly larger than the plate thickness of the armature 6.

As shown in FIG. 6, the long piece 8a has three leg pieces 8d, 8.
e, 8f, each base end is armature 6
is fixed to the intermediate portion 6b of. Connecting piece 8c and short piece 8b
It is separated into two pieces corresponding to the outer leg pieces 8d and 8f. The outer leg pieces 8d and 8f are substantially flat, but the center leg piece 8e is given a slight bend in advance. That is, the state shown in FIG. 6 is the same as the state shown in FIG. When this central leg piece 8e presses the bending portion given in advance, at a certain point it instantly deforms (inverts) into a flat state and the armature 6
As a result, the short piece 8b is separated from the armature 6. When the short piece 8b is pressed in the opposite direction in this state, the central leg piece 8e instantly restores the predetermined deflection at a certain point.

The pressing force that deforms the central leg piece 8e in this way becomes a constant load on the operation of the armature 6, and the point at which this occurs will be described later.

In this embodiment, the coil frame 5a presses the bent portion, and the short piece 8b is pressed by the pressing portion 1b provided on the lower case l.

9 is a conductive member that connects the terminal of the coil 5 and the coil terminal, and 10 is a surge absorbing member.

The contact device 11 includes a plurality of fixed contacts 12.12. - and movable contacts 13.13. =- and a movable frame 14 that supports the movable contact 13. Fixed contacts 12.12. − is,
They are fixed to L-shaped fixed contact terminals 12a, 12a, - arranged in two rows while being separated by the partition walls 2a, 2a. Movable contact 13.13. -. is a movable contact 13a, 13a with a length spanning the pair of fixed contacts 12.12.
, - fixed contacts 12.12. − Face to face with the person in a state where they can come into contact with and separate from the person.

The movable frame 14 is constructed by combining an upper member 14a and a lower member 14b, and the movable contact 13a is formed in the combined state.

13a, ---1 or movable contact 13.13. Long holes 14c, 14c, - are formed to support -. The long holes 14c, 14c, - have movable contacts 13a, 13
a, - and contact pressure springs 15, 15 . −
Attach. Therefore, the movable contacts 13a, 13a, - are supported by the movable frame 14 in a spring-biased state.

16, 16. -- is a terminal screw, 17 is a return spring compressed and suspended between the movable frame I4 and the inner wall of the upper case 2, and 18 is a movable frame cover.

Thus, the upper case 2 on which the contact device 11 and the fixed contact terminals 12a, 12a are mounted is placed and fixed on the upper part of the lower case l on which the electromagnet device 3 is mounted. As a result, amateur 6
The distal end portion 6c passes through the lower opening 2b of the upper case 2 and comes into contact with the side surface of the movable frame 14. Therefore, when the coil 5 is not energized, the armature 6 moves the tip end 6 to the movable frame 14 which is spring-biased by the return spring 17, as shown in FIG.
c is pressed, and its intermediate portion 6b separates from the outer surface of the magnetic pole portion 4d. In this state, the fixed contact 12 and the movable contact 13 are either open or closed. When the coil 5 is energized in this state, the intermediate portion 6b of the armature 6 is attracted to the magnetic pole portion 4d, and therefore the tip portion 6c of the armature 6 drives the movable frame 14 against the spring force of the return spring 17. As a result, the fixed contacts 12 and the movable contacts 13 that were open are closed, and those that were closed are opened to perform opening and closing operations.

The load characteristics of the driving force of the armature 6 in an electromagnetic contactor such as No. 2 become A→B−+C−+D→E→F in FIG. 3 if there is no reversing spring member 8.

In FIG. 3, the horizontal axis is the stroke of the armature 6, the left end is the return position, the right end is the operating position, and the vertical axis is the load force mainly applied to the return spring 17. The load characteristic A → B is the return spring 1
The difference between the spring force of 7 and the contact pressure spring 15 of the closing contact, point B is the point at which the closed contact opens, C-+D is the spring force of the return spring 17, and point D is the contact that was open. When closed, E-+F becomes the sum of the spring force of the return spring 17 and the contact pressure spring 15 of the closing contact.

Next, the operating point of the reversing spring member 8 will be explained.

In this embodiment, before the contact is closed on the way from the return position (Fig. 1) to the actuation position (Fig. 2) of the armature 6, that is, at approximately the midpoint G of the load characteristic from C to D, the central leg The bent portion 8e comes into contact with the outer surface of the coil frame 5a. As the movement of the armature 6 progresses, the pressing force on the bending portion gradually increases, and the bending portion deforms (reverses) at the point at which the contact point is closed. Further, the load immediately before this deformation (reversal) is approximately equal to the load characteristic D-+E.

Meanwhile, the armature 6 moves from the operating position (Fig. 2) to the return position (
When returning to FIG. 1), the short piece 8b is moved to the pressing part 1 before the contact is closed, that is, at approximately the midpoint G of the load characteristic D-C.
As the movement of the armature 6 progresses, the pressing force of the short piece 8b gradually increases, and at the point when the contact is closed, the bent part is restored to its original shape (inverted). Further, the load immediately before this deformation (reversal) is approximately equal to the load characteristic DE.

Therefore, the load on the reversing spring member 8 is due to the return of the armature 6,
A time point other than each time point of actuation and contact closing, more specifically, will be superimposed before contact closing. As a result, the overall load characteristic is A-+B→C-+G-+H-+E-+F when the armature 6 moves from the return position to the operating position.
, when moving from the operating position to the return position, F-+E-
+D-+G→J→→B→A.

As is clear from this overall load characteristic, when there was no reversing spring member 8, there was a sudden increase in load when the contact was closed, but now it is a smooth increase. In other words, the energy in the shaded areas S and T in FIG. 3 is absorbed by the reversing spring member 8. Therefore, the contact opening/closing operation can be performed smoothly without using an electromagnetic device that consumes a large amount of power in order to increase the driving force of the armature 6, and since the load on the reversing spring member 8 is eliminated in the operating position, the holding force can be reduced. do not have.

Next, another embodiment will be described in which the reversing spring member 8 operates at a different time point from the previous embodiment. In this embodiment, after the armature 6 has closed the contact on the way from the return position (FIG. 1) to the operating position (FIG. 2), that is, at a time point between E-+F of the load characteristic, the central leg is The bent portion 8e comes into contact with the outer surface of the coil frame 5a, and the bent portion is deformed (reversed) at time G, and the load immediately before this deformation (reversed) is approximately equal to the load characteristic D−+E. It has become.

On the other hand, the armature 6 moves from the operating position (Fig. 2) to the return position (
When returning to FIG.
, and at time P the bent portion undergoes restoring deformation (reversal).

Also, the load just before this deformation (reversal) is the load characteristic D-+E
It is approximately equal to .

Therefore, the load on the reversing spring member 8 is superimposed at times other than the return and actuation of the armature 6 and the opening of the contact, more specifically after the closing of the contact. As a result, when the armature 6 moves from the return position to the operating position, the overall load characteristics are as follows: A-+B→C-4D-+E-++J→H
→G→F, when moving from the operating position to the return position, F
-+E-+D-+C-+B→L-4PM-+N-+P-
+A.

As is clear from this overall load characteristic, the load on the driving force of the armature 6 after the contact is closed is increased compared to when the reversing spring member 8 is not provided. In other words, the energy in the hatched areas U and V in FIG. 4 is absorbed by the reversing spring member 8. Therefore, in addition to ensuring smooth contact opening/closing operation, the speed at the end of the armature 6 operation is weakened, reducing impact noise and reducing wear and deformation of the impact point. Contact bounce during closing is also reduced. In this case as well, since the load on the reversing spring member 8 is eliminated in the operating position, the holding force is not reduced even if the electromagnetic device consumes a large amount of power.

FIG. 7 shows a modification of the reversing spring member.

This inversion spring member 18 also has a U-shaped side surface formed by a long piece 18a, a short piece 18b, and a connecting piece 18c.
The inner diameter of the short piece 18b is formed to be slightly larger than the plate thickness of the armature 6. The shape of the long piece 18a is different from the previous embodiment. That is, the long piece 18a consists of two leg pieces 8d and 8f, each of which has its base end fixed to the intermediate portion 6b of the armature 6.

Then, at the connecting portion 8g on the tip side of the two leg pieces 8d and 8f,
It has been given a slight bend in advance. This flexure functions similarly to that of the previous embodiment.

In the embodiments described so far, the reversing spring members 8 and 18 also serve as legal plates and are connected to the armature 6.
However, the magnetic pole part 4d of the yoke 4 and the coil frame 5a
Alternatively, it may be provided on the lower case 1 or the like, or further on the movable frame 14 or the upper case 2. It can also be applied to electromagnetic relays with a small number of contacts.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The electromagnetic switch according to claim (1) can secure a holding force in the operating position while absorbing an excessive armature driving force that may cause harmful effects, and can open and close contacts without increasing power consumption. Operation is stabilized.

In addition to the action described in claim (1), the electromagnetic switch according to claim (2) has a certain amount of load superimposed before the contact is closed, so that a sudden increase in load when the contact is closed can be prevented. This makes it possible to stabilize the contact opening/closing operation without increasing power consumption and by smoothing the load change when the contact is closed.

In addition to the action described in claim (1), the electromagnetic switch according to claim (3) has a certain amount of load superimposed after the contact is closed, so that the speed at the end of the armature operation can be reduced and power consumption can be reduced. Without increasing the size, the impact at the end of the armature operation is reduced, reducing the resulting noise, reducing wear and deformation of the impact point, and further reducing contact bounce when the contact closes due to the high closing speed. can.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing its operating state, Fig. 3 is a load characteristic diagram thereof, and Fig. 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention. A load characteristic diagram of an embodiment, FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of an electromagnetic contactor to which the present invention is applied, FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a reversing spring member, and FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a modification thereof. . 1-lower case, lb-pressing part, 2-upper case, 3-electromagnetic device, 4--yoke, 4d--magnetic pole part, 5
Coil, 5a-coil frame, 6-armature, 6b-intermediate portion, 6c-tip portion, 7-permanent magnet, 8-reversing spring member,
8a-long piece, 8b-short piece, 8cm series of pieces, 8d,
8e, 8f-leg piece, 11-contact device, 12 fixed contact, 12a-fixed contact terminal, ■3 movable contact, 13
a - Movable contact, 14 - Movable frame, 15 - Contact pressure spring, 16 - Terminal screw, 17 - Return spring. Figure 1

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) An electromagnetic device having a yoke, a coil, and an armature, a contact device having a fixed contact, a movable contact, and a movable frame that supports the movable contact, and operating the armature by controlling the excitation of the coil; In an electromagnetic switch in which a movable frame responds to this and opens and closes a contact, a reversal spring is used in which a load is superimposed on the load characteristic of the armature's driving force at times other than when the armature returns, operates, and closes the contact. An electromagnetic switch characterized in that a member is attached. (2) The electromagnetic switch according to claim (1), wherein the load caused by the reversing spring member is superimposed before the contact is closed. (3) The electromagnetic switch according to claim (1), wherein the load caused by the reversing spring member is superimposed after the contact is closed.