JPH0455478B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPH0455478B2
JPH0455478B2 JP60063712A JP6371285A JPH0455478B2 JP H0455478 B2 JPH0455478 B2 JP H0455478B2 JP 60063712 A JP60063712 A JP 60063712A JP 6371285 A JP6371285 A JP 6371285A JP H0455478 B2 JPH0455478 B2 JP H0455478B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
odor
gas
tbm
odorant
dms
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP60063712A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS61223094A (en
Inventor
Tajiro Terasaki
Kokichi Odajima
Hideki Oyamada
Kunio Nakamura
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Soda Koryo KK
Tokyo Gas Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Soda Koryo KK
Tokyo Gas Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Soda Koryo KK, Tokyo Gas Co Ltd filed Critical Soda Koryo KK
Priority to JP6371285A priority Critical patent/JPS61223094A/en
Publication of JPS61223094A publication Critical patent/JPS61223094A/en
Publication of JPH0455478B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0455478B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
    • C10L3/003Additives for gaseous fuels
    • C10L3/006Additives for gaseous fuels detectable by the senses

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明は燃料ガス用付臭剤に関し、特に液化天
然ガス(L.N.G)、都市ガス等の燃料ガスに微量
添加するだけで大きな効果を示す燃料ガス用付臭
剤に関する。これらの燃料ガスにはガス漏れによ
る引火爆発、ガス中毒を防止するため、人の嗅覚
により容易に検知できるよう、特有な臭気物質
(付臭剤)を添加している。 付臭剤の使用基準はたとえばガス事業法におい
ては「ガスの空気中の混入比率が容量で千分の一
である場合において感知できるにおいがするもの
であることとする」とされている。 又付臭剤として望ましい性質としては、 (a) ガス臭であると認識できること、 (b) ドキツとさせるインパクトをもつた警告臭で
あること、 (c) 嗅覚疲労を起こしにくいこと、 (d) 人間に対し害がなく毒性もないこと、 (e) 一般に存在する臭い(生活臭)とは明瞭に識
別できること、 (f) きわめて低い濃度で効果があること、 (g) 安定性のよいものであること、即ちガスの供
給系統を不当に腐食したり、輸送管中での吸
着、化学反応等を起こさないこと、 (h) 完全に燃焼し、燃焼後は無臭、無害であるこ
と、 (i) 水に不溶であること、 (j) 土壌透過性が大きいこと、 等があげられる。 従来用いられている付臭剤はメルカプタン類、
サルフアイド類等の硫黄化合物が主体である。又
メルカプタン類のうち特にT.B.M(t−ブチルメ
ルカプタン)は低い添加量で効果があること、化
学的に安定であること等、そのすぐれた特性の為
に近年多量に使用されており、その臭質はガス臭
として一般に受け入れられ、ガス臭としてのイメ
ージも定着している。 T.B.Mはすぐれた付臭剤であるが、欠点もな
いわけではない。特にその凝固点が−0.5℃と高
く、冬期には結晶化する。付臭剤のガスへの添加
は定量ポンプでの注入が一般的であり、結晶化は
さけなければならない。その為T.B.Mは他成分
と混合し用いられることが多い。 例えばP.Bレポート81−201923にあるT.B.M1
重量部、D.M.S(ジメチルサルフアイド)1重量
部からなる混合付臭剤は凝固点が低く、冬期でも
結晶化しない。又T.B.M1重量部、D.M.S1重量部
の混合比率からなる付臭剤は他の混合比率、たと
えばT.B.M1重量部、D.M.S0.3重量部、あるいは
T.B.M0.3重量部、D.M.S1重量部からなる付臭剤
にくらべ、臭気認知閾値(臭気の質がわからなく
なる限界濃度をいい、気体の単位容積中当たりの
臭気成分濃度たとえばμg/m3等で表わす)が低
くなる。その為燃料ガスに対し少ない添加量で臭
気が感知できる。又その臭質はT.B.Mに近いシ
ヤープなガス臭を有するものである。 しかしこの付臭剤は付臭剤中にしめる硫黄重量
含有率が43.6%と高い欠点がある。硫黄含有率が
高いと燃焼にともない発生する二酸化硫黄が増大
することとなる。近年硫黄分を含まない液化天然
ガス(L.N.G)が普及するにつれて、このクリー
ンなガスの特性をそこなうことのない、硫黄含有
率の低いガス付臭剤が求められている。 本発明はかかる従来技術の欠点に鑑み、(a)低硫
黄含有率で燃料ガスに少ない添加量で効果があ
り、(b)凝固点の低いしかも、(c)ガス臭として一般
にイメージが定着しているT.B.M臭を有するガ
ス付臭剤を提供することを目的とする。 すなわちT.B.MおよびD.M.Sの混合付臭剤に第
3の成分を種々混合比率を変えて、新付臭剤と
し、その臭気認知閾値及び臭質につき鋭意検索、
研究を行つた結果、(1)D.M.S1重量部、T.B.M0.8
〜3.0重量部に対し、t−ヘプチルメルカプタン
0.02〜0.1重量部もしくはt−ヘキシルメルカプ
タン0.05〜0.3重量部よりなる3成分混合付臭剤
が極めてすぐれた特性を有し、本発明の目的に合
致する付臭剤となることを見いだし、本発明に到
つた。 以下に各付臭剤の臭気認知閾値測定結果、臭質
の判定結果、硫黄含有率、凝固点等をまとめる。
なお、臭気認知閾値は無臭室を用い、日本瓦斯協
会編「ガスの臭気濃度の測定方法」に準拠し、6
人の熟練パネルの平均値を測定値とした。又臭質
の判定は次の判定基準により定量化した。
The present invention relates to an odorant for fuel gas, and particularly to an odorant for fuel gas that exhibits great effects even when added in a small amount to fuel gas such as liquefied natural gas (LNG) or city gas. In order to prevent ignition and explosion due to gas leaks and gas poisoning, a unique odor substance (odorant) is added to these fuel gases so that they can be easily detected by the human sense of smell. For example, the standard for using odorants is stipulated in the Gas Business Law that ``the odor must emit a detectable odor when the proportion of gas in the air is one thousandth by volume.'' Desirable properties for an odorant include: (a) it should be recognizable as a gas odor, (b) it should be a warning odor with a shocking impact, (c) it should not cause olfactory fatigue, (d) it should not cause olfactory fatigue. (e) It is clearly distinguishable from commonly occurring odors (lifestyle odors); (f) It is effective at extremely low concentrations; (g) It is highly stable. (h) It burns completely and is odorless and harmless after combustion; (i) ) It is insoluble in water, and (j) It has high soil permeability. Traditionally used odorants are mercaptans,
Mainly sulfur compounds such as sulfides. In addition, among mercaptans, TBM (tert-butyl mercaptan) in particular has been used in large quantities in recent years due to its excellent properties such as being effective with a small amount added and being chemically stable. It is generally accepted as a gas odor, and its image as a gas odor has also become established. Although TBM is an excellent odorant, it is not without its drawbacks. In particular, its freezing point is as high as -0.5℃, and it crystallizes in the winter. The odorant is generally added to the gas using a metering pump, and crystallization must be avoided. Therefore, TBM is often used in combination with other ingredients. For example, TBM1 in PB report 81−201923
A mixed odorant consisting of 1 part by weight and 1 part by weight of DMS (dimethyl sulfide) has a low freezing point and does not crystallize even in winter. In addition, an odorant with a mixing ratio of 1 part by weight of TBM and 1 part by weight of DMS may be mixed with other mixing ratios, such as 1 part by weight of TBM and 0.3 parts by weight of DMS, or
Compared to an odorant consisting of 0.3 parts by weight of TBM and 1 part by weight of DMS, the odor recognition threshold (the limit concentration at which the quality of the odor becomes unknown, expressed as the odor component concentration per unit volume of gas, for example, μg/ m3 ) ) becomes lower. Therefore, the odor can be detected even with a small amount added to the fuel gas. The odor quality is a sharp gas odor similar to TBM. However, this odorant has the disadvantage that the sulfur weight content in the odorant is as high as 43.6%. If the sulfur content is high, sulfur dioxide generated during combustion will increase. As liquefied natural gas (LNG), which does not contain sulfur, has become popular in recent years, there is a need for gas odorants with low sulfur content that do not impair the properties of this clean gas. In view of the drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention (a) has a low sulfur content and is effective with a small amount added to fuel gas, (b) has a low freezing point, and (c) has a generally established image as a gas odor. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a gas odorant having a TBM odor. In other words, we created a new odorant by adding a third component to the mixed odorant of TBM and DMS at various mixing ratios, and conducted a thorough search for its odor recognition threshold and odor quality.
As a result of research, (1) 1 part by weight of DMS, 0.8 TBM
~3.0 parts by weight of t-heptyl mercaptan
It has been discovered that a three-component mixed odorant consisting of 0.02 to 0.1 part by weight or 0.05 to 0.3 part by weight of t-hexyl mercaptan has extremely excellent properties and is an odorant that meets the object of the present invention. I reached it. Below is a summary of the odor recognition threshold measurement results, odor quality determination results, sulfur content, freezing point, etc. of each odorant.
The odor recognition threshold was determined using an odor-free room and in accordance with the ``Measurement method of gas odor concentration'' compiled by the Japan Gas Association.
The average value of a human expert panel was used as the measured value. In addition, odor quality was quantified using the following criteria.

【表】【table】

【表】 以上の試験結果からわかるように、D.M.S:T.
B.M=1:1の付臭剤に第3物質としてt−ヘ
プチルメルカプタンを0.020〜0.05部添加すると、
その臭気認知閾値は低下し臭気認知閾値における
硫黄含有濃度も減少してくる。たとえば試験番号
ニ)の場合は(D.M.S:T.B.M:t−ヘプチルメ
ルカプタン=1:1:0.050)の臭気認知閾値に
おける硫黄含有濃度は0.17μg/m3であり、第3物
質を添加しない場合の試験番号イ)の場合の臭気
認知閾値における硫黄含有濃度0.39μg/m3に比
べ、(0.17/0.39)×100=43%減少させることが
できる。しかも臭質はT.B.Mにきわめて近いガ
ス様臭気を有する。t−ヘプチルメルカプタンを
さらに増加させるとその臭気認知閾値はさらに低
下してくるが臭質はT.B.Mとはなれてくる。 逆にt−ヘプチルメルカプタンの添加量を
0.020部以下にするとその臭気認知閾値はD.M.
S:T.B.M=1:1の付臭剤と変わらず第3物質
の添加の効果は少ない。 又D.M.S:T.B.M=1:1の付臭剤に第3物質
としてt−ヘキシルメルカプタンを0.05〜0.3部
添加するとその臭気認知閾値は低下し臭気認知閾
値における硫黄含有濃度は減少してくる。たとえ
ば試験番号オ)の場合(D.M.S:T.B.M:t−ヘ
キシルメルカプタン=1:1:0.300)臭気認知
閾値における硫黄含有濃度は0.17μg/m3であり、
第3物質を添加しない場合の試験番号ト)の場合
の臭気認知閾値における硫黄含有濃度0.39μg/m3
に比べ、(0.17/0.39)×100=43%減少させるこ
とができる。しかも臭質はT.B.Mにきわめて近
いガス様臭気を有する。t−ヘキシルメルカプタ
ンをさらに増加させるとその臭気認知閾値はさら
に低下してくるが臭質はT.B.Mとはなれてくる。 逆にt−ヘキシルメルカプタンの添加量を0.05
部以下にするとその臭気認知閾値はD.M.S:T.B.
M=1:1の付臭剤と変わらず第3物質の添加の
効果は少ない。 なお、本発明による(a)T.B.M/D.M.S/t−ヘ
プチルメルカプタン及び(b)T.B.M/D.M.S/t−
ヘキシルメルカプタンの三成分からなる混合付臭
剤は有機溶剤にとけ易く、水に不溶であること、
金属腐食性まないこと、化学的安定性にすぐれて
いること、土壌吸着性の少ないこと等、付臭剤と
して極めてすぐれた特性を有している。 以下に実施例を示すが、本発明はこれら実施例
に限定されるものではない。又、本付臭剤に使用
されるガスは都市ガスに限定されるものではな
い。 (実施例 1) T.B.M1部、D.M.S1部、t−ヘプチルメルカプ
タン0.025部を重量比で混合して攪拌し製品とす
る。本品を天然ガス1m3当たり5mg添加し、空気
中ガス濃度が千分の一になるよう放出希釈したと
ころT.B.Mに近いガス臭をはつきり検知した。 (実施例 2) T.B.M1.2部、D.M.S1部、t−ヘプチルメルカ
プタン0.03部を重量比で混合して攪拌し製品とす
る。本品を天然ガス1m3当たり5mg添加し、空気
にガス濃度が千分の一になるよう放出希釈したと
ころT.B.Mに近いガス臭をはつきり検知した。 (実施例 3) T.B.M1部、D.M.S1部、t−ヘプチルメルカプ
タン0.05部を重量比で混合して攪拌し製品とす
る。本品を天然ガス1m3当たり5mg添加し、空気
にガス濃度が千分の一になるよう放出希釈したと
ころT.B.Mに近いガス臭をはつきり検知した。 (実施例 4) T.B.M3部、D.M.S1部、t−ヘプチルメルカプ
タン0.1部を重量比で混合して攪拌し製品とする。
本品を天然ガス1m3当たり5mg添加し、空気にガ
ス濃度が千分の一になるよう放出希釈したところ
T.B.Mに近いガス臭をはつきり検知した。 (実施例 5) T.B.M1部、D.M.S1部、t−ヘキシルメルカプ
タン0.1部を重量比で混合して攪拌し製品とする。
本品を天然ガス1m3当たり5mg添加し、空気にガ
ス濃度が千分の一になるよう放出希釈したところ
T.B.Mに近いガス臭をはつきり検知した。 (実施例 6) T.B.M0.9部、D.M.S1部、3−メチルメンタン
チオール0.2部を重量比で混合して攪拌し製品と
する。本品を天然ガス1m3当たり5mg添加し、空
気にガス濃度が千分の一になるよう放出希釈した
ところT.B.Mに近いガス臭をはつきり検知した。 (実施例 7) T.B.M3.0部、D.M.S1部、t−ヘキシルメルカ
プタン0.3部を重量比で混合して攪拌し製品とす
る。本品を天然ガス1m3当たり5mg添加し、空気
にガス濃度が千分の一になるよう放出希釈したと
ころT.B.Mに近いガス臭をはつきり検知した。
[Table] As can be seen from the test results above, DMS:T.
When 0.020 to 0.05 parts of t-heptyl mercaptan is added as a third substance to an odorant with BM=1:1,
The odor recognition threshold decreases, and the sulfur content concentration at the odor recognition threshold also decreases. For example, in the case of test number d), the sulfur content concentration at the odor recognition threshold of (DMS:TBM:t-heptylmercaptan = 1:1:0.050) is 0.17μg/ m3 , and the test without the addition of a third substance Compared to the sulfur content concentration at the odor recognition threshold of 0.39 μg/m 3 in case number a), it can be reduced by (0.17/0.39) x 100 = 43%. Furthermore, it has a gas-like odor that is very similar to TBM. When t-heptyl mercaptan is further increased, the odor recognition threshold further decreases, but the odor quality becomes different from TBM. Conversely, the amount of t-heptyl mercaptan added
If it is less than 0.020 parts, the odor recognition threshold is DM.
As with the odorant with S:TBM=1:1, the effect of adding a third substance is small. Furthermore, when 0.05 to 0.3 parts of t-hexyl mercaptan is added as a third substance to an odorant having DMS:TBM=1:1, the odor recognition threshold decreases and the sulfur content concentration at the odor recognition threshold decreases. For example, in the case of test number E) (DMS: TBM: t-hexyl mercaptan = 1:1:0.300), the sulfur content concentration at the odor recognition threshold is 0.17 μg/ m3 ,
Sulfur content concentration at odor recognition threshold in case of test number G) when no third substance is added 0.39 μg/m 3
Compared to , it can be reduced by (0.17/0.39) x 100 = 43%. Furthermore, it has a gas-like odor that is very similar to TBM. When t-hexyl mercaptan is further increased, the odor recognition threshold further decreases, but the odor quality becomes different from TBM. Conversely, the amount of t-hexyl mercaptan added is 0.05.
If the odor recognition threshold is below DMS: TB
As with the odorant with M=1:1, the effect of adding a third substance is small. In addition, (a) TBM/DMS/t-heptyl mercaptan and (b) TBM/DMS/t-
The mixed odorant consisting of three components of hexyl mercaptan is easily soluble in organic solvents and insoluble in water;
It has extremely excellent properties as an odorant, such as being non-corrosive to metals, having excellent chemical stability, and having low adsorption to soil. Examples are shown below, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples. Furthermore, the gas used in the present odorant is not limited to city gas. (Example 1) 1 part of TBM, 1 part of DMS, and 0.025 part of t-heptylmercaptan are mixed in a weight ratio and stirred to form a product. When 5 mg of this product was added to 1 m 3 of natural gas and released and diluted to reduce the gas concentration in the air to 1/1000, a gas odor similar to TBM was detected. (Example 2) 1.2 parts of TBM, 1 part of DMS, and 0.03 parts of t-heptylmercaptan are mixed in a weight ratio and stirred to form a product. When 5 mg of this product was added to 1 m 3 of natural gas and released into the air to dilute the gas concentration to 1/1000, a gas odor similar to TBM was detected. (Example 3) 1 part of TBM, 1 part of DMS, and 0.05 part of t-heptylmercaptan are mixed in a weight ratio and stirred to form a product. When 5 mg of this product was added to 1 m 3 of natural gas and released into the air to dilute the gas concentration to 1/1000, a gas odor similar to TBM was detected. (Example 4) 3 parts of TBM, 1 part of DMS, and 0.1 part of t-heptylmercaptan are mixed in a weight ratio and stirred to form a product.
When 5mg of this product was added to 1m3 of natural gas and released into the air to dilute it to a 1/1000th concentration.
I detected a gas odor similar to TBM. (Example 5) 1 part of TBM, 1 part of DMS, and 0.1 part of t-hexylmercaptan are mixed in a weight ratio and stirred to form a product.
When 5mg of this product was added to 1m3 of natural gas and released into the air to dilute it to a 1/1000th concentration.
I detected a gas odor similar to TBM. (Example 6) 0.9 parts of TBM, 1 part of DMS, and 0.2 parts of 3-methylmenthanethiol are mixed in a weight ratio and stirred to form a product. When 5 mg of this product was added to 1 m 3 of natural gas and released into the air to dilute the gas concentration to 1/1000, a gas odor similar to TBM was detected. (Example 7) 3.0 parts of TBM, 1 part of DMS, and 0.3 parts of t-hexylmercaptan are mixed in a weight ratio and stirred to form a product. When 5 mg of this product was added to 1 m 3 of natural gas and released into the air to dilute the gas concentration to 1/1000, a gas odor similar to TBM was detected.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 ジメチルサルフアイド1重量部、t−ブチル
メルカプタン0.8〜3.0重量部に対しt−ヘプチル
メルカプタン0.02〜0.1重量部もしくはt−ヘキ
シルメルカプタン0.05〜0.3重量部を含有するこ
とを特徴とする燃料ガス用付臭剤。
1. A fuel gas attachment characterized by containing 0.02 to 0.1 part by weight of t-heptyl mercaptan or 0.05 to 0.3 parts by weight of t-hexyl mercaptan per 1 part by weight of dimethyl sulfide and 0.8 to 3.0 parts by weight of t-butyl mercaptan. Odorant.
JP6371285A 1985-03-29 1985-03-29 Odorant for fuel gas Granted JPS61223094A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP6371285A JPS61223094A (en) 1985-03-29 1985-03-29 Odorant for fuel gas

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP6371285A JPS61223094A (en) 1985-03-29 1985-03-29 Odorant for fuel gas

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS61223094A JPS61223094A (en) 1986-10-03
JPH0455478B2 true JPH0455478B2 (en) 1992-09-03

Family

ID=13237264

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP6371285A Granted JPS61223094A (en) 1985-03-29 1985-03-29 Odorant for fuel gas

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS61223094A (en)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5725592A (en) * 1980-07-19 1982-02-10 Taiyou Hatsujiyou Seisakusho K Clamping metals of hose or the like
JPS591433A (en) * 1982-06-07 1984-01-06 フイリツプス・ペトロリユ−ム・コンパニ− Purification of n-methylpyrrolidone

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5725592A (en) * 1980-07-19 1982-02-10 Taiyou Hatsujiyou Seisakusho K Clamping metals of hose or the like
JPS591433A (en) * 1982-06-07 1984-01-06 フイリツプス・ペトロリユ−ム・コンパニ− Purification of n-methylpyrrolidone

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS61223094A (en) 1986-10-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US7108803B1 (en) Gas odorization method
JP3378673B2 (en) Odorant for fuel gas
EP1537193B1 (en) Low-sulphur odorants for liquid gas
JP2007515520A (en) Odor of fuel gas with low sulfur odorant
US20110155616A1 (en) Low-sulfer odorants featuring improved stability
JPH0455478B2 (en)
JPS621998B2 (en)
JPH04173895A (en) Odorant for fuel gas
JPS5842235B2 (en) Odorizing agent for fuel gas
US3475146A (en) Thiophane-dimethyl disulfide gas odorant blends
NL8105764A (en) PERFUME FOR THE ODORIZATION OF ODORLESS GASEOUS FUELS.
JPS591433B2 (en) Odorizing agent for fuel gas
RU2374306C2 (en) Ordorant gas
RU2394068C2 (en) Gas odorant including cycloalkadien
WO2004015038A1 (en) Gas odorisation using carboxylic acids and alkynes
JPS5874792A (en) Odorant for fuel gas
JP2003138280A (en) Odorant for odorless gas
DE19745851B4 (en) Odoration of acetylene
JPH0220596A (en) Odorant for fuel gas
JPS5842234B2 (en) You can't get enough of this.
JPS54155203A (en) Odorization of fuel gas
SU1761163A1 (en) Fire-extinguishing composition
SU903377A1 (en) Denaturating additive
JPS621997B2 (en)
SU654668A1 (en) Natural gas skunk oil