JPH0462300A - Ventilation method for tunnel work and ventiduct used therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To promote ventilation efficiency by making part of fresh air flow radially from the circumference of an air-supply ventiduct to form a air-curtain, and absorbing polluted air surely from an inlet-port to exhaust. CONSTITUTION:An inlet port 6 with an inlet fan 11 is provided to a position separate from a working place 3 and, at the same time, an outlet 9 is provided near to the working place 3. After that, a proper number of air-curtain holes 13 is provided in the circumferential direction so that part of fresh air is capable of blowing radially to the circumference near to the outlet 9 of an air supply ventiduct 4 as an air-curtain 8. According to the constitution, polluted air such as dust, exhaust gas, etc., caused by tunnel works can be surely exhausted and, at the same time, fresh air can be surly supplied, and ventilation efficiency can be promoted to make a working environment better.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Purpose of the Invention [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention provides a ventilation method that reliably exhausts dirty air and supplies fresh air in order to improve the air environment at a work site during tunnel construction. , and a wind pipe used to carry out the method.

[Conventional technology]

The air in and around the work area inside the tunnel is quite polluted due to a large amount of dust and exhaust gas generated from concrete spraying work and the operation of heavy machinery. If left in this state, it is an environment that is harmful to health, such as respiratory problems.

Therefore, conventional ventilation means for tunnel construction have been as follows.

i) As shown in Figure 4, an exhaust wind pipe is installed from near the surface of the work area in the tunnel (1) to the entrance (2), and the dirty air is transferred to an intake fan in the surface of the exhaust wind pipe. The air is forced to exhaust air, and fresh air is allowed to flow in naturally.

ii) As shown in Figure 5, install an air supply pipe from the entrance surface of the tunnel (]') away from the surface of the work area toward the surface of the work area, and supply fresh air to the surface of the work area. air pipe (41
Air is forcibly supplied by the intake fan inside the fan, and dirty air is naturally discharged as a result.

iii) As shown in Figure 6, the tunnel (11) is equipped with both an exhaust pipe (g) similar to that in i) above and a supply air pipe (g) similar to that in ii above. The intake fan ab in the air supply pipe (a) forcibly supplies clean air to the vicinity of the work area (c), and the exhaust air pipe (intake fan ob in 6) forces the dirty air from the work area. Examples include those that are designed to be discharged in a controlled manner.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

The above conventional ventilation means for tunnel construction has the following problems.

In the above i) and ii), either exhaust or air supply is forcibly performed by the intake fan-06 of the exhaust wind pipe (5') or the air supply river wind pipe (a). . Therefore,
Dirty air remains near the surface of the work area inside the tunnel (1), and fresh air is not sufficiently supplied, resulting in poor ventilation efficiency.

Since the method iii) above forcibly performs both exhaust and air supply, it has better ventilation efficiency than the methods i) and ii) above.

However, even if air supply and exhaust are forced, the tunnel (1
') is large, so not all of the dirty air is sucked in from the suction 0 bacteria of the exhaust air pipe (5). A part of the dirty air is not sucked in from the suction port (7), but instead passes through the vicinity of the suction port (7) and moves to the front side of the entrance of the tunnel (1).

Therefore, as mentioned above, the dirty air is sucked together with fresh air at the suction pipe of the air supply pipe installed near the entrance (2') of the tunnel (6) located a little away from the work site (35). , is again supplied near the surface of the work area.Therefore, the ventilation means of iii) above cannot be said to have sufficient ventilation efficiency.

The present invention aims to solve the problems of the conventional ventilation means for tunnel construction.

That is, an object of the present invention is to reliably exhaust dirty air such as dust and exhaust gas generated near work areas in tunnels, and to provide fresh air while having a simple configuration similar to the conventional ventilation means described above. Reliable supply, excellent ventilation efficiency,
An object of the present invention is to provide a ventilation method for tunnel construction and a wind pipe used therein.

Structure of the Invention (Means for Solving the Problems) ■ The ventilation method for tunnel construction according to the present invention forcibly supplies fresh air to the vicinity of the work site (3) through the air supply pipe (4). At the same time, the dirty air is removed from the exhaust wind pipe (5
) in a ventilation method for tunnel construction in which exhaust air is forcibly discharged out of the tunnel (1) through the exhaust air pipe (5), which is located at the entrance (2) of the tunnel (1) slightly from the inlet (7) of the exhaust pipe (5).
At an offset position, a part of the fresh air flows out radially from the circumference of the air supply wind pipe (6) to form an air curtain (8), and dirty air is sucked into the exhaust wind pipe (5). The air is prevented from passing outside the port (7), and is ensured to be sucked through the suction port (7) and exhausted to the outside of the tunnel (1).

■ The first wind pipe (A) used in the ventilation method for tunnel construction according to the present invention has an inlet (6) with an intake fan installed at a position away from the work area (3), and an outlet (9). ) to the work area (3)
In the air supply wind pipe (4) used in the tunnel construction ventilation method installed nearby, there is a
An appropriate number of air curtain holes are provided in the circumferential direction so that a portion of fresh air can be blown out radially as an air curtain (8).

■ The second wind pipe (A) used in the ventilation method for tunnel construction according to the present invention has a suction port (6) equipped with an intake fan Qll at the work site (3).
The air outlet (9) should be located away from the work area (3).
) In the air supply wind pipe (4) used in the ventilation method for tunnel construction installed nearby, the surrounding area near the outlet (9) of the air supply river wind pipe (4)
An appropriate number of air curtain holes 03 are provided in the circumferential direction so that a part of the fresh air can be blown out radially as an air curtain (8), and the air curtain hole 03 is provided in an appropriate number in the circumferential direction, and the air curtain is It is formed by forming a small diameter portion (IT) that narrows the inner diameter of the tube (4).

In the above configuration, the material of both the air supply wind pipe (4) and the exhaust air pipe (5) as wind pipes is preferably a flexible soft pipe, but metal pipes may also be used.

Further, both the air supply wind pipe (4) and the exhaust wind pipe (5) are preferably installed near the upper part of the tunnel +11 near the work area (3).

Unlike the exhaust wind pipe (5), the air supply wind pipe (4) is not long to the outside of the tunnel (1), but its suction port (6
) is away from the work area (3), in other words, the length is such that it is away from the suction port (7) of the exhaust pipe (5) and slightly closer to the entrance (2) of the tunnel (11). That's fine.

To form a small diameter part (17) for narrowing the inner diameter of the wind pipe (4) on the outlet (9) side of the air curtain hole a1J, for example, as shown in FIG. It is preferable to connect and interpose a short wind pipe (119) formed to have αη to a location near the outlet (9) of the air supply wind pipe (4).

In the figure, αΦ indicates the outlet of the exhaust wind pipe (5), and Φ indicates the intake fan of the exhaust wind pipe (5).

[For production]

The ventilation method for tunnel construction according to the present invention and the usage conditions of the wind pipe used therein are as follows.

i) In the ventilation method for tunnel construction according to the present invention, the exhaust air pipe (5) is installed so that its suction port (7) is located near the work area (3) and near the top of the tunnel (1). The air outlet QOI is provided outside the tunnel (1).

On the other hand, when installing the air supply river wind pipe (4), its suction port (6)
is located closer to the entrance (2) of the tunnel (1) than the inlet (7) of the exhaust pipe (5), and its outlet (9) is located near the top near the work area (3). and an air curtain hole (13) near the outlet (9).
is provided at a position closer to the entrance (2) of the tunnel (1) than the suction port (7) of the exhaust wind pipe (5).

ii) The air supply river wind pipe (4) as the wind pipe according to the present invention,
When ventilation is performed by installing the tunnel (1) together with the exhaust pipe (5) as described above, the air flow is as follows.

First, fresh air is sucked by the intake fan αυ from the intake port (6) near the entrance (2) of the tunnel (1) through the air supply wind pipe (4), and this fresh air is transferred to the air supply tube(
4) to near the work area (3), and is sent to the air outlet (9).
).

On the other hand, through the exhaust wind pipe (5), dirty air such as dust and exhaust gas generated at the work area (3) is transferred to the exhaust wind pipe (5).
Air is sucked in by the suction fan from the suction port (7) of 5), sent to the outside of the tunnel (1) through the long exhaust pipe (5), and discharged from the air outlet Ql.

In the above case, the supply air pipe (4) has its outlet (9).
) An appropriate number of holes for air curtains are provided in the circumferential direction near the circumference. Therefore, a portion of the fresh air sent through the air supply wind pipe (4) is absorbed into each air curtain hole α.
An air curtain (8) blows out radially from the dome, and is located slightly closer to the entrance (2) of the tunnel (1) than the suction port (7) of the exhaust wind pipe (5), and shields the inside of the tunnel (1) in the cross-sectional direction.
) is formed.

Therefore, the dirty air near the work area (3) does not move toward the entrance (2) of the tunnel (1), so all of it is sucked in from the suction port (7) of the exhaust pipe (5). , and is discharged to the outside of the tunnel (1) through the exhaust pipe (5).

Therefore, the dirty air is not sucked in again at the suction port (6) of the air supply pipe (4) in the middle of the tunnel (1), and it does not return near the work area (3), which reduces ventilation efficiency. get well.

iii) Air supply wind pipe (4) as a wind pipe according to the present invention
In the case where a small diameter portion with a narrowed inner diameter is formed on the side of the air outlet (9) from the air curtain hole Q3), the wind pipe (
4) A portion of the passage of the fresh air sent inside is blocked by the small diameter portion Q7).

Therefore, the air sent through the wind pipe (4) is blown out radially from each air curtain hole α (end) in front of the small diameter section, but the blowing force and speed increases, and the blowing amount also decreases. is increasing. Therefore, in this case, the air curtain (
8) is more powerful and improves the -layer ventilation efficiency.

〔Example〕

The material of the air supply wind pipe (4) and the exhaust wind pipe (5) are flexible synthetic resin pipes such as polyethylene, vinyl chloride, nylon, etc., and are designed to prevent bending inside the tunnel (1). It is possible.

The positional relationship between the air supply wind pipe (4) and the exhaust wind pipe (5) is as shown in Figure 1 (both wind pipes (4) are closed near the work area (3)
(5) Both are installed near the upper part of the tunnel (1). In particular, the air curtain hole α near the outlet (9) of the air supply wind pipe (4) is ) is located slightly closer to the entrance (2) of the tunnel (1) than the suction port (7) of the tunnel (1).

The air curtain holes αJ are preferably elongated in the circumferential direction and provided at equal intervals. The size is, for example, for an air supply wind pipe (4mm) with an inner diameter of 1200+s+,
It is sufficient to use a long one in the circumferential direction of about 10100×20, and to form a plurality of these in the circumferential direction.

The exhaust wind pipe (5) is connected to the suction port (
7) Fix the area near the top of the car tunnel, connect and extend the wind pipe (5) as the construction progresses, and install the tunnel +1.
It is possible to move to the back of 1.

Air supply wind pipe (4)l, hang near the outlet (9) from the top of the tunnel (1), and hang near the air inlet (6) from the trolley α9.
When the air outlet (9) side is moved to the back as construction progresses, the suction port (6) side can also be moved to the back.

On the outlet (9) side of the air curtain hole (2) of the air supply wind pipe (4), there is a small diameter part 07' that narrows the inner diameter of the wind pipe (4).
To form the short wind pipe αe, which has the air curtain hole (2) and the small diameter part f11, as shown in FIG. Connect and intervene at the location.

Intake air 7120 of air supply wind pipe (4) and exhaust wind pipe (5)
For the 0th song, an axial fan is used.

Effects of the Invention As is clear from the above description, the ventilation method for tunnel construction according to the present invention and the wind pipe used therein have a simple structure similar to conventional ventilation means of this type, but are effective against dust and dust generated during tunnel construction. It is possible to reliably exhaust dirty air such as exhaust gas, and also to reliably supply fresh air, improving ventilation efficiency and improving the working environment.

In other words, with conventional ventilation methods for tunnel construction, even when forced ventilation is performed using fans using supply air pipes and exhaust air pipes, it is difficult to ventilate all of the dirty air generated in the work area. do not have. Ventilation efficiency was poor because part of the dirty air was sucked into the air supply pipe midway through the tunnel and then supplied again near the work area.

However, in the ventilation method for tunnel construction of the present invention and the wind pipe used therein, a portion of fresh air is blown out radially from the periphery of the air supply river wind pipe, forming an air curtain. Since the inside of the tunnel is blocked in the cross-sectional direction by this air curtain, the dirty air generated at the work site is reliably sucked through the suction port of the exhaust wind pipe.

Therefore, all of the dirty air can be forcibly discharged out of the tunnel through the exhaust wind pipe, which greatly improves ventilation efficiency and improves the working environment.

Furthermore, in the present invention, for shielding by an air curtain,
Even if the intake wind pipe is relatively short, it does not suck in dirty air, so the intake wind pipe can be shortened, which is economically advantageous.

Moreover, in the present invention, in the case where a small diameter portion with a narrowed inner diameter is formed on the outlet side of the air curtain hole of the air supply river wind pipe as a wind pipe, the fresh air sent through the wind pipe is
Part of the passage is blocked by the small diameter section. Therefore, when the air sent through the wind pipe is blown out radially from each air curtain hole on the front side of the small diameter part, the blowing force and speed are increased, and the amount of air blown out is also increased. Therefore, in this case, the air curtain that shields the inside of the tunnel in the cross-sectional direction can be made stronger, and the ventilation efficiency in the second layer can be improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing an embodiment of the ventilation method for tunnel construction according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the main part of the embodiment of the air supply river wind pipe according to the present invention, and FIG. Perspective views of main parts of other embodiments of the air supply wind pipe according to the invention, FIGS. 4, 5, and 6
The figures are vertical front views showing examples of conventional ventilation methods for tunnel construction. Drawing code (1) -) Channel (3) - Construction area (5) - Exhaust wind pipe (7) - Suction port (9) - Air outlet (11) - Intake fan α - Air curtain hole (2) - Inlet (4) - Intake wind pipe (6) - Suction port (8) - Air curtain 00) - Outlet a Sea intake fan 01 - Small diameter section Applicant Masaru Matsuo Mori Yato Sangyo Co., Ltd.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) Fresh air is forcibly supplied near the work area (3) through the air supply pipe (4), and dirty air is
In a ventilation method for tunnel construction in which exhaust air is forcibly discharged outside the tunnel (1) using an exhaust air pipe (5), the tunnel (1) is slightly
), part of the fresh air flows out radially from the periphery of the supply air pipe (4) to form an air curtain (8), and the dirty air is transferred to the exhaust air. Tunnel work characterized by preventing the pipe (5) from passing outside the suction port (7) and ensuring that suction is drawn through the suction port (7) and exhausted to the outside of the tunnel (1). ventilation method. (2) The air supply used in the ventilation method for tunnel construction, in which the suction port (6) with the intake fan (11) is located away from the work area (3), and the outlet (9) is provided near the work area (3). In the air pipe (4), on the periphery near the outlet (9) of the air supply pipe (4),
A wind pipe used in a ventilation method for tunnel construction, characterized in that an appropriate number of air curtain holes (13) are provided in the circumferential direction so that a part of fresh air can be blown out radially as an air curtain (8). (3) The air supply used in the ventilation method for tunnel construction, in which the inlet (6) with the intake fan (11) is located away from the work area (3), and the outlet (9) is located near the work area (3). In the air pipe (4), on the periphery near the outlet (9) of the air supply pipe (4),
An appropriate number of air curtain holes (13) are provided in the circumferential direction so that a portion of the fresh air can be blown out radially as an air curtain (8), and the air curtain holes (13) are connected to the air outlet (9).
A wind pipe used in a ventilation method for tunnel construction, characterized in that a small diameter part (17) is formed on the side by narrowing the inner diameter of the wind pipe (4).