JPH044025B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to means for crushing ores, construction materials, chemical components, metal pieces, etc., and in particular to a gyratory crusher.

The invention can be applied in ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, in the production of construction materials and in the chemical industry, and can be satisfactorily used for abrasive treatment and the production of metal powders.

A construction of a rotary crusher similar to the construction according to the invention is shown in USSR Inventor's Certificate No. 578098; IPCB No. 02C2/04 (1978), which prior art rotary crusher has an outer body. , in which an adjusting ring is placed, and in this ring a crushing cone is placed, which crushing cone has a bearing spherical surface and a press-fitted shaft, the upper holding part of said crushing cone is arranged in the cross section of the adjusting ring. It is placed in the body and has a removable insert and a ball joint in which the upper end of the shaft of the fracturing cone is received.
The rotary crusher further includes a cup body placed coaxially with the outer body under the crushing cone, and a thrust body having a spherical surface is placed on the bearing surface of the cup body, and the spherical is in contact engagement with the bearing spherical surface of the crushing cone, and an eccentric body and drive means for rotating the eccentric body are provided on the lower end of the shaft of the crushing cone. In order to prevent the crushing cone from becoming unstable, the rotary crusher is equipped with a ball joint and a means for moving it vertically, the axis of the crushing cone protruding from the top of the crushing cone, and the ball joint is mounted on the projecting portion of this shaft such that the distance from the spherical surface of the thrust body is equal to the radius of the sphere. In other words, the upper holding part of the crushing cone serves to prevent destabilization of the moving body of the crushing cone or of the holding cup.

This known rotary crusher construction requires a very high degree of precision in placing the ball joint at a distance from the spherical surface of the thrust body equal to the radius of that sphere. In other words, it is necessary to align the center of the sphere of the spherical holding surface of the thrust body with the center of the ball joint of the ball joint. If this alignment fails, the stable movement of the fracturing cone will be impaired, resulting in serious damage. As a result, excessive wear occurs on the spherical end of the thrust body.

The center of the sphere of the ball joint and the center of the sphere of the spherical surface of the thrust body are the same in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the rotary crusher (the coaxial center of the ball joint and the sphere of the spherical surface of the thrust body (to give) and both in the longitudinal direction (in height) must be matched. Coaxiality requires a high degree of machining precision when manufacturing the parts of the rotary crusher, and in order to align the centers of these two spheres vertically (in particular, the ball joints must be (at a distance equal to the radius of the spherical surface of the sphere), special means and high labor costs are usually required, thus making the assembly of the rotary crusher a complex and time-consuming task. Further, a spherical insert and a ball joint are placed in the hole of the cross body;
These can move axially in the hole during operation of the rotary crusher, thereby damaging the surface of the hole and thus reducing the reliability of the upper hold of the crushing cone and causing damage to the surface of the hole. As a result, the reliability of the entire rotary crusher deteriorates.

In the rotary crusher according to the present invention, even if the center of the sphere of the spherical surface of the upper holding part of the crushing cone does not coincide with the center of the sphere of the spherical surface of the thrust body, the spherical surface of the cone and the thrust body The spherical surfaces of the rotary crushers are placed in such a way that they can be perfectly aligned, thus reducing the amount of effort expended during the assembly of the rotary crusher and providing greater precision for the fabrication of the parts of the rotary crusher. is made unnecessary.

The rotary crusher according to the invention has an outer body in which an adjusting ring is placed, a crushing cone is placed in the ring, the crushing cone has a bearing spherical surface,
the upper retainer of the crushing cone having a press-fitted shaft, the upper retaining part of the crushing cone being placed in the crossbody of the adjustment ring and having a removable insert and a ball joint, the ball joint being a shaft of the crushing cone; A cup body having a bearing surface is placed coaxially with the outer body under the crushing cone, and a thrust body having a spherical surface is placed on the bearing surface of the cup body. The spherical surface of the crushing cone is in contact engagement with the bearing spherical surface of the crushing cone, and on the lower end of the shaft of the crushing cone is provided an eccentric body and eccentric drive means according to the invention, said thrust body being connected to the bearing surface of the cup body. The radius of the sphere of the sphere of the thrust body is, at any selected position of the adjustment ring, more practically than the distance from the center of the sphere of the ball joint to the sphere of the thrust body. It is small.

Preferably, the removable insert of the upper holding part of the crushing cone is fixed to the cross body of the adjusting ring, and the upper end of the shaft of the crushing cone is connected with a clearance to the ball joint.

The present invention will be explained below with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

In the figure, the rotary crusher according to the invention has an outer body 1
In the outer body 1 an adjusting ring 2 is placed, in which a crushing cone 3 is placed, the crushing cone 3 having a shaft 4 pressed into it.
The adjusting ring 2 has a cross body 5 in which the upper holder of the crushing cone 3 and the removable insert 6 and the ball joint 7 are received.
The upper end 8 of the shaft 4 of the fracturing cone 3 is placed in the ball joint 7 with a clearance fit. The outer body 1 further has a cup body 9, the cup body 9 has a bearing surface 10, a thrust body 11 having a spherical surface 12 is placed on the bearing surface 10, and the radius R of the spherical surface 12 is equal to that of the ball. It is smaller than the distance L from the center of the spherical surface of the joint 7 to the spherical surface 12 of the thrust body 11 that contacts the surface 10 of the cup body 9. The spherical surface 13 of the fracturing cone 3 has the same radius R as above and rests on the spherical surface 12 of the thrust body 11. On the lower end 14 of the shaft 4 an eccentric 15 is placed coaxially with its drive means. The driving means of the eccentric 15 may take the form of a spherical shaft or a universal joint or a resilient joint. In the illustration, the eccentric drive means is constructed as a spherical shaft means 16 having a shaft 17, a ball 18, an upper spline ring 19 and a lower spline ring 20. The eccentric drive means is connected to a motor 23 via a joint 21 made of elastic material and a transmission belt 22. The outer body 1 of the rotary crusher is a suspension means 24
The opening of the cross body 5 is closed by a cover plate 25. A crushing chamber 26 is formed between the conical outer surface of the crushing cone 3 and the conical inner surface of the adjusting ring 2, into which the material to be crushed is fed.

The rotary crusher according to the invention operates as follows.

The motor 23 connects the transmission belt 22 and the joint 21
The eccentric body 15 is rotated relative to the lower end portion 14 of the shaft 4 through the steps. Due to the action of centrifugal force, the eccentric body 15 is displaced from the vertical center line of the outer body 1, and the lower end 14 of the shaft 4
and the crushing cone 3, thereby causing the crushing cone 3 to undergo a pivoting movement. The material 27 to be crushed is fed into the crushing chamber 26 and then
“The distance between the crushing cone 3 and the adjustment ring 2 is
Due to the pivoting movement of the cone 3, it is gradually fractured while moving towards the area of minimum.

During operation of the rotary crusher according to the invention, the thrust body 11 is acted upon in a direction substantially perpendicular to the center line of the outer body 1 by the following forces: The above-mentioned forces are: (a) A force generated by the centrifugal force of the eccentric body and the centrifugal force of the crushing cone 3 and directed in the direction of the movement of the cone; (b) A force generated by the crushing cone 3 on the spherical surface 12 of the thrust body 11
(c) the friction of the thrust body 11 on the bearing surface 10 of the cup 9, directed in the direction opposite to the direction of movement of the cone 3, resulting from the frictional force of the contact spherical surface 13 of the cone 3; power; etc.

The total force acting in the direction of movement of the crushing cone 3 is the thrust body 11 on the bearing surface 10 of the cup body 9.
Overcoming the frictional force , the thrust body 11 is moved in the direction of movement of the fracturing cone 3 .

Thrust body 11 perpendicular to the center line of outer body 1
The relationship between the various forces acting on the top is determined by two groups that cooperate with each other: the pair of the thrust body 11 and the bearing surface 10 of the cup body 9, and the pair of the spherical surface 13 of the cone 3 and the thrust body 1.
1 with the spherical surface 12, and by the relationship between the values of R and L, these relationships are determined respectively for each type and size of the rotary crusher. .

The thrust body 11 is the bearing surface 1 of the cup body 9
0, the distance L from the spherical surface 12 of the thrust body 11 to the center of the ball joint 7 increases. However, since the upper end 8 of the shaft 4 is connected to the ball joint 7 with a play, the upper end 8 of the shaft 4 is connected to the ball of the ball joint 7 in the vertical and horizontal planes. The upper end 8 of the shaft 4 rotates about the center, so that when the thrust body 11 moves on the spherical surface 10 of the cup body 9 together with the crushing cone 3 placed thereon, the upper end 8 of the shaft 4 The bearing spherical surface 13 of the fracture cone 3 is moved relative to the spherical center of the joint 7, so that the spherical surface 12 of the thrust body 11
fully contact and engage. The close engagement between the bearing spherical surface 13 of the fracturing cone 3 and the spherical surface 12 of the thrust body 11 reduces the wear of the spherical surface 12 of the thrust body 11, thus increasing the service life of the thrust body 11.

When adjusting the gap at the outlet of the crushing chamber 26,
The ball joint 7 and the insert 6 fixed to the cross body 5 of the adjusting ring 2 are moved relative to the upper end 8 of the shaft 4 of the crushing cone 3. The insert 6 is
Since the adjustment ring 2 is rigidly fixed to the cross body 5, it cannot rotate with respect to the surface of the opening in the cross body 5, thus preventing surface wear of said opening in the cross body 5.

The thrust body 11 is the bearing surface 1 of the cup body 9.
0, it is not necessary to align the center of the ball of the ball joint 7 with the vertical axis of the thrust body 11. Therefore, when manufacturing parts and assembling the rotating crusher, it is not necessary to align the center of the ball of the ball joint 7 with the vertical axis of the thrust body 11. accuracy is not required.

Since the spherical surface 12 of the thrust body 11 has a radius R shorter than the distance L from the center of the sphere of the ball joint 7 to the spherical surface of the thrust body 11, that is,
Since the center of the spherical surface 12 of the thrust body 11 is located below the center of the ball of the ball joint 7, the difficulty required to align these centers is eliminated, and thus the rotary crusher according to the invention The amount of labor required to assemble is reduced.

The assembly of the rotary crusher according to the present invention is carried out as follows.

After the eccentric drive means have been placed in the outer body 1, the cup body 9 and the eccentric body 15 themselves are placed therein. The thrust body 11 is then placed freely on the bearing surface 10 of the cup body 9. Then, axis 4
The crushing cone 3 press-fitted with the crushing cone 3 is placed on the thrust body 11, and the shaft 14 is inserted into the hole of the eccentric body 15. The adjusting ring 2 is then placed in the outer body 1 with the upper holding part of the crushing cone 3 mounted in the cloth body 5 and closed by a cover plate. At this time, it is necessary to insert the upper end 8 of the shaft of the cone 3 into the hole of the ball joint 7.

The installation of the upper holding part of the fracturing cone 3 into the adjusting ring 2 is carried out by inserting the fracturing cone 3 onto the thrust body 11.
, and the position of the adjusting ring 2 in the outer body 1, which facilitates the assembly of the rotary crusher according to the invention.

The use of a "floating" thrust body on the cup body eliminates the need to align the spherical center of the ball joint with the spherical center of the spherical surface of the thrust body, thus making it easier to assemble the rotary crusher. This simplifies the process considerably and, furthermore, requires less precision in the manufacture of the parts of the rotary crusher. Further, by holding the crushing cone upward by a ball joint firmly installed in the cross body, the reliability of the upward holding is increased, and thus the reliability of the rotary crusher according to the present invention is increased. It can be done.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The figure is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of a rotary crusher according to the invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Outer body, 2... Adjustment ring, 3... Fracture cone, 4... Shaft, 5... Cross body, 6... Removable insert, 7... Ball joint, 8... Shaft 4 Upper end, 9... Cup body, 10... Bearing surface of cup body 9, 11... Thrust body, 12... Spherical surface of thrust body 11, 13... Bearing spherical surface of cone 3, 14... Lower end of shaft 4 Part, 15... Eccentric body, 16... Spherical shaft, 17... Shaft, 18... Sphere.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. has an outer body, in which an adjustment ring is placed,
A fracturing cone is placed within the ring, the fracturing cone having a bearing spherical surface and a press-fitted shaft, the upper retaining portion of the fracturing cone being placed in the cross body of the adjustment ring and having a removable insert. and a ball joint, the ball joint receives the upper end of the shaft of the crushing cone, and a cup body having a bearing surface is placed below the crushing cone coaxially with the outer body, and the cup body has a bearing surface. A thrust body having a spherical surface is placed on the bearing surface, the spherical surface of the thrust body is in contact engagement with the bearing spherical surface of the crushing cone, and an eccentric body and an eccentric drive drive are placed on the lower end of the shaft of the crushing cone. Means are provided, further characterized in that the thrust body 11 is placed on and movable on a bearing surface 10 of the cup body 9, and the radius of the sphere of the spherical surface 12 of the thrust body 11 is adjusted by an adjusting ring. 2, from the spherical center of the ball joint 7 to the spherical surface 1 of the thrust body 11.
2. A rotary crusher configured to have a distance substantially less than 2. 2. The removable insert 6 of the upper holding part of the crushing cone 3 is fixed to the cross body 5 of the adjusting ring 2, and the upper end 8 of the shaft 4 of the crushing cone 3 is connected to the ball joint 7 with a play. A rotary crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: