JPH0466956B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0466956B2 JPH0466956B2 JP60182905A JP18290585A JPH0466956B2 JP H0466956 B2 JPH0466956 B2 JP H0466956B2 JP 60182905 A JP60182905 A JP 60182905A JP 18290585 A JP18290585 A JP 18290585A JP H0466956 B2 JPH0466956 B2 JP H0466956B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- roll
- carbides
- forged steel
- rolls
- calender
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002301 combined effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;methane Chemical compound C.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Paper (AREA)
Description
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は製紙用の鍛鋼製焼入カレンダーロール
に関するものである。
（従来の技術）
長い年月、カレンダーロールとして鋳鉄製のチ
ルドロールが使用され、合金チルドなどにより表
面光輝性の改善を行なつてきたが、十分な成果は
得られなかつた。ところで特公昭57−9423号公報
による鍛鋼製焼入カレンダーロールの発明により
耐肌荒性および耐食性の改善が行なわれ、耐肌荒
性は万全のものとなつたが、再研磨加工時に加工
歪が発生するという問題が新たに発生した。
（発明が解決しようとする問題点）
カレンダーロールの受ける応力は、鍛鋼製焼入
ロールの強靭性に対しては極めて軽いものであ
り、従来使用されてきたチルドロールのチルはげ
（スポーリング）の様な事故は炭化物の分布状態
に依存しているため通常の鍛鋼製焼入ロールでは
全く発生しない事故である。カレンダーロールの
表面は0.1〜0.8Sの表面粗度が要求されるもので
炭化物の大きさはμ程度に制限するのが望まし
い。
紙の光沢を出すためのカレンダーロールの表面
では、パルプによる摩擦及び発熱が生じ、粗大炭
化物が分布する場合には母相との物性値の異なる
ことに基因する表面肌荒れが生じる。また、金属
圧延の際ロールの表面に発生する金属による摩耗
は、カレンダーロールの場合には全くみられず、
金属の表面を紙が高速ですべる事によるすりへり
摩耗のみが重要である。このすりへり摩耗に対し
てはHv1500以上の炭化物が細かく分布している
事が極めて有効である炭化物をM7C3型にすると
硬度面では有利となるがしかし炭化物の分布の程
度はM3C型の方が鍛造により容易に微細分散さ
せることが可能であり、又球状化熱処理において
はM3C型の方が容易に球状化させることができ
る。さらにM7C3型の炭化物は炭素量を多くして
もその体積百分率はM3C型の場合よりも低くな
るので、すりへり摩耗に対する抵抗力および光輝
性の維持には、M3C型がM7C3型より効果的であ
り、かかる点からCr量を３％未満に限定した材
料の方が良好である。
（問題点を解決するための手段）
本発明は製紙用カレンダーロールに要求される
耐肌荒性、光輝性、耐摩耗性に着目し、さらに製
紙工程で紙の表面状況改善のために用いられるあ
る種の酸に対する耐腐食性も併せて考慮して機械
的および化学的な耐損耗性に優れた鍛鋼製焼入カ
レンダーロールを提供しようとするもので、その
要旨は重量でC0.75〜1.4％、Cr0.8〜３％未満、
Si0.15〜1.0％、Mn0.15〜1.0％、Ni0.5〜4.0％、
Mo2.0〜2.5％、B0.0002〜0.05％および希土類元
素0.02〜0.1％を含み、残部実質的にFeおよび不
可避不純物からなり、微細に分散された球状の
M3C型炭化物よりなる金属組識を有することを
特徴とする鍛鋼製焼入カレンダーロールにある。
次に本発明の各成分の限定理由を説明する。
Ｃはロールの硬度を支配する重要な元素で、炭
化物を残留させるためには0.75％以上が必要であ
る。Ｃが低すぎると焼入マルテンサイト均一の組
識となり耐すりへり摩耗性はマルテンサイトの硬
度のみに依存するので期待できない。また1.4％
を越えると炭化物量が多くなり、球状炭化物の他
に粗大な炭化物の形成があり、光輝性が失なわれ
る。
Siは脱酸剤として鋼の製造には不可欠で、カレ
ンダーロールとして必要な耐摩耗性を得るには
0.15％以上添加する必要があるが、1.0％を越え
て添加しても耐摩耗性、光輝性の更なる改善効果
はない。従つてSiの含有量の範囲は0.15〜1.0％と
する。
MnはSiとともに脱酸剤として鋼の製造には不
可欠の元素であり、0.15％以上を添加する事を必
要とするが、Ｓと化学的に結合しやすいため1.0
％を越えて添加されると、製品の熱処理後の機械
的強度を著しく減ずるので最大含有量は1.0％と
する。
Niは深い焼入硬化深度を得るのに有効な元素
であり、本発明の成分範囲においては、0.5％以
上の添加でその効果が発揮される。カレンダーロ
ールの場合、サイジング材として水または酸が使
用されるため耐食性も具備しなければならない。
Niはかかる耐食性の向上に極めて有効であり４
％以下の添加により十分な効果が得られるがそれ
以上添加されると焼入硬化深度を低下させるよう
になるため、Niの含有量の範囲は0.5〜4.0％とす
る。
Crは耐食性及び炭化物形成元素として重要な
役割を与えられるが、含有量が3.0％以上になる
と他の合金元素との複合効果によりM7C3型の特
殊な炭化物を形成しやすくなり、光輝性および耐
すりへり摩耗性を損ねる原因となる。一方Crは
焼入性を改善する効果もあり安価な合金成分でも
あり有用な元素である0.8％未満では、焼入性の
改善はほとんどない。従つてM3C型炭化物を安
定的に晶出するにはCrの含有量の範囲は0.8〜3.0
％未満とする。
Ｂは0.0002％以上の添加で焼入深度の改善効果
がみられ、カレンダーロールに必要な硬度を得る
ことに有用な元素である。しかし0.05％を越えて
添加されると焼割れの原因となり、チル化傾向が
助長されるので望ましくない。従つてＢの添加は
0.0002〜0.05％の範囲とする。
希土類元素（REM）は、セメンタイト及び少
量残留することになる炭化物を微細に、均一に分
布させるのに有効な元素であり、その効果は0.02
％以上の添加で顕著であるが、0.1％を越える添
加では、マルテンサイト組識を粗大化し、材料の
熱処理後の機械的性質を劣化する。従つて希土類
元素の含有量の範囲は0.02〜0.1％とする。希土
類元素の添加による炭化物の分布形状（第１図参
照）の改善によりカレンダーロールの耐摩耗性あ
るいは光輝性の均一化が得られ再研磨までの時間
の延長が可能になり、ロールコストの低減に役立
つことになる。
Moは焼入れ性を大きく改善する元素であり、
Ms点をほとんど低下させないため、残留オース
テナイト量を増加させる事もなく、大型鍛鋼品に
おいて焼入れ深度を得るために効果がある。また
Moは炭化物を形成し、耐摩耗性を向上させる
が、中でも焼戻しによる含Moの微細な炭化物の
析出により耐摩耗性の均一化を計る事ができる。
さらにMoはαFeの格子定数を拡げるため焼入れ
時の歪すなわち残留応力を緩和する効果を有する
ので、大型鍛鋼品を製造する場合、熱処理時ある
いは仕上加工時に発生する歪を緩和するために有
効となる。
前記したMoの効果は２％以上の添加によつて
十分発揮されるが、2.5％を越えると鍛造性が劣
化する。従つてMoの含有量は2.0〜2.5％の範囲
とする。
次に本発明の実施例について示す。
下表に示す化学成分を有する鋼塊を溶製し、鍛
造、球状化熱処理、機械加工、調質熱処理後高周
波焼入ならびに低温焼戻し処理後、仕上加工して
製造され、M3C型炭化物の金属組識を有する本
発明カレンダーロールと金属圧延用ロールとして
使用する鍛鋼焼入ロールを同一条件で熱処理した
場合の表面肌荒れの比較検討結果は、金属圧延ロ
ールの表面肌荒れよりも極めて良好な肌状況であ
り、１回の使用期間の延長あるいは焼入深度が深
いことによる使用径の増加による総使用期間の延
長が期待される。
(Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a forged steel hardened calendar roll for paper manufacturing. (Prior Art) Chilled rolls made of cast iron have been used as calender rolls for many years, and attempts have been made to improve surface brightness by using chilled alloys, etc., but sufficient results have not been obtained. By the way, with the invention of a forged steel hardened calendar roll published in Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-9423, the roughness resistance and corrosion resistance have been improved. A new problem has arisen. (Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The stress applied to calender rolls is extremely light compared to the toughness of forged steel quenched rolls, and the stress applied to calender rolls is extremely low compared to the toughness of forged steel quenched rolls. Such accidents do not occur at all with ordinary forged steel quench rolls because they depend on the distribution of carbides. The surface of the calender roll is required to have a surface roughness of 0.1 to 0.8S, and it is desirable to limit the size of carbides to about μ. On the surface of a calender roll used to make paper glossy, friction and heat generation occur due to the pulp, and when coarse carbides are distributed, surface roughness occurs due to differences in physical properties from the parent phase. In addition, the metal abrasion that occurs on the surface of the roll during metal rolling is completely absent in the case of calendar rolls.
Only the abrasive wear caused by the paper sliding at high speed over the metal surface is important. A finely distributed carbide of Hv1500 or higher is extremely effective against this abrasive wear.If the carbide is M7C3 type, it is advantageous in terms of hardness, but the extent of the carbide distribution is M3C type. The M 3 C type can be more easily finely dispersed by forging, and the M 3 C type can be more easily spheroidized in the spheroidizing heat treatment. Furthermore, even if the carbon content of the M 7 C 3 type carbide is increased, its volume percentage will be lower than that of the M 3 C type . It is more effective than the M 7 C 3 type, and from this point of view, materials with a limited Cr content of less than 3% are better. (Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention focuses on the roughness resistance, brightness, and abrasion resistance required for papermaking calendar rolls, and furthermore, it is used to improve the surface condition of paper in the papermaking process. The aim is to provide a forged steel hardened calendar roll with excellent mechanical and chemical wear resistance, taking into account corrosion resistance against certain acids. %, Cr0.8~less than 3%,
Si0.15~1.0%, Mn0.15~1.0%, Ni0.5~4.0%,
Contains Mo2.0~2.5%, B0.0002~0.05% and rare earth elements 0.02~0.1%, the remainder essentially consists of Fe and unavoidable impurities, finely dispersed spherical
A hardened calendar roll made of forged steel characterized by having a metal structure consisting of M 3 C type carbide. Next, the reason for limiting each component of the present invention will be explained. C is an important element that controls the hardness of the roll, and 0.75% or more is required to retain carbides. If C is too low, the structure of quenched martensite becomes uniform, and the abrasion resistance cannot be expected because it depends only on the hardness of martensite. Also 1.4%
When the amount exceeds 100%, the amount of carbides increases, and coarse carbides are formed in addition to spherical carbides, resulting in loss of brightness. Si is essential in steel manufacturing as a deoxidizing agent, and it is necessary to obtain the wear resistance required for calender rolls.
Although it is necessary to add 0.15% or more, adding more than 1.0% does not have any effect of further improving wear resistance or brightness. Therefore, the Si content range is 0.15 to 1.0%. Mn is an essential element for steel manufacturing as a deoxidizing agent along with Si, and it is necessary to add 0.15% or more, but since it is easy to chemically combine with S, Mn is an essential element for steel manufacturing.
If added in excess of 1.0%, the mechanical strength of the product after heat treatment will be significantly reduced, so the maximum content should be 1.0%. Ni is an effective element for obtaining a deep quench hardening depth, and within the composition range of the present invention, its effect is exhibited when it is added in an amount of 0.5% or more. In the case of calender rolls, since water or acid is used as a sizing material, they must also have corrosion resistance.
Ni is extremely effective in improving corrosion resistance4.
Although a sufficient effect can be obtained by adding less than 1% of Ni, if more than that is added, the quench hardening depth is reduced, so the range of Ni content is set to 0.5 to 4.0%. Cr is given an important role as a corrosion resistance and carbide-forming element, but when the content exceeds 3.0%, it becomes easy to form a special M 7 C 3 type carbide due to the combined effect with other alloying elements, which reduces brightness. and cause loss of abrasion resistance. On the other hand, Cr is a useful element that has the effect of improving hardenability and is an inexpensive alloying component.If it is less than 0.8%, there is almost no improvement in hardenability. Therefore, in order to stably crystallize M 3 C type carbide, the Cr content range is 0.8 to 3.0.
Less than %. B has an effect of improving the hardening depth when added in an amount of 0.0002% or more, and is an element useful in obtaining the hardness required for calender rolls. However, if it is added in an amount exceeding 0.05%, it causes quench cracking and promotes the tendency to chill, which is not desirable. Therefore, the addition of B is
It should be in the range of 0.0002 to 0.05%. Rare earth elements (REM) are effective elements for finely and uniformly distributing cementite and carbides that remain in small amounts, and the effect is 0.02
This is noticeable when the content exceeds 0.1%, but when the content exceeds 0.1%, the martensite structure becomes coarse and the mechanical properties of the material after heat treatment deteriorate. Therefore, the content of rare earth elements should be in the range of 0.02 to 0.1%. By improving the distribution shape of carbides (see Figure 1) by adding rare earth elements, the wear resistance or brightness of the calender roll can be made uniform, making it possible to extend the time until repolishing and reducing roll costs. It will be helpful. Mo is an element that greatly improves hardenability.
Since it hardly lowers the Ms point, it does not increase the amount of retained austenite, and is effective in obtaining a hardening depth in large steel forgings. Also
Mo forms carbides and improves wear resistance, and in particular, the precipitation of fine Mo-containing carbides during tempering can make wear resistance uniform.
Furthermore, since Mo expands the lattice constant of αFe, it has the effect of alleviating strain, or residual stress, during quenching, so when manufacturing large forged steel products, it is effective in alleviating strain that occurs during heat treatment or finishing. . The above-mentioned effect of Mo is fully exhibited by adding 2% or more, but if it exceeds 2.5%, forgeability deteriorates. Therefore, the content of Mo should be in the range of 2.0 to 2.5%. Next, examples of the present invention will be described. It is manufactured by melting a steel ingot having the chemical composition shown in the table below, forging, spheroidizing heat treatment, machining, refining heat treatment, induction hardening and low temperature tempering, and finishing processing. The results of a comparative study of surface roughness when the calendar roll of the present invention having a metallic structure and a forged steel quenched roll used as a metal rolling roll were heat treated under the same conditions showed that the surface roughness was much better than that of the metal rolling roll. Therefore, it is expected that the total usage period will be extended due to an extension of the usage period per use or an increase in the usage diameter due to the deep quenching depth.
【表】
試験条件 面 圧 ５Kg／mm2
速 度 800m／min
温 度 25℃：時間 ３時間
試験前の表面仕上精度 0.2S
試験後の本発明品 0.3S
金属圧延用ロール 0.6S
又、前記の本発明カレンダーロールと金属圧延
用鍛鋼焼入れロールの熱処理後の表面残留応力を
比較したところ、金属圧延用鍛鋼焼入れロールが
−30〜−60Kg／mm2であるのに対して、本発明カレ
ンダーロールは−20〜−40Kg／mm2と低い値であつ
た。第１表は本発明カレンダーロールの実施例を
示しており、十分な硬化深度を得ることができる
とともに焼入れ残留応力も比較的低い値である。
この結果仕上加工時に生ずる歪は金属圧延用鍛鋼
焼入れロールに比べ、本発明カレンダーロールは
非常に小さく、表面研磨の際の機械的な応力の増
加によるロール本体の歪の発生は実用上全く問題
のない範囲にとどまつた。
なお第１表に示す本発明カレンダーロールはい
ずれも球状化されたM3C型炭化物を有する金属
組織であつた。[Table] Test conditions Surface pressure 5Kg/mm 2 Speed 800m/min Temperature 25℃: Time 3 hours Surface finish accuracy before test 0.2S Inventive product after test 0.3S Metal rolling roll 0.6S In addition, the above A comparison of the surface residual stress after heat treatment of the calender roll of the present invention and a forged steel quenching roll for metal rolling revealed that the forged steel quenching roll for metal rolling had a stress of -30 to -60 Kg/ mm2 , whereas the calender roll of the present invention had a stress of -30 to -60 kg/mm2. The values were as low as -20 to -40 Kg/ mm2 . Table 1 shows examples of the calender roll of the present invention, in which a sufficient hardening depth can be obtained and the quenching residual stress is also relatively low.
As a result, the strain produced during finishing is much smaller in the calendar roll of the present invention than in forged steel hardened rolls for metal rolling, and distortion in the roll body due to increased mechanical stress during surface polishing is practically no problem. It stayed within a certain range. The calender rolls of the present invention shown in Table 1 all had a metal structure having spheroidized M 3 C type carbides.
第１図は本発明のカレンダーロールの金属組織
を示す顕微鏡写真（倍率100）で炭化物は球状化
されたM3C型炭化物である。
FIG. 1 is a micrograph (magnification: 100) showing the metal structure of the calender roll of the present invention, and the carbide is a spheroidized M 3 C type carbide.
Claims (1)
Si0.15〜1.0％、Mn0.15〜1.0％、Ni0.5〜4.0％、
Mo2.0〜2.5％、B0.0002〜0.05％及び希土類元素
0.02〜0.1％を含み、残部は実質的にFeおよび不
可避不純物からなり、微細に分散された球状の
M3C型炭化物よりなる金属組識を有することを
特徴とする鍛鋼製焼入カレンダーロール。1 C0.75-1.4%, Cr0.8-3.0% by weight,
Si0.15~1.0%, Mn0.15~1.0%, Ni0.5~4.0%,
Mo2.0~2.5%, B0.0002~0.05% and rare earth elements
Contains 0.02~0.1%, with the remainder essentially consisting of Fe and unavoidable impurities, with finely dispersed spherical
A hardened calendar roll made of forged steel characterized by having a metal structure consisting of M 3 C type carbide.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18290585A JPS6244558A (en) | 1985-08-21 | 1985-08-21 | Hardened calender roll stock made of forged steel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18290585A JPS6244558A (en) | 1985-08-21 | 1985-08-21 | Hardened calender roll stock made of forged steel |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6244558A JPS6244558A (en) | 1987-02-26 |
| JPH0466956B2 true JPH0466956B2 (en) | 1992-10-26 |
Family
ID=16126425
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18290585A Granted JPS6244558A (en) | 1985-08-21 | 1985-08-21 | Hardened calender roll stock made of forged steel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6244558A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109536844B (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2020-11-06 | 西华大学 | High-temperature-resistant die steel and preparation method thereof |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5858254A (en) * | 1981-09-30 | 1983-04-06 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Alloy steel |
-
1985
- 1985-08-21 JP JP18290585A patent/JPS6244558A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5858254A (en) * | 1981-09-30 | 1983-04-06 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Alloy steel |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6244558A (en) | 1987-02-26 |
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| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
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| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |