JPH0448036B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0448036B2 JPH0448036B2 JP6583583A JP6583583A JPH0448036B2 JP H0448036 B2 JPH0448036 B2 JP H0448036B2 JP 6583583 A JP6583583 A JP 6583583A JP 6583583 A JP6583583 A JP 6583583A JP H0448036 B2 JPH0448036 B2 JP H0448036B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- transducer
- piston
- lever
- piezoelectric
- frequency
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005520 electrodynamics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Piezo-Electric Transducers For Audible Bands (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は数百Hz以下の低周波トランスジユーサ
に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a low frequency transducer of several hundred Hz or less.
近年、音波による水中探査や水中伝搬の研究の
みならず超遠距離トランスジユーサとして100Hz
〜数百Hzの周波数範囲で180dB re 1μPa以上の
音圧レベルが得られる低周波音源が強く望まれて
いる。周知の如く、これらの低周波音源は遠距離
音波伝搬の観点から、1000ｍ程度かそれ以上の海
中に沈めて使用する。 In recent years, 100Hz has been used not only for underwater exploration and underwater propagation research using sound waves, but also as an ultra-long distance transducer.
A low-frequency sound source that can obtain a sound pressure level of 180 dB re 1 μPa or higher in the frequency range of ~ several hundred Hz is strongly desired. As is well known, these low-frequency sound sources are used by being submerged in the sea at a depth of about 1000 meters or more from the viewpoint of long-distance sound wave propagation.
低周波音源の駆動方式として、従来動電形ある
いはバリアブルレラクタンス形が提案されている
が、1000ｍ程度の深海で動作させるためには、リ
キツドフイルドもしくは圧力バランス形トランス
ジユーサ構成とさせることが必要不可欠でありこ
のため駆動力が小さすぎ必要な音圧を得ることが
極めて困難であるといつた欠点がある。 Conventionally, electrodynamic or variable reluctance types have been proposed as drive methods for low-frequency sound sources, but in order to operate in deep seas of about 1000 m, it is essential to use a liquid-field or pressure-balanced transducer configuration. Therefore, there is a drawback that the driving force is too small and it is extremely difficult to obtain the necessary sound pressure.
一方、圧電形トランスジユーサは十分な駆動力
が得られるが、180dB re 1μPaという音圧に見
合うだけの放射端面の速度を得ることが、従来困
難であつた。 On the other hand, although piezoelectric transducers can provide sufficient driving force, it has traditionally been difficult to obtain a speed of the radiation end face that is commensurate with the sound pressure of 180 dB re 1 μPa.
本発明は深海でも安定に動作させるため、圧力
バランス形のHelmholtz共振器を用い、さらに変
位拡大機構を設け、従来の圧電形トランスジユー
サの放射端面の速度が小さいという欠点を解消し
大きな音圧を得ることができるピストン振動形低
周波トランスジユーサを実現させるためになされ
たものである。以下図面について説明する。 In order to operate stably even in deep seas, the present invention uses a pressure-balanced Helmholtz resonator and is further equipped with a displacement amplification mechanism, which eliminates the disadvantage of the low velocity of the radiation end face of conventional piezoelectric transducers and increases the sound pressure. This was done in order to realize a piston vibrating low frequency transducer that can obtain the following characteristics. The drawings will be explained below.
第１図は、従来のピストン振動タイプ低周波圧
電形トランスジユーサの一例を示す。第１図に於
て、１０は圧電セラミツク部分を示し、この部分
はボルト締めランジユバン振動子で周知の如く隣
接する円筒状圧電セラミツク振動子の分極方向が
互いに逆向きで、機械的には縦続接続、電気的に
は並列接続され、またボルトであらかじめ機械的
な圧縮応力のかけられた状態で使用される。 FIG. 1 shows an example of a conventional piston vibration type low frequency piezoelectric transducer. In Fig. 1, numeral 10 indicates a piezoelectric ceramic part, and as is well known in bolt-fastened Languevan vibrators, adjacent cylindrical piezoelectric ceramic vibrators have polarization directions opposite to each other, and are mechanically connected in cascade. , electrically connected in parallel, and mechanically compressed with bolts before use.
１１は結合子、１２はピストン剛体板、１３は
Helmholtz共振器のエンクロージヤー部分、１４
はHelmholtz共振器の空胴部分を示す。 11 is a connector, 12 is a piston rigid plate, 13 is a
Enclosure part of Helmholtz resonator, 14
indicates the cavity of the Helmholtz resonator.
また、第１図に示したトランスジユーサの電気
−機械振動系に関する等価回路表示を第２図に示
す。第２図に於てCdは制動容量、Ａは力係数、
Ccは圧電セラミツク部分のコンプライアンス、
Cs1は結合子のコンプライアンス、m1はピストン
剛体板の質量、v1，F1はそれぞれピストン放射端
面における速度、力を示す。 Further, an equivalent circuit representation regarding the electro-mechanical vibration system of the transducer shown in FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. In Figure 2, C d is the braking capacity, A is the force coefficient,
C c is the compliance of the piezoelectric ceramic part,
C s1 is the compliance of the connector, m 1 is the mass of the piston rigid plate, and v 1 and F 1 are the velocity and force at the radial end surface of the piston, respectively.
第１図に示したトランスジユーサの共振周波数
fr1は、増幅器に接続して駆動した場合、
で与えられる。(1)式より結合子のコンプライアン
スCc1を増し、ピストンの質量m1を増すほど低周
波化が図られることがわかる。しかしながら、
Cc1，m1を増大させるほど十分な音圧を得るため
のピストン放射端面の速度v1に対し、v1よりかな
り大きな圧電セラミツク部分の振動速度が必要で
ある。 Resonant frequency of the transducer shown in Figure 1
When f r1 is connected and driven by an amplifier, is given by From equation (1), it can be seen that the frequency can be lowered as the compliance C c1 of the connector increases and the mass m 1 of the piston increases. however,
In order to obtain a sound pressure sufficient to increase C c1 , m 1 , the velocity of the piston radiation end face v 1 requires a vibration velocity of the piezoelectric ceramic portion that is considerably greater than v 1 .
即ち、低周波化を図るためにはピストン部分の
振動速度に対してかなり余裕をもつて圧電セラミ
ツク部分の振動速度を設定してやる必要がある
が、圧電セラミツク部分の振動速度を上げるため
には材料上からくる一定の限界があり、従来のト
ランスジユーサではエネルギー効率が悪くなるこ
とは明白である。 In other words, in order to reduce the frequency, it is necessary to set the vibration speed of the piezoelectric ceramic part with a considerable margin relative to the vibration speed of the piston part, but in order to increase the vibration speed of the piezoelectric ceramic part, it is necessary to set the vibration speed of the piezoelectric ceramic part with a considerable margin. It is clear that there are certain limitations due to this, and conventional transducers suffer from poor energy efficiency.
本発明はこれらの欠点を除いた高効率の圧電形
低周波トランスジユーサを提供することを目的と
する。 An object of the present invention is to provide a highly efficient piezoelectric low frequency transducer that eliminates these drawbacks.
すなわち本発明はヘルムホルツの共振器を具備
したピストン運動タイプ圧電形トランスジユーサ
においてレバー及びヒンジからなる変位拡大機構
が付加されたことを特徴とする圧電形低周波トラ
ンスジユーサである。 That is, the present invention is a piezoelectric low frequency transducer characterized in that a piston motion type piezoelectric transducer equipped with a Helmholtz resonator is added with a displacement magnification mechanism consisting of a lever and a hinge.
本発明の低周波トランスジユーサの一例を第３
図に示す。 An example of the low frequency transducer of the present invention is shown in the third example.
As shown in the figure.
第３図において、２０は第１図と同様の圧電セ
ラミツク部分、２１はヒンジ、２２はレバー、２
３は結合子、２４はピストン剛体板、２５は
Helmholtz共振器のエンクロージヤー部分、２６
はHelmholtz共振器の空胴部分を示し、圧電セラ
ミツク部分２０の変位をてこの原理により拡大す
ることを意図したものである。第３図のトランス
ジユーサの動作原理を詳述するにあたり、主要部
分の構成を第４図に示す。第４図において、h1，
h2，h3は第３図におけるヒンジ２１を各部分に分
けて記述したものであり、lL1，lL2はレバー２２
の各部の長さを示す。またh4は結合子２３を示
す。第４図の動作特性を詳述するために、第４図
の等価回路表示を第５図に示す。 In FIG. 3, 20 is the same piezoelectric ceramic part as in FIG. 1, 21 is a hinge, 22 is a lever, 2
3 is a connector, 24 is a piston rigid plate, 25 is a
Enclosure part of Helmholtz resonator, 26
indicates the cavity of the Helmholtz resonator, which is intended to magnify the displacement of the piezoceramic part 20 by the principle of leverage. In detailing the operating principle of the transducer shown in FIG. 3, the configuration of the main parts is shown in FIG. 4. In Figure 4, h 1 ,
h 2 and h 3 are the hinge 21 in FIG. 3 divided into parts, l L1 and l L2 are the lever 22
Indicates the length of each part. Further, h 4 indicates the connector 23. In order to explain the operating characteristics of FIG. 4 in detail, an equivalent circuit representation of FIG. 4 is shown in FIG.
第５図において、Cdは制動容量、Ａは力係数、
Ccは圧電セラミツク部分のコンプライアンス、
m2は圧電セラミツク部分の等価質量、Ch1，Ch2，
Ch3はそれぞれヒンジh1，h2，h3のたてコンプラ
イアンス、CBはヒンジh1から固定部分をみたコン
プライアンス、CLb1はヒンジh2，h3間のレバーの
撓みコンプライアンス、ILはレバーの慣性モーメ
ント、Cb1はヒンジh1，h2，h3及びセラミツク部
分からなる複合撓みコンプライアンス、CLb2はレ
バー（lL2〜lL1）部の撓みコンプライアンス、Ch4
は結合子h4のたてコンプライアンス、m1はピス
トン剛体板２４の質量である。 In Figure 5, C d is the braking capacity, A is the force coefficient,
C c is the compliance of the piezoelectric ceramic part,
m 2 is the equivalent mass of the piezoelectric ceramic part, Ch 1 , Ch 2 ,
Ch 3 is the vertical compliance of hinges h 1 , h 2 and h 3 , C B is the compliance when looking at the fixed part from hinge h 1 , C Lb1 is the deflection compliance of the lever between hinges h 2 and h 3 , and I L is the The moment of inertia of the lever, C b1 is the composite deflection compliance consisting of hinges h 1 , h 2 , h 3 and the ceramic part, C Lb2 is the deflection compliance of the lever (l L2 ~ l L1 ) part, C h4
is the vertical compliance of the connector h 4 , and m 1 is the mass of the piston rigid plate 24 .
第５図からlL2／lL1よりm2及びI2はピストン板
２４の質量m1十分小さく設計することができ、
トランスジユーサの特性に関してほとんど無視し
て考えられる。またCb1はCcと比べてその影響は
無視できる。 From FIG. 5, l L2 /l From L1, m 2 and I 2 can be designed to be sufficiently smaller than the mass m 1 of the piston plate 24,
The characteristics of the transducer are largely ignored. Moreover, the influence of C b1 can be ignored compared to C c .
トランスジユーサの低周波化に関して有効に働
くコンプライアンスは、回路に並列に配置されて
いるコンプライアンスCh1，CB，Ch2，Ch3，CLb1，
CLb2，Ch4であり、これらが低周波化に向けて協
力し合うわけである。またセラミツク端面の速度
はピストン端面では約lL2／lL1倍に拡大されるわ
けである。 Compliance that is effective in lowering the frequency of the transducer is the compliance C h1 , C B , C h2 , C h3 , C Lb1 , which are placed in parallel in the circuit.
C Lb2 and C h4 , and these work together to lower the frequency. Furthermore, the velocity of the ceramic end face is magnified by approximately l L2 /l L1 times at the piston end face.
即ち、本発明の変位拡大機構とHelmholtz共振
器を用いたトランスジユーサでは、低周波化と同
時にピストン剛体板において十分な振動変位がと
れるわけであり、深海においてハイパワーかつ小
形の低周波音源が実現できるわけである。 In other words, the transducer using the displacement magnification mechanism and Helmholtz resonator of the present invention can achieve sufficient vibration displacement in the piston rigid plate at the same time as lowering the frequency. It can be achieved.
次に本発明の低周波音源の一実施例として、第
３図の構造を有するトランスジユーサについての
べる。Helmholtz共振器２５は250Hzに共振周波
数があり、円筒形である。 Next, as an embodiment of the low frequency sound source of the present invention, a transducer having the structure shown in FIG. 3 will be described. The Helmholtz resonator 25 has a resonant frequency at 250 Hz and is cylindrical.
ピストン剛体板２４は円形をしており、
Helmholtz共振器にわずかな間隙をもつて内側に
位置している。駆動用圧電セラミツク部は３ケ所
あり、120゜ずつ隔たつており、ピストン円板２４
の撓み節点に結合子２３を当接している。また機
械振動系に対する共振周波数は300Hz付近に設定
されている。このトランスジユーサのピストン板
２４から１ｍ離れたところの最大音圧を測定した
ところ第６図の実線の特性を得た。一方、従来の
第１図の構造を有する低周波音源の同様の最大音
圧特性は点線の特性となつた。 The piston rigid plate 24 has a circular shape,
It is located inside the Helmholtz resonator with a small gap. There are three drive piezoelectric ceramic parts, spaced apart by 120 degrees, and the piston disc 24.
The connector 23 is brought into contact with the bending node of the connector. Furthermore, the resonance frequency for the mechanical vibration system is set around 300Hz. When the maximum sound pressure was measured at a distance of 1 m from the piston plate 24 of this transducer, the characteristics shown by the solid line in FIG. 6 were obtained. On the other hand, the similar maximum sound pressure characteristic of the conventional low frequency sound source having the structure shown in FIG. 1 is the characteristic shown by the dotted line.
尚、いずれの音源も最大長は１ｍ未満であり、
入力パワーも同一である。従つて、本発明に従う
と低周波でハイパワーのトランスジユーサが実現
できる。 The maximum length of any sound source is less than 1m,
The input power is also the same. Therefore, according to the present invention, a low frequency, high power transducer can be realized.
第１図は従来のピストン振動低周波圧電形トラ
ンスジユーサの構造図、第２図は第１図に示した
トランスジユーサの電気機械振動系に関する等価
回路図、第３図は本発明の低周波圧電形トランス
ジユーサの構造図、第４図は第３図のトランスジ
ユーサの主要部分を示す図、第５図は第４図のト
ランスジユーサの等価回路図、第６図はトランス
ジユーサの最大音圧特性図である。
図において、１０，２０は圧電セラミツク部
分、１１，２３は結合子、１２，２４はピストン
剛体板、１３，２５はHelmholtz共振器エンクロ
ージヤー、１４，２６はHelmholtz共振器空胴部
分、２１はヒンジ、２２はレバー、h1，h2，h3は
ヒンジ、h4は結合子、Cdは制動容量、Ａは力係
数、Cc，Cs1，Ch1，Ch2，Ch3，CB，CLb1，Cb1，
CLb2，Ch4はコンプライアンス、ILはレバーの慣
性モーメント、m1はピストン剛体板の質量、m2
は圧電セラミツク部分の等価質量、v1は振動速
度、F1は力を示す。
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a conventional piston vibration low frequency piezoelectric transducer, Fig. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the electromechanical vibration system of the transducer shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a conventional piston vibration low frequency piezoelectric transducer. A structural diagram of a frequency piezoelectric transducer. Fig. 4 is a diagram showing the main parts of the transducer in Fig. 3, Fig. 5 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the transducer in Fig. 4, and Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the main parts of the transducer in Fig. 4. It is a maximum sound pressure characteristic diagram of Usa. In the figure, 10 and 20 are piezoelectric ceramic parts, 11 and 23 are connectors, 12 and 24 are piston rigid plates, 13 and 25 are Helmholtz resonator enclosures, 14 and 26 are Helmholtz resonator cavity parts, and 21 is a Hinge, 22 is lever, h 1 , h 2 , h 3 is hinge, h 4 is connector, C d is braking capacity, A is force coefficient, C c , C s1 , C h1 , C h2 , C h3 , C B , C Lb1 , C b1 ,
C Lb2 , C h4 is compliance, I L is the moment of inertia of the lever, m 1 is the mass of the piston rigid plate, m 2
is the equivalent mass of the piezoceramic part, v 1 is the vibration velocity, and F 1 is the force.
Claims (1)
動タイプ圧電形トランスジユーサにおいて、レバ
ー及びヒンジからなる変位拡大機構が付加された
ことを特徴とする圧電形低周波トランスジユー
サ。 ２ レバー及びヒンジからなる変位拡大機構はレ
バーが２つのヒンジと接続しており、該２つのヒ
ンジのうち一方の他端は固定されており、他方の
他端は圧電セラミツクと接続し、さらに前記レバ
ーは結合子を介してピストン剛体板と接続してい
る構造である特許請求の範囲第１項記載の圧電形
低周波トランスジユーサ。[Scope of Claims] 1. A piezoelectric low-frequency transducer comprising a piston vibration type piezoelectric transducer equipped with a Helmholtz resonator, characterized in that a displacement magnification mechanism consisting of a lever and a hinge is added. 2. In the displacement magnifying mechanism consisting of a lever and a hinge, the lever is connected to two hinges, the other end of one of the two hinges is fixed, the other end is connected to the piezoelectric ceramic, and the 2. The piezoelectric low frequency transducer according to claim 1, wherein the lever is connected to the piston rigid plate via a connector.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6583583A JPS59190795A (en) | 1983-04-14 | 1983-04-14 | Piezoelectric type low frequency transducer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6583583A JPS59190795A (en) | 1983-04-14 | 1983-04-14 | Piezoelectric type low frequency transducer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59190795A JPS59190795A (en) | 1984-10-29 |
| JPH0448036B2 true JPH0448036B2 (en) | 1992-08-05 |
Family
ID=13298465
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6583583A Granted JPS59190795A (en) | 1983-04-14 | 1983-04-14 | Piezoelectric type low frequency transducer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59190795A (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0453116Y2 (en) * | 1986-07-08 | 1992-12-14 | ||
| JPS6310698U (en) * | 1986-07-08 | 1988-01-23 | ||
| JPH0510480Y2 (en) * | 1986-07-08 | 1993-03-15 | ||
| JPH07119679B2 (en) * | 1987-04-22 | 1995-12-20 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | Cyclic fatigue test equipment |
| US10771892B1 (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2020-09-08 | Teledyne Instruments, Inc. | Underwater subwoofer system |
-
1983
- 1983-04-14 JP JP6583583A patent/JPS59190795A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS59190795A (en) | 1984-10-29 |
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