JPH0445711A - Fertilizing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve fertilizing efficiency by arranging nozzles to drop to sowed seeds or sowed seedlings with differentiating left and right distance and upper and lower depth. CONSTITUTION:Nozzles 63, 63', 65 and 65' thrust into soil by nozzle-thrusting means are arranged so as to drop with differentiating left and right distance and upper and lower depth to sowed seeds 96 or sowed seedlings. Fertilizer is dropped to sowed seeds or sowed seedlings in a state having different left and right distance and upper and lower depth.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Industrial field of application The present invention relates to a fertilizing machine that injects fertilizer into a field at the same time as sowing or transplanting, which sows seeds or plants seedlings in a field;
For example, the present invention relates to a fertilizing/seeding machine, and specifically relates to the arrangement structure of a nozzle that injects fertilizer into a field.

(n) Conventional technology In general, fertilizing machines, such as fertilizing and planting machines, are those that spread fertilizer evenly over the field, those that inject fertilizer into the field in streaks, and those that inject fertilizer in spots in the sowing area. However, recently,
The method of dot injection (hereinafter referred to as dot injection) is attracting attention from the viewpoint of fertilizer application efficiency and environmental conservation.

Conventional dot-type fertilizer applicators apply fertilizer to seeds or seedlings at the same distance and at the same depth on both sides.

(8) Problems to be solved by the invention By the way, in the above-mentioned drip-type fertilizer, since the right and left drip fertilizers are equally supplied to the seeds or seedlings, the effect of the fertilizer is temporary and short-lived. There is a need to develop a fertilizer application machine that can maintain the effect of fertilizer over a long period of time as crops grow.

Therefore, the present invention has a nozzle configured to inject fertilizer onto sown seeds or sown seedlings at different horizontal distances and vertical depths according to the growth of the seedlings. death,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a fertilizer application machine that solves the above-mentioned problems.

(d) Means for Solving the Problems The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances. For example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a nozzle for injecting fertilizer into the ground ( 63, 63' 65, 65'), and a ground work unit (6) for sowing seeds or seedlings in a field. , 63', 65.65') are arranged so as to be dotted on the seeds or seedlings sown in the above-mentioned ground working section (6) at different horizontal distances and vertical depths. It is characterized by:

(Phantom action) Based on the above-mentioned configuration, the nozzles (63, 63', 65.65') provided in the fertilizer application part (5) of the fertilizer application machine (1) are driven into the ground by the nozzle driving means (78). The nozzle (83, 63' 65.6
5') are arranged so that the seeds or seedlings sown in the ground working section (6) are dotted at different distances from side to side and at different depths from top to bottom, so that the fertilizer is applied , is applied to the sown seeds or seedlings at different horizontal distances and vertical depths.

(f) As described in detail, according to the present invention, fertilizer is applied to the sown seeds or seedlings, which results in localized fertilization and less waste of fertilizer. , fertilizer application efficiency can be improved. Furthermore, less fertilizer is wasted, so
It is possible to prevent adverse effects on the environment.

In addition, since fertilizer is poured at different distances on the left and right and at different depths on the top and bottom, in the early stages of seedling growth, the seedlings absorb fertilizer that is shallow and nearby. However, as the seedlings grow further, the fertilizer can be absorbed as the seedlings grow, just as they absorb fertilizer that has been poured deep and far away. Therefore, it is possible to improve fertilizer efficiency and promote the growth of seedlings.

Furthermore, since the fertilizer can be applied at different distances from side to side and at different depths from top to bottom, it is possible to apply fertilizer to various varieties.

Note that the symbols in parentheses are used to refer to the drawings and do not limit the configuration in any way.

(g) Examples Examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 2, the fertilizer application machine 1 has a frame 2, the front part of which is a transmission part 3 and the fertilizer application part 5, and the rear part thereof is a ground work part 6.

In addition, a towing vehicle such as a traveling body of a riding rice transplanter is connected to the front of the fertilizing working machine 1, and the fertilizing working machine 1 is configured to be towed and receives power from the towing vehicle. -I am. The towing vehicle and the frame 2 are connected to each other by a top link 9 and a lower link 10, 10 so as to be movable up and down.
ing. Between the top link 9 and the lower link 10.10, a PTO shaft 1 wheelbase distance 1 is provided, and the PTO shaft 11
A coupler 12 is connected to the PTO shaft 1 wheelbase 1 turn:
919 to age ++-A Ai extension six-movement chair And, as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. A gear case 15 is fixed to the frame 2. A sprocket 16 is connected to the gear portion 13. The sprocket 1
6 transmits power to a sprocket 19 fixed to a countershaft 17 via a chino 20. The speed change section 3 is composed of the sprocket 16.19 and the chain 20, and is configured to change speed by replacing the sprocket 16.19.

Further, a sprocket 21 is attached to the countershaft 17.
is fixedly installed, and a first
A sprocket 23 is fixed to the shaft 22 of the sprocket 21, and the sprocket 23
Power is transmitted via 4. Further, a sprocket 25 is fixedly installed on the first shaft 22, and a sprocket 25 is fixed to the second shaft 26 which transmits power to the ground working section 6. The 8th and 27th gears have the same number of teeth and are connected via a chino 28. As a result, the first shaft 22
The power is transmitted from the second shaft 26 to the second shaft 26, and the rotation speed is the same.

A sprocket 29 is provided on the first shaft 22.
is fixedly installed, and the sprocket 29 transmits power via a chino 33 to a sprocket 32 fixed to the shafts of the first distribution valve 30 and the second distribution valve 31.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the first shaft 22 has spline portions 22a, 22a at both ends. A spline hole 35a of a boss portion of a sprocket 35 is fitted into the spline portion 22a, and the spline hole 35a of the boss portion of the sprocket 35 is fitted into the spline portion 22a.
The shaft 22 is connected non-rotatably and movably in the axial direction. The spline portion 22a has a collar 36.
36.36 is inserted, and the collar 36.36.36 and sprocket 3 are inserted into the spline portion 22a.
5 is connected to the first shaft 2 by a bolt 37 and a ring 39.
2. It is fixed and prevented from coming out.

Bearings 40.40 are fitted onto the outer peripheries of the boss portions of the sprockets 1-35.
One side of the cheno case 41 is disposed to support the cheno case 40. A bearing 42.42 is supported at the upper part of the other side of the Cheno case 41.
A first crankshaft 45 to which a sprocket 43 is fixed is fitted inside the crankshaft 42 . Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 2, a bearing 46.46 is supported below the attachment portion of the first crankshaft 45 of the cheno case 41, and a sprocket 4 is mounted on the inner periphery of the bearing 46.46.
A second crankshaft 49 to which 7 is fixed is fitted. The sprockets 43 and 47 have the same number of teeth, and power is transmitted from the sprocket 35 via a chain 50 with the chain tension adjusted by a guide wheel 51 and 52.

In addition, the lower PTO shaft 1 side 1 side of the Cheno case 41,
A case stopper 53 is fixed, and the case stopper 53 is slidably attached to a support 55 fixed to the frame 2. The support 55 has a large number of holes, and the case stopper 53 is fixed to the support 55 by inserting bottles into the holes.

Further, as shown in FIG. 11, the position of the ceno case 41 can be changed by the combination of the ceno case 41 and the collars 36, 36, 36, and the combination of the case stopper 53 and the numerous holes of the support 55. It is configured as follows.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the first crank 1Ik
One end of a first crank arm 57 is fixed to one end of the first crankshaft 45, and one end of a first crank arm 57' is fixed to the other end of the first crankshaft 45. Arms 57 and 57' are attached to first crankshaft 45 with an angular offset of 180 degrees. A shaft 59 is fixed to the other end of the first crank arm 57, 57', and a bearing 60.60 is fitted on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 59.
A nozzle holder 61 is rotatably supported on the shaft 59 via the nozzle holder 61 . The inner race of the bearing 60, 60 is held on the shaft 59 by a bolt 64 and a ring 62 to prevent it from coming off. Further, as shown in the first step, there is a nozzle 63.6 on one side of the nozzle holder 61.
3' is fixed.

Further, one end of a second crank arm 66 is fixed to one end of the second crankshaft 49, and one end of a second crank arm 66' is fixed to the other end of the second crankshaft 49. ing. the second crank arms 66 and 66;
' are attached to the second crankshaft 49 with an angular shift of 180 degrees. The angle at which the first crank arm 57 is attached to the first crankshaft 45 and the angle at which the second crank arm 66 is attached to the second crankshaft 49 are the same, and the angle at which the first crank arm 57 is attached to the second crankshaft 49 is the same. ’ to the first crankshaft 45 and the second crank arm 66
' are also configured to have the same mounting angle to the second crankshaft 49.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the other end of the second crank arm 66 has an elongated hole 66a, and one end of a shaft 67 is inserted through the elongated hole 66a. 67 is movable within the elongated hole 66a and is fixed to the second crank arm 66 with a nut 69. An adjustment bolt 70 is rotatably inserted through the end of the second crank arm 66.
is prevented from moving in the axial direction with respect to the second crank arm 66 by a retaining ring 71. The adjustment bolt 70
extends to the peripheral wall of the elongated hole 66a, and
6a, and the threaded portion 70a of the adjustment bolt 70 and the threaded portion 67a of the shaft 67 are threaded into each other.

By rotating the adjustment bolt 70, the shaft 67
is configured to be movable within the elongated hole 66a.

The other end of the shaft 67 is inserted into a long hole 72a of a nozzle holder 72, and the nozzle holder 72 is slidable within the range of the long hole 72a.
It is configured to be prevented from being removed from the shaft 67 by a ring 75. Further, the nozzle 63, 63' is fixed to one side of the nozzle holder 72.

Therefore, the rotation of the first crankshaft 45 is transmitted to the first crank arms 57, 57', and the nozzle holder 61.
61, the rotation of the second crankshaft 49 is transmitted to the second crank arm 66, 66' and rotates the nozzle holders 72, 72. Along with this, the nozzle 6 fixed to the nozzle holder 61.61, 72.72
3.63'65.65' also rotates and the nozzle 63.
63'65.65' is configured to be driven into the ground to produce fertilizer into the ground.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the nozzles 63 and 63',
The nozzles 65 and 65' are fixed and integrally formed. The nozzles 63.63' and 65.6
5' is a nozzle holder 61.61 which is a tube connection part.
Only the parts are aligned left and right, and the rest are arranged front to back, with the lower nozzles 63 and 65 arranged at the front, and the upper nozzles 63' and 65' arranged at the rear and integrated.

Further, the spline portion 2 at the other end of the first shaft 22
The spline portion 28' is also constructed in the same manner as the spline portion 22a. Therefore, nozzles 76 and 76' are fixed to one side of the nozzle holder 61, nozzles 77 and 77' are fixed to one side of the other nozzle holder 61, and nozzles 77 and 77' are fixed to one side of the nozzle holder 72. 76, 76' are fixed to one side of the other nozzle holder 72 in front of which nozzles 77.
77' is fixed.

And the first crankshaft 45, 45, the second crankshaft 49, 49, the first crank arm 57, 57, 57
', 57' and second crank arm 66.66.6
6' and 66' constitute a driving means 78.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the tip of the nozzle 63 is at a distance of I21 from the center line of the chain case 41, the tip of the nozzle 63' is at a distance of 12 m, and the tip of the nozzle 65 is at a distance of I21. The tip of the nozzle 65' is located at a distance of β2, and is configured such that β,>β8.

With respect to the ground surface, the tip of the nozzle 63 forms a hole with a depth of dl in the ground, the tip of the nozzle 63' forms a hole with a depth of d in the ground, and the tip of the nozzle 65 forms a hole with a depth of d in the ground. The part forms a hole with a depth d in the ground, and the tip part of the nozzle 65' forms a hole with a depth d2 in the ground, so that d t > d *. A left-right distance is ensured between the tip portions of the nozzles 63 and 65'. If the diameter of the nozzles 63.63' and 65.65' is 1, then β
The relational expressions 1-β, -1=h hold true.

Also, the shaft 6 of the second crank arm 66,66'
When 7.67 is the maximum rotation radius, a vertical distance e is ensured between the lower surface of the chain case 41 and the lower part of the chain case 41 of the nozzle 63'. A left-right distance f is ensured between the shaft 67 and the tip of the nozzle 63'.From the intersection of the downward extension of the tip of the nozzle 63' and the nozzle 65', A vertical distance g is ensured up to the tip of 63'.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the second shaft 26 has spline portions 26a and 26a' at both ends. A spline hole 79a of a boss portion of a sprocket 79 is fitted into the spline portion 26a, and the sprocket 79 is connected to the second shaft 26 so as to be non-rotatable and movable in the axial direction. The spline portion 26a includes
A collar 80.80.80 is inserted through the spline 26a, and the sprocket 79 and the collar 80.80.80 are fixed to the second shaft 26 with a bolt 81 and a ring 82 to prevent them from coming off.

The sprocket 79 includes a seeding device drive section 83.
are connected to each other, and a cenocase 85 is disposed to cover the sprocket 79 and the planting device drive section 83. A case stopper 86 is provided at the bottom of the Cheno case 85.
is fixedly installed, and the case stopper 86 is fixed to the frame 2.
It is slidably attached to a support 87 fixed to.

The support 87 has holes 89, 89, 89, 89, and a bottle 90 inserted into the hole 89 to fix the case stopper 86 to the support 87.

Also, the chenoke case 85 and the collar 80.80.
80 as well as the case stopper 86 and the holes 89, 89° 89.89 of the support 87, the position of the cheno case 85 can be changed.

One movement from the seeding device drive section 83 is transmitted to a sprocket 92 fixed to a seeding nozzle shaft 91 via a chino 9o, and a large number of seeding nozzles are connected to the seeding nozzle shaft 91. A seed hopper 97 for storing seeds 96 is disposed adjacent to the seed nozzle portion 95 to form a seeding device 99. A roller 100 is installed at the bottom of the seeding device 99.
．． 101 is pivotally supported.

Further, the spline portion 268' of the second shaft 26
The side is also configured in the same manner as the spline portion 26a side.

Further, a vacuum pump 102 is attached to the rear of the frame 2, and the vacuum pump 102 is connected to a tube 103.
, 103 to the seeding nozzle section 95.95.

Gauge foils 10 are provided at both ends of the support 87.
5 and 105 are pivotally supported, and sleds 106 and 106 are attached to the front and both ends of the support 55, so that the fertilizer application machine 1 is supported and moved by the gauge wheels 105 and 105 and the sleds 106 and 106. It is composed of

Further, as shown in FIG. 12, a first pump 110 and a second pump 111 are connected to fertilizer tanks 109 and 109 containing paste or liquid fertilizer 107. The first distribution valve 30 for the lower nozzle is connected to the second pump 111, and the second distribution valve 31 for the upper nozzle is connected to the second pump 111.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 3, 13, and 14, a vibrator 112 is attached to the frame 2 in front of the first distribution valve 30 and the second distribution valve 31. The vibe 1
There is a vibe hole 112a on the center side of 12, and the vibe 1
There are joints 113, 115, 116, 1 on the top surface of 12.
17, 119, 120, 121, and 122 are fixedly installed, and a tube hole 112b is formed in each joint attachment portion of the vibrator 112.

Then, as shown in FIG. 12, the first distribution valve 30
A tube 123 is connected to the tube 12.
3 is inserted into the vibrator 112 from the vibrator hole 112a, passes through the tube hole 112b, and communicates with the joint 113. The joint 113 is connected to the tube 1
25 to the nozzle 65. Furthermore, the first
The distribution valve communicates with the nozzle 63 via a tube 126, a joint 117, and a tube 127, and communicates with the nozzle 77 via a tube 129, a joint 119, and a tube 130. 132 through the nozzle 76
is familiar with

Further, the second distribution valve 31 communicates with the nozzle 65' via a tube 133, a joint 115, and a tube 135, and communicates with the nozzle 63' via a tube 136, a joint 116, and a tube 137, It communicates with the nozzle 77' through a tube 139, a stain 120, and a tube 140, and a tube 141,
The stain 121 communicates with the nozzle 76' via a tube 142.

Next, an embodiment partially modified according to FIG. 15 will be described.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 15, a pump 143 is used instead of the first pump 110 and second pump 111 shown in FIG.
Of the six pumps 143, four are connected to the first distribution valve 30, and two are connected to the second distribution valve 31.
It is connected to the. As a result, a large amount of fertilizer is supplied to the first distribution valve 30, and the lower nozzle applies a large amount of fertilizer, and a small amount of fertilizer is supplied to the second distribution valve 31, and the upper nozzle applies a large amount of fertilizer. It is designed to apply less fertilizer.

Therefore, at the beginning of the seedling's growth, the roots of the seedling absorb a small amount of fertilizer from the upper nozzle, and as the seedling grows further, the roots of the seedling absorb a larger amount of fertilizer from the lower nozzle. Seedlings can absorb the fertilizer they need as they grow, allowing them to grow well.

Since this embodiment has the above configuration, the PTO shaft 1
1 is transmitted to the coupler 12 , the speed is changed by the transmission section 3 , and the power is transmitted to the countershaft 17 . Power is transmitted from the sprocket 21 of the countershaft 17 to the sprocket 23 of the first shaft 22. Furthermore, the power is transmitted from the sprocket 25 of the first shaft 22 to the sprocket 27 of the second shaft 26 via the chino 28, and the sprockets 25 and 27 have the same number of teeth and rotate at the same speed. ing. For this reason, the distribution valve 30.3 to which power is transmitted from the first shaft 22
1, the driving means 78, and the seeding devices 99 and 99 to which power is transmitted from the second shaft 26 operate at the same timing, so that the timing of fertilization and sowing can be matched, and as shown in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the relationship between the fertilization position and the sowing position can be maintained accurately and constant, and the fertilization efficiency can be improved.

Further, the pitch of fertilization and planting is adjusted by replacing the sprockets 16 and 19 of the transmission section 3, and at this time, the changed rotation is transmitted to the first shaft 22 via the counter shaft 17. Therefore, the timing of fertilization and sowing can be kept constant without being affected by pitch adjustment or speed change.

Also, the nozzle 63.63'65°65' of the fertilizing part 5
The fertilizer is driven into the ground by the nozzle driving means 78, and the fertilizer is dotted onto the sown seeds or seedlings, which results in localized fertilization and less wasted fertilizer.
Fertilization efficiency can be improved.

In addition, as shown in Figures 4, 5, and 6, fertilizer is applied locally to the sown seeds at two different locations at different distances on the left and right and at different depths on the top and bottom. At the beginning of seedling growth, the seedlings absorb the fertilizer in the shallower and closer upper layer, and as the seedlings grow further, they absorb the fertilizer in the deeper and farther lower layer, allowing the seedlings to absorb fertilizer as they grow. It is possible to promote the growth of seedlings.

Since the attachment position of the chenoke case 41 on the spline portion 22a of the first shaft 22 can be changed, the nozzle 6
The driving positions of 3.63' and 65.65' can also be changed. For this reason, it is possible to locally apply fertilizer to the sown seeds by changing the horizontal distance and the vertical depth, so it is possible to apply fertilizer corresponding to various varieties.

In addition, since the nozzles 63 and 63' and the nozzles 65 and 65' are integrally formed, the drive mechanism of the driving means 78 is simple, and the nozzle strength is increased to prevent misalignment of the fertilization position. It can be prevented. The lower nozzles 63 and 65 are arranged at the front, and the upper nozzle 6
Since the nozzles 3' and 65'' are arranged rearward and integrated, the force acting on the upper nozzles 63' and 65' extending left and right can be reduced.
The strength of 65' can be made safe.

Furthermore, the nozzles 63, 63' and 65, 65' are arranged on the left and right only at the nozzle holder 61, 61, which is the tube connection part, and thereafter are arranged front and back, so the nozzle strength is enhanced and the tube connection is can be facilitated.

In addition, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the right nozzle 6
3.63' and left nozzle 65.65' are symmetrically 1
Since they are configured to rotate with a phase shift of 80 degrees, the fertilization pitch is halved compared to when only the right nozzle 63.63' is used, and the right nozzle 63.63' and the left nozzle 65 .65' rotation speed can be halved.

Furthermore, the right nozzle 63.63' and the left nozzle 65.
65' is the upper nozzle 63' and 65' and the lower nozzle 6.
Since the left and right portions 3 and 65 are reversed, fertilization is applied to the sown seeds in a staggered manner, thereby improving the -layer fertilization efficiency and promoting the growth of seedlings.

Also, for the sown seeds, the right nozzle 63.63'
, both the left nozzle 65 and 65', the inside is the upper nozzle 63'
, 65', the 8 dimension can be increased. For this reason, the range in which the lengths of the upper nozzles 63', 65' and the lower nozzles 63, 65 can be changed and adjusted is widened, making it possible to apply fertilizers corresponding to various varieties.

Then, we can ensure the thickness and f dimensions of Ω,〉β2,
Due to the dimension f, the nozzle 63' on the right side does not come into contact with the shaft 67 of the second crank arm 66' on the left side, and since the dimension 0 is ensured, the nozzle 63' comes into contact with the chain case 41. Never.

In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the sowing device 99 is used as the ground work unit 6.
However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it goes without saying that a transplanting device for transplanting seedlings, such as a rice transplanting device, may also be used.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a detailed rear view showing the crank part according to the invention;
Fig. 2 is a side view showing a fertilizer application machine to which the present invention is applied, Fig. 3 is a plan view thereof, Fig. 4 is a plan view showing the positional relationship between fertilization and sowing, and Fig. 5 is an A in Fig. 4. - A cross-sectional view, Figure 6 is a B-B cross-sectional view in Figure 4, Figure 7 is a PTO
FIG. 8 is a transmission side view showing the transmission from the shaft, FIG. 9 is a detailed plan sectional view showing the chain case and crank part, and FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the nozzle holder part.
(a) is a side view of the nozzle holder side, (b) is a side view of the nut side, No. 11 is a view showing the attachment position of the chain case to the first shaft, and (a) is a side view of the chain case on the right side. 3 pieces are a plan sectional view of the mounting position where the collars are generally cut out, (b) is a plane sectional view of the mounting position where 2 collars are provided on the right side of the chain case, and (c) is a plane sectional view of the mounting position where 1 collar is provided on the right side of the chain case.
(d) is a plan sectional view of the mounting position where the collar is not provided on the right side of the chain case; FIG. 12 is a fertilizer flow diagram showing the flow of fertilizer;
Section 13 is a schematic plan view showing the distribution valve and the vibrator part, and Fig. 14 is a diagram showing the vibrator and joint part, (a)
is a partial front sectional view thereof, (b) is a partial side sectional view thereof,
FIG. 15 is a fertilizer flow diagram similar to FIG. 12 showing another embodiment.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A fertilizer application machine comprising a fertilizer application section having a nozzle for dispensing fertilizer into the ground, and a ground work section for sowing seeds or seedlings in a field, wherein the nozzle is A fertilizer application machine characterized by being arranged so as to apply dots to seeds or seedlings sown in a ground work section at different distances from side to side and at different depths from top to bottom.