JPH0439380A - Heat-storing and releasing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To store and release heat, utilizing melting latent heat and evaporating latent heat by directly bringing a heat storing element into contact with a heat medium to form boundary face, allowing the boundary face to flow, vibrating the boundary face and mixing both phases when heat is stored to carry out heat exchange and solidifying part of the heat storing element. CONSTITUTION:A heat storing element in which solid liquid phase is changed is directly brought into contact with a heat medium having difference of specific gravity to the heat storing element and flow point temperature lower than solid-producing temperature of the above-mentioned heat storing element to form a boundary face. When heat is stored, the above-mentioned boundary face is allowed to flow and vibrated and/or both element phases are mixed and heat exchanging layer is formed to carry out heat exchange and part of the above-mentioned heat storing element is solidified and separated from the liquid phase of heat storing element. Thereby storage and release of cool heat having <=15 deg.C temperature are carried out utilizing latent heat using the heat storing element and heat medium.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a heat storage and release method that utilizes latent heat of fusion and furthermore latent heat of vaporization and is applicable at a wide range of temperatures from cold to hot.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, heat storage and release methods have utilized the sensible heat of liquids and solids, regardless of whether they are cold or hot.

However, methods that utilize sensible heat have a small amount of heat storage, which is a major drawback to their practical application. Therefore, in recent years, many studies have been conducted on methods of utilizing latent heat of fusion, and heat storage materials and the like with temperatures suitable for heat utilization purposes have been developed.

However, the latent heat storage and release methods that have been proposed so far,
Normally, a heat storage material is sealed inside a container and heat transfer is performed by heat exchange inside and outside the container.In practical use, there are problems with the strength and material of the container, as well as the heat transfer rate and non-uniformity of heat exchange. Ta.

Furthermore, the ease with which the heat storage/dissipation device can be increased in size, the ability to follow the increase in size, the possibility of continuous stabilization of operation, etc. have also become problems. Therefore, instead of these closed-type systems, proposals have been made for cold heat storage and release methods, such as a method in which the heat storage material is taken out of the system, or a method in which the heat storage material and the heat medium are brought into direct contact.

For example, in JP-A-63-263:167, a water-insoluble liquid with a specific gravity smaller than water is used as a heat medium, the heat medium layer is floated on the water layer, and a part of the water in the water layer is heated. A method has been proposed in which ice is made by direct heat exchange while passing through a medium layer by gravity, and the ice is held above the water layer to store heat.

[Problem to be solved by the invention] However, the method of taking out the heat storage material outside the system in the above-mentioned conventional method requires a complicated system and a large number of devices, which poses cost problems for practical use. It is not possible to completely avoid freezing troubles, and there are problems such as high power consumption.

Furthermore, the method proposed in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-263:167 has the disadvantage that water, which is a heat storage body, flows unevenly because it is allowed to fall naturally through the heat medium layer due to gravity. be. As a result, the solidified wood, that is, ice, becomes lumpy or condensed IE in the heat medium, and its flow is obstructed, making stable continuous operation impossible, and when the solidified material becomes large and lumpy, all of the heat storage solidified material becomes Since the surface area becomes small, problems arise such as not being able to secure a sufficient heat exchange rate during heat dissipation. Furthermore, due to the problem that the heat medium is included in the water, it is not possible to completely separate the two, resulting in the inconvenience that a portion of the heat medium flows out to the load equipment on the heat radiation side.

The current status of heat storage/dissipation technology is whether it has been industrially implemented as an energy-saving technology, whether it has been desired for many years, or whether there are unresolved technical and economic problems as mentioned above.

Main departure 1! J aims to solve the above-mentioned problems and provide a heat storage/dissipation method that is simple, easy to handle, and has high heat transfer efficiency, which can be applied to large-sized equipment.

[Means for Solving the Problems] According to the present invention, in a method for storing and dissipating cold heat of 15° C. or less using latent heat using a heat storage body and a heat medium,
A heat storage body that undergoes a solid-liquid phase change and a heat medium that has a specific gravity difference from the heat storage body and has a pour point temperature lower than the solid formation temperature of the heat storage body are brought into direct contact to form a boundary surface, and the boundary surface is formed during heat storage. Provided is a heat storage and release method characterized by flowing, vibrating and/or mixing the heat storage material to form a heat exchange layer to exchange heat, solidify a part of the heat storage material, and separate the heat storage material from the liquid phase. .

Furthermore, by using a heat storage body and a heat medium and utilizing latent heat,
In the method for storing and dissipating hot heat, a heat storage body that undergoes a solid-liquid phase change and a heat medium having a specific gravity different from that of the heat storage body and having a pour point temperature lower than the solid formation temperature of the heat storage body are brought into direct contact. to form a boundary surface, and during heat dissipation, the boundary surface is made to flow, vibrate, and/or mix to form a heat exchange layer and exchange heat, solidify a part of the heat storage body, and separate from the heat storage body liquid phase. A heat storage/dissipation method is provided.

The present invention will be explained in more detail below.

The heat storage method of the present invention is configured as described above, and in principle, warm or cold heat is applied to the heat medium from the outside in a liquid phase state, heat is first accumulated in the heat medium, and then the above-mentioned method is applied. In this way, heat is exchanged in the heat exchange layer formed from the heat storage body and the heat medium, and hot or cold heat is stored in the heat storage body.

Heat may be applied to the heat medium by any known method, but usually, heat transfer tubes are installed in the heat medium layer or heat storage layer, or the heat medium is extracted outside and heat exchanged with a cooler etc. Let's do it. For example, a heat transfer tube is installed in a heat medium, and a heat transfer tube for heat radiation is installed in a heat storage layer or a heat transfer tube in common with the heat transfer tube for heat storage, and the heat transfer for heat storage is basically done using the heat medium. The heat is accumulated in the heat storage body by exchanging heat through a heat medium which is a liquid layer at all times.

Heat exchange is performed by forming a heat exchange layer near the interface between the heat storage body and the heat medium. The heat exchange layer can be formed by, for example, making the upper and lower areas near the boundary between the heat storage element and the heat medium into a mixed state by stirring, by making the boundary surface vibrate by ultrasonic waves, or by using a IIl return pump to heat the heat exchange layer. By discharging the medium horizontally or vertically near the interface between the heat storage element and the heat medium, it is possible to create a wavy contact state or a mixed state of both the heat storage element and the heat medium below the interface. Form by doing. In the heat exchange layer formed as described above, heat is exchanged between the heat storage body and the heat medium during cold heat accumulation or hot heat radiation, and solids are solidified from the heat storage body. The heat exchange layer is always in motion, and the contact surface between the local heat medium and the heat storage body is constantly replaced, so fine solids solidify from the heat storage body and separate from the liquid phase of the heat storage body and the heat exchange layer. do. Also, the generated solids are dispersed in the accumulated body fluid phase outside the heat exchange layer,
Since heat is exchanged and a solid is generated by the above-mentioned method of generating a heat exchange layer, almost no solidified matter adheres to the heat exchanger tubes or inner walls within the heat storage device. Therefore, in general, operations that involve precipitation of solids tend to cause solids to adhere to the inner walls of equipment, etc.
In contrast to the conventional heat storage/dissipation method, which caused problems due to the adhesion of coagulum on the surface of the cooling heat transfer tube, in the present invention, adhesion of coagulum is less likely to occur and continuous stable operation can be ensured. The volume occupied by the heat exchange layer in the heat storage tank may be appropriately selected depending on the combination of the heat storage body and the heat medium, the amount used, the shape of the heat storage tank container, the type and capacity of the heat exchange layer forming means, etc. It can be up to half the size of the medium and heat storage layer.

In addition, there is a risk of condensation adhering to the heat storage tank structural material that is in contact with the heat exchange layer, or to the related auxiliary equipment, and since these are limited to specific locations, countermeasures can be easily taken. A heating means may be provided in that portion. As a heating means, an electric heater, hot water, a warm medium pressurized and liquefied by a refrigeration compressor, etc. can be used. Heating may be performed continuously or intermittently.

The method of the present invention can store and release heat in a wide temperature range from cold to hot by selecting a heat storage body and a heat medium.

In the case of storing and dissipating cold heat of 15°C or lower, the heat storage body used in the present invention may be one that changes solid-liquid phase at 15°C or lower, such as water, water and lower alcohols such as methanol or ethanol. , acetone, ethylene glycols or KCM, NaCl, Na5PO, %a2S
An aqueous solution containing at least one salt-free salt such as O, NaN0:+, etc. can be used. these are,
It utilizes the latent heat of melting of ice, and in an aqueous solution, it is possible to control the heat storage temperature or control the nucleation and crystal growth of solidified matter, that is, ice, by utilizing the effect of lowering the freezing point of the above-mentioned substances added. can. Also, Li(dL
Additives such as O+ may also be used to act as a eutectic with water. If it is a solid or ice, the ice will float in the water, but if the solid is eutectic, the eutectic will sink in the water.

Further, in addition to the above-described heat storage body, an organic compound having a melting point of 15° C. or lower may be used. Examples include paraxylene, cyclohexane, n-octane, n-hexane, methanol, acetic acid, etc., and these can be used singly or in mixtures. These are preferably used under conditions where the heat storage/radiation temperature and melting point are approximately equal.

On the other hand, as a heat storage body used for storing and dissipating heat of 5°C or higher, inorganic hydrated salts such as calcium chloride/hexahydrate, sodium sulfate/IO hydrate, sodium acetate/3-wood salt, or I
Low melting point metals such as ++, Bi, and Sn, and low melting point alloys such as alloys of these elements are used.

Furthermore, the melting point of ethylene oxide, naphthalene, benzene, paraffins having 14 or more carbon atoms is 5°C or higher.
An organic compound can be used.

The heat medium of the present invention has a specific gravity that differs depending on the heat storage body used, but there is a specific gravity difference between the heat medium and the heat storage body. A material that forms an interface with the heat storage body is used. Furthermore, using a heat medium whose pour point temperature is lower than the heat storage temperature, that is, the solid formation temperature of the heat storage body,
The heat medium layer is made to maintain a liquid phase at all times. The fact that the heat medium is always in a liquid phase is effective because there is no adhesion of solidified matter to the heat exchanger tubes or the inner walls of the device during heat storage and heat dissipation. Furthermore, a low-viscosity heat medium is preferable because it facilitates flow to promote heat transfer to the heat medium during heat storage/dissipation operation, and facilitates separation of the solidified material of the heat storage body from the heat medium.

Further, when a solid is formed from the heat storage body, the solid floats or settles in the heat storage liquid phase depending on the specific gravity relationship between the solid and the heat storage body liquid phase. If there is a heat exchange layer in the sinking direction, solids will collect in or near the heat exchange layer. However, as the concentration of solids increases, such aggregation will inevitably increase and the efficiency of heat exchange will decrease. It is desirable to select the heat storage body and the heat transfer medium so that no formation occurs. In other words, in the case of cold heat storage and radiation, when producing ice, a heat medium with a higher specific gravity than water or an aqueous solution is selected, and a solid other than ice is produced, such as a combination of water and an inorganic salt, or a solid organic compound. In this case, it is preferable to choose a heat transfer medium with a higher specific gravity than a heat storage body. Ice formation does not occur during heat storage/radiation at temperatures above 5°C, so it is preferable to select a heat medium with a smaller specific gravity than the heat storage body.

In addition, in addition to the heat storage tank, a separate tank with an agitator is provided, the solid-rich heat storage material is extracted from the heat storage layer near the heat exchange layer to the separate tank, and only the liquid phase is recirculated to the heat storage tank. , the above-mentioned difficulties can be avoided.

Further, in order to form an interface with the heat storage body, it is preferable that the heat medium and the heat storage body are incompatible.

However, it is possible to use materials that form an interface and maintain a separated state even if they are slightly compatible or slightly compatible.

Furthermore, it is not preferable to use materials that are easily emulsified. This is to avoid loss due to outflow of the heat medium and adhesion of heat storage body solidified matter to the heat transfer surface in the heat medium.

Examples of the heat medium mentioned above include water, fluorocarbon-based refrigerants, paraffin-based and alcohol-based organic compounds/compounds, and the like. In addition, commonly used cold tofu, kerosene, lubricating oil, etc. can also be used.

Furthermore, in the present invention, by sealing the heat storage tank and using a substance whose boiling point or the solid formation temperature Tut of the heat storage body is T+150°C or lower, not only the latent heat of the heat storage body is utilized, but also the heat medium is heated. The latent heat of vaporization can also be used. In this case, the entire heat storage gate can be made larger. However, when the boiling point of the heat medium is T + 150°C or higher, the vapor pressure of the heat medium at the heat storage temperature is small, and almost no effect is observed. Furthermore, below the solid formation temperature, evaporation is intense and the original purpose as a heat transfer medium cannot be achieved.
Therefore, as a heat medium, the boiling point is usually T + 30 - T +
Preferably, the temperature is in the 100°C range.

Also, the boiling point as mentioned above or T I! , hteT+15
Heat carriers at temperatures below 0°C cause thermal drift and flow at the interface between the heat storage element and the heat carrier, which promotes solidification nucleation and heat conduction.
make it work. Furthermore, this effect is remarkable when the specific gravity of the heat medium is greater than that of the heat storage body.

The heat exchange between the heat medium and the heat storage body of the present invention is performed through the interface between the two in the heat exchange layer, and in the conventional heat exchange through a solid package such as metal or plastic and a surface, a solid package is used. Unlike the case where it was impossible to avoid sticking to the surface and hardening, such trouble does not occur and continuous stable operation is possible.

In the present invention, the heat storage body and the heat medium are mixed by liquid mixing at least one of the heat storage body and the heat medium using a pump or a stirrer, or by using ultrasonic vibration or the like, as described in Section I. Although the heat exchange layer is formed by keeping the boundary surface in a fluid, vibrating and/or mixed state, a method may also be used in which one of the heat storage body or the heat medium flows down into the other. That is, in the present invention, the large solidified bodies that occur and cause trouble when this flow down method is used alone can be prevented by the interlocking action of the heat exchange layer and the heat storage body. Furthermore, a gas may be introduced.

In the present invention, the difference in specific gravity between the heat storage body and the heat medium accelerates the formation and extinction rate of the boundary surface, so that the heat storage body solidified material is not generated in a large amount on the entire heat exchange layer, but is formed as fine solid particles on the heat exchange layer surface. It is possible to continuously separate from the Thereby, the heat storage body can be stored as a fine solidified material and heat can be stored therein. In addition, the difference in specific gravity between the solid phase and liquid phase of the heat storage body is often more helpful in separating the solidified body.

In addition, there is a problem of supercooling with regard to the formation of solidified products due to heat exchange of the heat storage body, but in the present invention, by forming a heat exchange layer, the heat conduction efficiency of the boundary surface is improved, and the flow and vibration of the heat exchange layer are improved. The rippling and rippling effects also have the effect of preventing overcooling.

As shown in Section L, in the present invention, the generation of coagulated substances can be controlled because the generation of coagulated substances occurs in the heat exchange layer at the interface between the heat storage element and the heat medium, which is determined as the place where the solidified substances of the heat storage body are generated. Therefore, it is possible to continuously and stably store and release heat.

Furthermore, in order to further increase the effect, an inorganic or organic nucleating agent may be added to the heat storage body or heat medium. Further, in order to prevent the coagulation and adhesion of the coagulated material generated on the heat storage body, an aqueous substance such as ethylene glycols may be added when water is used as the heat storage body.

In the present invention, the phase change of the heat storage body is different between hot heat storage and release and cold heat storage and release. generate. Therefore, the mode of the method is different in the case of heat and the case of cold. Each will be explained below with examples.

(1) In the case of thermal storage and radiation (a) Basic method As shown in FIG. 1, a heat medium layer 2 and a heat storage layer 3 are formed in a heat storage and radiation tank 1. Thereafter, the heat storage layer 3 and the heat medium layer 2 are vigorously stirred and mixed using a heat medium flow heated by a heater 10' and a stirrer 5.5' in a heat transfer tube 4 provided in the heat medium layer. The solidified material 20 of the heat storage body melts and becomes liquid, and heat can be stored in the heat storage layer 3. −
Power and heat dissipation are performed by flowing the heat medium into the heat transfer tubes 4 in the heat medium layer while stirring the heat storage layer 3 and the heat medium layer 2 to form a heat exchange layer 50 using a stirrer 5.5'. A heat exchanger 8 applies heat to the object to be heated. At this time, a solidified material 20 of the heat storage body is generated in the heat exchange layer.

Moreover, the heat exchanger tube 4 is installed in a position avoiding the heat exchange layer 50,
The heater lO' for heating and the heat exchanger for heat radiation are used by switching.

In this case, drawing L shows the lower layer of the heat medium, but the heat medium layer and the heat storage layer may be reversed, in which case the produced solidified material will gather at the bottom of the heat storage tank from near the heat exchange layer. Also,
In the drawing, the heat transfer tube 4 may be provided in the heat medium, or the heat transfer medium may be introduced directly into the heater lO' or the heat exchanger 8 without providing the heat transfer tube 4, and transfer of heat may be performed. .

(b) Modified Method ■ In addition to the above method (a), a line for circulating the heat medium 2 through the heat storage layer 3L using a heat medium circulation pump ii is added. While the heat medium 2 drips or falls in the form of a column in the heat storage layer 3, solidified matter is also generated at the interface between the heat medium and the heat storage body, and further agitation turns the solidified material into fine particles, which assists in heat transfer efficiency. It has a rising effect.

(C) Modified method■ The heat exchanger 8 can be used both for adding heat to the object to be heated and as the heater 10' for heating the heat medium, and the stirrers 5 and 5° are used in common to add heat to the heat medium. This type has one unit installed near the boundary surface, and it stirs weakly during heat dissipation to form a heat exchange layer, and stirs strongly during heat storage to form a nearly single layer state where the heat medium and heat storage body are almost completely mixed. I will make it happen. Also.

The heat storage slurry may be circulated over the heat storage layer 3 using a pump to promote heat conduction and prevent the accumulation of coagulated substances.

(d) Modified method■ In addition to the heater lO' connected to the heat transfer tube provided in the heat medium layer of method (a) above, a heat transfer tube 4' is installed in the heat storage layer for heating (heat storage). In addition, a circulation pump 7 and a heater io'' are connected to the heat exchanger tube 4'.

(2) In the case of cold heat storage and radiation (e) Basic method As shown in Figure 2 (a), the heat medium is the lower heat medium layer 2.
The refrigerant cooled by the cooler 10 flows into the heat transfer tubes 4 for cooling the heat medium to impart cold heat to the heat medium, and the cold heat is extracted through the heat transfer tubes 4 provided in the heat storage layer. ', pump 7 and heat exchanger 8. The rest is the same as the method shown in FIG. 1 above. However, the solidified material 20 of the heat storage body is generated in the heat exchange layer, moves into the heat storage body layer, and can store cold heat.

(f) Modified Method (2) In a method similar to the method (b) of thermal storage and radiation, the heat medium is extracted by the pump 11 at the same time as stirring and is caused to fall in the heat storage layer 3 in the form of drops or columns. It has the effect of assisting and increasing heat conduction efficiency.

(g) Modified method■ In FIG. 2(b), only one stirrer 5 in the method (e) is installed in the heat storage layer at the upper part near the interface, and a cooler 10 for cooling the heat medium is installed. Separately, the heat exchanger 8 is a heat exchanger that is operated not only to cool the heat storage body, but also to store cold, and to switch between cooling and cooling, and to exchange the cold storage of the heat storage body with a heat medium. This is done not only for the heat exchanger 8 but also for the heat exchanger 8.

During cold storage, the heat exchange efficiency and speed can be increased by sucking the heat medium onto the surface of the heat exchange heat transfer pipe 12 disposed in the heat storage layer using the pump 11 and causing it to flow down. It also prevents coagulum from adhering to the pipes. Furthermore, it is possible to prevent the solidified material stably generated under the flow of the heat medium from forming into lumps.

(3) In the case of water heat storage/radiation When ice is generated using water or an aqueous solution as a heat storage body, the specific gravity of the solidified ice is smaller than that of water, which is different from the case when other heat storage bodies are used. Theory 11.

(h) Basic method The method shown in Figure 3 (a) is based on (a
) method and (e) method of cold heat storage and radiation, the case where water is used as a heat storage body is shown. In this case, the specific gravity of the ice 20 is smaller than that of water and it floats to the upper part of the heat storage layer 3, so the slurry of ice and water or water is extracted from that part and the heat is radiated, and the wood that has melted or has increased in temperature is This is a method in which the heat storage layer 3 is dripped from above the surface and returned.

(i) Modified method In the method shown in FIG. 3(b), a pipe 13 is provided for ejecting the heat medium from the bottom of the heat medium layer 2 through a pump 11, near the boundary surface, and in a part from there. It is something. Vibrator 1
3 - As shown in the enlarged view in Fig. 3(C), a branch pipe 14° branched from the main pipe 14 is provided, and the heat medium spouted from the branch pipe 14° wets the outer wall of the branch pipe 14°. It flows down to form a wall, and the boundary surface 30 is formed continuously from the upper part of the branch pipe 14°, and at the same time serves as a heat exchange layer. Therefore, the heat exchange boundary area between the heat medium and the heat storage body becomes large, and there is an effect of increasing the flow of the heat exchange layer.

In each of the methods described above, ■ Substituting a stirrer for liquid circulation by a pump (see Figure 6), ■ Sending the heat storage slurry containing the generated coagulated material to a separately installed tank,
By repeating the operation of returning only the liquid part of the heat storage body slurry to the heat storage layer, heat is stored in a separately installed tank (see Figure 7). It is also possible to adopt modes such as circulating the heat medium or heat storage body in a tube to exchange heat with the heat storage body and heat medium, or vice versa. In the case of heat radiation, as a method of radiating cold heat,
The object to be cooled may be cooled by directly circulating the heat storage body without providing a tube for heat exchange.

Furthermore, in each of the above systems, the efficiency of each operation can be changed as necessary by changing the rotational speed of the stirrer or the flow rate of the pump during heat storage and heat radiation.

Since the present invention is configured as described above and the heat storage body can be easily handled, it can be used for both cold and hot heat storage and release. Therefore, the use (temperature) of the same device can be changed. In addition, heat storage bodies that can be used for heat storage at different temperatures, e.g.
By using a mixture of heat storage bodies that have different melting points and are mutually soluble, it is possible to freely select heat storage temperatures at multiple points. Furthermore, even when sensible heat is used for one type of heat storage, such as in an air-conditioning system using ice heat storage, heat storage at different temperatures can be performed. Yet again.

A part of the heat storage body is solidified and dispersed in the heat storage body to form a slurry state, which has good thermal conductivity and is a heat storage/dissipation method that allows easy heat transfer and reception, and can be applied to large-scale equipment.

[Examples] Examples of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

(Example 1) FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram of an example of the water heat storage and release method using ice of the present invention. In Fig. 4, the inner diameter is 1o.
2 kg of fluorocarbon-based inert fluid (manufactured by Asahi Glass ■, trade name: Near Crude, specific gravity: 1.77) was put as a heat medium into a cylindrical heat storage/radiation tank made of FRP with a bottom and a length of 1000 m, and then heat storage was carried out. 2% by weight of ethylene glycol as a body
6 kg of aqueous solution was added to form a heat medium layer 2 and a heat storage layer 3. The stirrer 5 was installed so that the blades 6 were located approximately 40 cm above the interface between the heat storage body and the heat medium. Thereafter, a refrigerant (methanol) cooled to -20''C by a cooler 1O was passed through the heat exchanger tube 4.

In addition, in order to prevent ice from adhering to the inner wall of the tank, heat exchange is performed over an area of 10 m1 above and below, including the interface between the heat medium layer 2 and the heat storage layer 3! 1
An electric heater 15 was provided on the outer surface of the tank corresponding to layer iii. While operating the stirrer 5 at a rotation speed of 400 rpm, the heat medium layer 3 was controlled to be cooled to -8 to -6°C.

As a result, the interface between the heat storage layer 2 and the heat medium layer 3 becomes intensely mixed, and the heat exchange layer (
Ice formation zone) 50 is formed, with an average particle size of approximately 0.5-2
．． Wood chips of 0 mm were produced continuously at a rate of 200 to 260 g/hr. The generated ice pieces float on top of the relatively static heat storage layer 3, and have been able to store cold heat as ice.

After that, the cooling is stopped, and a part of the heat storage body at about O''C is extracted from the heat storage body N3 by the circulation pump 31, and is exchanged with hot water 9 in the heat exchanger 8, and is ejected into the heat storage and radiation tank l through the line 19. A circulating heat dissipation operation was performed.

As a result, we were able to achieve continuous and stable operation.

Moreover, in all operations, ice adhesion to the heat storage/radiation tank 1 did not occur.

Note that FIG. 5(a) is an explanatory plan view of the stirring blade 6 of the stirrer 5, and FIG. 5(b) is an explanatory cross-sectional view of the stirring blade 6. Fifth
As shown in the figure, the stirring blade 6 is arranged on a disk with a diameter of 65I.
A shape in which six rectangular parallelepipeds each having a thickness of 2 mm, a radius of 12 mm, and a length of 20 mm were arranged at intervals of .degree. was used. By using these stirring blades, the overall mixing in the upper heat storage layer is prevented from becoming excessive, and the rising speed of the ice is increased.
I was able to store it smoothly.

(Example 2) FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram showing another example of the present invention. In FIG. 6, the heat medium circulation pump 11 is used instead of the stirrer to extract the heat medium from the heat medium layer 2, and horizontally apply it to the boundary surface 30 between the heat storage layer 3 and the heat medium layer 2 and the lower part of the boundary surface. The procedure was the same as in Example 1 except that the heat exchange layer 50 was formed by ejecting and fluidizing the boundary surface.

As a result, heat could be stored and released in the same manner as in Example 1.

(Embodiment 3) FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention, in which a storage tank 16 is provided separately from the heat storage and radiation tank l, and the heat storage body after heat storage is pumped into the storage tank by a pump 31''. 16, and from the storage tank 16 to the heat storage layer 3, it is allowed to flow down by gravity through a line 21, and the heat storage material is returned and circulated, so that heat storage and heat radiation are performed in the storage tank 16.Storage tank 16 At the bottom of the stirrer 4
118 was installed to maintain the heat storage body slurry and stir the slurry to such an extent that the slurry concentration at the top was small. The stirring blades of the stirrer 5 are arranged in two stages, upper and lower, the upper blade is the same as in Example 1, the upper blade is a turbine type, the upper blade is placed in the heat storage layer 3, and the upper blade is placed in the heat medium layer 2. did.

The apparatus shown in FIG. 7 is the same as Example 1 except that decane is used as the heat storage body, the same fluorocarbon-based inert fluid as in Example 1 is used as the heat medium, and the cooling is controlled to -30 to -40°C. Heat storage operation was performed in the same manner. As a result, -30℃
It was possible to send the cold energy from the vicinity into the storage tank 16 through the pump 31' in the form of approximately 20-1 plate-shaped n-decane solidified material, and store it in the form of a slurry.

Further, in the heat dissipation operation, during storage [16], methanol at 0°C was passed through the heat exchanger tube 17 to cool it to -24 to -18°C.

(Example 4) In the same manner as in Example 3, 20% by weight of acetone or methanol was added to n-decane as a heat storage body, and a heat storage operation was performed, respectively.

As a result, in each case, fine coagulated particles of about Sam or less were dispersed to form a slurry-like heat storage body. In addition, in the heat dissipation operation, the dissolution rate increased due to the finer particles, so the ability to follow the heat dissipation load was better than in Example 3.

(Embodiment 5) FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the heat storage and radiation method of the present invention. In Figure 8, the inner diameter is 105cm, the height is 1
In a 000 mm bottomed cylindrical FRP heat storage/radiation tank l, 6.5 kg of calcium chloride 6 wood salt and nucleating material Na were placed as a heat storage medium.
Add 50g of Cl and use silicone oil 2 as a heat medium.
．． 2 kg were each heated to 40°C and added. As a result, a heat medium layer 2 was formed in the upper layer, and a heat storage layer 3 was formed in the lower layer.

In addition, the upper vicinity of the boundary surface in the heat medium layer 2 and the heat storage layer 3
A stirrer 5 was installed at the bottom of each container, with stirring blades similar to those in Example 1 placed therein.

After that, the heat exchange layer 50 is formed without operating the stirrer 5, and as a heat dissipation operation, the heat exchanger tube 4 provided in the heat medium layer 2 is heated.
Water of 0 to 12℃ is passed through the tube from the outlet of the heat exchanger tube to 18 to 21".
C hot water was obtained. Moreover, the heat storage layer 3 was in a state in which coagulated particles were dispersed at about 30°C.

Next, as a heat storage operation, hot water of 40 to 45°C was passed through the heat exchanger tubes 4. As a result, the coagulated particles were dissolved and the heat storage layer 3 became liquid again and stored heat at about 40 to 42°C. Note that the rotation speed of the stirrer 5 is 400 during heat dissipation operation.
The rpm was 750 rpm during heat storage operation. During the heat storage operation, by increasing the rotation speed, the entire interior of the tank 1 was brought into a mixed state, thereby increasing the heat storage efficiency.

(Example 6) The same procedure as in Example 5 was carried out except that the heat storage and radiation tank 1 was of a closed type and n-hebutane was used as the heat medium. As a result, the temperature of the obtained hot water was 0.5 to 0.5% higher than that of Example 5.
The temperature rose by 1.5 degrees Celsius, and the amount of tozuishi increased by about 10%.

(Example 7) FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram of another example using the same heat storage body and heat medium as in Example 1. In FIG. 9, the heat storage and radiation tank l is a closed type, and in addition to the heat storage and radiation tank l, an open storage tank 16 is provided as in the third embodiment, or contrary to the third embodiment, a line 21 is used to store heat by natural flow. The heat storage body in the upper part of the body layer 3 is transferred into the storage tank 16, and the heat storage body in the lower part of the impulse 16 is press-fitted into the lower part of the heat storage body layer 3 by the pump 31', thereby converting the heat storage body into a power storage heat tank l. It was circulated between the storage tanks 16. In addition, a blower 20 was provided in the heat storage/radiation tank 1 instead of the stirrer, and gas was blown out from the bottom of the heat medium layer 2. Storage tank 16
There is a pump 31 that extracts the heat storage body for heat radiation, and a heat exchanger #! A line 19 for circulating the heat storage body was installed. Further, a solid-liquid separation wall 22 was provided at the bottom of the storage tank 16, so that only the heat storage material that became liquid due to heat radiation was extracted.

In FIG. 9, heat storage was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that air was introduced at 20 i/hr by the blower 20 to form the heat exchange layer 50, and the line 21 and pump 15 were activated at the time of heating to circulate the heat storage body. The operation and heat dissipation operation were performed.

As a result, gas adheres to the ice generated by heat storage, increases the number of floating blades, easily detaches from the heat exchange layer and rises, and prevents ice formation in the entire heat exchange layer, increasing heat transfer efficiency. I was able to do something. Further, by providing the storage tank 16, it was possible to continuously store the maximum amount of ice.

(Example 8) In Example 3, the upper stirring blade of the stirrer 5 was disposed within the heat exchange layer, and the upper stirrer was further equipped with a built-in heater. As a result, the amount of ice produced increased by 30% by weight.

[Effects of the Invention] The heat storage method of the present invention has good heat conduction and rapid heat storage/release speed, and is simple and easy to handle. Furthermore, the present invention can handle a wide range of heat storage and release from cold to hot heat by changing the heat storage body and the like.

In particular, the method of the present invention has good heat conduction, so it is easy to increase the size. Furthermore, when used in an air conditioning water heat storage system, this method can generate sherbet-like ice without causing freezing problems, and can also be used efficiently for heating.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the hot heat storage and release method of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the cold heat storage and release method of the present invention, and Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the water heat storage and release method of the present invention. FIG. 4 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a stirrer used in one embodiment of the present invention. 6 to 9 are cross-sectional explanatory views of other embodiments of the present invention, respectively. l... Heat storage/radiation tank, 2... Heat medium layer 3... Heat storage layer, 4.12.17...-Heat transfer tube 5.5',
1B... Stirrer 6... Stirring blade 7... Medium circulation pump 8... Heat exchanger 10-... Cooler 10'
, 10″... Heater 1... Heat medium circulation pump 13... Vibrator 4...
Main wave pipe 14"...Branch pipe 5...Electric heater 16...Storage tank 9...Regenerator circulation line 2o...Coagulated material L...Downstream line 22
...Solid-liquid separation wall 0...Boundary surface 1.31'--Regenerator circulation pump 0...Heat exchange layer Fig. 4

Claims (6)

[Claims] (1) In a method of storing and dissipating cold heat of 15°C or less by using latent heat using a heat storage body and a heat medium, a heat storage body that changes solid-liquid phase and a heat storage body that has a specific gravity different from that of the heat storage body and direct contact with a heat medium having a pour point temperature lower than the solid formation temperature of to form an interface, flow, vibrate and/or mix the interface during heat storage to form a heat exchange layer and exchange heat, A heat storage and release method characterized by solidifying a part of the heat storage body and separating it from the heat storage body liquid phase. (2) If the specific gravity of the solid generated from the heat storage body relative to the heat storage body liquid phase is small, use a heat medium with a higher specific gravity than the heat storage body; The method for storing and dissipating heat according to claim 1, wherein a small heat medium is used. (3) The heat storage body is an aqueous solution containing at least one of water, lower alcohols, acetone, ethylene glycols, and inorganic salts or an organic compound having a melting point of 15°C or less. Heat storage and release method. (4) In a method of storing and dissipating heat of 5° C. or higher using latent heat using a heat storage body and a heat medium, a heat storage body that changes solid-liquid phase and a heat storage body that has a specific gravity difference with the heat storage body and direct contact with a heat medium having a pour point temperature lower than the solid formation temperature of to form an interface, and during heat dissipation, flow, vibrate and/or mix the interface to form a heat exchange layer to exchange heat, A heat storage and release method characterized by solidifying a part of the heat storage body and separating it from the heat storage body liquid phase. (5) The heat storage/dissipation method according to claim (4), wherein a heat medium having a specific gravity smaller than that of the heat storage body is used. (6) The heat storage and release method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the heat storage body is an inorganic hydrated salt, an alloy, or an organic compound having a melting point of 5° C. or higher.