JPH0443816A - Engine using fuel diffused by collision - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To properly mix fuel with air so as to improve a combustion efficiency by providing a controller which controls the heating condition of a heating element in response to a detection signal of a sensor fro detecting the operation condition of an engine. CONSTITUTION:At the time of starting an engine or the time of a partial load, a piston 15 is raised and fuel is injected from the injection hole 11 of a fuel injection nozzle 4 in the vicinity of an upper dead center. And also the heater 12 of a plate 5 is electrified by the command of a controller 20, so that the plate 5 may be heated. The fuel injected from the injection hole 11 is collided with the collision face 7 of the plate 5. The fuel collided is diffused in a disc- shaped fuel film, and a strong squishy air flow to a combustion chamber 2 crosses a disk-shaped thin film orthogonally. Mixture of air and the fuel is thus promoted. The optimum mixture formation is performed, so that a proper combustion condition can be secured.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a fuel impingement diffusion type engine in which fuel injected from a fuel injection nozzle directly impinges on a collision surface located within a combustion chamber.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, engine combustion chambers are typically of the direct injection type and the pre-chamber type.

A direct injection combustion chamber achieves mixing of fuel and air by the injection energy of fuel injected from a fuel injection nozzle and the swirl and squish flow formed within the combustion chamber to form a flammable mixture. However, the direct injection combustion chamber has the problem of reduced intake efficiency due to swirl generation, and in order to atomize the fuel spray and increase penetration power, the fuel injection nozzle must be pressurized to a high pressure. It must be configured to have a high injection rate.1. The problem is that the structure becomes complicated.

Further, the pre-chamber type combustion chamber achieves mixing of fuel oil droplets and air by a high swirl formed in the pre-chamber to form a flammable air-fuel mixture. The pre-chamber type combustion chamber has the problem that a high swirl is formed in the pre-chamber, and the total heat transfer area of the main chamber and the sub-chamber increases, increasing heat loss. There is a problem in that the aperture loss due to the communication hole that takes a long route between the chamber and the chamber increases.

Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, we developed a direct injection collision diffusion stratified air supply system that uses collision jets of fuel.
An engine with a 03KA type combustion chamber is disclosed.

This 03KA type engine has a recess formed in the piston, that is, a collision part protruding from the center of the bottom of the cavity, a concave combustion chamber is formed around the collision part, and liquid fuel injected from a fuel injection nozzle is transferred to the collision part. The collision effect of the fuel jet on the collision part causes diffusion and atomization of the fuel starting from the collision surface, thereby achieving good mixing of the fuel and air. In an engine with a combustion chamber as described above, the fuel injected from the single-hole nozzle of the fuel injection nozzle collides with the flat collision surface of the collision part of the piston head and is dispersed in a disk shape, and then is dispersed by the rise of the piston. While the fuel is pushed down into the cavity by the flowing squish flow, the fuel and air are mixed to form an air-fuel mixture.

The above-mentioned fuel collision diffusion type engines are disclosed, for example, in JP-A-5140209, JP-A-63-120815, JP-A-62-139921, and JP-A-63-139921.
There is one disclosed in Publication No. 1710.

In addition, it was used as a fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines in 1985.
There is one disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 2458.

The fuel injection valve of the internal combustion engine has an obstruction coaxially provided in front of the injection port.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

By the way, in an engine using a piston equipped with the above-mentioned 03KA type combustion chamber, the collision surface on which the fuel injected from the single-hole nozzle collides is a flat collision surface of the piston head, and the fuel collides with the flat collision surface of the piston head. However, due to the upward stroke of the piston, a squish flow is generated into the combustion chamber, and this squish flow generates a thin film disc-shaped mixture of fuel and air to improve combustion conditions. It is. However, when the engine is started and under partial load, the collision surface is in a low temperature state, and when fuel collides with the collision surface, a good disk-shaped fuel thin film is not formed, and the fuel adheres and forms deposits. However, there is a problem in that an effective diffusion distribution of fuel spray cannot be obtained due to carbon deposits on the collision surface, resulting in deterioration of combustion efficiency.

Furthermore, in order to inject fuel onto the impact surface and form a good disk-shaped fuel film, the speed of the fuel jet that impinges on the impact plate must be slowed down, but as a result, the liquid fuel flowing along the impact surface In other words, the flow of the disc-shaped fuel becomes slower, and in the case of light oil with good ignitability, it may ignite before a sufficient mixture with air is formed, resulting in poor combustion conditions.

The purpose of this invention is to solve the above problems,
A combustion chamber is formed in the piston head, a support extends downward from the norinda head facing the combustion chamber, a collision plate with a fuel collision surface is attached to the lower end of the support, and a collision plate with a fuel collision surface is attached to the bottom end of the support. A fuel injection nozzle that injects liquid fuel is placed in the cylinder head on the same axis as the collision plate, and fuel is injected from the fuel injection nozzle onto the collision surface, and the injected liquid fuel collides and spreads uniformly in a disk shape. In particular, in order to configure the collision plate as a heating element, a heater is disposed on the collision plate, a bottle-type single-hole nozzle is used as the fuel injection nozzle, and the engine is responsive to engine starting and partial load detection signals. Heater i! The fuel from the nozzle holes is ignited and combusted by colliding with the heated collision plate, and in response to the high-quality VI detection signal, the heater is turned off and the fuel is injected onto the collision surface to form a disc-shaped fuel thin film. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fuel impingement diffusion type engine that forms a combustion chamber and achieves good mixing of air and fuel flowing into a combustion chamber in a squishy flow.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is configured as follows. That is, the present invention includes a combustion chamber formed in a piston head, a plate that can enter the combustion chamber near the top dead center of the piston and is attached to the cylinder head, and a nozzle hole that opens opposite to the collision surface of the plate. A fuel injection nozzle provided and attached to the cylinder head, a heating element provided on the plate, a sensor that detects the operating state of the engine, and a controller that controls the heating state of the heating element in response to a detection signal from the sensor. The present invention relates to a fuel impingement diffusion engine having a fuel impingement diffusion type engine.

Further, in this fuel collision diffusion type engine, the plate is made of a ceramic material, and the heating element is a heater coil disposed on the plate.

Furthermore, in this fuel impingement diffusion engine, the controller energizes the heating element in response to a start or partial load detection signal from the sensor, and de-energizes the heating element in response to a high load detection signal. This is to control the

[Effect]

The fuel impingement diffusion type engine according to the present invention is constructed as described above and operates as follows. That is, this fuel collision diffusion type engine has a plate attached to the cylinder head that can plunge into the combustion chamber formed in the piston head near the top dead center of the piston, and is provided with nozzle holes that open opposite the collision surface of the plate. A fuel injection nozzle is attached to the cylinder head, and in particular, the heating state of the heater is controlled in response to a detection signal from a sensor that detects the operating state of the engine by controlling a heating element, that is, a heater, provided on the plate according to a command from a controller. When the temperature is low, such as when the engine is started or under partial load, the heater is energized by a command from the controller to heat the plate, and the fuel injected from the fuel injection nozzle is transferred to the plate in which the heater is embedded. A disk-shaped fuel film is formed by colliding with the collision surface, and the squish flow generated by the rising piston crosses the disk-shaped fuel film, achieving good mixing of fuel and air, ensuring ignition and combustion at the optimum time. can be done.

In addition, when the load is high, since the plate is in a high temperature state, there is no need to heat the plate, and the heater is turned off and fuel is impingement-injected from a fuel injection nozzle onto the collision surface of the plate in a high-temperature state. The fuel is diffused radially outward along the impingement surface to form a disk-shaped fuel film, and a strong squish flow intersects the disk-shaped fuel film to promote mixing of the fuel and air, resulting in combustion. combustion efficiency can be improved.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the fuel collision-diffusion engine according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of a fuel collision-diffusion engine according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line 1--2 in FIG.

As shown in Figure 1, this fuel impingement-diffusion engine is
A cylinder block 9, a cylinder head 3 having an intake/exhaust boat 6 fixed to the cylinder block 9, a piston 15 reciprocating within the cylinder provided in the cylinder block 9, and combustion formed in the piston head portion l of the piston 15. Room? , and a nozzle hole 11 on the lower surface of the cylinder hood 3.
It has a fuel injection nozzle 4 that opens.

In particular, this fuel collision diffusion type engine has a fuel injection nozzle 4 disposed on the lower surface of the cylinder head 3 facing the combustion chamber 2 formed in the piston head portion l of the piston 15, and a fuel injection nozzle 4 disposed downwardly on the same axis as the fuel injection nozzle 4. A disc-shaped plate 5 is provided in a protruding manner. This plate 5 is fitted with a gasket 4A in a hole 13 formed in the cylinder head 3.
It is supported by a ring part 14 disposed through the ring part 14 and three support legs 8 which are integrally structured with the ring part 14 and extend downward. The fuel injection nozzle 4 passes through a hole 13 formed in the cylinder head 3 and is disposed coaxially with the ring part 14 and on the upper surface of the ring part 14 via a gasket 4A. A hole 11 is opened to face the central portion of the plate 5. The plate 5 is set at a position where it projects into the combustion chamber 2 formed in the piston head portion 1 of the piston 15 from the opening 10 near the top dead center of the piston.

This fuel collision diffusion type engine is particularly characterized in that a heater 12 is embedded in the plate 5, and the temperature of the collision surface 7 of the plate 5 is controlled by controlling the heater 12 on and off depending on the operating state of the engine. ing. This heater 12 is
A current is applied through a line extending from the terminal 17 to the connecting tube 19, the ring portion 14, and the support leg 8. The plate 5 is made of a ceramic material, such as silicon nitride (SisNn) or silicon carbide (SiC), which has high heat resistance and can reach high temperatures. Heater 12 on plate 5
To provide a In this case, the contact point of the line and the tungsten coil at the connection part 16 between the connecting tube 19 and the ring part 14 are coated with a metal material such as copper or silver, and the tungsten coil is coated with a metal material such as copper or silver. It is preferable to configure the structure to prevent oxidation.

In this fuel collision diffusion type engine, the heater 12 of the plate 5 is controlled to be energized or de-energized by a command from the controller 20, and is heated or not heated.

This heater 12 is positioned so as to receive fuel injection from a single hole 11 of a fuel injection nozzle 4, which will be described later. The fuel collision surface 7 of the plate 5 is formed into a circular smooth surface. Therefore, when the plate 5 enters the combustion chamber 2 near the top dead center of the piston, the fuel injection nozzle 4
Fuel is injected from the nozzle holes 11 to the collision surface 7 of the plate 5, and the fuel that collides with the collision surface 7 becomes a disk-shaped fuel film along the radial outward direction of the collision surface 7 and diffuses into the combustion chamber 2. be able to. In addition, the squish flow toward the combustion chamber 2 generated by the rise of the piston 15 is as shown by the arrow.
It flows into the combustion chamber 2. Therefore, the strong squish flow of air into the combustion chamber 2 and the disk-shaped fuel film intersect in a perpendicular state, promoting the mixing of air and fuel, forming an optimal mixture, and then igniting and burning, resulting in good A good combustion condition can be ensured. Moreover, when the load is high, the combustion chamber 2 is in a high temperature state, and therefore the collision surface 7 of the plate 5 is high temperature, so after the fuel collides with the collision surface 7, the fuel attached to the collision surface 7 is quickly removed. The collision surface 7 is always kept flat without evaporating, mixing is promoted by a strong squish flow, combustion is not delayed, HC etc. are generated and carbon is not deposited, and the collision surface 7 is always kept flat. is possible,
The impingement fuel can form a good disk-shaped fuel film.

By the way, when the engine is started or under partial load, the combustion chamber 2 is not in a high temperature state, and the collision surface 7 of the plate 5 is also not in a high temperature state.If fuel collides with the plate 5 in a low temperature state, the collision surface Since the fuel adhering to the fuel tank 7 cannot be quickly evaporated, it becomes a cause of carbon adhesion, and good mixing of fuel and air cannot be expected.

Therefore, when the engine is started or under partial load, the piston 15 rises and the nozzle hole 1 of the fuel injection nozzle 4 reaches near the top dead center.
Start injecting fuel from 1.

Moreover, the heater 12 of the plate 5 heats the plate 5 by 1 itL according to a command from the controller 20. Therefore, the fuel injected from the nozzle holes 11 is caused to collide with the collision surface 7 of the plate 5. The fuel that collided with the collision surface 7 becomes a disc-shaped fuel film and is diffused, and the strong air flow into the combustion chamber 2 and the disc-shaped fuel thin film intersect at right angles.
Mixing of air and fuel is promoted, an optimal air-fuel mixture is formed, and then ignition and combustion occur to ensure good combustion conditions.

Next, an example of operation (7) of this fuel collision-diffusion type engine will be explained with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a process flow diagram showing an example of the operation of the fuel collision-diffusion type engine shown in FIG.

In this fuel impingement diffusion engine, the fuel injection nozzle 4 is controlled by a controller 20 in response to the operating state of the engine.
The heater 12 of the plate 5 is controlled to be heated in accordance with the command. That is, this fuel impingement diffusion type engine is provided with a load sensor 18 for detecting the engine load L1 in order to detect the temperature of the combustion chamber 2, that is, the temperature of the plate 5. This load sensor 18 can be configured, for example, with a sensor that detects the amount of depression of the accelerator pedal or the flow rate of fuel injected from the fuel injection nozzle 4, and the engine load L1 is determined by the amount of depression of the accelerator pedal or the amount of fuel This can be detected by detecting the fuel injection flow rate from the injection nozzle 4. In some cases, the temperature of the combustion chamber 2, i.e. the plate 5
It is also possible to detect the temperature of

First, regarding the operation of this fuel impingement diffusion type engine, it is determined whether or not the engine is at the time of starting (step 40). If the engine is at the time of starting, the process proceeds to step 45; if not at the time of starting, the load Engine load Lt is detected by sensor 18 (step 41). The detection signal of the detected engine load Lt is sent to the controller 20
The controller 20 receives a load of the input detection signal and a predetermined load. . (step 42).

First, if the engine load is larger than the predetermined load LEII, the combustion chamber 2 and the plate 5 are in a high temperature state (step 43), so it is necessary to energize the heater 12 of the plate 5 to heat the collision surface 7. Therefore, the heater 12 is turned off (step 44), and the liquid fuel injected from the injection hole 11 of the fuel injection nozzle 4 is caused to collide with the collision surface 7 of the plate 5 near the top dead center of the piston. Collision surface 7
The liquid fuel injected into the contact surface 7 well diffuses outward in the radial direction along the high-temperature collision surface 7 to form a disk-shaped fuel film. Therefore, the disk-shaped fuel film generates a good mixture with the air flowing into the combustion chamber 2 with a strong squish flow, and ignites and burns it.

In addition, when the engine starts or when the engine load L□ is smaller than the predetermined load L1°, the combustion chamber 2 and the plate 5
is not in a high temperature state (step 45), so the switch of the heater 7 is turned on (step 146), and the heater 12 is energized to heat the plate 5 (step 47). The fuel injected from the nozzle hole 11 of the fuel injection nozzle 4 is caused to collide near the dead center.

The liquid fuel flows radially outward along the collision surface 7 of the plate 5 and is diffused into a disk-shaped fuel film, which is mixed with air by a squish flow into the combustion chamber 2 and ignited and burned. .

Next, another embodiment of the fuel impingement diffusion type engine according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing another embodiment of the fuel impingement diffusion type engine according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line v--■ in FIG. 4. The fuel impingement diffusion type engine of this example has the same parts and functions as those of the above example except for the slightly different structure of the fuel injection nozzle and plate and the point plate equipped with the cooling water temperature sensor. Therefore, the same parts are given the same reference numerals and redundant explanations will be omitted.

In this fuel collision-diffusion type engine, the nozzle body 26 that constitutes the fuel injection nozzle 24 and the plate 25 that constitutes the heating element are integrally constructed. The fuel injection nozzle 24 consists of a needle valve 23 and a nozzle body 26 that move up and down within the nozzle body 26, and the nozzle body 26 is formed with a nozzle hole 21 that opens when the needle valve 23 moves upward. This nozzle hole 21 is formed relatively long. The plate 25 is integrally fixed to the nozzle body 26 by three support legs 28. Further, the distance between the lower end surface of the nozzle hole 21 formed in the nozzle body 26 and the collision surface 27 of the plate 25 is configured to be a relatively short distance.

As a result, the injected fuel injected from the nozzle hole 21 immediately collides with the collision surface 27 of the plate 25 after exiting the nozzle hole 21, so that a good disk-shaped outward flow can be formed regardless of the jet velocity, and before ignition. Good mixing of fuel and air can be achieved.

The plate 25 also includes a collision surface 2 facing the nozzle hole 21.
7 is formed. Further, a heater 22 is embedded in the plate 25, and the heater 22 is as follows.
This is equivalent to the heater 12 of the above embodiment. As in the above embodiment, for the heater 22, the controller 3
The configuration is such that current is supplied from a power source 32 by turning on and off a relay or switch 31 in response to a command of 0. Detection signals from the temperature sensor 29 that detects the engine coolant temperature and the load sensor 18 that detects the engine load are input to the controller 30, and the controller 30 receives these detection signals and controls the heater 22.
It is configured to perform on/off control.

Therefore, when the engine is under partial load or when the combustion chamber 2 is at a low temperature, the heater 22, which is a heating element provided in the plate 25, is energized to heat the plate 25 and raise the temperature of the collision surface 27 of the plate 25. A fuel vapor layer is formed between the fuel flow and the collision surface 27, and the disk-shaped fuel flow reaches the outer periphery of the collision surface 27 without deceleration, so that a good disk is formed from the collision surface 27 into the combustion chamber 2. The fuel is injected in the form of a shaped fuel film, and is printed so that subsequent air-fuel mixture formation is facilitated.

Next, an example of the operation of the fuel collision diffusion type engine of this embodiment will be explained with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is a processing flow diagram showing an example of the operation of the fuel collision-diffusion type engine of FIG. 4.

In this fuel impingement diffusion engine, the fuel injection nozzle 24 is injected into the controller 3 in response to engine operating conditions.
The heater 22 of the plate 25 is controlled to be heated by a command of 0.

That is, this fuel impingement diffusion type engine is provided with a load sensor 18 for detecting the engine load Lt in order to detect the temperature of the combustion chamber 2, that is, the temperature of the plate 25. This load sensor 18 is similar to the above embodiment. Furthermore, a temperature sensor 29 is provided to detect the cooling water temperature TE. That is, by detecting the cooling water temperature T with the temperature sensor 29, the temperature of the combustion chamber 2, and therefore the temperature of the plate 25, can be indirectly detected.

First, regarding the operation of this fuel collision diffusion type engine, in order to detect the temperature of the plate 25 that can enter the combustion chamber 2, the temperature T of the cooling water is detected by the temperature sensor 29 (step 50). A detection signal of temperature T is input to the controller 30. Further, the engine load LE is detected by the load sensor 18 (step 51), and a detection signal of the detected engine load LE is input to the controller 30.

Therefore, the controller 30 uses the coolant temperature Tt of the manually input detection signal and a predetermined coolant temperature T, which is set in advance. (step 52).

The detected cooling water temperature TE is a predetermined cooling water temperature T.

If greater than the detected engine load.

detection signal and a predetermined load. (step 53).

The detected cooling water temperature T1 is a predetermined cooling water temperature T. and engine load, t is a predetermined load. If it is larger, the combustion chamber 2 and the plate 25 are in a high temperature state (step 54), so there is no need to energize the heater 22 of the plate 25 to heat the collision surface 27.
The switch of the heater 22, ie, the relay 31, is turned off (step 55).

Liquid fuel injected from the injection hole 21 of the fuel injection nozzle 24 near the top dead center of the piston collides with the collision surface 27 of the plate 25. The liquid fuel injected onto the collision surface 27 is well diffused radially outward along the high-temperature collision surface 27 to form a disk-shaped fuel film. Therefore, the disk-shaped fuel film generates a good mixture with the air flowing into the combustion chamber 2 with a strong squish flow, and ignites and burns it.

Also, the detected cooling water temperature T is a predetermined cooling water temperature T,
. and the engine load LE is a predetermined load. If not, the combustion chamber 2 and the plate 25 are not in a hot state but in a cold state (step 56
), turn on the switch of the heater 22, that is, the relay 31 (step 57), and turn on the heater 22 to turn on the plate 2.
5 (step 58). heated plate 2
The fuel injected from the nozzle hole 21 of the fuel injection nozzle 24 is caused to collide with the collision surface 27 of the fuel injection nozzle 24 near the top dead center of the piston. The liquid fuel flows radially outward on the collision surface 27 of the plate 25 and is diffused into a disc-shaped fuel film, which is mixed with air by a squish flow into the combustion chamber 2 and ignited. let

〔Effect of the invention〕

The fuel collision diffusion type engine according to the present invention is configured as described above, and has the following effects. That is, this fuel collision diffusion type engine has a plate that can plunge into the combustion chamber formed in the piston head near the top dead center of the piston, and is attached to the cylinder head, and a nozzle hole that opens opposite to the collision surface of the plate. and a fuel injection nozzle attached to the cylinder head, a heating element provided on the plate, a sensor for detecting the operating state of the engine, and a controller for controlling the heating state of the heating element in response to a detection signal from the sensor. Therefore, the temperature of the collision surface of the plate can always be adjusted to the optimum temperature by turning on and off the heating element according to the operating state of the engine, and the liquid fuel that has collided with the collision surface can be moved along the collision surface. It is possible to diffuse the fuel radially outwards well and always form a good disk-shaped fuel film inside the combustion chamber. Therefore,
Colliding liquid fuel does not adhere to the collision surface and carbon does not adhere to the collision surface, and can always diffuse well along the collision surface to form a disk-shaped fuel film, and the disk-shaped fuel The film can always achieve good mixture formation with the squish flow that flows into the combustion chamber near the top dead center of the piston, and can improve combustion conditions in all operating regions of the engine.

That is, if the temperature of the combustion chamber is low, such as when the engine is started or under partial load, the heater may be energized by a command from the controller to heat the plate and raise the temperature of the collision surface. When the fuel injected from the fuel injection nozzle collides with the collision surface, the liquid fuel slightly evaporates on the collision surface to form a fuel vapor layer between the fluid fuel and the surface of the collision surface. , it is possible to smoothly flow outward in the radial direction on the collision surface without reducing the flow velocity, and form a disc-shaped fuel film in the combustion chamber. Therefore, the squish flow into the combustion chamber generated by the rising of the piston intersects with this disc-shaped fuel film, achieving good mixing of fuel and air, and ensuring ignition and combustion at the optimum time.

Further, when the load is high, since the plate is in a high temperature state, there is no need to heat the plate, and the heater is turned off and fuel is collidingly injected from a fuel injection nozzle onto the collision surface of the plate in a high temperature state, The liquid fuel is spread radially outward along the impingement surface to form a good disc-shaped fuel film in the combustion chamber, and a strong squish flow intersects the disc-shaped fuel film to mix the fuel and air. It is possible to promote mixing of substances, promote combustion, and improve combustion efficiency.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the fuel impingement-diffusion engine according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line t in FIG. FIG. 4 is a process flow diagram showing an example of the operation; FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing another embodiment of the fuel collision-diffusion engine according to the present invention;
The figure is a sectional view taken along the line V-V in FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a processing flow diagram showing another example of the operation of the fuel collision-diffusion type engine of FIG. 4. 1-----Piston head part, 2-----One combustion chamber,
3 cylinder head, 4.24--fuel injection nozzle, 5
, 25------plate, 7, 27------
- Collision surface, 8゜28 - Support leg, 10 - Ichinoseki mouth part,
11.21 Nozzle hole, l2, 22---Heater, 1
B--Load sensor, 20, 30--1-Controller, 26-Nozzle body, 29--Temperature sensor Applicant: Isu-Hakudosha Co., Ltd. Agent Patent attorney: So Naka Onaka Figure diagram

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A combustion chamber formed in the piston head, a plate that can be inserted into the combustion chamber near the top dead center of the piston and is attached to the cylinder head, and a nozzle hole that opens opposite to the collision surface of the plate, and a fuel injection nozzle attached to the cylinder head, a heating element provided on the plate, a sensor that detects the operating state of the engine, and a controller that controls the heating state of the plate by the heating element in response to a detection signal from the sensor; A fuel impingement diffusion engine. (2) The fuel impingement diffusion engine according to claim 1, wherein the plate is made of a ceramic material, and the heating element is a heater coil disposed on the plate. (3) The controller controls to energize the heating element in response to a start or partial load detection signal from the sensor, and to de-energize the heating element in response to a high load detection signal. 1. The fuel impingement diffusion engine according to 1.