JPH044011B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH044011B2 JPH044011B2 JP61004189A JP418986A JPH044011B2 JP H044011 B2 JPH044011 B2 JP H044011B2 JP 61004189 A JP61004189 A JP 61004189A JP 418986 A JP418986 A JP 418986A JP H044011 B2 JPH044011 B2 JP H044011B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hollow fiber
- fiber membrane
- polygonal
- filtration tower
- shape
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011045 prefiltration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 3
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 chlorine ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Description
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、火力、原子力発電所等において、復
水及び廃水等の浄化に使用する濾過塔に係り、特
に多数の中空糸膜モジユールを装着するのに好適
な濾過塔に関し、特に原子力発電所の水浄化に使
用するに好適な中空糸膜モジユール形状に関する
ものである。
〔従来技術〕
従来の原子力発電所における復水浄化設備は、
その復水処理系のなかにプレフイルタとベツド型
脱塩器とを配設するのが一般的である。このよう
な復水浄化設備の代表的な一例を第３図に示す。
第３図において、原子炉１で発生した蒸気２は
蒸気タービン３を回転させて発電機４に発電を行
なわせた後、復水器５に入り、海水６により冷却
され復水７となる。この復水中には配管等の腐食
による固形状やイオン状の不純物（酸化鉄が主体
である。）が含まれており、発電所の安全性、信
頼性向上のためには、これらの不純物を除去する
ことが必要である。そこで復水器５から復水ポン
プ８を介して原子炉１に至る流路中にプレフイル
タ９及びベツド型脱塩器１０を設置して復水処理
系を構成する。プレフイルタ９は、中空糸状の膜
を多数充填したもので、復水中の固形状の不純物
を除去する。また脱塩器１０は、塔内に粒状のイ
オン交換樹脂を充填したもので、イオン状の不純
物、特に復水器５から海水がリークした場合の塩
素イオンの除去を目的とするものである。
ここで中空糸膜を用いるプレフイルタは、例え
ば特開昭49−9767、56−76208、59−4403に公知
例があるが、第４図に示すように外径１mm程度の
中空状の糸１４を数千本束にして充填した中空糸
膜モジユール１５を約100本濾過塔１１に装着し
たもので、中空糸１４の表面には0.1μｍ程度の微
小な孔が多数あいており、この面で復水中の固形
状の不純物を除去する。中空糸膜モジユール１５
は外径100〜200mm、長さ１〜２ｍの円筒型の形状
をしており、復水は入口１２から流入して中空糸
膜モジユール１５内に入り、中空糸膜モジユール
１５の上部端面から膜透過水が出て、出口１３か
ら流出するようになつている。
〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕
中空糸膜フイルタの特長は、中空糸径が小さい
ため単位容積内に多数の膜が充填できるため、チ
ユーブ型等に比べて濾過面積が約100倍とれるこ
とである。従つて、一定量の復水を処理する場
合、膜面積当りの処理量が約1/100と少なく、固
形物の捕捉に伴う濾過差圧上昇が極めて小さい。
そして、この特長を更に著しくするため、第４図
に示す中空糸膜モジユール１５内に中空糸１４の
充填密度を増大する努力が払われてきており、こ
れには主として中空糸径を小さくすることで対処
されてきた。しかしながら、中空糸径を小さくす
ると、中空内流動抵抗が増大するため中空糸を長
くできず、短い膜を多段に連結する複雑なモジユ
ール構造を必要としたり、又、中空糸の充填密度
の増大により、モジユールを洗浄する際、中空糸
から固形物のはく離、排出が難しくなるという欠
点があり、中空糸径を小さくする以外の方法で濾
過面積の増大を図ることが要望されていた。
本発明の目的は中空糸膜モジユールの中空糸径
を小さくすることなく濾過面積の増大を可能とす
る濾過塔を提供することにある。
〔問題点を解決するための手段〕
上記目的を達成するため、本発明のの濾過器
は、多数の中空糸を充填するとともに、その外形
形状を多角柱状にした中空糸膜モジユールを、そ
の外形形状をなす多角柱の少なくとも一辺が対向
するように多数装設したものである。ただし、本
発明を実施する場合、上記の多角形は六角形より
も辺数が多くないことが望ましい。なお、上記の
如く断面形状を三角形、四角形、五角形、又は六
角形とすることにより、該モジユールの立体的形
状は三角柱、四角柱、五角柱、又は六角柱とな
る。ただし前記の多角形とは幾何学的に厳密な多
角形であることを要せず、例えば角に若干の丸味
が有つても良い。
〔作 用〕
上記のようにモジユールを多角柱状に構成する
と、隣接するモジユール同志の側面を密着せし
め、乃至な至近距離で対向せしめることにより、
濾過塔内のデツドスペース（モジユール同志の間
の空隙）を著しく減少せしめることができ、同一
濾過塔内容積の中に多数の中空糸を収納して広大
な濾過面積が得られる。
〔実施例〕
以下、本発明の一実施例を第１図により説明す
る。本実施例における中空糸膜モジユール１５は
断面形状が正六角形になつており、中空糸１４、
接着固定部１６、保護筒１７から構成される。中
空糸上端部は樹脂からなる接着固定部１６に固定
されている。中空糸１４はその端面で開口してお
り、膜透過水の出口を形成する。次に、中空糸下
端部は同じく接着固定部１６に固定されている
が、その端面は閉塞しており、中空糸内への水の
出入りはない。これら上下の中空糸接着固定部間
には中空糸の破損等を防止するための保護筒１７
が設けられている。
復水７は保護筒１７の開口部からモジユール内
に流入し、中空糸膜を透過した後上昇し、上端部
から流出する。又、中空糸膜の洗浄には塔下部か
ら気泡を吹き込むが、その気泡をモジユール内に
導入するため、下部の接着固定部１６にはスリツ
ト１８が切つてあり、導入された気泡が中空糸膜
に付着した固形物を剥離させる。
なお、中空糸膜モジユール１５の断面形状は前
述したように、正六角形の他、正方形、正三角形
でも良い。また、矩形、二等辺直角三角形、及び
平行２辺を有する５角形や菱形も有効である。
本発明による効果を次に説明する。第２図は中
空糸膜モジユールの従来品と発明品との差圧上昇
及び洗浄効率を対比して示した図表である。
本第２図Ａは、従来例と従来例との差圧上
昇率を本実施例と比較した図表であり、実験条件
は固形物としてFe（OH）8を5ppm含有する水を用
い、これを各試料によつて濾過したものである。
従来例，及び本例のモジユールの仕様諸元
を第１表に示す。
[Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a filtration tower used for purifying condensate and wastewater in thermal power plants, nuclear power plants, etc., and particularly to a filtration tower suitable for installing a large number of hollow fiber membrane modules. In particular, the present invention relates to a hollow fiber membrane module shape suitable for use in water purification in nuclear power plants. [Prior art] Conventional condensate purification equipment in nuclear power plants is
A prefilter and a bed-type desalter are generally installed in the condensate treatment system. A typical example of such a condensate purification facility is shown in FIG. In FIG. 3, steam 2 generated in a nuclear reactor 1 rotates a steam turbine 3 to cause a generator 4 to generate electricity, and then enters a condenser 5 where it is cooled by seawater 6 and becomes condensate 7. This condensate contains solid and ionic impurities (mainly iron oxide) due to corrosion of pipes, etc., and these impurities must be removed to improve the safety and reliability of power plants. It is necessary to remove it. Therefore, a prefilter 9 and a bed desalination device 10 are installed in the flow path from the condenser 5 to the reactor 1 via the condensate pump 8 to constitute a condensate treatment system. The prefilter 9 is filled with a large number of hollow fiber membranes and removes solid impurities from the condensate. The demineralizer 10 is a tower filled with granular ion exchange resin, and its purpose is to remove ionic impurities, especially chlorine ions when seawater leaks from the condenser 5. Here, prefilters using hollow fiber membranes are known, for example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 49-9767, 56-76208, and 59-4403, but as shown in FIG. Approximately 100 hollow fiber membrane modules 15 packed in bundles of several thousand pieces are installed in the filtration tower 11. The surface of the hollow fibers 14 has many minute holes of about 0.1 μm, and this surface allows for recovery. Removes solid impurities from water. Hollow fiber membrane module 15
has a cylindrical shape with an outer diameter of 100 to 200 mm and a length of 1 to 2 m. Condensate flows in from the inlet 12 and enters the hollow fiber membrane module 15, and enters the membrane from the upper end surface of the hollow fiber membrane module 15. The permeated water exits and flows out from the outlet 13. [Problems to be solved by the invention] The feature of hollow fiber membrane filters is that the diameter of the hollow fibers is small, so a large number of membranes can be filled in a unit volume, so the filtration area is approximately 100 times larger than that of tube type filters, etc. It is. Therefore, when treating a certain amount of condensate, the amount of treatment per membrane area is as small as about 1/100, and the increase in filtration differential pressure due to the capture of solids is extremely small.
In order to make this feature even more remarkable, efforts have been made to increase the packing density of the hollow fibers 14 in the hollow fiber membrane module 15 shown in FIG. 4, and this mainly involves reducing the diameter of the hollow fibers. has been dealt with. However, if the hollow fiber diameter is made smaller, the flow resistance inside the hollow fiber increases, making it impossible to lengthen the hollow fiber, requiring a complex modular structure in which short membranes are connected in multiple stages, and increasing the packing density of the hollow fiber. When cleaning the module, there is a drawback that it becomes difficult to peel off and discharge solids from the hollow fibers, and there has been a desire to increase the filtration area by a method other than reducing the diameter of the hollow fibers. An object of the present invention is to provide a filtration tower that can increase the filtration area without reducing the hollow fiber diameter of the hollow fiber membrane module. [Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the filter of the present invention includes a hollow fiber membrane module filled with a large number of hollow fibers and having a polygonal columnar outer shape. A large number of polygonal pillars are installed so that at least one side of the pillars faces each other. However, when carrying out the present invention, it is desirable that the above-mentioned polygon has no more sides than a hexagon. In addition, by making the cross-sectional shape triangular, quadrilateral, pentagonal, or hexagonal as described above, the three-dimensional shape of the module becomes a triangular prism, a quadrangular prism, a pentagonal prism, or a hexagonal prism. However, the above-mentioned polygon does not need to be a geometrically strict polygon, and may have slightly rounded corners, for example. [Function] When the modules are configured in a polygonal prism shape as described above, the sides of adjacent modules are brought into close contact with each other or are faced at a close distance, thereby
The dead space (gaps between modules) within the filtration tower can be significantly reduced, and a large number of hollow fibers can be accommodated within the same filtration tower internal volume to provide a vast filtration area. [Example] Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The hollow fiber membrane module 15 in this embodiment has a regular hexagonal cross section, and the hollow fibers 14,
It is composed of an adhesive fixing part 16 and a protection tube 17. The upper end of the hollow fiber is fixed to an adhesive fixing part 16 made of resin. The hollow fibers 14 are open at their end faces and form an outlet for membrane-permeated water. Next, the lower end of the hollow fiber is similarly fixed to the adhesive fixing part 16, but the end face is closed, and water does not enter or exit the hollow fiber. A protective tube 17 is provided between these upper and lower hollow fiber adhesion fixing parts to prevent damage to the hollow fibers.
is provided. The condensate 7 flows into the module from the opening of the protective cylinder 17, passes through the hollow fiber membrane, rises, and flows out from the upper end. In addition, air bubbles are blown from the bottom of the tower to clean the hollow fiber membranes, and in order to introduce the air bubbles into the module, a slit 18 is cut in the adhesive fixing part 16 at the bottom, and the introduced air bubbles blow into the hollow fiber membrane. Peel off the solid matter that has adhered to the surface. Note that, as described above, the cross-sectional shape of the hollow fiber membrane module 15 may be a regular hexagon, a square, or a regular triangle. A rectangle, an isosceles right triangle, a pentagon with two parallel sides, and a rhombus are also effective. The effects of the present invention will be explained below. FIG. 2 is a chart comparing the increase in differential pressure and cleaning efficiency between the conventional hollow fiber membrane module and the invented hollow fiber membrane module. Figure 2A is a chart comparing the rate of increase in differential pressure between the conventional example and the present example. Each sample was filtered. Table 1 shows the specifications of the modules of the conventional example and this example.
本発明によれば、濾過塔内の中空糸膜モジユー
ルが充填されないデツドスペースを極力減少させ
ることができるので、濾過塔内に中空糸膜を多数
充填することが可能となる。さらに、本発明によ
れば中空糸径を細くする必要がないので、モジユ
ール構造の複雑化や洗浄効率の低下といつた弊害
を伴うことなく、塔内濾過面積を飛躍的に上昇さ
せることができる。
According to the present invention, the dead space in the filtration tower that is not filled with hollow fiber membrane modules can be reduced as much as possible, so it becomes possible to pack a large number of hollow fiber membranes in the filtration tower. Furthermore, according to the present invention, there is no need to reduce the diameter of the hollow fibers, so the filtration area within the column can be dramatically increased without complicating the module structure or reducing cleaning efficiency. .
第１図は本発明の１実施例に係る中空糸膜モジ
ユールの、断面を含む３面図である。第２図は上
記実施例の効果を示すため、従来例，と対比
して描いた図表である。第３図は原子力発電所の
復水浄化設備の一例を示す系統図、第４図は中空
糸膜フイルタの構造を示す断面図、第５図は中空
糸膜モジユール形状と塔内のデツドスペースの関
係を示す説明図である。
２……蒸気、５……復水器、６……海水（冷却
用）、７……復水、１１……濾過塔、１２……水
入口、１３……水出口、１４……中空糸、１５…
…中空糸膜モジユール、１６……接着固定部、１
７……保護筒、１８……スリツト。
FIG. 1 is a three-sided view including a cross section of a hollow fiber membrane module according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a chart drawn in comparison with the conventional example in order to show the effects of the above embodiment. Figure 3 is a system diagram showing an example of condensate purification equipment in a nuclear power plant, Figure 4 is a sectional view showing the structure of a hollow fiber membrane filter, and Figure 5 is the relationship between the shape of the hollow fiber membrane module and the dead space in the tower. FIG. 2...Steam, 5...Condenser, 6...Seawater (for cooling), 7...Condensate, 11...Filtering tower, 12...Water inlet, 13...Water outlet, 14...Hollow fiber , 15...
...Hollow fiber membrane module, 16...Adhesive fixing part, 1
7...Protective tube, 18...Slit.
Claims (1)
形状を多角柱状にした中空糸膜モジユールを、そ
の外形形状をなす多角柱状の少なくとも一辺が対
向するように多数装設したことを特徴とする濾過
塔。 ２ 前記の多角柱は、正三角柱状に構成されたこ
とを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項に記載の濾
過塔。 ３ 前記の多角柱は、正六角柱状に構成されたこ
とを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項に記載の濾
過塔。 ４ 前記の多角柱は、断面形状が二等辺三角形を
なす角柱に構成されたことを特徴とする特許請求
の範囲第１項記載の濾過塔。[Scope of Claims] 1. A large number of hollow fiber membrane modules filled with a large number of hollow fibers and having a polygonal columnar outer shape are installed so that at least one side of the polygonal columnar outer shape is opposite to each other. A filtration tower featuring: 2. The filtration tower according to claim 1, wherein the polygonal prism has a regular triangular prism shape. 3. The filtration tower according to claim 1, wherein the polygonal column is configured in the shape of a regular hexagonal column. 4. The filtration tower according to claim 1, wherein the polygonal pillar has a cross-sectional shape of an isosceles triangle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP418986A JPS62163709A (en) | 1986-01-14 | 1986-01-14 | Shape of hollow yarn membrane module |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP418986A JPS62163709A (en) | 1986-01-14 | 1986-01-14 | Shape of hollow yarn membrane module |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62163709A JPS62163709A (en) | 1987-07-20 |
| JPH044011B2 true JPH044011B2 (en) | 1992-01-27 |
Family
ID=11577754
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP418986A Granted JPS62163709A (en) | 1986-01-14 | 1986-01-14 | Shape of hollow yarn membrane module |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62163709A (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE8802771U1 (en) * | 1988-03-02 | 1989-07-06 | Akzo Patente Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal, De | |
| FR2629361B1 (en) * | 1988-03-29 | 1991-10-25 | Lyonnaise Eaux | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A TUBULAR PLATE FOR A HOLLOW FIBER SEPARATION APPARATUS, AND DEVICES OBTAINED |
| EP0585614A3 (en) * | 1992-08-03 | 1994-03-23 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Hollow fiber permeator with tubesheet preform |
| US20070163942A1 (en) * | 2006-01-19 | 2007-07-19 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Hollow fiber membrane module |
| CN104159654B (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2017-03-22 | 瑞繁技术有限责任公司 | Hollow fiber cartridge and parts and their building method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS53135892A (en) * | 1977-04-30 | 1978-11-27 | Nippon Zeon Co Ltd | Preparation of mass transfer apparatus of hollow fiber type |
| JPS57122293A (en) * | 1980-08-28 | 1982-07-30 | Akzo Nv | Apparatus for transmitting heat and/or material through hollow fiber |
| JPS60244305A (en) * | 1984-05-21 | 1985-12-04 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | Hollow yarn filter module |
-
1986
- 1986-01-14 JP JP418986A patent/JPS62163709A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS53135892A (en) * | 1977-04-30 | 1978-11-27 | Nippon Zeon Co Ltd | Preparation of mass transfer apparatus of hollow fiber type |
| JPS57122293A (en) * | 1980-08-28 | 1982-07-30 | Akzo Nv | Apparatus for transmitting heat and/or material through hollow fiber |
| JPS60244305A (en) * | 1984-05-21 | 1985-12-04 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | Hollow yarn filter module |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS62163709A (en) | 1987-07-20 |
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