JPH0445491A - Digital special effect device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To generate a read-out address by rotating each part of an X-Y plane in the different directions, respectively by converting an address of at least one side in an X address and a Y address to an absolute value and executing an address operation, and adding a code before the absolute value conversion to the read-out address of the side converted to the absolute value in the read- out address. CONSTITUTION:By operating a Y absolute value converter 14, a Y address (y) is converted to an absolute value ¦y¦, and an X address (x) is not converted to an absolute value and each of them is sent out to an address computing element 16. On the other hand, a constant generator 15 receives rotation angle information SR, rotates it in a three-dimensional space and sets constants A - F, P, Q, and K required for an affine transformation operation for mapping it to the X-Y plane, and sends them out to the computing element 16. The computing element 16 calculates A.x+B.¦y¦+C by multiplying circuits 21, 22 and adding circuits 27, 30, and calculates D.x+E.¦y¦+F by multiplying circuits 23, 24 and adding circuits 28, 31, and calculates P.x+Q.¦y¦+K by multiplying circuits 25, 26 and adding circuits 29, 32. An inverse number generating circuit 33 outputs an inverse number of P.x+Q.¦y¦+K to the multiplying circuit.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a digital special effects device, and more particularly to a digital special effects device that can obtain the effect of rotating an input image in a three-dimensional space and mapping it onto a plane.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, this type of digital special effects device has a memory section that stores one frame of image signals in the order of input;
The read address generated by the read address generation section includes a write address generation section that generates an address for writing an image signal to the memory, and a read address generation section that generates an address for reading the image signal from the memory. By reading the image signal from the memory in accordance with the image, a special effect is obtained in which the image is rotated in three-dimensional space and mapped onto a plane. This read address generation unit calculates constants that are elements of affine transformation from the rotation angle information of the image, and calculates constants that are elements of affine transformation from the rotation angle information of the image,
An X read address and a Y read address are generated by multiplying the X address and Y address corresponding to the plane by an affine transformation matrix having constants as constituent elements.

When generating a read address, a conversion operation is performed for coordinate transformation of rotation in three-dimensional space and perspective transformation to the X-Y plane for the X address and Y address corresponding to the two-dimensional X-Y plane. In this case, an inverse transformation matrix is set based on elements that are set in advance for each frame according to the rotation angle, and the read address is calculated by multiplying the X address and Y address corresponding to the screen by this inverse transformation matrix. are doing. Here, X address x, Y
Address y, constants A, B, C that are elements of affine transformation
, D, E, F, P, Q, with X read address U and Y read address V, by performing the calculation of the following equation,
The effect is obtained by rotating the image in three-dimensional space and mapping it onto a plane.

U=(A-x+B-y+C)/(P・x+Q・y
+-K)...-(1) V=(D-x+E-y+F)BaP・x+Q・y-)-
K)...(2) [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The above-mentioned conventional digital special effects device does not perform rotation in three-dimensional space with respect to the X address and Y address corresponding to the X-Y plane. When generating a read address by performing coordinate transformation and perspective transformation to the , with the center of the image as the origin, the horizontal direction as the X axis, and the vertical direction as the Y axis.
It is not possible to rotate the image in different directions for each part of the X-Y plane, which is the axis.
) is a diagram showing an example of a conventional effect image;
is an input image, and FIG. 9B is an effect image obtained by rotating the input image around the Y axis and then further rotating around the X axis. When an image is divided into upper and lower parts around the X-axis, the upper image and the lower image can be rotated in one direction, but they cannot be rotated in different directions.

An object of the present invention is to provide a digital special effects device that can rotate each part of the XY plane in different directions with the center of the image as the origin.

[Means to solve the problem]

The digital special effects device of the present invention includes: a memory unit that stores one frame of an image signal; a write address generation unit that generates an address for writing the image signal into the memory;
In a digital special effects device comprising a read address generation section that generates an address for reading an image signal from a memory, the read address generation section has an origin at the center of the image, an X axis in the horizontal direction, and a Y axis in the vertical direction. an XY address generator that generates an X address and a Y address corresponding to the x-y plane; and an XY address generator connected to the output side of the XY address generator to generate at least one of the X address and Y address absolutely An absolute value converter that converts into a value and outputs it, a constant generator that generates a constant for affine transformation from rotation angle information of an image, and an affine transformer that uses the constant as an element for the address output by the absolute value converter. an address calculator that performs conversion processing to generate an X read address and an X read address; and an address calculator connected to the output side of the address calculator to generate
A code that receives an address and a Y address, adds a code before absolute value conversion to the X read address and the read address of the X read address that has been converted to an absolute value by the absolute value converter, and outputs the resultant code. This configuration includes an adder. Further, the absolute value converter is configured to
The code adder performs absolute value conversion on the specified address among the address and Y address, and the sign adder
It may be configured such that a designated code is added to the X read address and a designated read address of the X read addresses.

〔Example〕

Next, the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, and shows a read address generation section of a digital special effects device. In the same figure, the X address and Y address corresponding to the X-Y plane with the origin at the center of the image are
X and Y address generators 11 and 12 that generate addresses respectively; Constants A, B, C, and D become elements of affine transformation according to SR.

A constant generator 15 that generates E, F, P, Q, and K, and an address calculator that performs affine transformation processing using the constants as elements on the X address and Y address to generate an X read address and an X read address. 16. An X and Y code adder that receives the X read address, the X read address, the X address, and the Y address, respectively, adds the code before absolute value conversion to the read address on the side converted to an absolute value, and outputs it. 17.18.

Next, the operation will be explained. - As an example, a case will be described in which an image is displayed while being rotated around the X-axis in a three-dimensional space.

The X address generator 11 and the Y address generator 12 are
An X address X and a Y address y are generated based on timing pulses ST corresponding to horizontal and vertical synchronization of the image signal, respectively, and sent to absolute value converters 13 and 14, respectively. In this case, the Y absolute value converter 14 is operated to
The address y is converted into an absolute value 1yl, and the address
Send to. On the other hand, the constant generator 15 outputs rotation angle information SR.
constants A, B, C, D, and E necessary for affine transformation operations to rotate and map in three-dimensional space to the X-Y plane.
, F, P, Q, and K are set and sent to the address calculator 16.

The address calculator 16 calculates A-x+B·y1moC using a multiplier circuit 21.22 and an adder circuit 27.30, and also uses a multiplier circuit 23.24 and an adder circuit 28.31.
Then, calculate D −x+E・,y1+F, and similarly,
By the multiplier circuit 25°26 and the adder circuit 29.32,
Calculate P.X+Q.lyl+K. Reciprocal number generation circuit 33
is the multiplication circuit 34 by the reciprocal of P −x+Q-1yl +
and output to 35. Multiplying circuits 34 and 35
Read address x r ・(A-x + B ・ly
l + C) / (P-x + Q・lyl K)
-(3)X read address 3't -(D-x+E
・lyl +F)/ (P −x+Q ・lyl
+K) -44) respectively. In this case, since the calculation is performed using the absolute value 1yl of the Y address, coordinate transformation is performed on the positive direction portion of the Y axis, and the perspective transformation result on the two-dimensional plane becomes symmetrical about the X axis.

The X and Y code adders 17 and 18 read the read address
i, 3't and addresses x, y respectively,
In this case, the Y code adder 18 uses the X read address y1.
At the same time, the X code adder 17 adds the code before absolute value conversion to the X read address V and outputs it as the X read address V, and the X code adder 17 outputs the X read address X as the X read address U without adding a sign. do. By adding a sign to the X read address y in this way, the image in the positive direction of the Y axis will be rotated in the specified direction around the X axis, and the image in the negative direction of the Y axis will be rotated in the opposite direction. Read addresses U and V that give the effect of rotating are generated.

FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b) are diagrams showing examples of effect images according to the present invention, where (a) is an input image, and FIG. 2(b) is an input image rotated around the Y axis. This is an effect image further rotated around the X axis.

When an image is divided into upper and lower parts around the X axis, an effect can be obtained in which the upper image and the lower image are rotated in different directions.

Note that the absolute value converters 13 and 14 each perform absolute value conversion according to instructions from the outside, and the sign adder 17
．． 18, if it is possible to add a code according to an instruction from the outside, it is possible to obtain even more diversified image effects.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the present invention, before performing the address calculation, at least one of the X address and the Y address is converted to an absolute value, and the address calculation is performed.
Also, after address calculation, the code before absolute value conversion is added to the read address on the side of the read address that has been converted to an absolute value, so each part of the X-Y plane with the center of the image as the origin is moved in a different direction. It is possible to generate a read address that gives a rotating effect. Furthermore, by converting to an absolute value in response to an external instruction and adding a specified code in accordance with an external instruction, it is possible to obtain a variety of image effects.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 (a>, (
b) is a diagram showing an example of an effect image according to the present invention, and FIG.
Figures a) and (b) are diagrams showing examples of conventional effect images. 11...X address generator, 12...Y address generator, 13...X absolute value converter, 14...Y absolute value converter, 15...constant number generator, 16... Address calculator, 17--X code adder, 18--Y code adder.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A memory unit that stores one frame of image signals, a write address generation unit that generates an address for writing the image signal into the memory, and an address for reading the image signal from the memory. In the digital special effects device, the readout address generation section is configured to generate an X-Y plane corresponding to an Address and Y
an XY address generator that generates addresses, and an absolute value converter that is connected to the output side of the XY address generator and converts at least one of the X address and Y address into an absolute value and outputs the absolute value; A constant generator that generates a constant for affine transformation from rotation angle information of an image, and an affine transformation process using the constant as an element for the address output by the absolute value converter to obtain an X read address and a Y read address. an address calculator that generates an address; and an address calculator connected to the output side of the address calculator to generate the
Read address and Y read address and the XY
Receives an X address and a Y address from an address generator, and adds a sign before absolute value conversion to the read address of the X read address and Y read address that has been converted to an absolute value by the absolute value converter. 1. A digital special effects device, comprising: a code adder for outputting a code. 2. The absolute value converter performs absolute value conversion on the specified address among the X address and Y address, and the sign adder performs absolute value conversion on the specified address among the X read address and Y read address. 2. The digital special effects apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a specified code is added to the read address on the specified side.