JPH04504395A - Method and device for alleviating the acting force during strong deceleration - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] A method and device for alleviating the acting force during strong deceleration The invention relates to methods and devices for mitigating the forces exerted during collisions, particularly in the field of motor vehicle safety. A large or belted object that is belted into the vehicle by a belt. or at deformed parts of the vehicle, e.g. Concerning apparatus and methods. In particular, the invention provides a safety belt or a car belt to If a large person or object is thrown onto a hard object inside the vehicle, Also, damage caused by elastically stretched stop belts or stop belts that are too loose. Protects against scratches, pressure damage and deceleration (deceleration force) damage, so-called G-damage. This is a method and device that prevents people from tightening their safety belts too tightly and sitting down even further. This is caused by applying too much deceleration.

In the following, the present invention relates to safety bells installed in automobiles for drivers and passengers. Although described in relation to belt stops for vehicles, the present invention also applies to belt stops for other types of vehicles. for tightening objects or to relieve forces generated in automobiles, or for use on people, animals, or It goes without saying that this would be useful because of the disturbances that objects or objects would undergo under strong decelerations. not.

This invention is suitable for many car emergencies! ! ! For example, during a collision, the first strong tightening of the safety belt It is based on the insight that the damage will be compensated for, usually for safety reasons. The belt is used relatively loosely and has some elasticity, so tighten it with a safety belt. resulting in a compensation of the ever-present elasticity of the The tightening of the roll part of the roll belt (roll effect) and the tightening of the roll part of the belt during deceleration This is because it results in a subsequent compressive force being experienced by

The tightening of this safety belt is particularly important when the safety belt is placed at an appropriate position in front of or to the side of the driver and passengers in the vehicle. This is particularly important when combined with self-inflating safety cushions or balloons installed at It is essential. The present invention also provides that obstacles to persons or objects are It is based on Chiken, which says that it can be reduced by decreasing at times.

Without the above-mentioned initial tightening of the safety belt, the person who is restrained by the belt may be thrown forward. vehicle, instrument panel, windshield or other hard objects on the vehicle. be harmed. Similarly, as is well known, the belt is very tightly fastened. Not only do people experience strong decelerations, or very strong so-called G-forces during a collision, but also , moreover, this person could suffer serious physical injury simply due to the impact of the safety belt. subject to strong forces generated by the safety belt, sufficient to cause the

A number of different devices are known for tightening safety belts in connection with crashes.

Some of these known devices are mechanical in nature, others are pyrotechnical. It is a matter of nature. This latter device is advantageous because it is very fast. It operates and completes the required tightening of the safety belt within a few hundredths of a second. It is.

For example, Swedish published patent application no. 379.934 or German published patent application no. DE-A, 3,220.498 will be charged by pyrotechnical charge in case of emergency. Concerning a device designed to tighten safety belts. In these two cases, the purpose is By causing the safety belt to tighten without change, this tightening is ultimately divided into two types of tightening. This can be done in a subsequent step.

The constant tightening of this type of safety belt means that if the vehicle is suddenly decelerated, the belt causes a similarly strong deceleration in the stopped person, which in itself is a potential disorder. However, not only that, but also the tight tightening of the safety belt was stopped completely. cause other harm to persons.

After achieving a strong tightening of the safety belt in the initial stage, the invention preferably The subsequent loosening stage, which may be repeated several times, relieves the considerable force on the human body, and The body will be able to move forward a small distance, which will cause the safety belt to stop or slightly With the new tightening of the It is based on the discovery that it is possible to

This is achieved by means of a pyrotechnical tensioning device, i.e. an initial relatively large Locking the belt in this position by detonating a large amount of pyrotechnical charge Do not tighten the safety belt first, then several times, preferably many times in succession. Detonate a weak pyrotechnical charge and wear a safety belt between them. If the belt is loosened slightly, the person who is fastened with the belt may be slightly loosened, or the safety belt may The force of gravity causes the next explosion to move forward a small distance, causing the next The explosion stops this movement or provides a new slight retightening. child a series of short rapid and relatively weak so-called jerking detonations. Therefore, instead of one or two strong unilateral forces, the resulting G-forces are This significantly reduces the risk of injury to the belted person. let

Tightening and a subsequent series of relaxations can also be mechanically, hydraulically, pneumatically or Although the present invention may be achieved in other ways, for the sake of clarity the present invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings. together with a pyrotechnical or mechanical solution to this problem. I will clarify.

Mechanical devices may in some cases be subject to strong, momentary Consisting of a strongly pressurized compression spring that provides a (direct) spring bias, The pressure exerted by this spring is then applied to any known type of ratchet system. , the pressure exerted by said spring by a freewheel coupling, or similar device. A gradual relaxation of the force is made.

The invention will now be described in detail, with reference to the drawings.

In the drawings, FIG. 1 shows a pyrotactical load relief device according to the present invention. Figure 2 is 2 shows how the device according to the invention can be arranged for operation. Figure 3 is Two other tightening and loosening curves are shown, where curve A is the bike technical equipment Curve B, which is partially shown, is related to the special function of the vehicle at the time of the collision. Figure 3 shows the sequential relaxation of acting forces according to the invention. Figure 4 shows the connection to the three-point safety belt. 1 shows a device according to the invention, which has been installed. Figure 5 shows some details of the system according to Figure 4. and FIG. 6 shows the phase of functioning of the device according to the invention. Figure 7 shows the safety base. 8 shows the mechanical device of the invention before the loosening of the bolt and the subsequent tightening, FIG. The same machine is shown in

FIG. 9 is another embodiment of a mechanical tightening and loosening unit.

Figure 10 is a device similar to Figure 9, but it is suitable for alleviating the force acting on a certain part of the vehicle. It is something that FIG. 11 shows another embodiment of the mechanical device of the invention with a relaxation unit. show.

The pyrotechnical load-relief device or valve shown in FIG. It is designed as a piston-cylinder device with a cylinder body 1, inside which The piston 2 is adjacent to the pyrotechnical sequential charge 3 shown in Figure 1. The piston 2 moves from its normal lower position to an extended position away from said lower position. It is possible to move. At the upper end of the cylinder 1 shown in the figure is a cylinder head, that is, a so-called piston. A tongue catcher 4 is provided, which is preferably a separate part and which is connected to the cylinder. It is screwed to l. Sequential charge 3 is slightly on the side, preferably more numeric unit charge 5, which has the same or different charge potential e.g. It has an initial strong charge and then a number of weak charges. The sequential charge is The explosion is designed to be initiated by a schematically illustrated igniter 6, which is It is of well-known construction, both mechanical and electrical, on the one hand, and triggering devices, e.g. For example, it is connected to a mechanical or electronic deceleration sensor 7.

Said sequential charge 3 may be designed as a removable shell 8. , which is fixed to the bottom of the cylinder 1 with a nut 10 together with the bottom plate 9, for example. There is.

The length and shape of the cylinder 1 can vary depending on its function. S The heads of the cylinder head 4 and the piston 2 are dome-shaped. The bottom of piston 2 is a depression. The shape and dimensions of the upper part of the sequential charge 3 It's matching. In the illustrated embodiment, the cylinder head 4 has a small exhaust port 1 1, which releases air when the piston is pushed upwards in the cylinder. The cylinder is designed to be evacuated at several points near the bottom of the cylinder. Exhaust any excess gas that may be generated through the exhaust port 12 and charge the piston 2 for the first time. and all Charge 3 explosions by a large or small distance respectively. It is designed to help you. Exhaust port 11 and/or exhaust port 12 restricting the flow of gas from or to the exhaust port through the exhaust port; A simple-acting or type 2-acting spring-loaded valve (not shown) may be provided to enable .

A pulling lobe 13 is fixed to the underside of the piston 2 to perform the required safety operation. Designed. The purpose of the tension lobe 13 is to tighten the safety belt; Limiting the maximum push of the piston 2 from its bottom in the cylinder shown in Figure 1 Both of these things. The length of row 113 is the distance from the cylinder head to the piston. However, if the lobe is damaged for some reason, the cylinder head acts as a piston catcher 4 and prevents the piston from being pushed out of the cylinder. Stop at. The tension lobe 13 passes through the axial hole of the shell 8 and the central hole of the nut 10. exit through Alternatively or in combination with the pulling lobe 13, said piston A protruding biasing rod 14 may be provided on the upper side, as shown in FIG. directly energizes safety devices within the vehicle.

The unit charges 5 are designed in a known manner and are arranged in layers or spirals on top of each other. and between each other, but preferably within a very short time. Triggered at a slightly longer time, e.g. from a tenth to several tenths of time It is arranged like this. In the illustrated embodiment, the unit charges are ignited from top to bottom. However, other solutions are of course possible. A unit charge is, for example, in a piston. You can also place it in the hole and ignite it from the bottom upwards. The unit charge is Can be designed larger or smaller to achieve a certain desired behavior . That is, the first explosive charge has a large force, while the subsequent charges are weaker or sequential. It is also possible to design it to make it weaker. On the other hand, the force is appropriate for the unit charge. It can also be designed to increase or fluctuate according to what is programmed into it. Wear. Additionally, a small power brake is provided to stop the piston 2 between each explosion, or It is also possible to move back a small distance in the direction of the initial position between each explosion. like this Then piston 2 is cut back downwards to its original position step by step. , the improvement results are a reduction in deceleration and gradual load relaxation. pyro technical Almost all required operations can be achieved by appropriate design of Sexual Charge 3. It is possible to

FIG. 2 shows how the pyrotechnical valve shown in FIG. 1 actually operates. In this example In this case, the pulling lobe 13 is fixed at its free end to some device, which For example, it is assumed that the safety belt is to be tightened and loosened sequentially. ing. Similarly, Sequential Charge 3 can be arranged in order to create different explosive powers. In this example, it is assumed that it consists of a number of unit charges, denoted by a, b, and cSd. determined. In this figure, the acting force is shown along the vertical axis and time is shown along the horizontal axis. is displayed.

The first unit charge raJ delivers a relatively strong power a in a relatively short time, for example, at a low cost. Work to pre-tighten all belts. Piston 2 moves upwards without obstruction It can be moved, but this is because the air exhaust is exhausted through the exhaust port 11. It is. Once this explosion is complete, the immobilized body is slightly loosened. Explosive gases are exhausted through exhaust port 12.

The explosion rbJ is, in the illustrated embodiment, considerably smaller than the explosion raJ and therefore safer. The belt tightens only slightly, but then the fiery explosion rcJ releases a new slight tightening. Considerable relaxation is done before tightening etc. In this way, the safety belt is placed in the first position. It is possible to loosen the belt in stages until it returns to its original position; G-forces are reduced in time to reduce the maximum pressure that the safety belt exerts on the person (or object). decreases sequentially. In reality, the total time for all explosions is on the order of a few hundredths of a second. Although the results may be shorter, the most satisfying result is the "cutting" of gradual force. This can be achieved by ``grouping'' and load mitigation.

In FIG. 3, curve A is illustrated which represents another curve, but here the safety bell The primary tightening of the a2”..., but these do not require a safety net for a fairly short period of time. Tighten the bolts evenly. Next, the stepwise applied force “cutting” and pressure relaxation described above are performed. Peace begins. Curve B is, for example, a deformation of the vehicle, which will be explained in more detail in connection with FIG. Indicates the power relaxation of the region.

The pyrotechnical device or valve shown in Figure 1 is suitable for example for tightening safety belts. However, we present this as one of several possible areas. This device is designed for this purpose. It has a roll 15 on which the lobe from the piston is wound. But from now on the lobe will unwind when the piston is pushed upwards in the cylinder. It will be done. The roll 15 is mounted on a stationary shaft 16 with a second 0-ru 17 is attached. Lobe 18 is fixed to the 20th loop and the other end is fixed to the pull guide 19, and the safety belt 20 is formed into a loop shape. This will be discussed in more detail in connection with FIGS. 4-5. Lobes 13 and 18 are The lobe 18 is wound in opposite directions on the roll of the lobe 13. When unwound from that roll with the ignition of charge 3, it rewinds to roll ]7. taken. Lobe 18 pulls down guide 19 to form the safety belt into a loop. However, the belt is tightened around the belted person and the belt rolls at the same time. 28 is automatically locked.

In another embodiment of FIG. 1, the locking device connects to the roll system 15-17. Continuing on, this device has a No. 30-rule 21, which is also attached to the shaft 6. attached and via the lobe 23 by the freewheel locking device 22 24, on which the lobe 23 is wound. freewheel The locking device 22 causes the tension lobe 13 to move in the opposite direction with the piston 2. In other words, when the piston 2 moves downward and is newly wound around the roll 15, the row 1 23 is rewound from roll 24 onto roll 21. The advantage of this device is that the body is If the length is longer than the length equivalent to the unwinding length of the lobe 23 fixed to the roll 24, the forward It means that you can't move.

Figure 4 shows that the force associated with deceleration from the passenger's body is gradually relieved by a few small steps. 2 shows a device according to the invention connected to a three-point roll safety belt 20 in phase when vinegar.

The device can also be connected to various types of multi-point belts, but also to the same lobe. Using two or more devices according to the invention on the person making the arrest, e.g. You can also use one for the presto band position and one for the hip band area. Use one device for the presto and hip areas and two or more for the “center” device. It is also possible to connect the upper safety belts respectively. However, in Figure 4, it is easy to Only one device is shown connected to the prestoband location for visualization. Actually, on It is also easy to connect the described device to an already obtained safety belt. electrical contacts is suitably provided, which means that the pilot lock is not connected when the belt lock is not connected. prevents the chemical device from being ignited.

FIG. 4 shows that the belt 20 is separated from the belt roll 28 by three separate guides, two stationary guides. 25 and 26 and how they emerge from the tension guide 19 described above. According to Figure 5 If the tension guide is fixed, the belt normally passes freely through it, but the tension guide is not connected to the stationary guide 25. 26 and is slidably positioned.

It is easy to remove the tension guide from the holder 27 in which it is attached.

The holder 27 allows the tension guide to go at the same time as the charge 3 is ignited, but the tension The guide is pulled downward and the person's body 29 held by the belt is placed in the seat of the vehicle. fixed to the seat.

Figure 6 shows the pyrotechnical valve installed in reverse compared to that in Figure 1. Another embodiment of the invention is shown in which the valve uses the same tension guide by means of lobes 13. In this case, the piston 2 gradually returns to the initial position, that is, the impact force. Return to the position before the accident.

7 and 8 show a simple example of a mechanical device according to the invention, which includes a piston 3 1 has a cylinder 30 within which it is movable. Between cylinder 30 and piston 31 There is a ring-shaped space in which a strong spring 32 is attached.

The spring 32 is installed between the upper collar of the cylinder 30 and the lower collar of the piston 31. The spring 32 is configured to push the piston 31 downward into the cylinder 30. I am using it. In its normal position, the piston 31 is secured by the lock 33. is locked in the cylinder 30 with a spring 32 tensioned at the periphery. It is energized by a deceleration release device 34, which is of known type and is shown only schematically.

During periods of strong deceleration, this release device 34 releases the lock 33 from the piston 31; This causes the piston to be pushed into the cylinder 30 by the spring 32, and this , the lobe 13 pulls the tension guide 19 down from the holder 27 and removes the safety belt. The root sling is pulled down as shown in FIG.

Each such Gradual relaxation of force due to body deceleration through static maneuvers between relaxation stages Therefore, the lower part of the piston 31 has a downwardly expanding conical portion 36 and a flat bottom surface 3. A barb-shaped ratchet shaft 35 having 7 is formed. This ratchet The shaft has a locking shaft with rolls 39 at one (or several) ends. Acts in conjunction with system 38. a guide shaft having one or more predetermined spring forces; A spring 40 attached to the bolt 41 presses the locking arms 38 together. It acts on Normally, the locking arm 38 has a ratchet shaft as shown in FIG. remains locked in the relaxed position relative to the The body's gravity during deceleration By pulling the loop 13 in the opposite direction (see arrow), the ratchet shaft 35 is As it begins to move upward and into the cylinder 30, the locking device inside the cylinder (not shown) is released, thereby releasing the locking arm 38, as shown in FIG. The ratchet shaft 35 is pressed against the ratchet shaft 35 as shown by the solid line.

Now, the locking arm 38 having the roll 39 is connected to the ratchet shaft 35. is in strong pressure contact with the first conical portion of the ratchet shaft 35, and the ratchet shaft 35 is moved further upward. Along the conical section moving upwards when pulled due to the tension rope 13 The locking arm 38 with the rotating roll 39 is moved by the action of the spring 40. The safety belt is therefore slightly loosened, ie lengthened.

The roll 39 of the locking arm 38 goes around the edge of the ratchet shaft 3. 5, a brief pause occurs during which the safety belt locks The roll 39 of the arm 35 begins to rotate at the next conical part and the safety belt is slightly tightened again. It is slightly tightened in response to a slight re-relaxation until it is loosened or lengthened.

A short period of rotation of the locking arm 38 along the conical section 36 of the roll 39 Until then, free and almost unhindered forward movement is possible. The human body here experiences a short period of braking and therefore the loads generated during this collision. A small amount of force is released due to the total deceleration. Roll 39 goes around the edge and becomes flat Upon reaching the bottom part 37, the human body again rolls 3 of the locking arm 38. 9 has the possibility of moving forward slightly until it starts rotating along the next conical section 36. Ru.

The above-described force relaxation is repeated several times over a given travel time or a given travel distance. The safety belt should continue until the body is no longer locked by the safety belt. It is possible.

The ratchet shaft 35 manages the retensioning force of the spring 32 and the roll 39 After the spring 32 reaches a position where it contacts the flat bottom surface 37 of the cut shaft 35, The belt 20 is rotated by the transfer of 29 along the conical portion 36 which prevents looseness. acts like a freewheel ratchet that gradually loosens the tension of .

Instead of a ratchet shaft with joint locking arms, as shown in Figure 9 A power emitting device can be formed. In this embodiment, the device 0 and the lower end of the movable piston 31 is formed as a sealed piston part 42. It is. A rotatable valve arrangement 43 of known type is formed at the lower end of the cylinder 30. This allows the piston 31.42 to move inside the cylinder and also During the subsequent phase and the intermediate stop phase, the safety belt and the piston are connected via the rope 13 It is possible to pull the valves in sequence, but in this case, the valve device 43 One or more valve apertures (not shown) in the bottom of the cylinder 30 - momentarily closed. Release the moment.

The device may include a bar 14 running through the bottom of the cylinder 30. , this bar 14 is fixedly connected to the sealing piston portion 42 as shown in dotted lines in FIG. ing. The bar 14 serves as a protector for vehicle safety equipment, such as a child safety seat. arrangement for energizing the position or for instantaneous (immediate) release of the protective cushion. However, this cushion may be pre-inflated or automatically inflated. First, ensure that the person in this seat does not move from their relatively safe sitting position; Then, during a critical collision, with some minor loosening stages under a fully controlled format, sequentially absorbs the force or kinetic energy associated with deceleration to which the body is exposed or loaded. Remove.

That is, for example, the biasing bar 14 of the device shown in FIGS. 1 or 9 or the biasing bar 14 of FIGS. The ratchet shaft 35 is axially extractable with an inflatable protective cushion. Wheel bars with long adjustable wheels and strong wheel bars with protective cushions the wheel bar is then ejected towards the driver due to the deceleration of the invention. During the aforementioned deceleration, the initial position is gradually reduced by the action of the load removal device. It can be connected back to the original location.

In another embodiment shown in FIG. 10, the device mirrors the cross center line. It is plane symmetrical, and rotatable valves 43a, 43b and a protruding biasing bar 14 are installed at the bottom of the cylinder. a and 14b, each bar being fixed to a sealing piston portion 42a, 42b. connected. The pistons with sealed piston portions 42a, 42b are mutually It is pluggably introduced and extends via a common compression spring 32, which spring is not pressurized. and is locked by a catch (not shown) connected to the deceleration mitigation device. .

During a strong collision, the deceleration mitigation device releases one or both catches 33a, 33b. This causes spring 32 to bias each biasing bar 14a, 14b relative to the location of the device. This causes the force to be released in either direction as the deceleration occurs. The biasing bar is It can be discharged from the valves 43a, 43b virtually without resistance. For example, some parts of the vehicle In response to the force directed in the opposite direction to the bars 43a and 43b due to the deformation of the bar tends to be pushed into the cylinder 30, but free introduction is caused by rotatable valve 43a , 43b and is limited to short introduction distances to intermediate stationary rests. This is because the valve holes at the bottom of the cylinder are opened alternately as shown schematically in curve B in Figure 3. This is because it closes.

The valve opening in the cylinder opens and closes several times during a collision without the biasing bar becoming locked. Therefore, it is possible to obtain improvements in the effects of deceleration, such as timely shortening and gradual reduction of force. possible, and therefore the present invention also provides for used as a damping device arranged to produce deformation or similar phenomena. It is also suitable for

The apparatus of FIG. 11 is shown in FIG. 1 in combination with the ratchet bar system of FIGS. 7-8. 1 is a mechanical embodiment of the device.

In the device of Figure 11, the ratchet bar system is part of Figures 11b and 11d. As a ratkinit ring with a conical ratchet 45 as seen in the exploded view , and a number of balls 47 abutting said ring 4. 6, as shown in FIG.

Under normal conditions, the ball ring 46 is latinized as shown by the dotted line in FIG. It is locked and released by the tring 44, but is engaged after the safety belt is tensioned. This is a spring gear connected to the ball ring! (not shown) is the safety belt 20 Being released in response to a force from the opposite direction from the pulling lobe 13 (human body gravity) This releases the ball ring 46 and then the ring becomes a latinite ring. It will be pressed so that it comes into spring contact with 44.

Ratchet devices 44-47 thereby cause the safety belt to step in accordance with arrow 48. The ratchet wheel 44 has a circular male shape. Further tensioning of the safety belt due to the joint action between the bolt 45 and the ball 47 is prevented. be done.

This device is connected to a wire roll 50 fixed to a shaft 51 via a wire 49. It has a piston 30.

A belt roll 52 is mounted on the same shaft and a belt 53 is attached to said roll. 52. The belt is secured via the tension rope 13 It is connected to a tension guide 19 for the belt 20.

When the piston 31 is released by a deceleration relief device (not shown) as described above, , spring 32 pushes piston 31 within cylinder 30 to its bottom position. Therefore, the pi The stone 31 has a wire 49 unwound from a wire roll 50. at the same time The belt roll is rotated so that the belt is wound onto the roll 52 and secured. Tension all belts.

A release coupling 54 exists between the wire roll 50 and the belt roll 52. This is Fireroll 5Fig, 10 international search report 1.1Il1%II+e+tal　As+ica+iea　II. PCT/SE 90100236 International Search Report

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Particularly in motor vehicles, where parts of the vehicle are belted between e.g. deformation areas. to persons and/or objects that are secured to a belt stop or to a vehicle's safety belt. to reduce the force exerted on people and/or objects during strong deceleration. In the method of reducing the appears, it is tightened by a strong initial action, but in this tightening position The strap device, e.g. the safety belt, is not locked and the strap device, e.g. After 1 strong tightening, multiple successive small relaxation phases and respective relaxation phases during the 2nd movement. A slightly controlled maneuver with a resting phase between characterized by being relieved by A method to soften the acting force during strong deceleration. (Figure 2) 2. The first tightening is A series of additional trapping devices, such as car safety belts, can be by a first strong activation with a less strong tightening of the strapping device. The vehicle safety belt is then 2. The strong deceleration according to claim 1, wherein the strong deceleration is then loosened and retightened. How to soften the force of time. (Figure 3A) 3. The tightening of strapping devices, for example automobile safety belts, is the first strong unit Pyrotechnical sequential charges including a jersey and a series of relatively weak unit charges , and said unit charges continue sequentially with or without delay. The gradual relaxation and re-tensioning of automobile safety belts is designed to and the automobile safety belt is made by the last unit charge in a series of unit charges. that it is possible to return to its normal position after an explosion, i.e. the position before the strong explosion. A method for alleviating acting force during strong deceleration according to claim 1 or 2. 4. The initial strong tension of the strapping device (20) is caused by the biasing of the spring (32). and the subsequent gradual relaxation is a series of successive relaxation and pause phases. A ratchet device (35 -38; 43; 44-47) A method for alleviating the acting force during strong deceleration as described in Item 1. (Figure 7-11)5. people and / or to reduce the acting force on an object in the case of strong deceleration, e.g. collision, especially In the vehicle or with safety belts in the vehicle or in parts of the vehicle, e.g. deformation areas to reduce the force exerted on the strapped person and/or object; , this device is activated by the primary force activation device (3; 32) and moves in case of strong deceleration. a cylinder (1) having at least one piston (2) movable; The piston has a strapping device such as an automobile safety belt (20); A rope (13) and/or acting directly on the connection point of the vehicle deformation area, etc. A device such as a bar (14) is formed and the primary force biasing device (3; 32) is released. The preceding claim provides a primary strong tension or bias of the strapping device when An apparatus for carrying out the method according to any one of the above, the apparatus comprising a strapping device. The primary strap was applied after the position (20) was activated by the primary strong activation. Carry out a series of weak force relief for automobile safety belts or activated strapping devices, and a device (5; 35-4) for providing a resting phase between the respective weak force relaxation operations. 1; 42-43; 44-47) A device that implements the method for alleviating the force acting during strong deceleration as described in Section 1. 6. The primary tension of the automobile safety belt (20) and the relaxation of the automobile safety belt The bringing device is designed to be ignited by the ignition device (6, 7) and also Multiple charges are detonated one after the other until all sequential charges are expended. Pyrotechnical charge designed as a sequential charge containing 5 unit charges Charge (3), pyrotechnical sequential charge in a ring or spa It is formed as a body with unit charges arranged in a spiral manner, or A fixed or movable piston (via 10) at the bottom of the cylinder (1) 2) is formed as a replaceable shell (8) fixed in a hole in A tension rope (13) for tensioning the safety belt (20) is passed through the The unit charges are of various strengths and are arranged in order. They are arranged in different positional relationships in order to create a predetermined explosive force. Also, the first unit charge is relatively strong, but the subsequent unit charges are weak. or the strength of a unit charge decreases to a given prescribed value. and increases and/or decreases in a desired manner. equipment. 7. The strapping device, for example the tensioner of a car safety belt (20), The next strong biasing device is a spring that is released by strong deceleration; Perform a gradual relaxation and rest phase or weak re-tensioning of the vehicle safety belt following tensioning. The device is a ratchet device (3) which operates similar to a freewheel ratchet device. 5-38; 43; 44-47), which is the first part of the automobile safety belt (20). Next, tension is followed by a series of relaxation and rest or retension phases, which are automatic. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that significant retensioning of the motor vehicle safety belt is prevented. . (Figure 7-10) 8. The ratchet device has a ratchet shaft (35), which is connected to a piston ( 31) to form a conical ratchet (36-37) which In the normal position, it is arranged freely from the ratchet shaft (35), but this is a piston. After the lever is released and moved, tighten the ratchet (36) on the ratchet shaft (35). , 37), thereby causing the stage of the vehicle safety belt (20) to subsequent relaxation and a resting phase or an elastic re-tensioning phase between said relaxation phases. 8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that: (Figures 7, 8)9. Ratchet device is circular A ratchet that has a cone-shaped ratchet (45) and cooperates with the pawl ring (46) a ring (44), and the pawl ring is moved when the piston (31) is released. After that, it is pressed against the ratchet ring, which is also pressed against the stage of the automobile safety belt (20). stepwise subsequent relaxation resulting in a resting phase or an elastic retensioning phase between said relaxation phases; 6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that: 10. The cylinder (1) is stationary and fixed to the piston (2). The rope (13) or the rod (14) that is ) extended and connected to a safety or protective device to be energized, and also a safety bell. (20) The tensioning device consists of two stationary guides (20) through which the safety belt extends. 5, 26) and a pull guide (19) that is easily removable and movable in sequence. , to which the rope (13; 18) from the piston (2) is fixed. by sequentially forming a double bend in the safety belt during the explosion of charge (3). Obtain the tension of the safety belt, and the cylinder (1) has a head or piston catch. A cylinder (4) is formed which follows the cylinder and when the piston (2) moves A port (11) for exhausting air is provided in the cylinder (1), and a port (11) for exhausting air is provided in the cylinder (1). If possible, a unit chip is located between the jersey (3) and said cylinder head (4). 1- or according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the has several exhaust ports (12). Device. 11. The rope (13) from the piston (2; 30) A lowering safety bell in conjunction with a device acting as a locking device (21-24) Troop (20) is spooled with rope (23) fixed to roll (24) A claim characterized in that the invention prevents re-relaxation beyond the equivalent length. 5, 6 or 10.