JPH04504888A - Apparatus and method for controlling energy conversion device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention is applicable to fields where automatic or diesel engines are commonly used today. It is possible to use Stirling and Erikran type hot gas engines in Regarding the method, in particular, an energy source consisting of a hot gas engine with step control. The present invention relates to a method for continuously controlling output from a conversion device. The present invention also provides the hot gas The present invention relates to an energy conversion device equipped with an engine.

Hot gas engines have substantially higher efficiency than, for example, Otto engines. , its use is desirable. This means that the fuel supplied to the engine is sufficient for complete combustion. This is because the amount of exhaust gas harmful to the environment is much smaller. Furthermore , almost any type of fuel can be used in a hot gas engine, and reheating is required for its heating. It is environmentally friendly because it can be used as raw energy.

In this type of engine, the output power is, by definition, given by the equation PM.ω. child Here, P-power, M-) torque, and ω-angular velocity (ω is one rotational speed/π/30). Therefore, If you want to change the output of an engine, you need two variables: torque and angular velocity/rotational speed. exist. At least for internal combustion engines, the optimum engine speed is usually Special table for torque 4-504888 (2) Fixed at the engine speed where the dependence on the relatively low engine speed is highest. Since the engine speed relative to the torque can be changed to allow for changes in output It is desirable to make the degree of dependence variable. Naturally, this also applies to vehicles, for example. It is not something to be excluded.

The devices that control the power from existing hot gas engines include fuel/air control devices and torque It consists of a control device. By varying the amount of combustible fuel/air mixture, One device is the corresponding change in the temperature of the well-known heater wall in the engine, This results in a change in rolling speed and, therefore, a change in engine output. The second control device By changing the working pressure of the working gas contained in the engine, it is possible to maintain a constant engine speed. The aim is to change the engine torque in degrees. This can be done in many different, multi- This is achieved by at least a complex method.

For example, if a slowly varying torque is required, such as in a marine engine, sufficient control is required. Simple and safe equipment that meets your requirements is available. For rapidly changing torque Various devices have been proposed. The so-called intermediate gas pressure device operates in a circular manner. The amount of gas and therefore the intermediate gas pressure is adjusted according to the variable torque required It is possible to respond quickly enough. However, this is also complicated and Manufacturing costs are high. Furthermore, energy loss occurs in the control phase where the torque rapidly decreases. A loss occurs. Therefore, such expensive output control devices are required for example to This has greatly reduced the competitiveness of using engines. So-called step control is a rapid This is another output control device that can respond to changes in torque, and can also respond to changes in intermediate gas pressure. This is the foundation. If the volume of working gas in one or more steps If it is possible to change the transmission from the engine at each engine speed, The torque applied can be increased or decreased. This outputs It provides a relatively inexpensive method of control, but the control is done in several stages.

Originally, control applied to a vehicle, for example, should be performed continuously, so Controlled hot gas engines cannot be used.

Another unresolved issue is that hot gas engines are loaded to prevent excessive wear and tear. It requires a 1.2 minute warm-up before starting. Thus, for example, automatic Users of this type of engine in cars should not use gasoline or diesel engines. Availability issues also arise, as most applications require rapid availability. this is heat Means the gas engine is not suitable for use.

The main object of the invention is therefore to continuously change the output from the energy conversion device. The object of the present invention is to provide a control device of the type mentioned in the introduction, which makes it possible to

Another object of the present invention is to It is an object of the present invention to provide an energy conversion device with sufficient availability.

These objects are achieved by a method according to the invention having the following characteristics.

Continuously adjustable accumulator and generator/engine units over time An energy storage device with stores excess energy obtained when exceeding the required output from the stem, The energy storage device is configured such that the output from the hot gas engine is below the output condition. When supplying power, the storage or output of the energy storage device is The output from the energy converter is also controlled so that it can be adjusted continuously over time. Ru.

Furthermore, these objects provide an energy conversion device according to the invention having the following characteristics: This is achieved by i.e. accumulators and generators that are continuously adjustable over time. Equipped with a rotor/engine unit, the output from the hot gas engine is converted into energy. Stores excess energy obtained when exceeding the required output from a device and uses heat An engine that supplies energy when the output from the gas engine is below the output condition. a gin storage device; The energy conversion device is designed such that the output from the energy conversion device can be adjusted continuously over time. This is a control device that adjusts the storage and output of the energy storage device.

One advantage of the invention is that the storage of energy in the converter allows for example Exhaust gas is emitted for a certain period of time, such as when driving a bus using the above device in a storage area. This makes it possible to operate the device without having to release any electricity.

Another advantage of the invention is that the maximum power of the energy conversion system is Obtained from adding the maximum power and the maximum available power from the energy conversion device. It's about being able to do something. Thus, the maximum power of a hot gas engine is that of a diesel engine. The drive unit may be limited compared to that of conventional drive units such as.

Another advantage of the invention is that it allows the production of small city vehicles. Immediately In other words, the energy conversion device converts the engine drive shaft that is not needed to start the vehicle. Electrical or compressed fluid generation is possible in urban centers since a portion of the output can be stored. and can be powered by a hot gas engine outside of city centres.

Further advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will become clear from the explanation.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment used in a city bus.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment used in a lightweight city vehicle.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment used in a delivery pan.

Figure 4 shows the output from the energy conversion device as a function of time for an imaginary drive cycle. Figure shown as numbers.

Special table Hei 4-504888 (3) FIG. 5 is a diagram similar to FIG. 4, but using a different control method to control the output from the device. FIG. 3 is a diagram as a function of time for an imaginary drive cycle.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention in an auxiliary moving crab knit.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention used in an auxiliary moving caster station.

Figure 1 shows the engine used for heavy and medium-duty vehicles such as buses and breads in urban and suburban transportation. In the hot gas engine of the energy conversion device, the first method using the device according to the present invention Here is an example. The drive unit consists of a two-stage adjustable hot gas engine unit 1 and 2, each with a burner 3 and a fuel/air control system 4, among others The system 4 includes a fuel line 5, a fuel valve 6, a supply means 7 and a combustion air fan 8. have. In this embodiment, engine units 1 and 2 shown in FIG. The power is regulated in three predetermined shaft torque stages. That is, The maximum power that can be obtained at each engine speed is the maximum that can be supplied from the engine unit. Axial torque stage. The engine rotation speed is determined by the power conditions and is applied respectively. quantity of fuel and air, and gearbox (FL - distribution gearbox, VL - conventional affected by external and internal loads (through the gearbox).

Half shaft torque stage delivering approximately half of the maximum shaft torque available at each engine speed . Even in this case, the engine speed is determined by the power conditions, and according to the above affected.

By adding only a small energy charging condition, the auxiliary equipment of the vehicle's drive A no-load shaft torque stage in which only the shaft torque corresponding to the power conditions is generated. This stage is Configure a ready position for the engine unit prior to anticipated impending shaft power conditions do.

In addition, power adjustment is possible for different shaft torque stages in each engine unit. One engine unit, two engine units or none at all There is a possibility of cutting when there is no such thing. The engine unit has an axial pull Kl and cut by KII. The vehicle is pushed against the above distribution gearbox FL. a gearbox VL or a fluid unit, preferably a hydraulic unit HM/P. one of the ports is connected. The hydraulic unit HM/P is at the pump position. Converts mechanical shaft power to stored hydraulic power. This accumulated power is one or both of the units, in this case a vehicle consisting of Preking Energy. Originating from any of the engine units. Shaft torque from the unit HM/P is without additional shaft torque (in this case there is no exhaust gas), engine unit 1 and The vehicle is driven by adding shaft torque from one or both of the two.

The distribution gearbox FL has a conventional method determined by the operating conditions of the vehicle. The above conventional gearbox VL, which converts engine speed and shaft torque, takes It is attached. The gearbox has a drive shaft 9 and the resulting drive of the vehicle. It is provided with a coupling K11l for engaging and disengaging the wheels.

Hydraulic power is provided by a high pressure tank, each with a pressure tank such as nitrogen gas or other suitable gas. It is stored in a pressure accumulator consisting of a pressure section 10 and a low pressure section 11. high pressure The difference in oil pressure between section 10 and low pressure section 11 is a measure of the resulting power delivery. .

The drive system with stepwise adjustable hot gas engine units 1 and 2 comprises: Provides rapidly adjustable shaft torque to propel the vehicle. This means that the power is and that the energy supply is obtained in stored form in the hot gas engine unit. 1 and 2 by being maintained in a filled state. Therefore, this drive system The system has a pre-programmed electronic control system that can be applied to various drive cycles. 1 (not shown in FIG. 1). Meanwhile, the driver is accelerating in the traditional manner using the lever, brake pedal, clutch pedal, and gear lever. Able to drive a vehicle.

From an energy saving point of view, to avoid conversion losses, the required propulsion power is Wherever possible, the power should be supplied directly from the engine unit to the drive wheels, and the brakes of the vehicle should be minimized. It is important that as much energy as possible is stored in the accumulator. child This is accomplished by an electronic control system. Figure 2 is a diagram similar to Figure 1, but this In embodiments, the energy conversion device has an electrical energy storage chamber and a lightweight Applicable to propel urban vehicles. Due to low power conditions, the drive unit is A single engine unit that is adjusted in several stages, for example in three stages as in the previous example. Consists of 1 piece. Via the coupling KI, the engine is coupled to the electric motor /Outputs the electronic generator unit 12. Unit 12 has gearbox VL a drive shaft connected to said gearbox by driving through or braking; 9. Furthermore, this gearbox is equipped with operating gears 13 and 13 in a conventional manner. The driving wheels 14 are driven.

The electrical unit 12 is configured to operate different axle torques for propelling the vehicle during different drive cycles. brake in the electric battery when the vehicle is braking. controlled to accumulate energy. Furthermore, this electric unit For example, the output power from a hot gas engine can be used to electrically charge the battery. To store in the form of energy, or vice versa, electrical energy in batteries is used to convert the power into shaft output power for propelling the vehicle (Figures 4 and 5 reference). Also, this special table Hei 4-504888 (4) In this case, it is the electrical control system described above that controls the energy consumption. On the other hand, The driver uses the conventional method to control the gas pedal, brake pedal, and optionally the brake pedal. The vehicle is driven using a pedal and a gear lever. Drive power should be made from hot gas as much as possible. It is important that the power is transmitted directly to the engine or the drive wheels of the vehicle. On the other hand, the electric battery The output from the terry is optionally converted from a hot gas engine so that there are no exhaust gases. To adjust the power output or even temporarily achieve maximum speed, for example, when going up a hill, generate maximum shaft torque during heavy acceleration when used for

The example described above provides a direct mechanical drive connection between the engine unit and the drive wheels of the vehicle. Although the purpose of this direct contact is The goal is to save energy as efficiently as possible.

However, in some cases, for example due to cost, construction, flexibility etc. drive unit, which provides direct mechanical engagement between the hot gas engine and the drive wheels of the vehicle. Sometimes it doesn't. FIG. 3 shows an example of use in a drive system for delivery pans.

In FIG. 3, reference numeral 1 indicates a stepwise adjustable piston row, as described above. The figure shows a hot gas engine connected to a hydraulic pump with a hydraulic pump. through the pump The hot gas engine 1 includes a hydraulic accumulator consisting of a low pressure section 11 and a high pressure section 10. charge the data. The wheels 14 of the vehicle are driven, for example, by a continuously variable transformer (CV). T) via a gearbox VL, the coupled engine and pump unit H This is achieved by M/P. The vehicle's braking energy is generated by the hydraulic unit HM. /P functions as a pump and stores effective braking energy in the hydraulic accumulator. Energy is stored in the form of hydraulic power so it is not wasted.

An electronically pre-programmed control system E automatically monitors and controls the system. Ru. The driver of the vehicle operates the accelerator pedal, brake pedal, and Drive using a gear lever.

4 and 5 show that the stepped power from the energy conversion device is Additional supply of energy or energy as a function of time throughout the drive cycle – Show how it is regulated by the absorption of energy by an accumulator. There is. This is because the shaft torque of a hot gas engine is adjusted in stages, but according to the present invention, The result is a completely continuous output due to the cooperation with the energy accumulator. It means.

Figure 4 shows an electric accumulator in this example, but also a hydraulic accumulator or other types. The energy accumulator, which may be an energy accumulator, is the energy accumulator of the generator. With extra power supplied to the accumulator via an electrical unit that acts as It shows how this can be achieved while being continuously charged. Illustrated drive cycle The vehicle is operated during period A (the hot gas engine is stopped so that there are no exhaust gases). ing. ) in operating position 1, based on the energy from the electric accumulator This indicates that the motor is completely driven by an electric motor. In the following period C, The engine starts and generates more than or equal to the power needed to operate the vehicle. supply power. Excess power is stored as electrical energy in an electric accumulator. available. During the following period, full power is generated from the hot gas engine and the extra Power is stored in an accumulator. The drive cycle of the vehicle is a hot gas engine When more power is required than the maximum value available from the engine (throughout period D), An electrical unit acting as an engine adds extra shaft power. Finally, period B In between, the hot gas engine rests, drives the auxiliary equipment and optionally triggers the accumulator. It only supplies the power to charge the vehicle.

Figure 5 shows how the shaft torque of the energy conversion device is converted and how this invention is applied. The shaft power associated with this work together with an energy accumulator, in this case an electric battery. shows that it is completely continuous. In the first part B of the drive cycle , shows how a hot gas engine operates when at rest. start the vehicle When a relatively small amount of power is required for Supplied by Lee, the electric unit is simply the drive engine. High power required When the shaft power supplied by the hot gas engine is increased step by step, ( power color fiIC-D-C), at the same time the power is supplied with additional power from the electric drive engine. Adjusted using This driving method is used when the electric battery is relatively fully charged. Used when

At the end of the drive cycle, the hot gas engine is completely stopped and the rest of the cycle Part of this is accomplished by adding power from an electric drive engine. This is hot gas Shaft power position of a hot gas engine, where the engine is completely stopped and no exhaust gases are produced Corresponds to A. This type of vehicle operation is particularly suitable for driving in confined areas, e.g. garages. It is suitable for driving in crowded areas such as on the road. Vehicle operating position and hot gas engine The shaft power position of the engine is as follows.

Operation position 1 The hot gas engine is shut down.

Exhaust-free operation with hydraulic and electric engine operating position 2 The hot gas engine is activated.

Operates without shaft torque Operation position 3 The hot gas engine is activated. (idling, 50%, 100%) Excess or insufficient maximum output or shaft torque Special Table Sen4-504888 (5) Shaft power position of hot gas engine Period A: Hot gas engine stopped Period B: The hot gas engine is idling period C: The hot gas engine is in the idling period Supply approximately 50% of the Period D: The hot gas engine supplies full shaft torque, generally shown in Figures 4 and 5. The drive cycle is connected to the control system E above according to the amount of charge in the accumulator. May be combined. As is clear from these figures, the availability of the system in time The objects of the invention relating to are achieved.

Figure 6 shows an example of the use of the present invention for power generation in an auxiliary dynamic caster station. show. This embodiment comprises stepwise adjustable hot gas engine units 1 and 2, 3, and couplings KI and KII. One or both engine units A distribution gearbox FL is provided which is connected to the cut. Combined electric motor In the gas generator and electric generator M/G, the gas is supplied in stages from the hot gas engine unit. The supplied power is regulated similarly to the vehicle application described above. For example, According to the fixed drive technology, all the excess energy is transferred to the electric accumulator A. According to another drive technology, an electric accumulator provides additional power to the hot gas exhaust. Supplied to adjust the power supplied from the engine in stages. electric generator G is excited via the coupling K11l. High reactivity of energy conversion equipment and Its safe and quick start-up makes this system suitable for use in hospitals, e.g. The system is ideal for use as an application.

Figure 7 shows the hydraulic accumulators of the moving caster station and the auxiliary moving caster station. A modification example regarding the data is shown below. Even in this case, the responsiveness is high and the startup is safe and It's quick.

Thus, the stepwise and singly adjustable hot gas engine system is In other environments where such properties are of importance, in conjunction with means of energy storage, Needless to say, it can be used in the same way.

6 days international search report □1117) CT/SE 90100063 International Search Report PCT/SE　90100063

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. Consisting of at least one hot gas engine that is adjustable in stages over time A method of controlling the output from an energy conversion device that continuously adjusts it over time. Energy storage with possible accumulator and generator/engine units If the output from the hot gas engine is required from the energy conversion system, The energy storage device stores the excess energy obtained when the output exceeds the supplying power when the output from the hot gas engine is below the output condition; The storage or output of the energy storage device is the output from the energy conversion device. is also controlled such that it can be adjusted continuously over time. Law. 2. an engine with at least one hot gas engine that can be adjusted in steps over time; Energy converting devices comprising accumulators and generators that are continuously adjustable over time. Equipped with a generator/engine unit, the output from the hot gas engine changes energy. stores the excess energy obtained when the output exceeds the required output from the converter, An element that supplies energy when the output from the hot gas engine is below the aforementioned output condition. The output from the engine storage device and energy conversion device can be adjusted continuously over time. and a control device that adjusts the storage and output of the energy storage device so that An energy conversion device characterized by: 3. The input shaft for all hot gas engines and the For accumulators that receive power from the mulrator and supply power to the accumulator. a distribution gearbox having a shaft from the device and an output shaft from the device. The energy conversion device according to claim 2. 4. Claims characterized in that the accumulator is hydraulic or electric. The energy conversion device according to item 1.