JPH0442044B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention particularly relates to a filtration device suitable for use in removing solid pollutants suspended in liquids and gases.

[Conventional technology]

In general, various types of solid pollutants are suspended or floating in wastewater, and if these are left as they are, they will have a negative impact on the treatment of the wastewater, so it is necessary to filter them before treatment. Efforts are being made to remove sexual pollutants.

However, conventional filtration devices employ filter media made of metal (particularly sintered metal), ceramics, plastic, cloth, etc., and each time filtration is performed for a certain period of time, the cleaning water is flowed in the opposite direction to that during filtration. Because it was used after washing, it was difficult to use it for the above purpose.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

That is, in conventional filtration devices, the filter medium is hard and thick made of the material described above, so no matter how much slag filtration is performed or the backwashing is performed, clogging cannot be avoided. Once clogging occurs, not only will the efficiency of filtration decrease, but the diameter of the filter holes will not change, making backwashing impossible. Replacement is essential and extremely troublesome, especially when the filter medium is made of sintered metal or other material with a complicated internal structure.

Additionally, since the filter medium itself is generally heavy, the filtration device itself has a large capacity, and the lack of flexibility in the structure of the filter medium imposes many restrictions on the overall format and method of the filtration device. Difficulties were also pointed out.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention was made with the aim of solving the above-mentioned difficulties of the prior art, and its structure uses a filter medium formed by drilling an appropriate number of through holes of an appropriate diameter in a retractable base, and , near the filter medium,
A support plate is provided to regulate the degree of expansion and contraction,
It is characterized in that the through hole is enlarged during backwashing, and is reduced after backwashing is completed.

〔Example〕

Next, an example of implementation of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a filter medium used in the present invention, which is formed by punching an appropriate number of through holes 3 of an appropriate diameter in a freely expandable base 2. This filtration device filters a liquid containing solid pollutants, and enlarges the through hole 3 during backwashing, and reduces the through hole 3 when filtering again after the end of backwashing.

There are various materials for forming the filter medium 1, such as silicone rubber, urethane rubber, butadiene rubber, polyvinyl alcohol, natural rubber, butyl rubber, polypropylene rubber, etc. alone or in combination, or in combination with them. Examples include those mixed with other plastics, and the elongation rate is preferably 5% to 100%, and it is desirable that the elongation completely return to the original state after elongation.

Furthermore, a filter medium 1 formed of the above-mentioned material
Specifically, it has a through hole 3 with a pore diameter of about 10 μm or more and 100 μm or less, which communicates directly to the back surface, a thickness of 1 mm or less, and a membrane surface porosity of 5% or more, but is not limited to this. It never happens.

The material forming the filter medium 1 is soft, and the extent of its expansion and contraction changes due to slight pressure fluctuations, causing the through holes 3 to expand and contract.In order to prevent this, the filtration device of the present invention has the following steps. As shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b, a support plate 4 made of a porous material is provided near the filter medium 1. Specifically, one support plate 4a of the support plates 4 is disposed in the vicinity of the filter medium 1. However, the other support plate 4b is arranged a little apart from the filter medium 1 so that the degree of expansion and contraction of the filter medium 1 can be controlled.

The other support plate 4b may have a shape that roughly follows the shape of the filter medium 1 when it is expanded (indicated by a dotted line), as shown in FIG.

In addition, in the filtration device of the present invention, as described above, the degree of expansion and contraction of the filter medium 1 is regulated by the support plate 4, but since the filter medium 1 is expandable and contractable, some physical force, For example, the diameter of the through holes 3 can be adjusted by applying a tensile force to the filter medium 1.

[Action of the invention]

In the filtration device of the present invention constructed as described above, as shown in FIG. 2a, if raw water is supplied so that the filter medium 1 does not expand, the diameter of the through-hole 3 does not change, but As shown in Figure 2, when the filter medium 1 is moved by supplying wash water for backwashing, the filter medium 1 expands because its ends are fixed (not shown), and the through holes 3 open. Expanding.

In the filtration device of the present invention, the degree of expansion and contraction of the filter medium can be adjusted by appropriately adjusting the distance between one support plate 4a and the other support plate 4b of the support plates 4.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the filtration device of the present invention, when the filter medium 1 is not expanded as shown in FIG. , it cannot pass through the through hole 3, so it will be filtered out. On the other hand, even if the through hole 3 becomes clogged during this filtration process, it will not pass through the through hole 3, as shown in Fig. 2b. When backwashing is performed by flowing washing water into the filter, the filter medium 1 expands, and as a result, the through-holes 3 also expand, making it possible to perform backwashing easily and completely.

In view of this effect, the diameter of the through-holes 3 may be adjusted by applying some physical force, for example, a tensile force, to the filter medium 1 instead of using only the pressure of washing water or the like. It is also clear that

In addition, in the filtration device of the present invention, the support plate 4 is provided near the filter medium 1 to regulate the degree of expansion and contraction of the filter medium 1, so that the filter medium 1 will not be damaged even if strong pressure is applied during backwashing. Nor.

In addition, since the filter medium 1 is formed of a flexible base 2, it can be easily restored once the above-mentioned backwashing is completed and the supply of washing water is stopped, and by repeating this process, the filtration work can be continued for a long period of time. This is what makes it possible.

Furthermore, in the filtration device of the present invention, since the shape etc. of the filter medium can be freely designed, the filtration area per volume can be increased, and since the filter medium is lightweight, the overall weight can be significantly reduced. It is growing.

[Other Examples]

Therefore, the filtration device of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. For example, as shown in FIG. A plurality of filter media 1 may be arranged in 5a and 5b.

In this case, the raw water is transferred to the lower end 6 of the filtration chamber 5.
If supplied from
On the other hand, if washing water is supplied to the channel 8 side, each filter medium 1 expands and the clogging components are easily discharged together with the washing water to the channel 7 side. (Fig. 4b), and in this way, filtration and backwashing are performed alternately.

Further, in the filtration device of the present invention, the shape of the filter medium 1 can also be changed.

That is, for example, as shown in FIG.
An appropriate number of cylindrical filter media 1 are inserted into the filter media 1a, and the raw water is supplied to the channel 11 on the outside of the filter media 1a, and the washing water is supplied to the channel 12 inside.
In the filtration device of the present invention having such a configuration, when the stock solution flows from the channel 11 to the channel 12, the filter medium 1a
(Fig. 5a), and the washing water is filtered through the flow path 12.
The filter medium 1a is expanded when flowing from the filter to the filter 11, allowing complete backwashing (Fig. 5b).
It operates similarly to the previous embodiment.

Note that the other apparatuses of the present invention shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 can increase the filtration efficiency compared to the overall size of the apparatus, and these apparatuses also have the same characteristics as the above-mentioned embodiments. Similarly, a support plate 4 is provided near the filter medium 1 to regulate the degree of expansion and contraction of the filter medium 1.

Further, also in the other embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the diameter of the through hole may be adjusted by applying a physical force such as a tensile force to the filter medium 1.

Furthermore, in the case of an apparatus of the present invention having a plurality of filtration chambers, continuous filtration work can be performed by alternately supplying raw water and washing water to each filtration chamber. You can also.

For example, as shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of filter media 1 are arranged in a plurality of filter chambers 13a, b, and an opening/closing means 16 such as a solenoid valve is connected to the flow channels 14, 15 formed in this way. Raw water or washing water is supplied and discharged through the tank.

To explain the operation of the filtration device of the present invention in this case, first, for the left filtration chamber 13a, the opening/closing means 16 on the raw water supply side and discharge side are opened, and the same 16 on the wash water supply side and discharge side are closed. ,
Regarding the right filtration chamber 13b, by opening the opening/closing means 16 on the raw water supply side and the discharge side and opening the opening/closing means 16 on the washing water supply side and discharge side (Fig. 6a), the left filtration chamber 13a is opened. Filtration is performed, backwashing is performed in the right filter chamber 13b, and the opening/closing means 1
If the opening/closing state of 6 is reversed to the above (Fig. 6b),
Backwashing is performed in the filtration chamber 13a on the left, and in the filtration chamber 1 on the right.
3b, filtration is now performed, and by switching the opening/closing means 16 in this way, at least one filtration chamber is filtering the raw water, making it possible to continuously filter the raw water. There is.

As described above, the present invention is extremely excellent as a filtration device.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an example of a filter medium used in the filtration device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view showing an example of the filtration device of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a side view showing another example of the filtration device of the present invention. 4 is a side view showing another example, FIG. 5 is a side view showing another example, and FIG. 6 is a side view showing still another example. 1, 1a... filter medium, 3... through hole, 4... support plate, 5, 10, 13... filtration chamber, 7, 8, 11,
12, 14, 15...channel, 16...opening/closing means.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A filter medium formed by punching an appropriate number of through holes of an appropriate diameter in a freely expandable base, and a support plate near the filter medium for regulating the degree of expansion and contraction of the filter medium. is provided, and the through hole is enlarged during backwashing, while
A filtration device characterized by being configured to be reduced in size after backwashing is completed. 2. The filtration device according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the through hole is adjusted by applying a tensile force to the filter medium. 3. The filtration device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the filter medium has a flat plate shape. 4. The filtration device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the filter medium is cylindrical. 5. The filtration device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a plurality of filter media are arranged for a plurality of fluid channels.