JPH043799B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

(Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a grinding/cutting fluid suitable for grinding/cutting, which is a major field of machining. (Prior technology) As the expression suggests, in the past, straight type oils such as mineral oil were used as machining oils, but in recent years the need for water-soluble machining oils has rapidly increased. It's starting to happen. The main reasons for this need for water-soluble oils include not only the conservation of oil resources, but also the risk of fire caused by processing heat, restrictions on the use of equipment under the Fire Service Act, and deterioration of the factory environment due to smoke generation, scattering, etc. It can be given as Against this background, the trend toward water solubility is being promoted, and water-soluble cutting fluids are becoming more common in the grinding field, but water-insoluble fluids are still being used more often in the cutting field. As is well known, grinding and cutting are essentially the same abrasive processing, but the only difference is that the rake angle of the cutting edge relative to the workpiece material is negative in the former and positive in the latter. However, although grinding reduces the amount of machining per process and is often used for machining difficult-to-machine materials, it is more desirable from the standpoint of efficiency if it can be cut. Therefore, in the following description, cutting fluids will be collectively referred to, and grinding fluids will also be included therein. The purpose of using grinding fluid is to supply it to the contact area between the tool and the workpiece during machining, and its lubricating action reduces friction between chips and the rake face of the tool, between the ridged surface of the tool and the machined surface, and during chip formation. At the same time, it removes the generated frictional heat to perform smooth machining, improving machining accuracy and extending tool life. In order to satisfy the above purpose of use, the performance required of cutting fluids can generally be summarized as follows. Good lubricity. This requires good wettability and high oil film strength. Good cooling performance. Low volatilization consumption due to processing heat. Good fluidity and good oil removal from chips. It is transparent, allowing the cutting state to be clearly seen, does not emit smoke, and is easy to work with. Be chemically stable and withstand long-term use and storage. Do not cause rust, corrosion, or coloring on workpieces, tools, or machines. Do not harm the human body of workers or the work environment. Broadly speaking, abrasive cutting fluids can be divided into water-insoluble cutting fluids whose main purpose is lubricating action, and water-soluble cutting fluids whose main purpose is cooling action.Generally, the former has the same concentration or is undiluted to 10 times more concentrated. The latter is usually used at a slightly higher dilution rate, e.g. 30 to 60 times, with water. Not diluting it from the beginning is mainly a problem in transportation and storage, and does not affect the essence of grinding performance. In terms of composition, insoluble cutting fluids use mineral oil as a base oil, mixed with animal and vegetable oils or ester oils, and are further mixed with extreme pressure additives such as chlorine and sulfur-based compounds depending on the processing purpose. . Water-soluble cutting fluids are of the so-called emulsion type, which forms a milky white emulsion when diluted with water.
There are W1 type and W2 type, which is a so-called soluble type that forms a transparent or translucent aqueous solution. As mentioned above, both types are diluted with a relatively large amount of water before use, which tends to cause rust on machines and processed products, and they have inferior lubricity compared to water-insoluble types, and require measures such as waste liquid treatment. There are drawbacks such as: The emulsion type mainly contains mineral oil and an emulsifier, and has superior lubricity compared to the soluble type, but on the other hand, deterioration during use can cause oil separation, rust formation, and odor due to corrosion. Therefore, rust preventive agents, anti-corrosion agents, oil agents, extreme pressure agents, etc. are further added. The soluble type mainly consists of a surfactant called an emulsifier, contains some mineral oil, has rust prevention properties, and has low surface tension, so it has good permeability and is widely used in high-speed cutting and grinding. (Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The current cutting and grinding fluids have been described above, and although both water-soluble and water-insoluble fluids have their own advantages, overall it is not possible to achieve the advantages of either of them. It is desirable to have something that serves both purposes. In other words, it has the same cooling effect as a water-soluble oil, and at the same time has the same lubricity as a water-insoluble oil, improves the corrosion caused by rust caused by conventional water-soluble oils, and can be used to treat waste fluids without containing any oil. There was a strong desire to develop something that would not cause these problems. From the above viewpoint, the present inventors have completed the present invention by developing a grinding fluid that satisfies the following conditions. It is water-soluble and, unlike conventional soluble type and emulsion type, it essentially contains no oil, and all of its constituent components are water-soluble. This is fundamental for the requirements that the workpiece can be cleaned with only water after grinding and cutting, and that there is no need to dispose of waste oil. In a concentrated state, it has the same viscosity and lubricity as oil, and depending on the extent to which it is diluted with water, it can provide cooling properties equivalent to or better than conventional water-soluble grinding fluids. Excellent rust prevention effect.
For example, if there is no need to apply a rust preventive after grinding and cutting, it will greatly contribute to the machining process in terms of tool life and machine life. It has the following characteristics and at the same time has the same or better workability compared to conventional grinding fluids. For example, in grinding processes, it should not be inferior to conventional grinding fluids in terms of overall evaluation such as grinding ratio, grinding noise, surface roughness, and burning. Furthermore, the other properties required of the grinding fluid mentioned above, namely, transparency, non-smoke, chemical stability, and safety to the human body, must also be equivalent or higher. (Means for solving the problems) The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and the cutting/grinding fluid according to the present invention has the following features:
(A) 100 parts by weight of water and (B) a water-soluble polymer compound having at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of an ether group, a hydroxyl group, and a carboxyl group in the polymer constituent unit, or the polymer. (C) 1 to 150 parts by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer in the presence of an aqueous solution consisting essentially of 1 to 150 parts by weight of a mixture with another water-soluble polymer compound containing at least 10% by weight of the compound; The weight ratio of (B) to (C) is 10:1 ~
Its gist is that it consists of an aqueous dispersion of a water-soluble polymer complex with excellent stability and fluidity obtained by polymerization within a ratio of 1:10, or a solution diluted with water. Furthermore, in order to improve the rust prevention effect, cooling effect, electrical conductivity, etc. of the aqueous dispersion of the above-mentioned water-soluble polymer composite, one or more types of inorganic or organic salts may be added to the aqueous dispersion for cutting/grinding. Its performance as a liquid is further improved. The ethylenically unsaturated monomer may be one type, or may be a mixture of two or more types of monomers. The cutting/grinding liquid of the present invention is an aqueous dispersion of a water-soluble polymer composite with excellent stability and fluidity, which was invented by the inventors of the present invention (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publications No. 55-721, No. 55-722). , JP-A-55-125109) was improved,
This opens the door for use as a cutting and grinding fluid. This aqueous dispersion is a special emulsion called a water/water emulsion, and is obtained by polymerizing a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer in the presence of a specified water-soluble polymer. This emulsion contains an aqueous solution of the water-soluble polymer specified above.
A polymer of water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomers (water-soluble polymer) produced by polymerization is dispersed, that is, a water/water emulsion is produced. Furthermore, it is thought that a part of the grafting reaction of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer with the specified water-soluble polymer occurs during this polymerization process, and this grafted product is
It is thought that it greatly contributes to the dispersion stability of the water emulsion. This water dispersion of a water-soluble polymer complex with good stability is an emulsion with relatively low viscosity and good fluidity, and since it is entirely composed of water-soluble polymers, it can be diluted with water. , giving a homogeneous polymer mixture. This is significantly different from the general aqueous solution type, in which the viscosity increases linearly as the solid content increases. The characteristics of grinding and cutting fluids made using these water/water emulsions are that when used as a thickener, they are significantly larger than aqueous solutions such as general polyacrylic acid, and the viscosity of the aqueous solution upon dilution is several times higher. There are twice as many. When dissolved in water and used as a grinding fluid, it provides lubricity similar to that of a water-insoluble oil, and improves grinding performance. Highly concentrated products are translucent, but as the dilution rate increases, they become colorless and transparent. Therefore,
To provide a grinding/cutting fluid that allows easy observation of conditions during grinding/cutting and has excellent workability. It is chemically stable and there is no risk of smoke or combustion. It is harmless to humans and animals. It has excellent low-temperature stability and improves workability in winter. As the cutting/grinding liquid, the aqueous dispersion mentioned above is used.
It can be used as it is or diluted with water, but its performance can be further improved by adding inorganic or organic salts for rust prevention, cooling, and conductivity improvement. These salts include, for example, inorganic salts such as nitrites, sulfites, chromates, and vanadates of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and ammonia for rust prevention, singly or in combination, to dissipate cutting and grinding heat, Inorganic salts such as nitrates, sulfates, carbonates, and halogen compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and ammonia can be used alone or in combination to improve conductivity and other processing properties. In addition, as necessary, nonionic surfactants such as polyethylene glycol type and higher alcohol type, aliphatic salts, higher alcohol sulfate ester salts, liquid aliphatic salts, higher alcohol sulfate ester salts,
Anionic surfactants such as liquid fatty oil sulfate esters, aliphatic amines, sulfates of aliphatic amides and aliphatic alcohol phosphates, cationic surfactants such as aliphatic amine salts, quaternary ammonium salts and alkylpyridinium salts. Surfactants may also be added. When an inorganic salt is added as an additive for the purpose of rust prevention, etc., a viscous thin film of a highly concentrated water-dispersed two-phase emulsion forms as the water evaporates from the diluted state during machining to the workpiece and tools. , the above-mentioned salt is finely dispersed in the structure that coats the machine like an oil film and is separated into two phases, thereby significantly increasing the rust prevention effect. In addition, a composite grinding fluid in which a comparatively large amount of electrolyte inorganic salt is added to increase the conductivity of the grinding fluid, and combined with electric discharge and electrolysis, is also excellent in terms of rust prevention for tools and machines. Here, the polymerizability of the water-soluble polymer composite having excellent stability and fluidity will be explained in detail. The water-soluble polymer compound used in the present invention is one having at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of an ether group, a hydroxyl group, and a carboxyl group in its polymer constituent unit, and specifically, Typical examples include agar, gum arabic, dextran, starch, starch derivatives, cellulose derivatives, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, copolymers of ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, and polyvinyl alcohol. These water-soluble polymer compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more. In addition, these water-soluble polymer compounds may contain functional groups other than ether groups, hydroxyl groups, or carboxyl groups, such as sulfone groups, sulfuric acid ester groups, amino groups, imino groups, tertiary amino groups, and quaternary amino groups.
At least one other water-soluble polymer compound, such as polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylpyridine, and polyethyleneimine, which has at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of class ammonium bases and hydrazino groups in the polymeric constituent unit. May be used in combination with In this case, the proportion of the water-soluble polymer compound having at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of ether group, hydroxyl group, and carboxyl group in the mixture is at least 10% by weight and not more than 10% by weight. In this case, it is difficult to obtain the remarkable effects of the present invention. The blending amount of these specific water-soluble polymer compounds or mixtures of these compounds and other water-soluble polymer compounds is 1 to 150 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 125 parts by weight, and more preferably 5 to 125 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of water. Preferably 10-100
Parts by weight. If the amount is less than 1 part by weight, the effect of lowering the viscosity will be small and an aqueous dispersion with excellent stability and fluidity will not be obtained. On the other hand, the blending amount is 150
If the amount exceeds 1 part by weight, it is not only difficult to dissolve in water, but also because the water-soluble polymer compound itself has a high viscosity, the viscosity of the aqueous dispersion becomes too high, and water with excellent stability and fluidity becomes difficult to dissolve. A dispersion cannot be obtained. The water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer used in the present invention has the following general formulas (a), (b),
It is expressed as (c). In the formula, R is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or a halogen atom, and X is a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal or -
In the NH ₄ group, R ₁ is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R ₂ and R ₃ are the same or different groups, and are a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or a hydroxyacyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms. , R ₄ represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and Y represents

[Formula] group or

[Formula] represents a group. In addition, R ₅ and R ₈ represent an alkylene group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms or a hydroxyalkylene group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and R ₆ , R ₇ , R ₉ and R ₁₀ are the same or different groups having 1 to 5 carbon atoms. represents an alkyl group, R ₁₁
is an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms,

[Formula] or -CH ₂ COOH, Z is a halogen atom, SO ₃ OCH ₃ , 1/2SO ₄ ,
Indicates CH ₃ SO ₃ or CH ₃ COO. Examples of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer represented by the formula (a) used in the present invention include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, sodium acrylate, potassium acrylate, sodium methacrylate, potassium methacrylate, and acrylic acid. Examples include ammonium, ammonium methacrylate, α-chloroacrylic acid, α-bromoacrylic acid, α-fluoroacrylic acid, and the like. Further, as those represented by the formula (b), for example, acrylamide, methacrylamide, N-methylacrylamide, N-methylmethacrylamide,
N,N'-dimethylacrylamide, N,N'-dimethylmethacrylamide, N,N'-diethylacrylamide, N,N'-diethylmethacrylamide, N-methyl-N-ethylacrylamide,
N-methyl-N-ethyl methacrylamide, N-
Examples include hydroxyethyl acrylamide, N-hydroxyethylmethacrylamide, and the like. Further, as those represented by the above formula (c), for example, N,N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate,
N,N-dimethylpropyl acrylate, 1-hydroxy 2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxy-3-(N,N-
dimethylamino)propyl methacrylate, N
-(3-acryloyloxy)-N,N,N-trimethylammonium chloride, N-(2-acryloyloxyethyl)-N,N,N-trimethylammonium methanesulfonate, N-(3-
Examples include methacryloyloxy-2-hydroxypropyl)-N,N,N-trimethylammonium chloride. These water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomers have the formula
One type or a mixture of two or more types shown in (a), (b), and (c) may be used. Further, these water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomers may be used in combination with other water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomers that can be copolymerized with the monomer. In this case, the amount of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer to be mixed is preferably 50% by weight or less. Other water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomers that can be copolymerized with the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer include formulas (a), (b), and (c).
Examples include water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomers of other groups represented by , acrylonitrile, vinylpyrrolidone, vinylpyridine, vinyl acetate, and the like. The blending amount of these water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomers or a mixture of these monomers and other water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomers is 1 part by weight per 100 parts by weight of water.
~150 parts by weight, preferably 10-100 parts by weight,
and the weight ratio of the water-soluble polymer compound to the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer, or a mixed monomer of this monomer and another water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer, is 10:1.
~1:10, preferably 5:1 to 1:5, more preferably 2.5:1 to 1:2.5. If the amount is less than 1 part by weight, a high polymer cannot be obtained due to the low concentration. On the other hand, if the blending amount is 150 parts by weight or more, it is difficult to reduce the viscosity of the aqueous dispersion, and an aqueous dispersion with excellent stability and fluidity cannot be obtained. Furthermore, if polymerization is carried out at a weight ratio of water-soluble polymer compound to water-soluble ethylene monomer that is outside the range of 10:1 to 1:10, the water-soluble polymer compound may be rich or water-soluble. This results in a rich aqueous solution of a polymer obtained from a polyethylene monomer, and the viscosity is controlled by the viscosity of the aqueous solution, making it impossible to obtain an aqueous dispersion with excellent stability and fluidity. The aqueous dispersion of the water-soluble polymer composite of the present invention is prepared by formulas (a), (b),
It can be obtained by polymerizing the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer shown in (c). The polymerization reaction can be carried out by simply applying heat, but
Preferably, radical initiators, ultraviolet light or radiation are used. In practicing the present invention, water-soluble radical initiators such as hydrogen peroxide, potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, etc.
Alternatively, it is preferable to polymerize in the presence of a so-called redox initiator, which is a combination of these and a reducing agent such as an amine or sodium sulfite. The amount of initiator used is 0.005 to 10% by weight based on the weight of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer, and the addition method is as follows:
The entire amount may be added at the beginning of the polymerization, or a portion may be added and the remaining amount may be added as the polymerization progresses. The reaction temperature is between 10 and 100°C, especially between 40 and 70°C. Moreover, the polymerization time is within the range of 3 to 10 hours. The polymerization reaction can be carried out either batchwise or continuously. When producing the aqueous dispersion of the present invention, nonionic surfactants such as polyethylene glycol and higher alcohols; aliphatic salts;
Anionic surfactants such as higher alcohol sulfate ester salts, liquid fatty oil sulfate esters, aliphatic amines, aliphatic amide sulfates, and aliphatic alcohol phosphate esters; aliphatic amine salts;
Cationic surfactants such as quaternary ammonium salts and alkylpyridinium salts may be added, and in particular, nonionic surfactants such as copolymers of propylene glycol and ethylene glycol are preferably added. These surfactants may be used alone or in combination of two or more, and the amount used is 0.05 to 50 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of water.
When the blending amount is 0.05 parts by weight or less, there is no noticeable difference in the effect compared to the case where no additive is added. On the other hand, if the blending amount is 50 parts by weight or more, not only the improvement effect by addition is no longer observed, but also stability may be impaired in some cases, which is not preferable. The surfactant may be added in its entirety at the beginning of the polymerization, or a portion may be added during the polymerization and the remainder may be added appropriately as the polymerization progresses. Further, these surfactants may be added at the end of polymerization. Furthermore, when producing the aqueous dispersion of the present invention, inorganic salts having a solubility in water of at least 1% by weight may be added as necessary. Inorganic salts include chlorides, nitrates, sulfates, and phosphates of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and ammonia, and typical examples include sodium chloride, calcium chloride, calcium nitrate, sodium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, and sulfuric acid. Examples include potassium and calcium phosphate. These inorganic salts may be used alone or in a mixture of two or more, and the amount added is at least 0.5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of water. It should be kept within the range that dissolves in the water. The inorganic salts may be added all at once during polymerization, or may be added intermittently during any period from the start of polymerization to the end of polymerization. Further, these inorganic salts may be added at the end of polymerization. Furthermore, an organic solvent having a solubility in water of at least 2% by weight may be added to the aqueous dispersion of the present invention, if necessary. Examples of organic solvents include alcohol solvents such as methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, and glycerin, ketone solvents such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone, ether solvents such as tetrahydrofuran and dioxane, and amides such as dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide. Examples include solvents. These organic solvents may be used alone or in a mixture of two or more, and can be added in any amount within the range of dissolution in water, but preferably 1 to 50 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of water. %.
The organic solvent is preferably added at the end of the reaction in order to prevent a decrease in the degree of polymerization due to chain transfer to the solvent during polymerization. The aqueous dispersion thus synthesized is used after being diluted to an appropriate concentration depending on the purpose of grinding or cutting. In addition, inorganic or organic salts are added for rust prevention, cooling, and conductivity improvement. The concentration of the aqueous dispersion is preferably 10 to 40% in terms of solid content of the polymer complex. 1-20% single or combined inorganic salts such as nitrites and sulfites for rust prevention; 1-20% inorganic salts such as nitrates and carbonates for dissipating grinding heat and increasing conductivity;
The remainder is mainly water. For normal cutting and grinding, the above salts should be 5 to 15% in total.
%, but it is necessary to contain more inorganic salts in complex machining that combines electric discharge, electrolysis and machining, which has become popular in recent years. For grinding and cutting, for reasons of transportation and storage, the above-mentioned composition is appropriately diluted and used as a solution with a concentration above a certain level. This is the transportation of the raw solution,
This is because it is actually more convenient to adjust the dilution according to the convenience of storage and the purpose of use, and it is clear that theoretically the final diluted state may be used. Usually grinding liquid with a given concentration is 40 to 100
For cutting, it is diluted 1 to 10 times. Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples. (Example) Example 1 Equipped with a stirrer, reflux condenser and nitrogen inlet tube
Add 100 g of water and 20 g of polyethylene glycol (molecular weight 20,000) to a 500 ml flask, mix and dissolve, then add 30 g of acrylic acid and 16.65 g of sodium hydroxide.
g, and further added a 10% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH to 12. Next, while replacing the air in the flask with nitrogen gas, 1.2% of a 0.84% aqueous solution of ammonium, a polymerization initiator, was added to the flask.
ml and 3 ml of a 2% aqueous solution of triethanolamine were added, and polymerization was carried out with stirring at a temperature of 45° C. for 5 hours. The concentration of the polymer water-water emulsion obtained here was adjusted, and NaNO ₂ and NaNO ₃ were added thereto to prepare a grinding fluid with the following composition (hereinafter referred to as the invention product) (Invention product) Polymer water-water Emulsion (polymer composite with 20% solid content) 70wt% NaNO ₂ 4 NaNO ₃ 4 H ₂ O 22 Emulsion type JE-280 manufactured by Johnsson, which is a typical comparison liquid (hereinafter referred to as Comparative Example A ₁ ) and Soluble Type JS-602 (hereinafter referred to as Comparative Example A ₂ ) were used. A grinding test was conducted using SUS440C as the work material under the following conditions. Grinding machine: Mitsui surface grinder Processing method: Surface grinding traverse cut Grinding wheel: 32A bit #80 Grinding wheel peripheral speed: 2195m/min Table feed: 6mm/1pass Table speed: 13m/min Depth of cut: 10μ Grinding material: SUS440, hardened material H _RC 60±2 Grinding fluid dilution rate: 50 times These results are shown in Table 1.

【table】

[Table] From the above, the product of the present invention has the same or better grinding ratio and a considerable improvement in surface roughness compared to typical emulsion and soluble type grinding fluids used as comparative examples. The appearance of the ground surface was also better than when conventional grinding fluid was used. It is particularly effective in preventing burns,
It was found that both lubrication and cooling effects were achieved in a well-balanced manner. Furthermore, with regard to the occurrence of rust on the magnetic chucks of processing machines after use, which is important for the maintenance of tools and machines, the anti-corrosion component of ordinary grinding fluids is 0.5% even after dilution.
The product of the present invention contains around 4% x
It has become clear that approximately 1/50 = 0.08% has a sufficient rust preventive effect, and that the impact of the rust preventive on the environment and the human body can be further reduced. Example 2 500ml with stirrer, reflux condenser and _N2 inlet tube
After adding 100 g of water and 20 g of polyethylene glycol (molecular weight 20,000) to a flask and mixing and dissolving,
Add 30 g of acrylamide and 0.84% of ammonium persulfate, which is a polymerization initiator, while replacing with _N2
1.2 ml of the aqueous solution and 3 ml of a 2% solution of triethanolamine were added, and polymerization was carried out at a temperature of 45°C for 5 hours with stirring. Using the polymer water-water emulsion obtained here whose concentration was adjusted, the invention product was blended as follows in the same manner as the invention product of Example 1. (Invention product) Polymer water-water emulsion (polymer composite: 20% solid content equivalent) 70% NaNO ₂ 4 NaNO ₃ 4 H ₂ O 22 The same comparative example as Example 1 was used, Table 2 shows the results of a grinding test conducted under the same conditions as in Example 1.

[Table] It has become clear that the product of the present invention greatly exceeds the conventional product in terms of grinding ratio, appearance of the ground surface, roughness, etc. What attracts attention among the grinding surfaces is the extremely low resistance to burning, which confirms that both the lubrication and cooling effects that the inventor was aiming for have been achieved. It was also confirmed that rust on the equipment could be sufficiently prevented by using a diluted rust preventive at a small concentration during use. Example 3 Next, the following experiment was conducted to examine the rust prevention effect. Discharge electrolytic grinding was used as the machining method.
The reason for this is that the electrolyte is diluted to 0.7% when used as a grinding fluid, making it conductive. After that, there were problems such as the need to apply enough rust preventive agent. Therefore, the invented product used in Example 2 was diluted to 50%, and 0.7% of NaNO ₃ was added as an electrolyte to this solution, which was used as the invented product, and a 30-fold diluted solution of MEEC cut C manufactured by Clenorton was used as a comparative product. used. The test conditions were as follows. Machine used: Applied Magnetic Research Institute MEEC micro cutting machine EMS-125S Work material: Silicon carbide sintered abrasive stone: Metal board, diamond abrasive grains, viscosity #230/270, concentration 75, outer diameter 10 mm, thickness 0.5mm, hole diameter 25.4mm Cutting conditions: Grinding wheel rotation speed 4000rpm Cutting method Down cut Depth of cut 2mm Length of 1 cut pass 100mm Number of cutting passes 30 Electrical conditions: AC Voltage 60V Current 0.5A Tested under the above conditions We investigated the average load increase over 30 cutting passes (under no load and under load) and the state of rust formation on the magnetic chuck after machine use. The results are shown in Table 3.

[Table] From the above, it can be seen that when the product of the present invention is subjected to complex machining that contains a large amount of electrolyte salts, such as electric discharge and electrolytic grinding, there is a tendency for the machining performance to increase slightly without deteriorating, and there is a concern in normal cases. It has been found that this method has a significant effect on corrosion deterioration of mechanical equipment. (Effects of the Invention) The cutting and grinding fluid according to the present invention is a special emulsion called a water/water emulsion, or one in which inorganic or organic salts are added as rust preventive, cooling, and conductivity improvers. By diluting it to an appropriate concentration and using it, it has cooling action, lubricating action, rust prevention, etc., and is extremely low-pollution.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. (A) 100 parts by weight of water and (B) a water-soluble polymer having at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of an ether group, a hydroxyl group, and a carboxyl group in the polymer constituent unit. (C) ethylenically unsaturated A water-soluble polymer composite with excellent stability and fluidity obtained by polymerizing 1 to 150 parts by weight of monomers at a weight ratio of (B) to (C) in the range of 10 to 1 to 10. A cutting/grinding liquid made by an aqueous dispersion or diluted with water. 2 (A) 100 parts by weight of water and (B) a water-soluble polymer compound having at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of an ether group, a hydroxyl group, and a carboxyl group in the polymer constituent unit; (C) 1 to 150 parts by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer in the presence of an aqueous solution consisting essentially of 1 to 150 parts by weight of a mixture with another water-soluble polymer compound containing at least 10% by weight of the molecular compound; An aqueous dispersion of a water-soluble polymer complex with excellent stability and fluidity obtained by polymerizing the parts by weight at a weight ratio of (B) to (C) within the range of 10:1 to 1:10, A liquid made by adding one or more types of inorganic or organic salts, or a cutting/grinding liquid made by diluting this with water.