JPH0458134A - Antiskid brake testing device for automobile - Google Patents
Antiskid brake testing device for automobileInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0458134A JPH0458134A JP2169321A JP16932190A JPH0458134A JP H0458134 A JPH0458134 A JP H0458134A JP 2169321 A JP2169321 A JP 2169321A JP 16932190 A JP16932190 A JP 16932190A JP H0458134 A JPH0458134 A JP H0458134A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- wheel
- wheel speed
- wheels
- vehicle
- inspected
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 230000000881 depressing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は自動車のアンチスキッドブレーキ試験装置に関
する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an anti-skid brake testing device for automobiles.
凍結した路面を走行する自動車においては、路面とタイ
ヤとの間の摩擦係数は小さいので、ブレーキをかけると
、タイヤは容易にブレーキによりロックされる。こうな
ると、タイヤは路面に対し転がり摩擦することなく、滑
り摩擦することとなり、自動車は方向性を維持すること
が不可能となって非常に危険である。In a car driving on a frozen road surface, the coefficient of friction between the road surface and the tires is small, so when the brakes are applied, the tires are easily locked by the brakes. In this case, the tires do not roll against the road surface but slide against it, making it impossible for the vehicle to maintain direction, which is extremely dangerous.
そこで、最近は凍結路面でブレーキをかけても、方向性
を失うことなく安全に制動するために、滑り摩擦を生じ
ない程度にタイヤを制動するアンチスキッドブレーキシ
ステム（ＡｎｔｉｓｋｉｄＢｒａｋｅ ５ｙｓｔｅｓ＋
略称ＡＢＳ）が開発されている。Therefore, in order to safely brake without losing direction even when braking on frozen roads, anti-skid braking systems (AntiskidBrake 5ystes +
(abbreviated as ABS) has been developed.
この種のＡＢＳ装置を付設した自動車の生産は比較的最
近のことであり、いまのところ生産台数が少ないことも
あって、ＡＢＳの作動性能試験は完成車のテストコース
による走行試験により行っており、その際、凍結路面条
件の準備等に少なからざるコストを要している。The production of automobiles equipped with this type of ABS device is relatively recent, and due to the small number of cars produced so far, ABS operational performance tests are conducted by running tests on completed cars on test courses. In this case, a considerable amount of cost is required to prepare for frozen road conditions.
しかしながら、生産台数の増加に伴い、テストコースで
の走行試験によらずに、迅速確実かつ省力省人的に性能
試験を行う経済的なアンチスキッドブレーキ試験装置が
必要となると考えられる。However, as the number of vehicles produced increases, it is thought that an economical anti-skid brake testing device that performs performance tests quickly, reliably, and in a labor-saving and manpower-saving manner without running tests on a test course will become necessary.
本発明はこのような事情に鑑みて提案されたもので、ｉ
ｆ３速確実かつ省力省人的に性能試験を行う経済的な自
動車のアンチスキッドブレーキ試験装置を提供すること
を目的とする。The present invention was proposed in view of these circumstances, and
An object of the present invention is to provide an economical anti-skid brake testing device for automobiles that can perform performance tests at f3 speed reliably and in a labor-saving and manpower-saving manner.
そのために本発明は、被検車の前軸、後軸をそれぞれ昇
降可能に支持する前軸ジャッキ、後軸ジヤツキと、各前
輪、各後輪の輪速をそれぞれ検出する前輸輪速センサー
、後輪輪速センサーと、それぞれモーターにより駆動さ
れ各前輪。To this end, the present invention provides a front axle jack and a rear axle jack that support the front and rear axles of the test vehicle so that they can be raised and lowered, a front wheel speed sensor that detects the wheel speed of each front wheel and each rear wheel, and a rear wheel speed sensor that detects the wheel speed of each front wheel and each rear wheel. Each front wheel is driven by a wheel speed sensor and a respective motor.
各後輪をそれぞれ着離可能に回転する前輪ランニングロ
ーラー、後軸ランニングローラーと、上記後輪輪速セン
サー、前輪輪速センサーの出力に基づいて全輪の輪速を
同期させたのち、被検車のブレーキの踏み込み及び上記
可動ランニングローラーの分離の同時操作による被検輪
の輪速の低下状況を出力及び記録するコンピューターと
を具えたことを特徴とする。After synchronizing the wheel speeds of all wheels based on the outputs of the front wheel running roller and rear axle running roller that rotate each rear wheel so that each rear wheel can be attached and detached, the rear wheel speed sensor mentioned above, and the front wheel speed sensor, the test vehicle The present invention is characterized by comprising a computer that outputs and records a decrease in the wheel speed of the tested wheel due to simultaneous operation of depressing the brake and separating the movable running roller.
このような構成によれば、被検車の前軸、後軸はそれぞ
れ前軸ジヤツキ、後軸ジヤツキにより上昇して前輪、後
輪はそれぞれ床面から若干離れ、各前後輪はそれぞれラ
ンニングローラーにより駆動され、コンピューター及び
輪速センサーの協働作用で同一の設定回転数に同期され
る。According to this configuration, the front and rear axles of the test vehicle are raised by the front and rear axle jacks, respectively, so that the front and rear wheels are slightly off the floor, and the front and rear wheels are each driven by running rollers. and synchronized to the same set rotation speed through the cooperation of the computer and wheel speed sensor.
この同期状態で各ランニングローラーを対応する車輪か
ら引き離すとともに、ブレーキペダルを踏み込むと、Ａ
ＢＳの効き力次第で互いに相違するパターンで被検輪の
輪速は徐々に低下しやがてゼロになる。In this synchronized state, when each running roller is separated from its corresponding wheel and the brake pedal is depressed, A
Depending on the effectiveness of the BS, the wheel speed of the tested wheel gradually decreases in different patterns and eventually reaches zero.
そこで、その間の被検輸の輪速低下の状況つまり、輪速
低下のパターン、積算回転数の大小、停止に至るラップ
アップタイムの長短等の標準値に対する比較により、被
検車のＡＢＳの作用の良否を判定することができる。Therefore, by comparing the condition of the wheel speed reduction of the test vehicle during that time, that is, the pattern of wheel speed reduction, the magnitude of the cumulative rotation speed, the length of the lap-up time leading to a stop, etc., we can determine the effect of the ABS of the test vehicle. It is possible to judge whether it is good or bad.
本発明を前輪のＡＢＳ試験に適用した一実施例を図面に
ついて説明すると、第１１ｍはその全体側面図、第２図
は第１ｒｙ：Ｊの■部を示す部分拡大図、第３図は第１
図の前軸を示す正面図、第４図は第１図の後輪部分を示
す拡大図、第５図は第４図の正面図、第６図は第１図の
装置により求めたＡＢＳ作動作動面輪回転数の変化を示
すｇＩ図である。An embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an ABS test of a front wheel will be explained with reference to the drawings.No. 11m is an overall side view thereof, FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view showing the
Figure 4 is an enlarged view of the rear wheel in Figure 1, Figure 5 is a front view of Figure 4, Figure 6 is the ABS operation determined by the device in Figure 1. It is a gI diagram which shows the change of the operating surface wheel rotation speed.
まず、第１〜３図において、１は前軸２の一端に支持さ
れた前輪で、前軸２はその央部がジヤツキ３により前輪
１が床面がら若干離れる程度に昇降可能に支持されてい
る。First, in Figs. 1 to 3, reference numeral 1 denotes a front wheel supported on one end of a front axle 2, and the center part of the front axle 2 is supported by a jack 3 so that it can be raised and lowered to the extent that the front wheel 1 is slightly separated from the floor. There is.
４は基板５の後端に下端が枢着されたリンク６の上端に
枢着され前輪１の外周に当接してこれを回転するランニ
ングローラー ７は基板５の前端に固着されたモーター
で、モーター７はベルト８を介してランニングローラー
４を駆動する。Reference numeral 4 denotes a running roller which is pivotally attached to the upper end of a link 6 whose lower end is pivotally attached to the rear end of the base plate 5 and contacts the outer periphery of the front wheel 1 to rotate it. Reference numeral 7 represents a motor fixed to the front end of the base plate 5. 7 drives the running roller 4 via a belt 8.
９は下端がモーター７とリンク６の下端枢着点との間で
基板５に枢着され上端がリンク６の央部に枢着された油
圧シリンダー １０は前輪１に当接してその輪速を検出
する前輪回転数検出用積算可能式前輪輪速センサーであ
６゜１３は後輪回転数検出用積算可能式の後輪輪速セン
サー １５は前輪輪速センサー１０．後輪輪速センサー
１３の出力を人力してモーター７を制御することにより
、前輪１及び後輪１１の回転数を同期させる作用を行う
とともに、前輪１．後輪１１の回転数を記録及び出力す
るコンピューター １６はそれぞれ前軸、後軸を支持す
るリーフスプリングである。9 is a hydraulic cylinder whose lower end is pivotally connected to the base plate 5 between the motor 7 and the lower end pivot point of the link 6, and whose upper end is pivotally connected to the center of the link 6. 10 is in contact with the front wheel 1 to control the wheel speed. 6. 13 is an integral type front wheel speed sensor for detecting the front wheel rotation speed. 15 is a front wheel speed sensor 10. By manually controlling the motor 7 using the output of the rear wheel speed sensor 13, the rotation speeds of the front wheels 1 and the rear wheels 11 are synchronized, and the front wheels 1. A computer 16 that records and outputs the number of revolutions of the rear wheels 11 is a leaf spring that supports the front axle and the rear axle, respectively.
次に、第４〜５図において、１８は後軸１７を昇降可能
に支持する左右１対の後輪ジヤツキ、１９．２０はそれ
ぞれ前輪駆動用ランニングロ−ジ−４，モーター７と同
一構造のランニングローラー、モーターであり、前軸ジ
ヤツキ３゜後軸ジヤツキ１８の上端同士は長尺縦梁２１
で連結されるか、又は後軸ジヤツキ１８の上端にはそれ
ぞれ図示省略の短尺継梁の央部が固着される。Next, in FIGS. 4 and 5, 18 is a pair of left and right rear wheel jacks that support the rear axle 17 in a vertically movable manner, and 19 and 20 are the same structure as the front wheel drive running gear 4 and the motor 7, respectively. It is a running roller and a motor, and the upper ends of the front shaft jack 3° and the rear shaft jack 18 are connected to a long vertical beam 21.
or the center portions of short joint beams (not shown) are fixed to the upper ends of the rear shaft jacks 18, respectively.
このような装置において、ＡＢＳ試験に際しては、まず
、第１図に示すように、前軸２を前軸ジヤツキ３上に支
持するとともに、後軸１７を後軸ジヤツキ１８に支持さ
れた長尺縦梁２１に支持することで前輪１．後輪１１を
それぞれ床面から引離し、油圧シリンダー９．９をそれ
ぞれ伸長することにより、ランニングローラー４、／’
７を前輪１．後軸１１に当接する。In such a device, when carrying out an ABS test, first, as shown in FIG. By supporting the front wheel 1 on the beam 21. By separating the rear wheels 11 from the floor and extending the hydraulic cylinders 9,9, the running rollers 4, /'
7 to front wheel 1. It comes into contact with the rear shaft 11.
この状態で、両ランニングローラー４ 、 ／ｌ？を駆
動することにより、前輪１．後軸１１を規定の速度例え
ば６０ｋｍ／ｈで駆動し、後輪輪速センサー１３及び前
輸輪速センサー１０の出力に基づいてコンピューター１
５を介してモーター７．２０を制御することにより、全
輪の回転数を同期させる。In this state, both running rollers 4, /l? By driving the front wheels 1. The rear axle 11 is driven at a specified speed, for example, 60 km/h, and the computer 1
By controlling motor 7.20 via 5, the rotational speed of all wheels is synchronized.
次に、規定速度で両輪の回転数の同期がとれたとき、検
査員がランニングローラー４をそれぞれ前輪、後輪から
引き離すとともにブレーキペダルを踏み込んで、被検輪
の回転数がゼロになるまでの変化を輪速センサー１．１
１を介して検出し、これを記録する。Next, when the rotational speed of both wheels is synchronized at the specified speed, the inspector pulls the running roller 4 away from the front and rear wheels, respectively, and depresses the brake pedal until the rotational speed of the tested wheel reaches zero. Change wheel speed sensor 1.1
1 and record it.
第６図はこのようにして求められた回転数の変化の模様
を示し、ａはＡＢＳが作動した場合、ｂはＡＢＳが作動
しなかった場合である。FIG. 6 shows the pattern of changes in the rotational speed determined in this way, where a shows the case when the ABS operates, and b shows the case when the ABS does not operate.
すなわち、カーブａでは、制動が効いて輪速か低下し、
車輪がブレーキによりロック寸前になるとＡＢＳの作用
により自動的に制動が解除するので車輪は若干時間はぼ
等速で回転したのち自動的に制動が効いて輪速は低下し
、ロック寸前になると再びＡＢＳの作用により自動的に
制動が解除し、以降このパターンで減速をくり返えした
のち、やがて時間ｔａの後に車輪は停止する。In other words, at curve a, the braking is effective and the wheel speed decreases,
When the wheels are on the verge of locking due to the brakes, the brakes are automatically released by the action of the ABS, so the wheels rotate at approximately constant speed for a while, then the brakes are automatically applied and the wheel speed decreases, and when the wheels are on the verge of locking, the brakes are automatically released. The braking is automatically released by the action of the ABS, and after deceleration is repeated in this pattern, the wheels eventually come to a stop after a time ta.
これに対してカーブｂでは、ブレーキペダルの踏み込み
により車輪はロックし、車輪は路面を滑り摩擦の状態で
摺動し、その間、輪速は直線的に低下して時間ｔｂの後
にゼロとなる。On the other hand, in curve b, the wheels are locked by depression of the brake pedal, and the wheels slide on the road surface in a state of sliding friction, while the wheel speed decreases linearly and reaches zero after time tb.
カーブａ、ｂは複数回の試験により得られ、この場合定
性的には両カーブの形状により、定量的には停止時間つ
まりラップアップタイムｔａ、ｔｂ、及びラップアップ
タイムｔａ間の積算回転数の大小により、基準カーブの
それと比較して被検車のＡＢＳの作用の良否を判定する
のである。Curves a and b are obtained through multiple tests, and in this case, qualitatively, the shape of both curves determines the stop time, that is, the wrap-up times ta and tb, and the cumulative rotational speed during the wrap-up time ta. Depending on the size, the quality of the ABS function of the test vehicle is determined by comparing it with that of the reference curve.
なお、油圧シリンダーでランニングローラーの前輪に対
する着層を行う代わりにモーターに付設された電磁クラ
ッチを採用することもできる。Note that instead of using a hydraulic cylinder to attach the running roller to the front wheel, an electromagnetic clutch attached to the motor may be used.
このようなｉｆｆによれば、被検車のホイールベースに
は長短があるが、後軸は長尺縦梁上に支持され、これに
合わせて後輪駆動用ローラーモーター等を基板とともに
前後方向に移動してセットすることで、被検車の車長の
大小にかがわらず、容易に試験を行うことができる。According to such IF, the wheelbase of the test vehicle has long and short lengths, but the rear axle is supported on a long longitudinal beam, and the rear wheel drive roller motor etc. is moved in the front and rear direction along with the base plate. By setting it up, the test can be easily performed regardless of the length of the vehicle being tested.
また前後輪は同一構造同一特性のモーターにより駆動さ
れる故、相互の同期は非常に容易となり、高精度でＡＢ
Ｓの性能の検査ができる。In addition, since the front and rear wheels are driven by motors with the same structure and characteristics, mutual synchronization is very easy and AB/B is achieved with high precision.
The performance of S can be inspected.
要するに本発明によれば、被検車の前軸、後軸をそれぞ
れ昇降可能に支持する前軸ジャッキ。In short, according to the present invention, there is provided a front axle jack that supports the front axle and rear axle of a vehicle to be inspected such that they can be raised and lowered.
後軸ジヤツキと、各前輪、各後輪の輪速をそれぞれ検出
する前輪輪速センサー、後輪輪速センサーと、それぞれ
モーターにより駆動され各前輪、各後輪をそれぞれ着層
可能に回転する前輪ランニングローラー、後軸ランニン
グローラーと、上記後輪輪速センサー、前輪輪速センサ
ーの出力に基づいて全輪の輪速を同期させたのち、被検
車のブレーキの踏み込み及び上記可動ランニングローラ
ーの分離の同時操作による被検輪の輪速の低下状況を出
力及び記録するコンピューターとを具えたことにより、
迅速確実かつ省力省人的に性能試験を行う経済的な自動
車のアンチス牛ツドブレーキ試験装置を得るから、本発
明は産業上極めて有益なものである。Front wheel speed sensor, rear wheel speed sensor that detects the wheel speed of each front wheel and each rear wheel, and the front wheel that is driven by a motor and rotates so that each front wheel and each rear wheel can be layered. After synchronizing the wheel speeds of all wheels based on the outputs of the running roller, the rear axle running roller, the rear wheel speed sensor, and the front wheel speed sensor, press the brake of the test vehicle and separate the movable running roller. By being equipped with a computer that outputs and records the reduction in wheel speed of the tested wheels due to simultaneous operations,
The present invention is industrially extremely useful because it provides an economical automobile anti-slip brake testing device that can perform performance tests quickly, reliably, and in a labor-saving and manpower-saving manner.
第１図は本発明の一実施例を示す全体側面図、第２図は
第１図の■部を示す部分拡大図、第３図は第１図の前軸
を示す正面図、第４図は第１図の後輪部分を示す拡大図
、第５図は第４図の正面図、第６図は第１図の装置によ
り求めたＡＢＳ作動時の前輪回転数の変化を示す線図で
ある。
１・・・前輪、２・・・前軸、３・・・前軸ジヤツキ、
４・・・ランニングローラー ５・・・基板、６・・・
リンク、７−・・モーター ８・・・ベルト、９・・・
油圧シリンダ１０−・・前輪輪速センサー １１−・・
後輪、１３・・・後輪輪速センサー １５・・・コンピ
ュータ１６・・・リーフスプリング、１７・・・後軸、
１８・・−後軸ジヤツキ、１９・・・ランニングローラ
ー ２０・・・モーター ２１・・・長尺縦梁、出願
人 三菱自動車工業株式会社
代理人 弁理士 塚 本 正 文Fig. 1 is an overall side view showing one embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view showing the part ■ in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a front view showing the front shaft of Fig. 1, Fig. 4 1 is an enlarged view of the rear wheel portion of FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a front view of FIG. be. 1...Front wheel, 2...Front axle, 3...Front axle jack,
4... Running roller 5... Board, 6...
Link, 7-...Motor 8...Belt, 9...
Hydraulic cylinder 10-...Front wheel speed sensor 11-...
Rear wheel, 13... Rear wheel speed sensor 15... Computer 16... Leaf spring, 17... Rear axle,
18...-Rear shaft jack, 19...Running roller 20...Motor 21...Long vertical beam, Applicant Mitsubishi Motors Corporation Representative Patent Attorney Masafumi Tsukamoto
Claims (1)
ジャッキ、後軸ジャッキと、各前輪、各後輪の輪速をそ
れぞれ検出する前輪輪速センサー、後輪輪速センサーと
、それぞれモーターにより駆動され各前輪、各後輪をそ
れぞれ着離可能に回転する前輪ランニングローラー、後
輪ランニングローラーと、上記後輪輪速センサー、前輪
輪速センサーの出力に基づいて全輪の輪速を同期させた
のち、被検車のブレーキの踏み込み及び上記可動ランニ
ングローラーの分離の同時操作による被検輪の輪速の低
下状況を出力及び記録するコンピューターとを具えたこ
とを特徴とする自動車のアンチスキッドブレーキ試験装
置。A front axle jack and a rear axle jack that support the front and rear axles of the test vehicle so that they can be raised and lowered, respectively, and a front wheel speed sensor and a rear wheel speed sensor that detect the wheel speed of each front wheel and each rear wheel, respectively. The wheel speed of all wheels is calculated based on the outputs of the front wheel running roller and rear wheel running roller, which are driven by a motor and rotate each front wheel and rear wheel so that they can be attached to and separated from them, and the rear wheel speed sensor and front wheel speed sensor mentioned above. Anti-skid for an automobile, characterized in that it is equipped with a computer that outputs and records the reduction in wheel speed of a wheel to be tested due to the simultaneous operation of depressing the brake of the tested vehicle and separation of the movable running roller after synchronization. Brake testing equipment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2169321A JP2513068B2 (en) | 1990-06-27 | 1990-06-27 | Anti-ski brake test equipment for automobiles |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2169321A JP2513068B2 (en) | 1990-06-27 | 1990-06-27 | Anti-ski brake test equipment for automobiles |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0458134A true JPH0458134A (en) | 1992-02-25 |
| JP2513068B2 JP2513068B2 (en) | 1996-07-03 |
Family
ID=15884381
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2169321A Expired - Fee Related JP2513068B2 (en) | 1990-06-27 | 1990-06-27 | Anti-ski brake test equipment for automobiles |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2513068B2 (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5392640A (en) * | 1992-05-01 | 1995-02-28 | Anzen Motor Co., Ltd. | Vehicle performance inspection apparatus and vehicle performance inspection method |
| US5780732A (en) * | 1994-08-30 | 1998-07-14 | Wabco Vermogensverwaltungs Gmbh | Method for the verification of electrical connections for an antilock braking system of a vehicle |
| KR100391422B1 (en) * | 2000-11-20 | 2003-07-12 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Apparatus for testing hardness and persistence of pulling hook for vehicle |
| US8873289B2 (en) | 2013-02-05 | 2014-10-28 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Nonvolatile semiconductor memory device |
| DE102013019512A1 (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2015-05-21 | Wabco Gmbh | Checking the installation position of axle modulators based on disturbances in speed signals |
| CN112798299A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-05-14 | 山东正能汽车检测装备有限公司 | Automobile emission and automobile comprehensive safety inspection method |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103471649A (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2013-12-25 | 内蒙古自治区计量测试研究院 | Contact speed and distance measuring apparatus |
-
1990
- 1990-06-27 JP JP2169321A patent/JP2513068B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5392640A (en) * | 1992-05-01 | 1995-02-28 | Anzen Motor Co., Ltd. | Vehicle performance inspection apparatus and vehicle performance inspection method |
| US5483824A (en) * | 1992-05-01 | 1996-01-16 | Anzen Motor Co., Ltd. | Vehicle performance inspection apparatus and vehicle performance inspection method |
| US5780732A (en) * | 1994-08-30 | 1998-07-14 | Wabco Vermogensverwaltungs Gmbh | Method for the verification of electrical connections for an antilock braking system of a vehicle |
| KR100391422B1 (en) * | 2000-11-20 | 2003-07-12 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Apparatus for testing hardness and persistence of pulling hook for vehicle |
| US8873289B2 (en) | 2013-02-05 | 2014-10-28 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Nonvolatile semiconductor memory device |
| DE102013019512A1 (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2015-05-21 | Wabco Gmbh | Checking the installation position of axle modulators based on disturbances in speed signals |
| CN112798299A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-05-14 | 山东正能汽车检测装备有限公司 | Automobile emission and automobile comprehensive safety inspection method |
| CN112798299B (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-09-24 | 山东正能汽车检测装备有限公司 | Automobile emission and automobile comprehensive safety inspection method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2513068B2 (en) | 1996-07-03 |
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