JPH04503324A - Material collection equipment including offline filter cleaning - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Material collection equipment technology field including offline filter cleaning The present invention relates to a device for removing and collecting particulate and fibrous materials. This device is especially Although intended to be used as a removal device for sbestos, it is generally It can be widely applied to remove fibrous substances.

For convenience, reference will be made throughout this specification to asbestos and asbestos removal. . However, it must be understood that this reference is only an example. stomach.

In some applications, the materials being collected may be toxic or harmful to humans or the environment. As such, leakage of solid materials must be prevented. This is an example For example, this is the case with asbestos removal equipment.

Health potential of asbestos fibres, especially 'micro' or very short fibres. The above problems have been highly publicized, and this has led to the removal of asbestos from buildings and other sites. Significant effort has been expended to remove primary insulation. typical Generally, asbestos is removed by workers wearing appropriate protective clothing and breathing apparatus. After the material is removed from walls and ceilings, it is collected for disposal.

Therefore, the removed asbestos fibers should be treated to prevent the minute substances from leaking into the surrounding area. A device that can effectively collect it is needed.

Background technology A clear method of dealing with the collection of asbestos and asbestos fibers is practically This is done using a large vacuum cleaner equipped with a filter. This actually follows It has been tried in various forms since then. However, when the filter is very early They often get clogged and need to be cleaned frequently. past questions The problem is how to clean the filter efficiently and how to do it without stopping the operation. How do you clean the filter and how do you remove asbestos particles during the filter cleaning stage? This included how to prevent fiber leakage.

It is extremely undesirable to have to interrupt the run to clean the filter. This is not the case. Therefore, by means such as vibration or mechanical cleaning devices, or by injecting pulsed air in the opposite direction through a filter. Alternatively, there are conventional devices in which the filter is cleaned periodically. child Cleaning means such as This will greatly reduce cleaning efficiency and the debris pulled away from the filter will become a gas. The fact that the flow tends to quickly pull it back into the filter cannot be avoided.

In this way, the filter can be cleaned more efficiently without interrupting the operation of the device. There is a need for a device that can This need for asbestos removal This is particularly evident in applications where large amounts of solid material are generated. Why? Otherwise, the filter will clog very quickly and cannot be cleaned frequently. This is because it is necessary.

Due to the problem of filter clogging, prior art devices do not have sufficiently high suction power (all i.e. cannot be operated at low pressure (i.e. large pressure difference below atmospheric pressure) It is Noh. One reason this is not possible is that once the filter becomes clogged, This is because there is a large pressure difference across the filter. The other reason is the high absorption This is because it is difficult to seal this device to maintain gravity (low pressure). Ru. Asbestos must be removed from equipment without significantly affecting operating pressures. It is necessary.

The ability to operate with high suction power (low pressure) means that a longer suction hose can be used. It means to be able to do something. In addition, the equipment should be able to demonstrate excellent performance in terms of throughput. , thus clearly reducing overall operating and labor costs. means. Furthermore, when asbestos is removed from a building, the operating pressure is low. That asbestos can easily maintain the desired pressure differential inside and outside the building being removed. It can be so.

Description of the invention In view of the above-mentioned problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for removing solid materials from a gas stream. An object of the present invention is to provide an improved apparatus including improved filter cleaning.

The present invention therefore provides an apparatus for removing substances from a gas stream flowing through a conduit. child The device includes at least two filter units. These filter units The knit is installed parallel to the gas flow and accepts and filters that gas flow. Ru. A solid material outlet is provided at the bottom of each filter unit. Equipped with valve cut off flow from each filter unit for cleaning when desired It will be done as possible.

This device is equipped with a collection chamber, or "exclusion chamber," on the upstream side of the filter unit. It is preferable to This collection chamber has an inlet that accepts the gas flow and a collection chamber that collects solid materials. The bottom space where the gas is discharged and the filter unit where the gas flows out from the top space. It has an exit leading to.

In the present invention, the filter inside the filter unit is connected to the filter from the device. It can be cleaned without removing the router and without damaging the integrity of the device.

For cleaning, compressed air is injected from the clean side toward the filter to remove solid materials from the dirty side. This is done by blowing away. In a preferred embodiment including an exclusion chamber, the filter The cleaned particulate and/or fibrous material is recycled to the removal chamber and exhausted to the atmosphere. It is prevented from being released.

For example, in a preferred embodiment for collecting granular and fibrous asbestos, each filter The outlet located at the bottom of the storage unit and the collection and exhaust located at the bottom of the collection chamber. The air outlet is sealed from the surrounding environment to prevent leakage of solid materials removed by filtration do. The solid substances removed by these filtrations are It is discharged into the bag via at least one sealed bagging unit.

In such embodiments, a third chamber may be provided at the solid material outlet of each filter unit. These outlets are connected back to the collection chamber through return conduits. is preferred. The fourth valve leading from the filter unit controls the pressure in the collection chamber - e.g. e.g. connected to a gas supply at a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure, thereby causing the first and first 2 valves (located upstream and downstream of the filter unit, respectively) By closing and opening the third and fourth valves, the solid material passes into the collection chamber. You can do it like this.

The solid material collection and evacuation assembly located at the bottom of the collection chamber is connected to the evacuation tunnel and a solid material made of solid material that reciprocates within this discharge tunnel and runs along the discharge tunnel. It is preferable to include a screw for pushing out the plug-like body. This exclusion The exit space seal prevents solid material in the discharge tunnel from clogging inside the throat. This is done using a plug-shaped body made of. This discharge tunnel leaks solid material into the surrounding area. Preferably, it is guided directly to an automatic bagging device that packs bags without letting them out.

Further features of the invention will be explained and made obvious by reading the following detailed description. There will be.

The preferred embodiment will be described in detail with reference to .

In the attached drawings, FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the device; Fig. 2 is a plan view of the trailer that accommodates the device, and Fig. 3 is a line A--A in Fig. 2. 4 is an elevation view taken along line B-B in FIG. 2, and FIG. 5 is an elevation view taken along line B-B in FIG. 2 is an elevational view taken along the line C-C in FIG. 2; FIG. 6 is an elevational view taken along the line D-D in FIG. 2; FIG. 7 is an elevational view taken along line E-E in FIG. 2, and FIG. 8 is an elevational view taken along line F-F in FIG. Figure 9 is a perspective view of one of the filters; Figure 10 is a perspective view of one of the filters; - Drawing of the horizontal plate of each filter unit at the top, Figure 11 shows other elevational views of the collection chamber or "rejection chamber", Figures 12A and 12. Figure B shows the discharge tunnel showing the piston in the extended and retracted positions, respectively. cross section, and Figures 13A, 13B and 13C are top views of the discharge tunnel, respectively; Side and end views.

Optimal mode for carrying out the invention The gas flow is, for example, one flow. This gas stream contains asbestos and other debris. Pass the hose 1 through the building where asbestos is to be removed, such as a collection room. In other words, it is inhaled into the "exclusion chamber" 2. Baffle 3 removes incoming air and directs it downward in the chamber. turn to The device is operated by a large chamber blower at negative pressure, i.e. under suction action. be transferred. This blower acts to draw air through the device. exclusion room , most of the solid material falls to the bottom. vertically mounted screen Liu 6 forces those solid materials to the bottom of the chamber.

To prevent collected substances from leaking into the surrounding area, such as when collecting asbestos. In embodiments where a sealing device is required, the bottom of the exclusion chamber is connected to the horizontal discharge tunnel 8. It is then opened. This tunnel is cylindrical in the preferred embodiment. fluid pressure The actuating piston 10 (see Figures 12A and 12B) is driven reciprocally within the tunnel. an automatic bagging device that compresses a plug of solid material and passes it through the tunnel. 12 (schematically shown in FIG. 4). very below As detailed in to prevent blowback and maintain negative pressure in the exclusion chamber. Sea urchin.

Air exits the displacement chamber 2 from the top through the displacement chamber outlet 14. Most solid substances are excluded Although removed in the chamber, this air stream still has a high content of solid materials. these The solid substances contained must be filtered from the air. This filtration is a filter Deceived by unit 16.

Following this, a backup HEPA filter 22-nit 18 is provided. is preferred. This air from the exclusion chamber passes through one of the filter units 16. Passed. The purified air is passed through a backup filter 18 before being released to the atmosphere. will be passed through. One of the filter units of the backup filter is malfunctioning. The main purpose is to avoid the sudden release of pollutants.

Each filter unit 16 includes three cylindrical cartridge-type filters 2. 0, these filters are approximately 66.0 Jan (26 inches) tall and 3 0.48 an (12 inches) in diameter and stacked horizontally within the filter housing 21. Can be stacked. Each filter 20 shown in FIG. 9 is a Boretex (trademark) filter. and W. El Boar Anne, Elkton, Maryland, USA. Provided by De Associates, Inc. Each fi The router has a series of pleated screens 22 which allow air to Remove solid material from The outside of each filter is the "dirty side" and the center side is the "dirty side". It is on the "clean side". The filter has an elongated bottom 28 and an open top. this The aperture top is provided with a resilient sealing ring 29 around the upper annular portion. filter - Inside the unit near the top, there is a horizontal plate 24 as shown in Figure 10. It is provided with three circular openings 25. These openings are approximately 22. It has a diameter of 86 an and corresponds to the aperture top of the filter. The filter is 30 and presses the seal ring against the horizontal plate. be made to press.

For each filter unit, the filter population 32 leading from the exclusion chamber is located on the side of the outer housing 21. The filter outlet 34 is a filter unit. from the center of the top of the cut housing, i.e. from the clean side of the screen 22. It is done like this. The only path from inlet to outlet is therefore the filter pulley. Passage passes through the double screen, through openings 25 in the horizontal plate, and exits from the exit. It is a road.

As mentioned above, the problem has always been how to clean the filter. there were. In the present invention, this problem can be solved by using at least two filter units. 16 to ensure that at least one filter unit is on at any time. line condition and one or more of the other units are taken off-line for cleaning. It was resolved by making it in. In the simplest case, two This case will be explained below.

While one filter unit 16 is operating, the other filter unit is This is called a cleaning or purge cycle. One filter unit is the purge site. During the cycle, air valves 38 and 40 are closed to shut off the filter unit. Ru. Disposed near the top of each filter unit in a space above the horizontal plate 24. Three air jets 42 located in the manifold are connected to a compressor 46. Receives supply from Rudo44. These air jets flow from the top of each filter. It is located several tens of centimeters (several inches) above and directs the jet downward. It is designed so that These jets do not have special nozzles. Instead, it simply consists of an open vibrator, typically at about 20 degrees, i.e. perpendicular. from the inside of the filter outward, forming a cone of about 10 degrees on each side. do.

The solid material blown away from the filter by the air jet will It falls to the bottom of Ging 21.

In the simplest construction, this material is then simply deposited from a container or onto a conveyor. Being exposed. or otherwise disposed of. In sealed embodiments, the packaging The configuration is a little more complicated than this. The stirrer 50 is solid at the bottom of the filter housing. It keeps body substances in suspension and prevents them from solidifying and compressing. stirrer is driven by a motor connected to the stirring shaft by a chain. air - After the jet has finished cleaning the screen, the air return valve 55 opens to the atmosphere. valve 56 is opened only for a short time, thereby opening the filter unit. The solid material at the bottom is passed through the return vibe 5 which leads to the empty position 59 of the main filter unit. 8 and returned to the exclusion chamber 2. Valves 55 and 56 are then closed. Ru.

The outlet of valve 56 is protected by a HEPA filter to prevent sudden release of contaminants. It is now possible to avoid exposure. The filter unit is required in this way. You will be prepared when the time comes. When the other filter unit is cleaned At the same time, valves 38 and 40 are reopened to bring the filter online. and the corresponding valve is closed to clean the other filter unit. Can be blocked.

Automatic or semi-automatic controllers are used to switch between filters. is preferred. Pressure gauges detect pressure effects across the filter unit. used for. If a pressure difference that is too high is detected, the filter will become clogged. The filter is taken offline and cleaned, and the other filter is The filter remains online. For example, this device has a water column of 284.5a At a working pressure of 112 inches, the desired minimum suction force is 10 2 inches). A pressure sensor detects the pressure on each side of the filter. pressure drop across the filter increases to 25.4 an (10 inches). when the suction pressure increases to 284.5an (10 inches). i.e. when the suction pressure is from 284.5ao (112 inches) to 259.1 cm (102 inches), switch to the other filter. It can be used to become

With this device that can filter and clean the filter, frequent cleaning of the filter is possible. allows the filter to operate at maximum efficiency and lowest pressure drop. It is done like this. This means better overall performance and, as already discussed, This means obtaining a low operating pressure (high suction power) which has advantages. clogged filter This not only reduces the suction power, but also reduces the filtration caused by the large pressure difference. This means that there is a possibility of damage to the motor. Frequent cleaning will avoid these problems. , and that asbestos particles and other solid materials generally remain in the fibril over long periods of time. This means that these items do not remain in the router or equipment. When substances coalesce into a cake or cause undesirable mechanical or chemical changes. It means not having time.

The solid material deposited in the discharge tunnel 8 below the rejection chamber 2 will be removed over a reasonable period of time. 90-120an (3-4 feet) long and approximately 30cm (1 foot) long. Automatic bagging device 12, preferably shown schematically as a cylindrical slug in diameter is discharged.

The fluid pressure actuated piston 10 has a hardened steel crown (chrome). is connected to the hydraulically actuated piston assembly via a connecting rod 13. and , running in a phosphor bronze liner 11 with a scraper 15. Proximity switch 17 is used to detect the piston position for control purposes. this piston forces the plug of solid material into the discharge tunnel 8. This exhaust tunnel shrinks inside. A diameter collar 19 is arranged and forms a short section of small diameter. discharge tunnel Next, it widens from the reduced diameter part and becomes a somewhat larger diameter at the flanged adapter 23 position. being done. The cross section of this adapter also changes from circular to rectangular. This way The combined effect of the throat diameter and shape changes, especially the reduced diameter collar 19, The seal in the discharge space is designed to prevent solid objects from clogging at the rear of this throat. It is carried out by a plug-like body.

Once the piston is retracted, the negative pressure in the exclusion chamber cannot pull the plug back. stomach. The plug-like body becomes clogged within the throat, blocking the passage and causing pressure loss. I won't let you. After passing through the throat section, a portion 62 having a rectangular cross section is located. The exhaust tunnel is tapered slightly outwardly. This little The taper is excessive when the material in the tunnel moves towards the automatic bagging device I2. Prevents it from becoming compressed and actually clogged. This bagging equipment is shown schematically. automatic bagging, preferably double bagging, of the material. For manual operation Bagging or other methods of disposal are optional but should be done to maximize equipment performance. It cannot be said that it is used effectively.

Exhaust tunnels and seals improve the efficiency of removing asbestos and other materials from the exclusion chamber. With the above-mentioned advantages, low operating pressure It forms a very effective seal during operation to maintain (high suction power). Ru.

In some cases, a bonding agent may be injected into the tunnel depending on the density of the asbestos. It is desirable to ensure good compressibility.

Any other suitable means of removing material from the bottom of the exclusion chamber under sealed conditions may be used. It must be recognized that it can be used. The means described above are the preferred ways to do this. It's just a way. For example, other embodiments may include rotating valves (same concept as revolving door). ) can be considered.

Referring to FIG. 2, all of the equipment shown in FIG. 1 and described above is installed on a trailer. It is housed in 70. This trailer can be moved to the site where solid materials are removed. . This trailer is divided into several sections. In other words, the engine room 72, processing room 74, airlock/shower/changing room 76, control block The area is divided into 78 spaces. The treatment room 74 is equipped with a PVC filter during operation. Approximately 2.54 mm by a negative pressure fan unit (not shown) protected by -Preferably a negative pressure of 7.62 mm. Therefore, spilled during the bagging operation All materials do not result in the release of asbestos fibers into the environment.

An internal vacuum cleaning line (not shown) is provided to the exclusion chamber as a low pressure source. Because they are connected, for example, if there is a slight spill when replacing the filter, , workers should immediately clean up any small spills in the processing room. Can be done.

Since this device can be operated continuously even while the filter is being replaced, contaminants can be removed even after the filter is replaced. There is no risk of releasing.

The engine room is equipped with a diesel generator 80, equipment and its control. Power is provided to the equipment, main blower 82 and air compressor and tank 84.

The exit line led from the backup filter 18 is connected to the backup filter in the processing room. From the air filter, through the wall into the engine room, through the blower, and into the engine room to silence the sound. through the exhaust pipe 92, through the exhaust duct 94, and through the exhaust 93. Sea urchin. Other components in the engine compartment include a three-way switch 98.100 amps Fuse panel 102 of circuit breaker I00.110/220V, IIO /220V transformer 104, generator electrical panel 106, acoustic louver an air outlet 108 with a diesel fuel tank 110 and an acoustic louver. An air vent 112 and an electrical panel 114 are included.

The processing room includes an exclusion chamber 2 and a filter unit 16, and a working fluid pump 8. It accommodates 8. The working fluid pump drives the piston IO to pump the bottom of the displacement chamber. A plug of solid material is compressed and discharged. The working fluid pump has a temperature gauge and Fluid is used from a working oil sump 116 with a level gauge. Operating oil solenoid A lenoid valve block 118 is attached to the frame member.

FIG. 3 shows two filters with outlet 34 leading to backup filter 18. unit 16 and a filter unit 32 connected to the exclusion chamber outlet 14 It shows. Pneumatically operated valves 38 and 40 thus operate the filter unit. Provided at the entrance and exit.

At the bottom of the filter unit there is an agitator 50 and a dust removal line or return. A vibrator 58 is provided.

FIG. 4 shows a displacement chamber 2 with an inlet 1 to which a suction hose is connected. Sucking The input hose is of undefined length, and any suitable number of sections are connected to each other and installed in the field. is made to obtain the required hose length to suit the specific job. exclusion room Outlet 14 leads to a filter unit 16 . An inspection door 27 is provided. ing. The actuating fluid pump 88 drives the piston 10 in the discharge tunnel 8 to so as to force the plug of body material into the schematically illustrated automatic bagging unit 12. Eggplant.

It includes various safety measures. For example, if the filter blows , the absence of pressure drop across the filter is immediately detected and the filter unit Isolate the unit and allow it to be replaced.

It is recognized that the foregoing description relates to preferred embodiments by way of example only. It will be. Various modifications to this invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Let's become. Such obvious changes should be noted here, whether explained or not. It is within the scope of the invention as described and claimed.

For example, the backup filter 18 is placed in the center for safety, but the main It does not have to be vertical in quality.

In embodiments where it is not essential to prevent substances from escaping into the environment, the filter The effluent from the tank does not need to be sent back to the vacuum tank. In fact, emissions are waste containers, conveyors, bagging equipment or similar equipment. .

In other similar embodiments, there is no exclusion chamber 2, in which case the devices are arranged in parallel. It simply includes an inlet l leading to two filter units 16. . Each filter has an outlet. The outlet is arranged to send back into the same duct It doesn't have to be done either. The exclusion chamber is used only when the gas stream contains large amounts of solid material. Generally advantageous. Because most of those solid substances are filtered by it. As mentioned above, the present invention is particularly suitable for asbestos. It is intended for use as a strike removal device. However, particles and fibers are generally It can be widely applied to remove fibrous substances.

FIG, 1° FIG, 3゜ FIG, 4° FIG, 5° FIG, 6° FIG, 7° FIG, E! .

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Claims (14)

[Claims] 1. Substances contained in the gas stream flowing through the conduit (1) are transferred to the filter unit (16). Accordingly, there is provided a device for removing at least two pre-filter units; each filter unit includes at least one filter (20); The filter unit is parallel to receive and filter the gas flow from the conduit. being connected and Located upstream of each filter unit where it is desired to clean the filter. a valve (38) that shuts off flow through the filter unit when the The flow through the router unit is controlled by the upstream valve. Clean the internal filter to remove solid materials from the filter when shut off and this allows solid material to fall to the bottom of the filter unit. means and an outlet (55) for removing solid material from the bottom of each filter unit; A removal device comprising: 2. 2. The device according to claim 1, comprising a filter unit and an upstream side thereof. a displacement chamber (2) connected to the gas flow upstream of the valve of the displacement chamber (2); ) has an inlet (1) for receiving the gas flow and an inlet located at the bottom for collecting and discharging solid materials. space (8) for the gas flow led from the upper space to the filter unit. A removal device characterized in that it comprises an outlet (14). 3. 3. Apparatus as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the outlet and outlet at the bottom of each filter unit The collection and evacuation space at the bottom of the removal chamber is sealed and filtered from the surrounding environment. It is designed to prevent the solid substances obtained from escaping, and the filtered substances are the discharged solid material into a sealable space; removal device. 4. 4. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein for each filter unit: Operated in conjunction with an upstream valve to completely isolate the filter unit from the conduit. a downstream valve (40) for separating the a third valve (55) located at the solid material outlet of each filter unit; A fourth valve connects the filter unit to a gas supply at a higher pressure than the exclusion chamber. connection between the valve (56), the solid material outlet and the exclusion chamber through a third valve; a duct (58); The solid material collected near the outlet of the solid material is transferred to the upstream side. and the downstream valve is closed to isolate the filter unit, and then the third and to the exclusion chamber by opening the fourth valve. Removal device with special features. 5. 5. The device according to claim 4, wherein the pressure in the exclusion chamber is equal to atmospheric pressure in the region of the device. and the gas supply source to which the fourth valve is connected is below the atmospheric pressure of the device. A removal device characterized by: 6. 3. Apparatus as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the removal of solid material at the bottom of the removal chamber and An evacuation assembly includes an evacuation port for receiving solid material through an opening in the bottom of the evacuation chamber. tunnel (8) and the plug-shaped body made of solid material by moving back and forth within the discharge tunnel. A piston (10) that pushes the opening along the discharge tunnel and a seal in the discharge space. the removal is carried out by a plug of solid material in the discharge tunnel; the pressure in the chamber is lower than the atmospheric pressure surrounding the device; removal device. 7. 7. The device according to claim 6, wherein the space of the discharge tunnel (8) is a piston. The diameter of the space is reduced in the downstream tunnel, and this reduced space is located at the throat section. In addition, the seal in the discharge space becomes clogged toward the rear at the throat. A removal device characterized in that the removal is carried out by a plug-like body of a solid substance. 8. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the filter (20) is a cylindrical cover. The cartridge filter is mounted vertically within the filter housing; The filter cleaning means directs compressed air to the filter from the clean side of the filter. Contains an arjet that operates to blow away solid matter from the dirty side of the filter. A removal device characterized in that the removal device is configured to 9. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the pressure across each filter unit is pressure sensing means for detecting the difference; and a first and automatically closes the second valve (38, 40) to isolate the filter unit. and filter cleaning procedures when the filter unit is isolated in this way. control means for reactivating the stage, the control means being Ensure that one filter unit is always online to the gas flow A removal device characterized in that it includes means for. 10. A blower (4) for generating suction and a suction for collecting solid substances. an apparatus for removing particulate and/or fibrous solid matter, comprising: , placed between the blower and the suction hose to receive solid material from the suction hose an upper outlet (14) towards the blower and for solid materials; an exclusion chamber with a sealed stock outlet (8) and between the exclusion chamber and the blower. at least two filter units (16) mounted in parallel, Each one is equipped with at least one filter (20), the filter being in an exclusion chamber It has a dirty side that communicates with the upper outlet and a clean side that leads to the blower. filter unit and Located on each side of each filter unit, each flange is placed on each side for cleaning when desired. Isolation valves (38, 40) allowing the filter unit to be shut off and each filter A return conductor extends from each filter unit connecting the dirty side of the router to the rejection chamber. pipe (58), a return valve (55) to open and close this return conduit, and a filter conduit. Secondary air source to supply air to each filter unit on the side and a secondary air valve (56). to ensure that each filter unit closes the isolation valve and It is specially made to be able to be cleaned by opening the valve and return valve. Removal device with special features. 11. 11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the filter unit comprises at least Contains one cylindrical cartridge-type screen filter (20); A removing device characterized in that the outside of the router is a dirty side and the inside is a clean side. 12. 12. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the apparatus is assembled to each filter unit. vibration that vibrates the filter screen to help blow away solid materials. A removal device further comprising a device. 13. 11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the bottom outlet for solid material is located in a waste assembly. The disposal assembly has a tunnel (8) and an opening opening to the tunnel (8). The plug of solid material is moved back and forth within the tunnel to push the plug-like body of solid material out of the opening space and along the tunnel. a piston (10), and the seal at the bottom outlet is sealed by a plug in this tunnel. A removal device characterized in that it is carried out by: 14. 14. The device according to claim 13, wherein the tunnel (8) is a piston. It has a reduced diameter part on the downstream side, and this reduced diameter part forms the throat part. The seal at the mouth is a plug-like solid material that clogs backwards at this throat. A removal device characterized in that it is carried out by the body.