JPH0689640B2 - Method and device for cleaning air in tunnel - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for cleaning air in a tunnel and a cleaning device used therefor, and more particularly, to a blasting device such as a face portion in a tunnel. When the air is contaminated by post gas, dust of sprayed concrete for roll-up, etc., the part is divided by an air curtain to prevent the contaminated air from diffusing into the tunnel. The present invention relates to an air cleaning method and a cleaning device for improving the above.

[Prior Art] In order to improve and maintain the working environment in the tunnel, pipes have been conventionally installed to take in fresh air from the outside of the well or the side of the well, and an air supply port is provided at each work site. Ventilation is performed by introducing outside air. However, as it is, polluted air diffuses all over the mine, so not only discharge equipment for polluted air is required at the polluted part for exhausting the same, but also a large amount of large-capacity that has once diffused into the mine. Since the polluted air is captured and sucked and discharged, the efficiency is poor, and there is a problem that the contaminated air that has spread over a wide area cannot be sufficiently cleaned in a short time.

On the other hand, air curtains have been installed at the openings of buildings to prevent the conditioned air from flowing into and out of the airways at the entrances and exits.
In the invention of No. 54-18495, an air supply duct that introduces the outside air into the frame and supplies the air is provided along the ceiling part on a pedestal that extends over the entire cross section of the tunnel, and downward from a large number of air outlets along the air supply duct. An air curtain is formed by the unidirectional airflow wall that jets out, which shuts off the face of the face inside the tunnel to trap the contaminated air on the face of the face and allows the exhaust duct to discharge the contaminated air on the face of the face out of the mine. Are known.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the ventilation method according to the prior art, not only mechanical equipment and large power are required for sending and discharging, but also when the cross section of the tunnel is not so large, the efficiency of sending and discharging is It's good, but both pipes become long, and they hinder the subsequent work in the mine. In addition, in order to form an air curtain facility for a building in a tunnel, a large arch-shaped mount that conforms to a movable gutter is required. Further, the air pollution in the tunnel is not limited to the blast gas and dust associated with excavation and winding, and the emission of harmful gas from the ground in the middle of the tunnel must be considered. There is a strong demand for a cleaning method and a cleaning device that can deal with such a situation.

[Means for Solving Problems] The present invention has been developed in view of the above situation, and the first technical means adopted by the present invention is a site contaminated by an air curtain in a tunnel. It is a method to clean the contaminated air in the sectioned tunnel by shutting it off from the side and the non-polluted part side.The clean air supply pipe is led to the contaminated part in the tunnel, and its tip is in the axial direction of the tunnel. In the direction perpendicular to the direction, by spraying clean air on the tunnel wall surface and causing it to flow back from the wall surface, an air curtain of the circulation flow formed by the Coanda effect is formed in the cross section of the tunnel to form a blocking surface. It is characterized in that the air on the contaminated portion side, which is commensurate with the amount of clean air blown, is discharged toward the non-polluted portion side.

The second and third technical means adopted by the present invention are the first
A device for achieving the above technical means is mainly configured, and a dust collector having an exhaust pipe and an intake pipe is movably installed in a tunnel to supply clean air that forms an air curtain. In order to form an air curtain due to the Coanda effect in the cross section of the tunnel, the dust collector sucks in the air immediately at the contaminated site, which is exhausted by the exhaust air from the dust collector, and discharges the clean air purified by the dust collector toward the tunnel wall surface. The exhaust pipe of the dust collector has an exhaust port at the tip thereof in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the tunnel, and the exhaust port can swivel or be fixed in a direction perpendicular to the axial line of the tunnel. The intake pipe has an intake port that opens below the exhaust pipe in the direction of the cutting face.

[Operation] Therefore, according to the present invention, the clean air is blown in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the tunnel directly to the wall surface of the tunnel by a very simple method, and the air is produced by the Coanda effect in the cross section of the tunnel. Since the curtain is formed to serve as a blocking surface, this air curtain blocks the contaminated portion, and prevents dust and the like from diffusing out of the blocking surface. Then, by discharging the air in the contaminated site toward the non-contaminated site divided by the blocking surface, the clean air forming the air curtain gradually diffuses into the contaminated site and replaces the contaminated air. The air at the contaminated site, which is commensurate with clean air, can be efficiently cleaned in a short time.

In addition, when performing air purification on a contaminated site using a dust collector, the air on the contaminated site side is taken in through the intake pipe of the dust collector, and the clean air purified by the dust collector is tunneled through the exhaust pipe of the dust collector. By discharging toward the wall surface, an air curtain due to the Coanda effect is formed to serve as a blocking surface.Therefore, unlike the conventional method, the air in the contaminated area in the tunnel should be cleaned without separately providing an air supply pipe or a discharge pipe. You can

[Embodiment] An embodiment of the air cleaning method and the cleaning apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view in the direction perpendicular to the axis near the face of the tunnel, where 1 is the tunnel, 2 is the wall surface, and 3 is clean air that is uncontaminated in the tunnel arranged in the axial direction of the tunnel. An air tube,
Reference numeral 4 is an air flow ejected from the tip portion 31 of the air supply pipe 3, and 5 is an air flow countercurrently flowing from the wall surface 2 along the cross section S.

First, in the cross section S, the tip portion 31 of the air supply pipe 3 is directed toward the wall surface 2, and a suitable angle is adjusted with respect to the curved surface in the outer peripheral direction of the wall surface, so that an effective countercurrent airflow 5 is generated from the airflow 4. generate. The wall surface 2 is generally a rough surface after excavation, but according to experiments, if an appropriate spray angle and jet speed are selected,
The airflow counteracts due to the "Coanda effect", and from the crown 21 along the curved surface to the horizon 23 along the opposite large back 22,
It is possible to circulate to the invert 6 to form an air curtain by the entire air flow.

The circulating air flow in the cross section S divides the inside of the tunnel into a contaminated side and a clean side, and an air curtain is formed so as to block the tunnel to form a blocking surface. Then, if the air on the contaminated side is discharged from the exhaust pipe 7 to outside, ventilation is performed by sending clean air and discharging contaminated air, and the uncontaminated air forming the air curtain gradually moves to the contaminated site. As it diffuses while being diffused, the polluted air is replaced and diluted according to the amount of clean air, so the air at the polluted site is replaced and diluted, so the cleaning of the air at the polluted site is surely efficient. Well achieved Here, the air on the contaminated site side is discharged to the outside of the blocking surface through the discharge pipe 7. this is,
A fan or the like (not shown) is forcibly provided by providing it at the end of the discharge pipe 7 or in the middle of the discharge pipe 7.
Alternatively, it is cleaned in the chamber and reduced to the air pipe.

Further, the air cleaning method of the present invention is not limited to face cutting, and even in the case where a harmful gas is ejected from the ground in the middle part of the tunnel, the cross section S can be separated by the air curtain formed by the Coanda effect. It is clear that you can deal with this by setting up two sides.

Next, a method and apparatus for cleaning air in a tunnel using a dust collector will be described. 2 to 4, 10 is an electric dust collector, and the dust collector 10 is mounted on the bed of the transport vehicle T, and the front portion is located at the position of the cross section S that limits and blocks the contaminated site 9. is set up. The intake pipe 11 that opens toward the face 8 of the dust collector 10 also serves as the exhaust pipe 7 in FIG. 1, and the dust collector 10 draws in the air at the contaminated site from the intake pipe 11.

The exhaust pipe 12 of the dust collector 10 corresponds to the air supply pipe 3 in FIG. 1, and is folded back from the rear of the filter F built in the dust collector 10 to the front, and its tip 31 is bent in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the tunnel. The exhaust port faces the wall surface 2 and can be swung or fixed with respect to the axis of the exhaust pipe 12, and the swirling surface is set as a cross section S. The intake pipe 11 is installed at the lower part of the exhaust pipe 12 so that the intake pipe 11 does not short-circuit with the exhaust port provided at the tip 31 of the exhaust pipe 12, and the formation of the air curtain by the "Coanda effect" is effective. Try to

Note that the dust collector 10 has an extremely simple structure that can be moved within the cross section of the tunnel, and does not require any connection or separation of pipes even with the progress of construction. Moreover, the scale of the tunnel can be adjusted only by adjusting the length of the bent portion of the exhaust pipe 12, the blowing speed, and the blowing amount. Furthermore, the dust collector 10
Is mounted on the transport vehicle T to make it movable,
Evacuation is easy even for blasting work on the face.

In the above configuration, when the dust collector 10 is operated now, the air in the polluted portion 9 is sucked in through the intake pipe 11 and the suspended dust and gas are filtered by the filter F, and then the cleaned air is discharged from the exhaust pipe 12. An air curtain is formed at the position of the cross section S in accordance with the angle and the jet speed of the air which are sprayed onto the wall surface 2 and are appropriately selected. At this time, if a swirlable or fixable nozzle is formed at the tip 31 of the exhaust pipe 12, the blowing speed of the jetted airflow 4 and the distance to the wall surface 2 can be selected according to the scale of the tunnel. In this way, an air curtain is easily formed in the tunnel to serve as a blocking surface. At that time, the intake amount of contaminated air and the exhaust amount of clean air are the dust collector.
It is always even during the operation of 10, and dust of contaminated air is efficiently removed even if air is not supplied from the outside of the mine by the air supply pipe and exhaust pipe separately laid inside the mine, and it is not discharged to the outside of the mine. Then, the air in the part of the cutting face 8 is ventilated with clean air in a short time to achieve the purpose.

In FIGS. 2 and 4, D is a duct leading to the outside of the mine, which is used to separately replenish the contaminated site 9 with fresh air. That is, when the air is separately supplied from the duct D to the contaminated part, after passing through the dust collector 10 together with the contaminated air,
First, an air curtain is formed to prevent the diffusion of contaminated air, and then the clean air outside the mine forming the air curtain is pushed out from the cross section S in the anti-external direction as indicated by the arrow due to the atmospheric pressure difference from the anti-external area. Therefore, the object of the present invention that the entire pit is ventilated with clean air without diffusing contaminated air and the air throughout the pit is cleaned is achieved at an early stage.

[Effects of the Invention] In summary, the present invention is a method for cleaning the contaminated air and the like in a sectioned tunnel by blocking the inside of the tunnel between the contaminated site side and the non-contaminated site side by an air curtain. Guide an air supply pipe of clean air to the contaminated part of, and orient the tip at right angles to the axial direction of the tunnel,
By blowing clean air onto the wall surface of the tunnel and causing it to flow back from the wall surface, an air curtain of the circulating flow formed by the Coanda effect is formed in the cross section of the tunnel to serve as a blocking surface, and pollution corresponding to the amount of the clean air blown. Since the air on the site side is discharged toward the non-polluted site side, the inside of the tunnel can be blown by the extremely simple means of blowing clean air from the clean air side of the tunnel. Cleaning of contaminated air at required locations is an extremely simplified underground facility by forming an air curtain by the Coanda effect and discharging air at the contaminated site, but it is possible to efficiently purify the underground air. In addition, the cleaning of contaminated air is not limited to contaminated air such as blast gas and dust that accompanies excavation and winding. Even if harmful gas is ejected from the ground in the interstitial area, it can be dealt with by setting two blocking surfaces with the air curtain formed by the Coanda effect across the contaminated section, and using a dust collector. In the cleaning method, it is possible to eliminate the need for air supply pipes and exhaust pipes laid inside the mine, so even in the case of a tunnel of small or medium cross section, the air inside the tunnel is cleaned without hindering the work inside the mine. It has an extremely useful effect of being able to.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a tunnel for explaining a method of cleaning contaminated air in the tunnel of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a face portion of the tunnel similar to FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a side view of the same, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a plan view of FIG. 1 ... Tunnel, 2 ... Wall surface, 3 ... Air supply pipe (corresponding to exhaust pipe 12 of dust collector), 4 ... Air flow, 5 ... Counter-flow air flow,
6 ... invert, 7 ... exhaust pipe (corresponding to intake pipe 11 of dust collector), 8 ... face, 9 ... contaminated part, 10 ... dust collector,
11 ... Intake pipe, 12 ... Exhaust pipe, 31 ... Air pipe end (exhaust port), 71 ... Intake port, S ... Section, F ... Filter, T ... Transport vehicle, D ... duct.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A method for purifying contaminated air and the like in a sectioned tunnel by blocking the inside of the tunnel between a contaminated site side and a non-contaminated site side by an air curtain. The air duct is guided, its tip is directed at right angles to the axial direction of the tunnel, and clean air is blown against the tunnel wall to make it flow back from the wall, thereby creating a circulation formed by the Coanda effect in the cross section of the tunnel. A method for cleaning air in a tunnel, characterized in that a flow air curtain is formed to serve as a blocking surface, and the air on the contaminated portion side that corresponds to the amount of the clean air blown is discharged toward the non-polluted portion side. 2. The air supply pipe is an exhaust pipe of a dust collector installed in the tunnel, and the air of the polluted portion side is discharged toward the non-polluted portion side by an intake pipe of the dust collector. A method for cleaning air in a tunnel according to claim 1. 3. A dust collector which is movably installed in a tunnel and has an exhaust pipe and an intake pipe, the exhaust pipe having exhaust gas directed at a tip portion thereof in a direction perpendicular to an axial direction of the tunnel. In addition to having a port, the exhaust port can swivel or be fixed in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the tunnel, and the intake pipe has an intake port that opens below the exhaust pipe in the direction of the cutting face. An air purifier inside the tunnel.