JPH0452237Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a safety device suitable for implementation in a crane or the like having swinging and traveling functions.

(Prior art) Conventionally, in cranes and the like that have a swivel arm that are used in a limited space such as a ship's hold, if the operator makes a mistake in running or turning the swivel arm, the swivel arm will move against an obstacle such as a pillar. Contact with the rotating arm or rotating drive mechanism could result in damage, and serious disasters such as personal injury could occur. For this reason, it is strongly desired that a safety device be provided at the tip of the swing arm to detect an obstacle and stop driving such as swing or travel. Therefore, in the past, multiple displacement detection devices (limit switches, etc.) were installed near the tip of the swing arm for each movement direction of the crane (for example, turning, traveling, etc.), and the device was activated in all movement directions. It is suggested that something be done.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) However, in these conventional technologies, since a displacement detection device is used for each direction of movement, an obstacle in a direction other than the direction of movement misses the displacement detection device and collides with it. In that case, there was a problem that the displacement detection device would not operate. Therefore, it has the disadvantage that failures tend to occur frequently.

The present invention eliminates these drawbacks and provides a safety device for cranes, etc., which operates reliably to stop the swing arm even if obstacles within the crane's operating range collide from any direction, and which reduces failures. The purpose is to provide

(Means for Solving the Problems) As a means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides an actuating arm having an outer dimension larger than the outer shape of the tip of the swing arm on the upper surface of the tip of the swing arm. The actuating arm is provided close to and substantially parallel to the swivel arm, and the proximal end of the actuating arm is supported by a leaf spring to enable the actuating arm to move in the longitudinal direction of the swiveling arm. is provided with a support member, the swing arm is provided with a guide mechanism having a gap, the support member of the actuation arm is loosely fitted into the gap of the guide mechanism, and one end is fixed to the center of the tip of the swing arm. and two tension springs having other ends fixed to both edges of the actuating arm, and a displacement detecting device for detecting a relative position of the actuating arm with respect to the rotating arm in a plane, the displacement detecting device The invention is characterized in that the swing arm is configured to stop driving when the swing arm detects a displacement.

(Function) With this structure, the present invention has the following functions. That is, on the upper surface of the distal end of the swivel arm, an actuating arm having an outer dimension larger than the outer shape of the distal end of the swivel arm is provided close to and approximately parallel to the swivel arm. Obstacles in all directions within the operating range of the swivel arm are directly
It will not hit the rotating arm.

The base end side of the operating arm is supported by a leaf spring so that the operating arm can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the swing arm, and one end is fixed to the center of the distal end of the swing arm and the other end is fixed to the center of the swing arm. Since two tension springs fixed to both edges of the swing arm are provided, the actuating arm can be reliably displaced even if an obstacle within the operating range of the swing arm collides with it from any direction. and,
The elastic force of the tension spring and the leaf spring ensures that the actuating arm returns to its original position when the actuating arm is separated from an obstacle.

A support member is provided approximately in the center of the operating arm, a guide mechanism having a gap is provided in the swing arm, and the support member of the actuator arm is loosely fitted into the gap of the guide mechanism. Even if a vertical force acts on the operating arm, the operating arm does not separate from the swing arm, and even if the operating arm moves in the longitudinal direction of the swing arm, the elastic force of the tension spring The support member is positioned in contact with the guide mechanism according to this relationship, and the positional relationship between the swing arm and the operating arm is maintained.

Since a displacement detection device is provided that detects the relative position of the operating arm in a plane with respect to the swing arm, when the displacement detection device detects displacement,
The drive of the swing arm is reliably stopped.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. First, the structure of a cargo handling device for cargo hold using the safety device according to the present invention will be explained based on FIGS. 4 to 6.

In the vicinity of the lower surface A of the ceiling in the hold, running rails 2 are laid in parallel via a required number of runway brackets 1. A running wheel 3 rolling on a lower flange 2a of the running rail 2, an idler wheel 4 in contact with an upper flange 2b of the running rail 2, and a running rail 2
The side roller 5 rolling on the web side surface 2c is
Crane saddle 6 arranged on the side of the traveling rail 2
is held by.

The base side of the crane saddle 6 is fixed to a girder 7 consisting of a double girder having a box-like cross section, thereby forming a crane 8. The crane 8 is configured to travel in the direction in which the traveling rail 2 extends (perpendicular to the plane of the paper in FIG. 4) by a self-propelling prevention mechanism (not shown) and a traveling geared motor 9. On the other hand, on the opposite side of girder 7,
A transverse rail 10 having stoppers (not shown) at both ends, and a rack gear 11 extending along the side surface of the transverse rail 10 are installed.

A traversing wheel 13 rotatably pivoted to a trolley 12 is mounted on the traversing rail 10, and is positioned so that the reaction force applied to the traversing wheel 13 is received by the upper flange 7a of the girder 7. On the other hand, a side roller 14 rotatably attached to the trolley 12 is configured to roll on the side surface of the rack gear 11.

Inside the trolley 12, a transverse geared motor 1 is installed.
5 is attached, and a pinion gear (not shown) provided on its output shaft meshes with the rack gear 11. Thereby, when the traverse geared motor 15 is energized, the trolley 12 will traverse on the traverse rail 10.

Further, a swing arm 16 is attached to the lower part of the trolley 12 via a swing base bearing (not shown), and inside the trolley 12 is a swing geared motor 17 and a coupling 1 to its output shaft 18.
A turning speed reducer 20 (worm gear, etc.) connected through a gear 9 is provided. A pinion gear 21 provided on an output shaft (not shown) of this swing reducer 20 meshes with a swing gear 22 carved on the outer peripheral surface of the swing table bearing. This results in
When the swing geared motor 17 is energized, the swing arm 16 turns 360 degrees on the lower surface of the trolley 12.

Sheaves 23, 23, sheaves 24, 24, and an equalizer sheave 25 are rotatably attached to a portion 16a near the tip of the swing arm 16, and a hanging tool hanging from the portion 16a near the tip is attached to the base end 16b. A winding machine 27 for winding up 26 is provided. The configuration of this hoisting machine 27 is as shown in FIG.
8, a brake 29, a speed reducer 30, a drum 31, etc., are integrally combined.

As shown in FIG. 4, the hoisting wire rope 32 wound around the drum 31 of the hoisting machine 27 has both ends fixed to the drum 31, and is attached to a sheave which is pivoted to the vicinity of the tip 16a of the swing arm 16. 23, 23
After being hung over the swivel arm 16, it is folded back by the sheaves 33, 33 provided on the hanging device 26, and then the swing arm 16
The sheaves 24, 2 are pivotally attached to the portion 16a near the tip of the sheave 24, 2.
4, and its central portion is held by an equalizer sheave 25.

Figures 1 to 3 show the case where the safety device of the present invention is installed in such cargo handling equipment for cargo hold.
This will be explained based on the diagram.

The operating arm 34 is formed so that its outer dimension is one size larger than the outer shape of the distal end portion 16a of the swing arm 16. The operating arm 34 is a pipe bent into a U-shape, and a support member 3 is provided approximately in the center of the pipe.
4a, and a connecting member 34b is also welded near the open end (base end). The support member 34a of the actuation arm 34 has a straight portion of a certain length in the center and a substantially arcuate portion with slightly bent ends.

The swing arm 16 is provided with a guide mechanism 35 as shown in FIG. Guide mechanism 35
Stepped roller pins 36, 36 are welded to the frame upper surface 16c of the swing arm 16, a guide plate 37 is horizontally suspended between the stepped portions of the roller pins 36, 36, and tightened with nuts 38, 38, respectively. Cavity part 3
9. A roller 40 made of resin is rotatably attached to the roller pin 36 on the tip side of the swing arm 16. This guide mechanism 35
As shown, the support 34 of the actuation arm 34
Two pieces are provided in parallel on the frame upper surface 16c of the swing arm 16, corresponding to the length of the straight part a. Then, the supporting member 34a of the actuating arm 34 is loosely fitted between the gap 39 of the two guide mechanisms 35, 35, and the actuating arm 34 is rotated so that it can be movable in a plane with respect to the rotating arm 16. It is provided close to the arm 16 and substantially parallel to it.

On the other hand, a protrusion 41 is welded to the tip 16a of the swing arm 16. Between this projecting piece 41 and the actuating arm 34, the actuating arm 34 is pulled to the tip 16a of the swing arm 16, and
Two tension springs 42, 42 are provided which are tensioned in the vertical direction with respect to the paper plane of FIG. As a result, the bent portion of the support member 34a of the operating arm 34 comes into pressure contact with the roller 40 of the guide mechanism 35. Furthermore, two pins 43, 43 are welded to the inner side of the swing arm 16. One ends of leaf springs 44, 44 are engaged with the two pins 43, 43, and the other ends of the leaf springs 44, 44 are inserted into the respective open ends of the operating arms 34 for a required length.

The balance due to the elastic force of these two tension springs 42 and the leaf spring 44 and the bending part of the support member 34a of the actuating arm 34 cause the roller 40 of the guide mechanism 35 to
By making pressure contact with the swivel arm 16, the center of the swivel arm 16 and the center of the operating arm 34 are positioned to coincide with each other, and the inertia force generated by driving the swivel arm 16, such as swinging and running, is reduced. It also absorbs.

As shown in FIG. 3, a displacement detection device 45 for detecting a relative displacement in a plane of the actuation arm 34 with respect to the swing arm 16 is provided on the side of the support member 34a of the actuation arm 34, as shown in FIG. . This displacement detection device 45 is, for example, a limit switch,
Consists of photoelectric switches, etc. By the operation of this displacement detection device 45, the rotation of the rotation arm 16,
Geared motors 17, 9, 1 for traveling and traversing
The energizing circuit No. 5 is opened and its driving is stopped.

The operation of the embodiment configured as described above will be explained. Frame top surface 1 at the tip of the swing arm 16
6c, an actuating arm 3 having an outer dimension larger than the outer shape of the distal end of the swing arm 16;
4 is provided close to and substantially parallel to the frame upper surface 16c of the swing arm 16, the swing arm 16 and the operating arm 34 become one body, and the swing arm 1
Even if an obstacle in the operating range of 6 approaches the swivel arm 16 from any direction, the swivel arm 16
It never hits.

One end of a leaf spring 44 is inserted into the open end (base end side) of the operating arm 34 to support it, and the other end is fixed to the rotating arm 16 via a pin 43 provided on the rotating arm 16. The swivel arm 1
6 is movable in the longitudinal direction, and two tension springs 42 are provided, one end of which is fixed at the center of the distal end of the swing arm, and the other end of which is fixed to both edges of the operating arm. Even if an obstacle in the operating range of 16 collides with it from any direction, the actuating arm 34 will be reliably displaced.For example, if an obstacle collides with the actuating arm 34 from the side, it will be activated by the elastic force of the leaf spring 44. When the entire operating arm 34 is displaced and the operating arm 34 leaves the obstacle, the leaf spring 44 and the tension spring 4
The actuating arm 34 returns to its original position due to the elastic force of 2.

Furthermore, when an obstacle collides with the swing arm 16 from the longitudinal direction, the actuation arm 34 moves in the longitudinal direction of the swing arm 16 by inserting the leaf spring 44 into the base end of the actuation arm 34.
Then, when the actuating arm 34 leaves the obstacle, the actuating arm 34 returns to its original position due to the elastic force of the tension spring 42, and the supporting member 34a hits the roller 40 of the guide mechanism 35 and is fixed. .

Next, as shown in FIG. 1, when the obstacle 46 collides with the actuating arm 34 from an oblique direction, the entire actuating arm 34 moves in the diagonal direction with the lateral and longitudinal movements combined. Move to. The movement of the actuating arm 34 is caused by the leaf spring 4 when the actuating arm 34 leaves the obstacle 46.
4 and the elastic force of the tension spring 42, the operating arm 34 returns to its original position.

Further, a support member 34a is provided approximately in the center of the operating arm 34, and a guide mechanism 35 having a cavity 39 is provided in the swing arm 16.
The supporting member 34 of the actuating arm 34 is placed in the cavity 39 of 5.
a is fitted loosely, so that even if a vertical force is applied to the actuating arm 34, the actuating arm 34 will not separate from the swing arm 16, and the actuating arm 34 will not move away from the swing arm 16 in the longitudinal direction. Even if the support member 34a is moved by the elastic force of the tension spring 42, the support member 34a contacts the roller 40 of the guide mechanism 35 and is positioned, and the positional relationship between the swing arm 16 and the operating arm 34 is maintained. .

In this way, even if an obstacle within the operating range collides with the actuating arm 34 from any direction, the actuating arm 34 is reliably displaced.

Therefore, a displacement detection device 45 provided on the actuating arm 34 for detecting the relative position of the actuating arm 34 in a plane with respect to the rotating arm 16 is also used in the actuating arm 34.
4, the displacement detection device 45 detects the displacement, and the driving of the swing arm 16 is stopped.

Next, the operation will be explained. When the hoisting motor 28 is energized by a push button switch (not shown),
The brake 29 releases the braking force and the drum 31 is rotated at a reduced speed, so that the hoisting wire rope 3
2 is wound up and the cargo W is latched to the hanging device 26.
can perform hoisting work. In addition, when moving this cargo W horizontally, for turning, for traveling,
The geared motors 17, 9, 1 are operated by operating the desired push button of each geared motor 17, 9, 15 for traverse.
When power is applied to the crane 5, the crane 8 moves as desired and the cargo W moves horizontally.

In this case, when the swing arm 16 approaches an obstacle 46 such as a pillar in the hold, the actuating arm 34 comes into contact with the obstacle 46, and the actuating arm 34 moves as explained in the above operation. Then, the displacement detection device 45 detects the geared motors 17, 9, 15.
Since the current-carrying circuit of geared motor 1 is opened, geared motor 1
7, 9, and 15 immediately stop their driving, thereby preventing the swing arm 16 from colliding with the obstacle 46 or the like.

(Effects of the invention) As detailed above, according to the invention, an actuating arm having an outer dimension larger than the outer shape of the tip of the swing arm is placed close to the top surface of the tip of the swing arm. Since the swing arm and the actuating arm are arranged substantially parallel to each other, the swing arm and the actuating arm become one body, and obstacles within the range of motion of the swing arm will not directly hit the swing arm.

The base end side of the actuating arm is supported by a leaf spring to make the actuating arm movable in the longitudinal direction of the swing arm, and one end is fixed to the center of the distal end of the swing arm, and the other end is fixed to the center of the tip of the swing arm. Since two tension springs fixed to both edges of the arm are provided, the actuating arm can be reliably displaced even if an obstacle within the operating range of the swing arm collides with it from any direction. When the actuating arm is separated from the obstacle due to the elastic force of the tension spring and the leaf spring, the actuating arm can be reliably returned to its original position.

Further, a supporting member is provided approximately at the center of the operating arm, a guide mechanism having a gap is provided in the swing arm, and the supporting member of the operating arm is loosely fitted into the gap of the guide mechanism. Even if a vertical force acts on the actuating arm, the actuating arm does not separate from the swing arm, and even if the actuating arm moves in the longitudinal direction of the swing arm, the tension spring The support member is positioned in contact with the guide mechanism due to the elastic force, and the positional relationship between the swing arm and the operating arm can be maintained.

In this way, the operating arm is moved by an obstacle within the range of movement of the swing arm, and this movement is reliably stopped by the displacement detecting device provided on the operating arm, so there is no chance of damage to the swing arm. There isn't.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a plan view of the safety device according to the present invention;
The figure is a front view of the one shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a partially sectional view showing an enlarged portion along the - line in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a front view of a cargo handling device using the safety device according to the present invention, Fig. 5 is a plan view taken from the direction of line V-V in Fig. 4, and Fig. 6 is taken along the - line in Fig. 4. FIG. 16... Swivel arm, 34... Actuation arm,
34a...Supporting material, 35...Guide mechanism, 39...
...Gap portion, 42...Tension spring, 44...Plate spring, 45...Displacement detection device.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] (1) An actuating arm having an external dimension larger than the external shape of the distal end of the rotating arm is provided on the top surface of the distal end of the rotating arm, close to and substantially parallel to the rotating arm; The base end side of the operating arm is supported by a leaf spring to enable the operating arm to move in the longitudinal direction of the swing arm, and a supporting member is provided approximately at the center of the swing arm, and the swing arm is provided with a supporting member. A guide mechanism having a cavity is provided, a supporting member of the actuation arm is loosely fitted into the cavity of the guide mechanism, one end is fixed to the center of the distal end of the swing arm, and the other end is fixed to both edges of the actuation arm. two tension springs fixed to the swivel arm are provided, and a displacement detection device is provided for detecting the relative position of the actuating arm in a plane with respect to the swivel arm, and when the displacement detection device detects the displacement, the swivel arm is A safety device for a crane, etc., characterized by being configured to stop the drive. (2) The displacement detection device that detects the displacement of the operating arm with respect to the swing arm is replaced with a limit switch or photoelectric sensor that detects when the support provided on the operating arm is in a position or attitude different from its normal position or attitude. A safety device for a crane or the like as set forth in claim (1) of the utility model registration, characterized in that it is formed by a switch or the like.