JPH0452721B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a mechanical method and apparatus for separating peanut pods and capsule leaves attached thereto, and particularly to a mechanical method and apparatus for separating peanut pods and capsule leaves attached thereto. By supporting and feeding, a corresponding twist is generated and the pods can be picked off in a continuous operation.

Whether harvesting peanuts by equipment or by hand, always dig up the entire peanut plant before dropping the pods. Needless to say, the work efficiency of manually picking the pods is extremely low. However, some mechanical picking devices in general use support the peanut capsule leaves and knock off the capsules with a high-speed rotating iron rod or wire, while others put the entire peanut plant into high-speed rotating rolls and use a concentric force to remove the capsules. There is a method in which the pods are peeled off by impacting them against an outer receiving net or iron cage. However, the mechanical dehulling device often causes the pods to burst, which affects the quality of the pods, and even generates yellow noodle toxins.

The main objective of the present invention is to provide a kind of mechanical picking and placement of peanut pods to reduce or completely eliminate breakage of the pods.

The next objective of this development is to provide a single-action, continuous operation system from loading and unloading the pods, thereby improving the efficiency of the machine.

Some principles of the mechanical pod picking method of the present invention are similar to the artificial pod picking operation, that is, similar to holding a peanut pod leaf with a human hand, and grasping the pod with another hand. By twisting, in a situation where a capsule is to be dropped, the key is to gently grasp the capsule and at the same time twist it in the direction corresponding to the capsule. In order to achieve simplified operation of the machine, the present invention creates two sets of continuous rotation mechanisms to respectively clamp and transport peanut capsule and capsule parts along one road, among which: The leaf portion of the capsule is moved slightly in plane, and the pod portion is simultaneously gently rubbed, so that the pods are neatly rubbed off during the process of the peanut stock entering the plant through the import port, reaching the export port, and being discharged from there.

Among them, the leaf clamp feeding mechanism is composed of one slider and one rotating cutting piece. The cutting strip is an endless chain belt placed between one circular rotating wheel or one belt foil, and is driven by a power source. Its outer circumferential surface is a handling surface, which has appropriate indentations or ridges, with which it engages the working surface of the slider and winds up the peanut capsule leaves from one import port. The operation of the shibana is to transport the leaves to the export port.

The slider is a smooth guide surface or a smooth guide line, which is fixed on most of the processing surface of the processing strip so as to be grounded to form a transportation route and an import/export port at both ends thereof. .
The slider and the separating piece are brought into close contact with each other by an externally mounted elastic element or by their own elastic action, thereby achieving a suitable and sufficient clamping force. Thereby, the leaves clamped in the transportation path can be slid and transported along the slider as the cutting piece rotates.
The slider can also be an endless chain belt suspended between one or more belt foils, and can be moved as the cutting piece rotates, further reducing the resistance force.

The pod crushing and feeding mechanisms are installed parallel to each other on one side of the pod clamping and feeding mechanism, and are located at the import port, export port, and the transport route between them, which have the same relative position, so that the pod portion of the peanut plant is It is useful for accepting. The kneading mechanism is composed of one fixed kneading table and one operating kneading table.
The rotary kneading table is an endless belt body placed between one circular rotating wheel or one belt foil, and is driven by a power source. By having this, the working surface of the fixed massaging support piece and
The pods are rolled, enter the import port, and are transported along the export port road (the gap between the working surfaces of the rubbing table). The transport speed (the speed at which it is rolled and moved) and the transport speed of the leaf part are approximately the same.

The stationary kneading table is fixedly attached to most of the kneading support surface of the rotary kneading table so as to be accessible, and forms the transportation route and the import/export port. The fixed kneading table and the rotary kneading table have a soft structure that has sufficient frictional properties with both of their massaging surfaces, and are made of, for example, air-filled air or foam material, which makes them soft against the pods. A crushing action can be applied, and in the process of rolling and transporting the pods, the fatty stalks (roots) that connect the pods are twisted, thereby causing the pods to fall off.

Numerous other objects and advantages of the present invention can be understood from the following description, the descriptions and sheets of which are some good examples of the present invention.

Referring to the three-dimensional view of the first embodiment of the present invention in Figure 1 and the overhead view of Figure 2, these are a leaf clamp feeding mechanism 1 and a capsule crushing mechanism 2.
The leaf clamp feeding mechanism 1 is composed of a slider 11 and a separating piece 12. The slider 11 is mounted on the frame 3 using two smooth guide wires so as to have a radial shape and float.
2, between which a spring element 31 applies clamping pressure to the slider 11 against the cutting piece 12. The cutting piece 12 is a circular rotating wheel, and is driven by power at the central axis (the power element is Between the slider 11 (not shown) and the handling piece 12, there is an inlet 13 and an outlet 14 for clamping the leaves along the drive rotation direction (direction A shown by the arrow), and a transport path 15 between them. is forming. Judging action surface 12 of the cutting piece 12
A concave tank 122 is placed above 1 to add cleaning power.

The pod massaging mechanism 2 is composed of a fixed massaging table 21 and a rotary massaging system 22, which are installed parallel to the pod clamping mechanism, and a pod import port 23 at corresponding positions as shown in this embodiment in Figure 2. , exit 24
There are also 25 export routes between the two. The fixed kneading table 21 is fixedly installed on the frame 3, and the rotary kneading table 22 is a circular rotating wheel whose central axis is driven by power (the power element is not shown), and whose rotation direction is the same. This is as shown by arrow B in . The massaging support surfaces 211 and 221 of the fixed massaging table 21 and the rotating massaging table 22 are soft and have a frictional structure. Figure 3 is the vertical cross-section of this example,
Among them, the kneading table is disposed on the substrates 212, 222, and is constructed by arranging a number of filled air bodies 213, 223 and covering the outer periphery with soft cotton glue 214, 224. The width of the massaging surface is based on covering the capsule area. The gap 251 between the two supporting surfaces facing the capsule clamping mechanism (transportation path) is smaller than the other side 252, so that the capsule faces downward and has a pulling tendency, and the average Speaking of gaps, they gradually become smaller from the entrance to the exit, as in C1 > C2 in the three-dimensional space, and along the way, the pods gradually fall off and reduce their width. It's something that will happen.

Referring to picture 4, the transport speeds of the capsule leaf clamp feeding mechanism 1 and the capsule massaging feeding mechanism 2 for the peanut plant 4 are approximately the same, that is, the speed of clamping and transporting the capsule leaf part 41 and the capsule part 42. Since the speed at which the rotation center moves when the rotary kneading table 22 is rubbed is approximately the same, the linear velocity of the massaging surface of the rotary massaging table 22 is always approximately twice the linear velocity of the surface of the processing surface of the processing piece 12. In the embodiment of the present invention, the rotary kneading table 22 and the cleaning piece 12 are circular rotating wheels with approximately the same working length, so the rotational speed of the rotary kneading table 22 is approximately the same as that of the cleaning piece 12. twice,
The capsule part 42 is caused to rotate and revolve, and the revolution speed is the transportation speed of the peanut plant 4, and the capsule part 42 is rotated and the leaf part 41 is twisted and dropped. Due to the irregular shape of the capsule portion 42 and the instability of the rolling feed rate caused by the falling state (slightly faster or slower than the clamp feed rate of the capsule 41), it is advantageous to extend the clamping distance by just pulling down the capsule 42. I can do it.

Referring to Figure 5, it can be seen that the feeding of the leaf clamp in the present invention can also be changed appropriately, the cutting piece 12a is one endless chain belt, and the device is placed between several belt foils 125. The slider 11a is made to be rotatable, and the slider 11a has one smooth surface.
It is mounted on the frame 3 so as to float radially, and a spring element 31 applies clamping pressure to the slider 11a against the separating piece 12a.

The pod crumpling mechanism of the present invention shown in Figure 6 can also be modified as appropriate, in which the rotary crumpling table 22a is one endless belt, and several belt foils are used. 2
The outer edge of the rotary kneading table 22a, which is mounted between 25 and is rotatable, is a kneading supporting surface 221a made of a soft foam material with appropriate friction; Fixed massaging table 21a
is fixed on the frame 3, and its fixed kneading table 21
The outer edge of a is also a massaging surface 211a made of a foamed material. The massaging and supporting surface can also have a large number of depressions or protrusions to add friction.

As can be seen from the above structure, the present invention uses two sets of rotating mechanisms to clamp the capsule and capsule portions of a peanut plant, generate corresponding twists, and then pick off the capsules. The structure gently wraps and grips the capsule part, avoiding damage to the capsule, and the mechanism itself is a continuous operation method with a single operation.The structure is simple, reliable, and highly effective.
Therefore, it has great industrial utility value.

What we can expect is what is shown in the appendix.
Regarding the specific embodiment of the present invention explained above,
Since more changes, modifications and/or additions may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, the patentable scope of the invention is therefore limited to the appended claims. It is something.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Picture 1 is a three-dimensional partial anatomical display picture of the first embodiment of the present invention. Picture 2 is an overhead view of picture 1. Plate 3 shows the X-X anatomical plane of Plate 2. Picture 4 is a partial anatomical picture of importing a peanut fruit strain into the first embodiment of the present invention and picking the pods. Picture 5
This is an overhead view of the second embodiment of the leaf clamp feeding mechanism of the present invention. Picture 6 is an overhead view of the second embodiment of the capsule crushing mechanism of the present invention.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A method of peeling peanut pods by clamping the pod leaf part with one pod feeding mechanism, rolling the pod part with one rolling mechanism, and peeling the whole peanut plant at the same time. Its characteristic feature is that when it enters between the two mechanisms and is transported, the capsule part is twisted and falls off in correspondence with the capsule part. 2. A kind of peanut pod stripping device, which includes:
One capsule leaf clamp feeding mechanism, composed of one sliver and one rotating cutting piece, which clamps the capsule part of peanut plants and transports it along one transport route; one capsule crusher; a feeding mechanism, which is installed on one side of the capsule feeding mechanism and has a transportation path corresponding to the transportation path of the capsule feeding mechanism; The capsule leaf clamp feeding mechanism and the capsule rolling mechanism are driven by a power source to crush the pod portion of the peanut plant. It is characterized by providing approximately similar transport rates for the leaf and capsule parts. 3. A device as described in claim 2, characterized in that the cutting piece of the leaf clamp feeding mechanism is one circular rotating wheel. 4. A device as described in claim 2, in which the handling piece of the leaf clamp feeding mechanism is one endless chain, which is installed between several belt foils. Its characteristics. 5. A device as described in claim 2, characterized in that the outer edge of the cutting piece is a general cutting surface, and the cutting surface has uneven threads. 6. A device as described in claim 2, in which the slider in the leaf clamp feeding mechanism is fixed to the outer circumference of the cutting piece so as to be accessible, and It is characterized by the formation of a route for the transportation of peanut stocks, as well as an import and export port. 7. A device as described in claim 2, in which the slider is characterized by a single smooth guide surface. 8. A device as described in claim 2, in which the slider is characterized by several smooth guide lines. 9. A device as described in claim 2, characterized in that the slider and the separating piece are brought into close contact with each other by means of an external elastic element. . 10. An apparatus as described in claim 2, characterized in that the rotary kneading table of the capsule kneading mechanism is a single circular rotating wheel. 11 The device as described in claim 2, in which the rotary kneading table of the capsule kneading mechanism is one endless belt body, which is installed between several belt pulleys. What is its characteristic? 12. A device as described in claim 2, in which a fixed crumpling table in the capsule crumpling mechanism is fixed to the outer circumference of the rotary crumpling table so as to be accessible, and a peanut Its distinctive feature was that it formed a crossroads for the transportation of stocks, and also had import and export ports. 13. An apparatus as described in claim 2, characterized in that the linear velocity of action of the rotary kneading table is approximately twice the linear velocity of action of the processing piece. 14 In the device as described in claim 12, the gap closer to the capillary clamping mechanism side of the transportation route is larger than the gap farther away from the capillary clamp feeding mechanism side. Its characteristic is that it is small. 15. A device as described in claim 12, characterized in that the gap between the transportation routes gradually decreases from the import port end to the export port end. 16. A device as described in claim 2, in which the outer edge of the rotary kneading table and the inner edge of the fixed kneading table both have one soft and sufficiently frictional kneading surface. Its characteristics. 17. A device as described in claim 16, characterized in that its massaging surface contains a filled air body. 18. A device as described in claim 16, characterized in that its massaging surface has an uneven thread.