JP3075395B2 - Thermal storage refrigeration system - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat storage refrigeration system, and more particularly to a heat storage suitable for effective use of a heat storage tank in a refrigeration system having a heat storage tank used for, for example, a building air conditioning system, a freezer, an ice machine, and the like. The present invention relates to a refrigeration system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional ice storage type refrigerating device, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos.
Techniques described in JP-A-92888, JP-A-61-165533 and the like are known. JP-A-50-1
No. 53442 discloses a technique in which a refrigerant pipe row is arranged in a water tank, ice is generated around the refrigerant pipe through the refrigerant through the refrigerant pipe, and when the generated amount reaches a predetermined amount, the flow of the refrigerant is stopped. This is a cold storage method in which ice is separated from the refrigerant pipe.

[0003] Also, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 55-92888 discloses that a number of rod-shaped closed containers in which an evaporative liquid is sealed are arranged in parallel in a heat storage container, and heat storage material crystals are grown on the outer periphery of the rod-shaped closed container. A technology is disclosed in which when a layer grows to a thickness, heat is transferred from the outer surface of the closed container by transferring heat through the closed container by a heater, and is settled or raised using the closed container as a guide for accumulation. Furthermore, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-165533 discloses a cooling device and a cooling method using heat energy in the form of ice slurry or snow at the time of thaw, so-called sheared ice.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Among the above prior arts,
JP-A-50-153442, JP-A-55-928
In the ice detachment method described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 88, a large heat storage tank is installed indoors together with a refrigerator, and sufficient consideration has not been given to the point that the indoor space cannot be effectively used.

[0005] Further, in the latter case, a heating means is required to separate the ice. Further, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No.
In the cold storage using the sheared ice described in Japanese Patent No. 165533, it is possible to install an indoor refrigerator and a large outdoor heat storage tank separately. However, the sheared ice using mere water can be used as the sheared ice. No consideration has been given to the fact that there are many holes in the ice cubes and the ice filling rate in the tank is substantially small. Furthermore, the sheared ice mixed with an antifreeze such as glycol has a problem that the latent heat of solidification of the ice is significantly reduced, and the heat storage capacity of the heat storage tank does not eventually increase.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems of the prior art. The present invention improves the effective utilization rate of a heat storage tank as compared with a conventional refrigeration apparatus using ice cubes, and improves the ice making unit (small size). The solid heat storage material, which is granular or angular ice generated in the heat storage tank, is clogged during the transfer to the heat storage section (large heat storage tank) by simple means using the free fall of the solid heat storage material. It is an object of the present invention to provide an economical regenerative refrigeration system that can be transported so as not to run off, is easy to maintain, and is economical.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, the most basic configuration of a regenerative refrigeration system according to the present invention is a solid thermal storage material generating unit which divides a liquid thermal storage material into a solid thermal storage material. When, in the regenerative refrigeration system having a storage tank for reserving the solid heat storage material, pieces in the solid heat storage material generator
The solidified heat storage material is converted from the solid heat storage material generation unit to granular material.
Or a means for detaching in the form of a square
Means for dropping the solid heat storage material that has been detached and transferring it to the heat storage tank.

In order to achieve the above object, a more specific configuration of a regenerative refrigeration system according to the present invention comprises a refrigerator for flowing a refrigerant to a freezer, a freezer, and a liquid heat storage material. In a thermal storage refrigeration system having a small thermal storage tank around which a solid thermal storage material is grown, and a large thermal storage tank capable of storing liquid thermal storage material and solid thermal storage material, one end is located above the small thermal storage tank. The large established
Comprising a diameter pipes, a solid heat storage material which has been detached from the freezer around, the liquid heat storage material, the large diameter multiphase flow conditions including air
The large heat storage tank is dropped through the pipe .

[0009] The concept of developing the present invention is as follows. In developing the present invention, first,
A basic experiment was conducted on the effect of ice shape on the filling rate in the heat storage tank. As a result, it can be seen that the filling rate of mere water made of snow or powder, that is, so-called sheavet-shaped ice, is unexpectedly low, and that the sheavet ice mixed with an antifreeze such as glycol has a significantly smaller latent heat of solidification than that of the aforementioned ice. In the present invention, such ice is not used. The ice used in the present invention does not use an antifreeze, and the shape of the ice is granular or angular ice having a representative diameter of about 1 mm or more, which is stored in a heat storage tank and used.

In order to manufacture such ice, a small heat storage tank is provided in a freezer portion of a refrigerator installed indoors, and a large heat storage tank is installed outdoors or indoors. A large-diameter pipe that can be transferred was provided. ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, since the free fall of ice is utilized, the conveyance power is small. Further, by interposing air in ice and water, it is possible to prevent the ice from clogging during the transfer and not flowing.

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS First, an embodiment of a regenerative refrigeration system developed in connection with the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing a refrigerating system related to the present invention at the time of freezing, FIG. 2 is a system diagram showing a deicing operation of the apparatus of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a freezer, and FIG.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line AA ′ of FIG. 3. The heat storage refrigeration apparatus shown in FIG. 1 includes a refrigerator 1, a small heat storage tank 2, and a large heat storage tank 3 as main components.

The refrigerator 1 includes a compressor 4, a condenser 5, a pressure reducing mechanism (capillary tube or expansion valve) 6, a freezer 14 provided in the small heat storage tank 2, and a pipe 10 connecting these to form a circulation path. , 11, 12, and 13. The small heat storage tank 2 includes a freezer 14 in a tank 15 and stores a liquid heat storage material 17 such as water or calcium chloride hexahydrate.

The large heat storage tank 3 contains a liquid heat storage material 2 in a tank 25.
6 (generally the same as the liquid heat storage material 17 in the small heat storage tank 2)
Is stored. When it is desired to quickly cool the liquid heat storage material 26 in the large heat storage tank 3 to a desired temperature, the evaporator 7 connected to the refrigerator 1 and disposed in the tank 25 is operated. The evaporator 7 is connected as shown by a pipe 10 ′ branched from pipes 10 and 11 constituting the refrigerator 1. The pipes 13 and 10 'are provided with valves 8 and 9 relating to control valves, respectively, for controlling the amount of refrigerant flowing in the freezer 14 and the amount of refrigerant flowing in the evaporator 7.

As a means for transferring the solid heat storage material (ice) 16 generated around the freezer 14 in the small heat storage tank 2 into the large heat storage tank 3, the solid heat storage material (ice) 16 is provided between the small heat storage tank 2 and the large heat storage tank 3. Pipes 20 and 21 and a slurry pump 19 are provided. Further, between the small heat storage tank 2 and the large heat storage tank 3, a pipe 18 ′ having a valve 18 for returning the excess liquid heat storage material 17 in the small heat storage tank 2 to the inside of the large heat storage tank 2 is provided. Have been.

Further, the liquid heat storage material 26 in the large heat storage tank 3
Is supplied from the large heat storage tank 3 to the small heat storage tank 2 as a heat medium for separating (deicing) the solid heat storage material generated around the freezer 14, that is, a pipe for supplying the heat storage medium into the small heat storage tank 2. The supply pipes 23 and 24 and the pump 22 are arranged as shown in the figure.

The operation of storing cold heat by the apparatus of this embodiment is performed as follows. First, when the compressor 4 is operated, the internal refrigerant (such as Freon) is adiabatically compressed,
It flows into the condenser 5 through the pipe 10, and then enters the freezer 14 while adiabatically expanding in the pressure reducing mechanism 6. Here, heat is taken from the outside and the liquid heat storage material 1 around the freezer
Let 7 freeze. At this time, the solid heat storage material 16 adheres around the freezer 14. After leaving the freezer 14, the refrigerant passes through the pipe 13, the valve 8, and the pipe 10, returns to the compressor 4, and repeats the same cycle again.

The solid heat storage material 16 thus generated is detached from the freezer 14 and transferred into the large heat storage tank 3 as follows. The compressor 4 is temporarily stopped, and a heat medium is introduced into the small heat storage tank 2 from outside. As one of the methods, in the present embodiment, the liquid heat storage material 26 in the large heat storage tank 3 is introduced into the small heat storage tank 2 by the pump 22, and the retained heat is transferred to the freezer 14 and the solid heat storage material 16 therearound. To separate the solid thermal storage material 16 from the freezer 14.

As shown in FIG. 2, the liquid surface of the liquid heat storage material 17 in the small heat storage tank 2 rises, and pieces of the separated solid heat storage material 16 float near the liquid surface. In order to separate the solid heat storage material 16 from the freezer 14, it is more effective to introduce the liquid heat storage material 26 into the tank 15 and then stir it. As the stirring method, it is preferable to use a propeller, not shown, or to perform an operation of once sucking the liquid heat storage material 17 (26) in the tank 15 and then sending it back to the original.

When the liquid heat storage material 26 is supplied to the small heat storage tank 2, the liquid heat storage material 26 in the high temperature portion of the large heat storage tank 3 is sucked by the pump 22 and supplied to the solid heat storage material 16. The effect of withdrawal increases. Therefore, in the case of an ice-water system in which the solid heat storage material is ice and the liquid heat storage material is water,
Up to 4 ° C. of water in the large heat storage tank 3, it is preferable to suck water in the upper part of the large heat storage tank 3 and supply it to the small heat storage tank 2.
After the density inversion occurs as described below, it is advisable to use the water in the lower layer by suction. The solid heat storage material 16 is supplied to the pipe 2 by a slurry pump 19 suitable for transporting solids.
It is transferred into the large heat storage tank 3 via 0,21.

By repeating such an operation, the solid heat storage material 1 is placed in the large heat storage tank 3 as shown in FIG.
6 'is accumulated, so that cold heat can be stored. A valve 18 is provided in the tank 15 constituting the small heat storage tank 2 by a pipe 18 ′. By opening the valve 18, the excess liquid heat storage material 17 in the tank 15 is replaced by a large heat storage tank. 3 or to properly maintain the liquid level in the tank 15.

The cold heat stored in the large heat storage tank 3 by the above operation is used to send the liquid heat storage material 26 to the fan coil unit for air conditioning or to take out the solid heat storage material 16 'itself. For freezing food,
Alternatively, it can be widely used as edible ice ice.

In the present embodiment, when the liquid heat storage material 17 around the freezer 14 is cooled and the solid heat storage material 16 is attached around the freezer, the liquid level is basically higher than the upper end of the freezer 14. It doesn't matter. However, if the liquid surface is present slightly below the upper end of the freezer 14, the time for detaching the solid heat storage material 16 becomes shorter, and after the solid heat storage material 16 is detached, the solid heat storage material 16 is broken into small pieces, The transfer by the pump 19 is facilitated. The reason why the separation time is short is that the heat of the liquid heat storage material 26 introduced into the small heat storage tank 2 by the pump 22 is
The upper exposed surface of the freezer 14 to which the solid heat storage material 16 is not attached directly receives heat, and this heat is transmitted to the lower portion of the freezer 14 by heat conduction, so that the lower solid heat storage material 16 is easily melted away. It is.

The reason that the generated solid heat storage material 16 is easily broken into small pieces is that when the freezer 14 is completely immersed below the liquid level, a cylindrical solid heat storage material which is sealed at one end is generated. On the other hand, when the upper end of the freezer 14 is above the liquid surface, a cylindrical solid heat storage material having both ends open is generated.

When the upper end of the freezer 14 is exposed above the liquid surface as described above, frost adheres to the upper end surface. In detaching the solid heat storage material 16,
When the liquid heat storage material 26 in the large heat storage tank 3 is introduced into the small heat storage tank 2, the above-mentioned frost is also removed. The frost is interposed between the small pieces of the solid heat storage material 16 to improve the space factor in the heat storage tank and increase the heat storage capacity.

Here, the basic structure of the freezer 14 will be described. The freezer 14 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is an open-top freezer that projects upward from the lower part of the tank 15 of the small heat storage tank 2 and is applied to the apparatus of FIGS. The freezer 14 includes a pipe 27 made of copper, aluminum, stainless steel or the like, a lid 31, and refrigerant pipes 29, 30. The pipe 27 is a vertical pipe that is long in the longitudinal direction, and the upper end is drawn into a curved shape, and the remaining hole is welded with a brazing material or the like to provide a plug 28. In the pipe 27, a refrigerant pipe 29,
30 is conducting. The pipe 27 has a lid 3 at the bottom of the tank 15.
1. It is fixed via screws 32. Such a curved drawing structure has an advantage that the refrigerant in the pipe 27 is unlikely to leak out, and the solid heat storage material 16 attached to the outer surface slides on the outer surface of the pipe 27 and easily floats upward.

In the regenerative refrigeration system shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, pipes 20 and 21 provided with a slurry pump 19 are used as solid heat storage material transfer means. However, the structure of the slurry pump for transporting solids is complicated. In particular, since the solid heat storage material may become clogged in the pipe during the transfer and stop flowing, maintenance is required at any time. In view of this, the present invention employs a solid heat storage material transfer unit that utilizes the free fall of the solid heat storage material that is easy and economical to maintain.

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a system diagram of a regenerative refrigeration system showing one embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, components having the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 are the same as those in the related art, and the description thereof is omitted. In the embodiment of FIG. 5, as means for transferring the solid heat storage material 16 detached from around the freezer 14 from the small heat storage tank 2 to the large heat storage tank 3, the solid heat storage material is transferred by free fall, that is, by utilizing gravity. A large diameter pipe 46 is provided.

That is, a large-diameter pipe 46 is provided above the small heat storage tank 2, and the solid heat storage material 16 is passed through the large-diameter pipe 46.
Is dropped while overflowing, and transferred to the large heat storage tank 3. The solid heat storage material 16 entrains air together with the liquid heat storage material 17 (26) in the small heat storage tank 2 to form water,
It falls inside the large-diameter pipe 46 in the state of a mixed phase flow of ice and air. In FIG. 5, reference numeral 16 ′ denotes a solid heat storage material that falls in the large-diameter pipe 46 and is stored in the large heat storage tank 3.

The pipe 23 provided with the pump 22 has
Two branch pipes 44 and 45 are provided, and valves 42 and 43 are provided in the middle of these branch pipes 44 and 45. The valve 42 and the branch pipe 44 are connected to the large heat storage tank 3.
It is used when the liquid heat storage material 26 inside is sent to the tank 15 of the small heat storage tank 2. The valve 43 and the branch pipe 45 are used when the floating solid heat storage material 16 is dropped into the large-diameter pipe 46. For this reason, it is preferable that the tip of the branch pipe 45 be tapered, and the liquid heat storage material 26 sent by the pump 22 be flown into the large-diameter pipe 46 as a jet flow.

According to the embodiment of FIG. 5, the same effects as those of the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2 of the related art described above are expected, and the following effects are obtained. (1) The solid heat storage material 16, which is granular or angular ice generated in the small heat storage tank 2, flows into the large heat storage tank 3 by utilizing the free fall of the solid heat storage material, and a multiphase flow of water, ice, and air is performed. The solid heat storage material can be reliably transferred and stored by simple means.

(2) Since the free fall of the ice is used, the power for transport is small. (3) Since it falls freely with air in ice and water,
There is no problem that ice is clogged in the pipe during the transfer and does not flow, and the ice can be transferred smoothly and reliably. (4) Since an expensive pump, which is structurally complicated and requires maintenance as needed, is not used like a slurry pump, it is an economical and easy-to-maintain solid heat storage material transfer means.

In the above-described embodiment, the refrigerating machine for flowing the refrigerant to the freezer and the freezer for storing the liquid heat storage material are provided.
In a thermal storage refrigeration system having a small thermal storage tank for growing solid thermal storage material around a freezer and a large thermal storage tank capable of storing solid thermal storage material, granular or angular ice generated in the small thermal storage tank Was transferred to a large-sized heat storage tank by a large-diameter pipe utilizing free fall, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and the solid heat storage material of the solid heat storage material generation unit is replaced with the solid heat storage material. The present invention can be generally used for those provided with means for transferring the heat storage material to the heat storage tank by utilizing the free fall of the heat storage material.

The embodiment of the present invention is particularly effective when the small heat storage tank and the large heat storage tank are indoors. However, the small heat storage tank is arranged indoors, and the large heat storage tank is arranged outdoors. Is also possible. The effects of the present invention can be achieved even when both heat storage tanks have substantially the same size.

[0034]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, the effective utilization rate of the heat storage tank is improved as compared with the conventional refrigeration system using the ice in the form of a sheave and the ice making section (small heat storage tank). The solid heat storage material that is the generated granular or angular ice is transferred to the heat storage section (large heat storage tank) by simple means using the free fall of the solid heat storage material, and is prevented from clogging during the transfer. To provide a regenerative refrigeration system that is easy to maintain and economical.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram illustrating a regenerative refrigeration system related to the present invention during freezing.

FIG. 2 is a system diagram showing the apparatus of FIG. 1 at the time of deicing.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a freezer.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line AA ′ of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a system diagram of a regenerative refrigeration system showing one embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Refrigerator, 2 ... Small heat storage tank, 3 ... Large heat storage tank, 4 ... Compressor, 5 ... Condenser, 6 ... Decompression mechanism, 7 ... Evaporator, 8, 9
... Valve, 10,10'11,12,13 ... Piping, 14
... Freezer, 15 ... Tank, 16, 16 '... Solid heat storage material, 1
7, 26: liquid heat storage material, 19: slurry pump, 20,
21 ... pipe, 22 ... pump, 23 ... pipe, 25 ... tank, 2
7 ... pipe, 42, 43 ... valve, 44, 45 ... branch pipe, 46 ... large diameter pipe.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Kazumi Arai 603, Tateura-cho, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Prefecture Inside the Tsuchiura Plant, Hitachi, Ltd. (56) References JP-A 52-76652 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F24F 5/00 102 F25C 1/00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A regenerative refrigeration system having a solid heat storage material generating section for individualizing a liquid heat storage material into a solid heat storage material and a heat storage tank for storing the solid heat storage material, coca solid heat storage material in parts, the
The solid heat storage material generation unit using the heat stored in the liquid heat storage material
A means for detaching in a granular or angular form,
Means for dropping the solid heat storage material that has been separated in a square shape and transferring the dropped solid heat storage material to the heat storage tank. 2. A refrigerator having a freezer for flowing a refrigerant to a freezer, a small heat storage tank having a freezer for storing a liquid heat storage material and allowing a solid heat storage material to grow around the freezer, and a liquid heat storage material and a solid heat storage material. A regenerative refrigeration system having a large heat storage tank capable of storing therein a large-diameter pipe having one end provided above the small heat storage tank.
For example, the solid heat storage material which has been detached from the freezer around, the liquid heat storage material, before in multiphase flow conditions including air through the large diameter tube
A regenerative refrigeration system characterized by being dropped into a large heat storage tank .