JPH0448856B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0448856B2 JPH0448856B2 JP61171169A JP17116986A JPH0448856B2 JP H0448856 B2 JPH0448856 B2 JP H0448856B2 JP 61171169 A JP61171169 A JP 61171169A JP 17116986 A JP17116986 A JP 17116986A JP H0448856 B2 JPH0448856 B2 JP H0448856B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- alloy
- less
- present
- die casting
- elongation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000624 NiAl3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910002058 ternary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910018505 Ni—Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018134 Al-Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018125 Al-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021364 Al-Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018467 Al—Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018520 Al—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018566 Al—Si—Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000943 NiAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Raney nickel Chemical compound [Al].[Ni] NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018594 Si-Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 Si: 1.0wt% Below Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910008465 Si—Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010039 TiAl3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000879 optical micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Description
＜技術分野＞
本発明はアルミニウム合金に関し、特に靭性の
高いダイカスト用アルミニウム合金に関する。
＜従来技術＞
ダイカスト法によるアルミニウム合金鋳物は、
鋳放しのままで寸法精度がよく、しかも滑らかで
美しい鋳肌を持ち、かつ短時間に大量生産できる
ため日用品、機械部品等に広く使用される。
従来ダイカスト用合金としてAl−Si系（JIS規
格ADC1）、Al−Si−Cu系（ADC10、ADC12）、
Al−Si−Mg系（ADC3）、Al−Mg系（ADC5）
の合金があるが、ダイカスト用アルミニウム合金
としてSiを7.5〜13wt％含む合金が一般に広く用
いられている。
これらは、AlにSiを添加することにより、流
動性の向上、凝固収縮の減少、熱膨張係数の減少
および耐摩耗性の向上などの利点がある。
しかしAlにSiを合金化させると、伸びや衝撃
値（靭性）を著しく低下させる欠点がある。これ
はAl−Si合金から針状の初晶Siが晶出されるた
め鋳物がもろくなることによる。
＜発明の目的＞
本発明の目的は、ダイカスト用アルミニウム合
金の伸びや衝撃値（靭性）を向上させ、靭性の高
いダイカスト用アルミニウム合金を提供せんとす
るものである。
＜発明の構成＞
本発明者は、従来のダイカスト用アルミニウム
合金と同程度以上の強度および硬度を有し、かつ
伸びおよび靭性（衝撃値）の大きいダイカスト用
アルミニウム合金を開発するべく研究を行なつた
結果、Al−Ni−Mgの３元系合金およびこの３元
系合金にTiを加えると強靭性ダイカスト用アル
ミニウム合金が得られることを知見し、本発明に
至つた。
本発明の第１の発明は、Ni4wt％〜7wt％と
Mg3wt％〜7wt％とを含有し、不純物としては
Si1.0wt％以下、Cu1.0wt％以下、Fe0.5wt％以下
およびMn0.1wt％以下を含み、残部Alよりなる
ことを特徴とする強靭性ダイカスト用アルミニウ
ム合金を提供する。
本発明の第２の発明は、Ni4wt％〜7wt％と
Mg3wt％〜7wt％とTi0.2wt％以下とを含有し、
不純物としてはSi1.0wt％以下、Cu1.0wt％以下、
Fe0.5wt％以下およびMn0.1wt％以下を含み、残
部Alよりなることを特徴とする強靭性ダイカス
ト用アルミニウム合金を提供する。
以下に本発明を詳細に説明する。
(1) Ni
本発明は、従来不純物として少量含有されて
いたNiの含有量を４〜7wt％とすることに特徴
があり、NiはAlに添加されることにより
NiAl3の金属間化合物として晶出させる。Niは
5.7wt％で共晶のNiAl3として非常に微細に分
散するが、5.7％を大きく超えてNiを加えると
塊状あるいは板状のNiAl3が初晶として晶出
し、靭性を低下させるため含有範囲は、7wt％
以下とする。4wt％未満であると機械的性質が
十分でなくなる。
(2) Mg
MgはAl中に良く固溶し、Alマトリツクスを
固溶強化させる。合金中の含有量は３〜7wt％
とする。MgはAlマトリツクス中に固溶させる
と強度があがるが、3wt％未満では効果が小さ
い。また、7wt％を超えると急激に伸びを低下
させる。
(3) Ti
Tiは、本発明の第１の発明では添加しては
いないが、第２の発明のアルミニウム合金は第
１の発明にさらにTiを含有する。Tiの0.2％以
下の添加は鋳造性の改善、結晶粒微細化の効果
があり、0.2wt％超になると、TiAl3金属間化
合物を晶出し、靭性および延性（伸び）を低下
させる。
(4) Si、Cu、Fe、Mn、その他
Si、Cu、Fe、Mn等の一般のアルミニウム合
金中に含有される不純物については、通常の合
金中に許容される範囲、すなわちSi：1.0wt％
以下、Cu：1.0wt％以下、Fe：0.5wt％以下、
であれば存在していてもよい。Mnについて
は、第２図に示す比較実験結果からMnの量
が、０から0.5wt％に増加すると、破断伸びが
低下することがわかるので、Mnについては、
不純物含有量検出限界の0.1wt％以下とする。
また、Si、Cu、Fe、Mn以外の不可避的不純物
については、本発明の組成範囲を変えないかぎ
り含まれていてもよい。
従つて、本発明のダイカスト用アルミニウム
合金のマトリツクスとしてのAl地金は純度
99.5wt％以上のアルミニウム地金を用いること
が好ましい。
＜実施例＞
以下に実施例および比較例により更に具体的に
説明する。
第１表に示す組成の合金溶湯を90トンダイカス
トマシンを用いて、鋳込温度710〜730℃、金型温
度110〜150℃、射出速度1.3〜1.5ｍ／ｓ、鋳造圧
力760Kgｆ／cm2、チルタイム５秒の条件で試験片
を鋳造し試料１〜15とした。
ただし、第１表においてtraceとは検出限界を
示し、Mnについては0.1wt％以下である。
別にJIS規格によるADC10合金および特公昭59
−43539号公報に示したホイール用アルミニウム
ダイカスト合金を用いて上記と同様の方法で試験
片を作製し参考例とした。
以上の試料１〜15および参考例を用いて以下の
実験を行つて結果を第２表に示した。
(1) 凝固組織の観察
第１図に試料No.10（本発明例）の凝固組織の
光学顕微鏡写真（×1000）を示す。
組織は微細に分散したNiAl3相とMgを固溶
したAlマトリツクスから構成される。また、
一部にAlとMgの金属間化合物が晶出してい
る。
(2) 引張り試験
ASTM規格引張試験片形状の試料１〜15お
よび同様の参考例を用い、鋳放しの状態で引つ
張り試験を行つた。
(3) 硬度
6.35mm×6.35mm×10mmｔの試料１〜15および
同様の参考例を用い、鋳放しの状態のビツカー
ス硬度（Hv）を測定した。荷重は200ｇであ
る。
(4) 衝激試験
試料１〜15および参考例を断面が6.35×6.35
mmの試験片とし、鋳放しの状態で、シヤルピー
衝撃試験を行つた。
不純物元素含量の比較実験結果
本発明範囲の試料を用い、Mnの量を０〜
1.0wt％にかえたアルミニウム合金を、本発明と
同様の条件で鋳造し、不純物元素としてのMnの
合金の機械的性質（引張強さおよび破断伸び）に
及ぼす影響を測定した。結果を第２図に示す。第
２図において、黒丸は引張強さを示し、白丸は破
断伸びを示す。
<Technical Field> The present invention relates to an aluminum alloy, and particularly to an aluminum alloy for die casting with high toughness. <Prior art> Aluminum alloy castings made by die-casting method are
It is widely used for daily necessities, machine parts, etc. because it has good dimensional accuracy as cast, has a smooth and beautiful casting surface, and can be mass-produced in a short time. Conventional alloys for die casting include Al-Si type (JIS standard ADC 1 ), Al-Si-Cu type (ADC 10 , ADC 12 ),
Al-Si-Mg system (ADC 3 ), Al-Mg system (ADC 5 )
However, alloys containing 7.5 to 13 wt% Si are generally widely used as aluminum alloys for die casting. By adding Si to Al, these have advantages such as improved fluidity, reduced solidification shrinkage, reduced coefficient of thermal expansion, and improved wear resistance. However, alloying Al with Si has the drawback of significantly reducing elongation and impact value (toughness). This is because needle-shaped primary Si crystals are crystallized from the Al-Si alloy, making the casting brittle. <Objective of the Invention> An object of the present invention is to improve the elongation and impact value (toughness) of an aluminum alloy for die casting, and to provide an aluminum alloy for die casting with high toughness. <Structure of the Invention> The present inventor has conducted research to develop an aluminum alloy for die casting that has strength and hardness comparable to or higher than conventional aluminum alloys for die casting, and has high elongation and toughness (impact value). As a result, it was discovered that a ternary alloy of Al-Ni-Mg and a strong aluminum alloy for die casting can be obtained by adding Ti to this ternary alloy, leading to the present invention. The first invention of the present invention is that Ni4wt% to 7wt%
Contains Mg3wt% to 7wt%, and impurities include
Provided is a tough aluminum alloy for die casting, which contains Si of 1.0 wt% or less, Cu of 1.0 wt% or less, Fe of 0.5 wt% or less, and Mn of 0.1 wt% or less, with the balance being Al. The second invention of the present invention has Ni4wt% to 7wt%.
Contains Mg3wt% to 7wt% and Ti0.2wt% or less,
Impurities include Si1.0wt% or less, Cu1.0wt% or less,
Provided is a tough aluminum alloy for die casting, which contains 0.5wt% or less of Fe, 0.1wt% or less of Mn, and the balance consists of Al. The present invention will be explained in detail below. (1) Ni The present invention is characterized by reducing the content of Ni, which was conventionally contained in a small amount as an impurity, to 4 to 7 wt%.
It crystallizes as an intermetallic compound of NiAl3 . Ni is
At 5.7wt%, NiAl3 is very finely dispersed as eutectic NiAl3, but if Ni is added much beyond 5.7%, lumpy or plate-like NiAl3 crystallizes as primary crystals, reducing toughness, so the content range is limited. ,7wt%
The following shall apply. If it is less than 4wt%, mechanical properties will not be sufficient. (2) Mg Mg dissolves well in Al and strengthens the Al matrix. The content in the alloy is 3-7wt%
shall be. When Mg is dissolved in an Al matrix, the strength increases, but if it is less than 3wt%, the effect is small. Moreover, when it exceeds 7wt%, the elongation decreases rapidly. (3) Ti Although Ti is not added in the first invention, the aluminum alloy of the second invention further contains Ti in addition to the first invention. Adding less than 0.2% of Ti has the effect of improving castability and refining grains, and when it exceeds 0.2wt%, TiAl3 intermetallic compounds will crystallize, reducing toughness and ductility (elongation). (4) Si, Cu, Fe, Mn, and other impurities contained in general aluminum alloys such as Si, Cu, Fe, Mn, etc. are within the allowable range in normal alloys, i.e., Si: 1.0wt%
Below, Cu: 1.0wt% or less, Fe: 0.5wt% or less,
If so, it may exist. Regarding Mn, the comparative experiment results shown in Figure 2 show that when the amount of Mn increases from 0 to 0.5 wt%, the elongation at break decreases.
The impurity content shall be below the detection limit of 0.1wt%.
Further, inevitable impurities other than Si, Cu, Fe, and Mn may be included as long as the composition range of the present invention is not changed. Therefore, the Al base metal used as the matrix of the aluminum alloy for die casting of the present invention has a high purity.
It is preferable to use an aluminum base metal containing 99.5wt% or more. <Example> A more specific explanation will be given below using Examples and Comparative Examples. Molten alloy having the composition shown in Table 1 was cast using a 90-ton die-casting machine at a casting temperature of 710 to 730°C, a mold temperature of 110 to 150°C, an injection speed of 1.3 to 1.5 m/s, and a casting pressure of 760 Kgf/cm 2 . Test pieces were cast under conditions of a chill time of 5 seconds and designated as Samples 1 to 15. However, in Table 1, trace indicates the detection limit, and for Mn it is 0.1wt% or less. ADC 10 alloy and special public service according to JIS standard
A test piece was prepared in the same manner as above using the aluminum die-cast alloy for wheels disclosed in Publication No. 43539, and was used as a reference example. The following experiments were conducted using the above Samples 1 to 15 and Reference Examples, and the results are shown in Table 2. (1) Observation of solidified structure Figure 1 shows an optical micrograph (×1000) of the solidified structure of sample No. 10 (example of the present invention). The structure consists of three finely dispersed NiAl phases and an Al matrix containing Mg as a solid solution. Also,
Intermetallic compounds of Al and Mg are crystallized in some parts. (2) Tensile test A tensile test was conducted in the as-cast state using samples 1 to 15 in the form of ASTM standard tensile test pieces and similar reference examples. (3) Hardness Using Samples 1 to 15 of 6.35 mm x 6.35 mm x 10 mm and similar reference examples, the Vickers hardness (Hv) of the as-cast condition was measured. The load is 200g. (4) Impact test Samples 1 to 15 and reference examples with cross sections of 6.35 x 6.35
mm test specimens were used in the as-cast state and subjected to a Charpy impact test. Comparison experiment results of impurity element content Using samples within the range of the present invention, the amount of Mn was 0 to 0.
An aluminum alloy with Mn content changed to 1.0 wt% was cast under the same conditions as in the present invention, and the influence of Mn as an impurity element on the mechanical properties (tensile strength and elongation at break) of the alloy was measured. The results are shown in Figure 2. In FIG. 2, black circles indicate tensile strength, and white circles indicate elongation at break.
【表】
＊ アンダーラインは本発明の組成範囲をはずれるも
のを示す。
[Table] * Underlined items indicate those outside the composition range of the present invention.
【表】【table】
【表】
第２表に示した結果から、
本発明の合金は、JIS ADC10合金に比較し、
引張り強度が同程度以上の値を示している。ま
た、0.2％耐力も1.9〜3.2Kgｆ／mm2大きい。伸びは
JIS ADC10合金の３〜８倍大きく、特公昭59−
43539合金と同程度以上である。従つて、本発明
の合金は強度、伸び共に従来の合金に比べ優れて
いることがわかる。
ビツカース硬度（荷重200ｇ）は参考例の合金
がHv100以下であるのに対し、本発明の合金は
Hv100以上の値を示しており、このことは本発明
の合金が耐摩耗性に優れていることを示す。
本発明の合金のシヤルピー衝撃値は、JIS
ADC10合金の2.5〜3.7倍、特公昭59−43539合金
の1.5〜２倍高い値であり、従来の合金に比べ著
しく衝撃値が高い。
＜発明の効果＞
本発明の第１の発明の合金は、Al−Ni−Mgの
３元系合金であり、従来のダイカスト用アルミニ
ウム合金に比較して引張り強さ0.2％耐力、伸び
が良好で衝撃値が高く、著しい強靭性を示す。
このため強靭性を要する構造部品に適し、広範
囲に利用できる。
本発明の第２の発明の合金は、第１の発明の合
金にTiを加えるので、上記効果に加えてさらに
結晶粒が微細化し鋳造性が良い。[Table] From the results shown in Table 2, the alloy of the present invention has a
The tensile strength shows a value of the same level or higher. In addition, the 0.2% proof stress is 1.9 to 3.2 Kgf/ mm2 . The growth is
3 to 8 times larger than JIS ADC 10 alloy.
It is at least the same level as 43539 alloy. Therefore, it can be seen that the alloy of the present invention is superior to conventional alloys in both strength and elongation. The Vickers hardness (load 200g) of the alloy of the reference example is Hv100 or less, whereas the alloy of the present invention has a hardness of Hv100 or less.
It shows a value of Hv100 or more, which indicates that the alloy of the present invention has excellent wear resistance. The Charpy impact value of the alloy of the present invention is JIS
The impact value is 2.5 to 3.7 times higher than that of ADC 10 alloy and 1.5 to 2 times higher than that of Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-43539 alloy, and the impact value is significantly higher than that of conventional alloys. <Effects of the Invention> The alloy of the first invention is a ternary alloy of Al-Ni-Mg, and has better tensile strength, 0.2% yield strength, and elongation than conventional aluminum alloys for die casting. It has a high impact value and exhibits remarkable toughness. Therefore, it is suitable for structural parts that require toughness and can be used in a wide range of applications. Since the alloy of the second invention of the present invention adds Ti to the alloy of the first invention, in addition to the above effects, the crystal grains are further refined and the castability is good.
第１図は、金属組織を示す図面代用写真であ
り、試料No.10の本発明合金の光学顕微鏡写真（×
1000）である。第２図は、合金の機械的性質に及
ぼす不純物元素（Mn）の影響を示すグラフであ
る。
FIG. 1 is a photograph substituted for a drawing showing the metallographic structure, and is an optical microscope photograph (×
1000). FIG. 2 is a graph showing the influence of an impurity element (Mn) on the mechanical properties of the alloy.
Claims (1)
有し、不純物としてはSi1.0wt％以下、Cu1.0wt
％以下、Fe0.5wt％以下およびMn0.1wt％以下を
含み、残部Alよりなることを特徴とする強靭性
ダイカスト用アルミニウム合金。 ２ Ni4wt％〜7wt％とMg3wt％〜7wt％と
Ti0.2wt％以下とを含有し、不純物としては
Si1.0wt％以下、Cu1.0wt％以下、Fe0.5wt％以下
およびMn0.1wt％以下を含み、残部Alよりなる
ことを特徴とする強靭性ダイカスト用アルミニウ
ム合金。[Claims] 1 Contains 4wt% to 7wt% Ni and 3wt% to 7wt% Mg, and impurities include Si1.0wt% or less and Cu1.0wt%.
% or less, Fe 0.5wt% or less, Mn 0.1wt% or less, and the balance is Al. 2 Ni4wt% ~ 7wt% and Mg3wt% ~ 7wt%
Contains less than 0.2wt% of Ti, and as an impurity
A tough aluminum alloy for die casting, comprising 1.0wt% or less of Si, 1.0wt% or less of Cu, 0.5wt% or less of Fe, and 0.1wt% or less of Mn, with the balance being Al.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17116986A JPS6328840A (en) | 1986-07-21 | 1986-07-21 | Aluminum alloy for die casting having high toughness |
| US07/076,435 US4847048A (en) | 1986-07-21 | 1987-07-21 | Aluminum die-casting alloys |
| US07/351,886 US4976918A (en) | 1986-07-21 | 1989-05-15 | Aluminum die-casting alloys |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17116986A JPS6328840A (en) | 1986-07-21 | 1986-07-21 | Aluminum alloy for die casting having high toughness |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6328840A JPS6328840A (en) | 1988-02-06 |
| JPH0448856B2 true JPH0448856B2 (en) | 1992-08-07 |
Family
ID=15918277
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17116986A Granted JPS6328840A (en) | 1986-07-21 | 1986-07-21 | Aluminum alloy for die casting having high toughness |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6328840A (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01246340A (en) * | 1988-03-28 | 1989-10-02 | Ryobi Ltd | Grain dispersion-type alloy and its manufacture |
| JPH01247548A (en) * | 1988-03-29 | 1989-10-03 | Ryobi Ltd | High toughness aluminum alloy |
| JPH01247545A (en) * | 1988-03-30 | 1989-10-03 | Ryobi Ltd | Grain dispersion type alloy and its manufacture |
| JPH01250722A (en) * | 1988-03-31 | 1989-10-05 | Nippon Seiki Co Ltd | Measuring instrument |
| JP3032893B2 (en) * | 1989-06-14 | 2000-04-17 | リョービ株式会社 | High strength aluminum alloy for casting |
| KR100460644B1 (en) * | 2002-06-17 | 2004-12-08 | 대한민국(전북대학교 총장) | Tire Mold And Fabricating Method Thereof |
| CN114015912A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-02-08 | 柳州市智甲金属科技有限公司 | High-thermal-conductivity high-elongation die-casting aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4954215A (en) * | 1972-05-04 | 1974-05-27 |
-
1986
- 1986-07-21 JP JP17116986A patent/JPS6328840A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4954215A (en) * | 1972-05-04 | 1974-05-27 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6328840A (en) | 1988-02-06 |
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