JPH04366223A - Constructing method for tree-planting ground - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent a tree-planting substrate from being removed or destroyed at the initial period of the creation in particular, on the creation. CONSTITUTION:After barbed wires are set to be laid on an object surface to be sprayed, the main body M of tree-planting ground material is carried within a one-side hollow pressure-feeding guide passage and is discharged from a spraying nozzle 1 at the tip of the body M or set at the tip. Continuous fiber filaments 5 are joined together at the tip section of the one-side hollow pressure- feeding guide passage, or a spraying nozzle section, or a flow section immediately after the discharge, and the object surface is sprayed with the filament.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

[Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a construction method for greening ground in order to stabilize and green the ground by spraying greening ground material containing continuous fiber yarn onto a slope, etc. Concerning construction methods aimed at preventing the washing away and collapse of buildings.

0002

2. Description of the Related Art A problem often encountered in the method of spraying slopes is that the sprayed material may be washed away by rain or the like. Furthermore, in the case of spraying greening base materials, the material is eroded from the surface by running water.

For this reason, in the case of greening base materials, it is known to mix natural organic fibers such as peat moss and bark compost into the material. However, even if this measure is adopted, even if it is effective in preventing runoff in the early stages, it will become ineffective in the long term due to the loss of ripeness. proposed incorporating processed short fibers such as acrylic fibers into the greening base material.

[0004] However, although it is actually effective to prevent run-off by entangling each short fiber, it is difficult to adequately deal with cases where the run-off occurs over a wide area all at once. Also,
In order to exhibit the washout prevention effect, a considerable amount of fiber must be mixed in, which is not economical.

On the other hand, it is also known to incorporate continuous fiber threads. For example, the applicant's proposal of
No. 47602 discloses that a continuous fiber thread is stretched along a slope with a spray material and hooked onto an anchor. Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-74724 teaches that continuous fiber yarn is mixed with sand or soil and sprayed on the mixture.

[0006] Mixing continuous fiber threads into the spraying material has a great effect of preventing runoff, and is particularly effective in preventing runoff over a wide range, and is economical because the amount of mixed fiber can be reduced, and it also meets the requirements. In terms of properties, the spraying amount per target area is reduced.

[0007]

[Problem to be solved by the invention] Although the sprayed material sprayed on the ground and the continuous fiber thread are integrated due to the entanglement of the fibers, the integration with the ground depends on the adhesive force of the sprayed material. are doing. However, at the beginning of spraying, there is no adhesion of the sprayed material, so it is not integrated with the ground. In other words, if the sprayed material is not solidified and external stress is applied, the sprayed material mixed with continuous fiber threads may collapse as a whole. In order to increase the effectiveness of continuous fibers in preventing runoff, fixation of the fibers themselves becomes a problem, and the installation of anchor pins mentioned earlier was proposed as an effective means. When the mountain is hard or contains gravel, pouring is not easy, and the work is extremely time-consuming and arduous. Further, the narrower the interval between the anchor pins, the more effective it is, but the less economical it becomes.

[0008] Therefore, the main object of the present invention is to economically and effectively prevent erosion and collapse, particularly in the early stages of construction, when constructing a green infrastructure.

[0009]

[Means for solving the problem] The above problem is solved by laying the barbed wire on the surface to be sprayed, and then transporting the greening ground material mainly through one hollow pressure transmission channel and installing it at the tip or the tip of the barbed wire. The continuous fiber thread is ejected from the spray nozzle, and the continuous fiber thread is merged into the tip or the spray nozzle portion of the one hollow pressure feeding conduit, or the flow portion immediately after the ejection,
This can be solved by spraying it on the target surface.

0010

[Operation] In the present invention, when creating a greening base,
Barbed wire is laid on the ground to be sprayed, and the greening ground material is sprayed. Since the continuous fiber threads that are sprayed together with the greening ground material are intertwined with the protruding parts of the barbed wire, it is possible to integrate with the ground and prevent the barbed wire from washing away and collapsing, especially in the early stages of construction.

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 shows an example of a spraying state that is suitably applied in the case of greening base materials. 1 is a spray nozzle, and the main material M to be sprayed is fed from the stirrer 2A through the hose 3 by the pressure pump 2B, and the tip is It is sprayed from the spray nozzle 1 onto the target surface, for example, the slope G.

In this embodiment, barbed wire 17 is laid on the ground G to be sprayed in a pre-process before spraying the greening base material. When laying the barbed wire 17, as shown in FIG. 2, the barbed wire 17 is laid along the vertical direction (inclination direction) of the slope, or along the horizontal direction or diagonal direction. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3, barbed wire 17
They can also be laid along two intersecting directions to form a diagonal lattice or a rectangular lattice (not shown). In addition, it is preferable that the direction in which the barbed wire 17 is laid coincides with the spraying direction in terms of workability and effectiveness. Furthermore, although the barbed wire 17 is continuous in the examples shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, it is also possible to extend the barbed wire one by one. The installation pitch P of the barbed wire 17 is preferably about 50 to 1000 mm, more preferably about 300 to 500 mm. The barbed wire 17 may be a JIS standard product, an Ioa type, a Griten type, etc., or a custom-made product with appropriate changes in protrusion length, pitch, vinyl coating, plastic, etc. as necessary. You can also. Further, as the stopper of the barbed wire 17, for example, as shown in FIG.
A stud 18 having a hook or the like formed on the head shown in FIG.
A U-shaped staple 19 shown in FIG. 5 or the like can be used. Even if the spraying thickness of the greening base material becomes thicker, if the barbed wire 17 is laid on the base, the fibers will be firmly fixed and the binding force will be exerted far above the protruding parts, and the base material will be Stabilize. Furthermore, the fibers caught on the protrusions disperse the load of the sprayed material without concentrating it in one place, thereby preventing the base material from collapsing. In addition, in some cases, depending on the nature of the ground, a diamond-shaped wire mesh or the like may be laid on the slope together with the barbed wire 17 to improve the effect of preventing erosion and collapse. When used in combination with a diamond-shaped wire mesh, for example, the barbed wire 17 may be directly fastened to the diamond-shaped wire mesh using wires or the like without using the fasteners 18 and 19.

A continuous fiber thread 5 of polypropylene or the like mixed in the spraying material is unwound from a winding cheese 6 wound into a cone shape, for example, and passed through a ring guide 7.
The fibers are bundled in the process of passing through the fiber threads, and thereafter supplied as a single fiber thread bundle, and then passed through the reel 8 and introduced into the pressure feeding nozzle 10A, where the fibers are compressed by the compressor 4A and another compressor 4B as a hollow pressure feeding conduit. It passes through the pressure feed hose 9A and the pressure feed hose 9B connected thereto and is ejected from its tip. The tip of the hose 9B is integrated with the spray nozzle 1 by a stopper 11, and the spray direction of the hose 9B is arranged to intersect with the spray direction of the spray material M from the spray nozzle 1. . In FIG. 1, the fiber pressure feeding hoses 9A and 9B are illustrated as being positioned below the spray nozzle 1, but from the viewpoint of merging with the spraying material M, it is actually preferable that they be positioned above.

In the present invention, as in the example shown in FIG. 1, in order to ensure that the fiber yarn bundle 5 is placed on the flow of the spraying material M outside the spray nozzle 1, water is added to the fiber yarn bundle 5. Water is deposited by the addition device 15. As a result, the fiber yarn bundle 5 is prevented from scattering, and also joins the sprayed material reliably and well, resulting in excellent dispersibility in the material after spraying. However, until the superabsorbent fibers are swollen,
Since it is not preferable to add water, it may be added only in a small amount, or may not be added at all. Note that an agglomerating agent or the like can also be added to the conveyance path of the sprayed material.

The continuous fiber threads 5 can also be merged in the spray nozzle 1 or in the pressure hose before the spray material is discharged.

The rotating shaft of the reel 8 is connected to a pulse generator 12 or the like, and by counting the number of pulses, the running speed of the continuous fiber yarn bundle 5, and therefore the continuous fiber yarn bundle 5 can be determined based on the known reel diameter. The ejection amount of the yarn bundle 5 is detected and the ejection amount is controlled. The amount of air to be ejected can be controlled by, for example, adjusting the air flow rate from the compressors 4A and/or 4B with flow rate control valves 13A and/or 13B, adjusting the pressure itself of the compressors 4A and/or 4B, or compressing air from the continuous fiber yarn bundle 5. This can be done by adjusting the feeding speed of the fiber yarn bundle using a brake (not shown) provided at an appropriate position up to the nozzle 10A. In addition, the detected traveling speed of the fiber yarn bundle 5 can be adjusted based on this by adjusting the spraying amount of the spraying material M.
It can also be effectively used to adjust the amount of fibers mixed into the spray material M that is sprayed onto the material M.

A specific example of the pressure feeding nozzles 10A and 10B is shown in FIG. This pressure-feeding nozzle consists of a main body 20 and a pipe 21 that is screwed onto the main body and whose screwing position can be adjusted.The main body 20 is formed with an air supply hole 22 that is orthogonal to the axis of the pipe 21. A header chamber 23 that is elongated in the axial direction is formed between the end of the supply hole 22 and the outer surface of the rear end of the pipe 21, and this header chamber 23 is formed between the end surface of the pipe 21 and the side wall of the header chamber 23. The communication path 20 of the main body 20 is connected to the main body 20 through a ring-shaped pressure air introduction port 24A formed between the pipe 21 and the opposing gap between the tapered surface of the end of the pipe 21 and the front convex portion 20a of the main body 20.
A and the communication path 21A of the pipe 21.

Furthermore, the communication passage 20A of the main body 20 is tapered except for the front part, and the communication passage 21A of the pipe 21 is gradually expanded into a trumpet shape from the tapered surface. As a result, a communication path having a substantially Venturi tube shape is formed.

In such a pressure-feeding nozzle, prior to conveying the fiber yarn bundle 5, the tip of the fiber yarn bundle 5 is threaded into the inside of the pressure-feeding nozzle. Next, when compressed air is supplied from the air supply hole 22, the air once circulates around the entire circumference in the header chamber 23 and reaches the ring-shaped compressed air introduction port 24 with a uniform flow rate.
A and 24B. At this time, since the widths of the compressed air inlets 24A and 24B are narrow, air is ejected diagonally forward and in front of the axis of the communication passage at an extremely accelerated air velocity. Along with this ejection, the pressure around the communication passage 21A is high and the pressure at the center is low.As a result, a large amount of surrounding air is drawn in from the entrance of the communication passage 20A,
The air flows toward the tip with a flow rate many times the amount of air supplied from the compressor 4B and with an increased flow velocity. By this pressure feeding of air, the fiber yarn bundle 5
will be accompanied and transported. In this case, the minimum diameter d shown in FIG. 7 is 3 mm or more, preferably 5 mm or more. This is in contrast to the conventional method of transporting fibers through an extremely narrow inner diameter nozzle.

The continuous fiber yarn bundle 5 thus pumped out is ejected from the tip of the hose 9B. The ejected fiber yarn bundle 5 is eventually drawn into the flow of the spray material M ejected from the spray nozzle 1 and is entrained therein, and is sprayed onto the target slope G. As a result, on the slope G, the continuous fiber thread bundle 5 and/or its fiber thread bundle are separated and become individual fiber threads, and are mixed in a random state, and the slope surface G
Projections 17a, 17a of the barbed wire 17 laid above...
Since the continuous fiber yarn bundles 5 are intertwined with each other, they are integrated with the ground, and especially in the early stages of construction, they are prevented from flowing away and collapsing. In addition, the barbed wire 1 buried in the greening foundation layer
Since 7 functions as a reinforcing material for the base, a stable slope stabilizing layer is formed over a long period of time.

[0021] To fine-tune the spraying state of the main spray material M,
For example, as shown in FIG. 8, this can be done using an adjustment device 30 attached to the tip of the spray nozzle 1. Spray nozzle 1
Only the tip part is a rubber nozzle 1A, and a mounting ring 31 is fixed around it, and a clamping plate 3 is attached to this ring 31.
2 and 33 are pivotally connected, and the main body handle 3 is attached to the lower clamping plate 33.
4 is fixed, and a rotary plate 35 is rotatably pivoted to the main body handle 34 by a pin 36, and the other end of the rotary plate 35 is connected to the upper clamping plate 32 by a connecting rod 37. 3
8 is an operating handle integrated with the rotating plate 35.

For adjustment, when the operating handle 38 is pulled in the X direction with respect to the main body handle 34, the rotating plate 35 rotates around the pin 36, so the upper clamping plate 32 rotates around the pin 39. The clamping plates 32 and 33
As a result, the tip of the rubber nozzle 1A is narrowed, and the sprayed material scatters in a fan shape and flies far. Conversely, if the distance between the handles 34 and 38 is expanded, that is, by loosening the grip on the handle 38, the spray material M will be ejected in a cylindrical shape that will fly far.

On the other hand, as the slope becomes higher or wider, the conveyance distance of the sprayed material and the fiber yarn bundle 5 becomes longer. In this case, there may be a limit to the ability to transport the fiber yarn bundle 5 over a long distance with only one compressor 4A and one pressure feeding nozzle 10A, or there may be cases where it is desired to further stabilize the transport.

For this purpose, as shown in detail in FIG.
In front of the pressure feed hose 9A, another pressure feed hose 9B is spaced apart and connected, and a pressure feed nozzle 10B is attached to the base end of the other pressure feed hose 9B. In addition, the pressure feed hose 9
For convenience in bringing the area between A and 9B to the target spraying location,
The pressure feed nozzle 10B and the pressure feed hose 9A are connected directly to the tip of the pressure feed hose 9A or via a connecting metal fitting 13 fixed to the end of the pressure feed hose 9A. The connecting fitting 13 has an outside air introduction hole 13a formed therein.

According to this embodiment, the fiber yarn bundle 5 is forced into the pressure feeding hose 9A by the compressed air blown by the compressor 4A, and is discharged from the tip thereof. Also,
The compressed air blown from the compressor 4B generates a forward flow of air inside the pressure feed hose 9B, and at this time, a large amount of high-speed outside air is introduced from the outside air introduction hole 13a, so that the air flows from the tip of the pressure feed hose 9A. While drawing the discharged fiber yarn bundle 5 into the pressure feeding nozzle 10B, a strong conveying force is applied to the fiber yarn bundle 5,
As a result, the spray can be stably transported within the pressure feed hose 9B to the target spraying location.

FIG. 11 shows another embodiment, in which a pressure feed nozzle 10B is attached in the middle of one continuous or substantially continuous pressure feed hose 9, and an outside air introduction hole 9a is provided at the base end thereof. It was formed. In this embodiment as well, it is possible to stably transport long distances within the pressure feeding hose 9.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, bulk textured yarn is used as the continuous fiber yarn. Examples of the material include resins of various series such as polyester, polyamide, acrylic, polyvinyl alcohol (including acetalized products), polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, and acetate. Among these, the reason for polypropylene is not clear, but
It is particularly suitable in terms of plant growth. Conversely, polyester can absorb iron in the soil and inhibit plant growth. It is also effective to use conjugate yarns, especially bonded yarns. When this kind of bulky yarn is used, when the fiber yarn or fiber yarn bundle is fed under pressure, the area of friction with the compressed air increases, and conveyance is further improved.Furthermore, the fiber yarns tend to come apart after spraying, and the material to be sprayed is Adhesion with the material also increases. The number of crimps for bulky processed yarn is JIS L.
50-9000 per 25m of 1015, especially 10
0 to 3000 is preferred.

[0028] Furthermore, when constructing the greening base, spun yarn made of single fibers can be used. As a component of this spun yarn, super (high) water-absorbent continuous fibers such as "Lanseal" (trademark) manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd. are partially used in combination. All known materials such as acrylic, vinyl acetate, etc. can be used as the material for the superabsorbent continuous fiber. The number of super absorbent fibers may be plural. This combination can be achieved by preparing the above-mentioned winding cheese 6 for the required number of spun yarns and bundling them with other processed yarns. On the other hand, it is also possible to bundle the processed yarn with continuous metal fibers. Furthermore, it is also possible to use a fiber in which a fiber material with high strength is provided inside and a fiber material with low strength is provided concentrically with the outside.

[0029] As the bulky processed yarn or spun yarn, it is better to use a fiber with a total denier of 50 to 100.
It is better to bundle 2 to 40 0d (denier) fibers and spray them, as they will be more uniformly dispersed on the sprayed target surface.
This is preferable because the base has excellent stability. When bundling, it can be converged by the ring guide 7 as in the above example.

On the other hand, it is conceivable to force-feed only one fiber yarn with a fine total denier, but this tends to cause breakage when conveyed through a hose, whereas bundling increases the overall strength and also reduces the total denier. Compared to the case of using a single thick fiber thread, when spraying, the bundled fiber thread bundles are dispersed into each fiber thread, and the dispersibility per unit area is higher, and other fiber threads are dispersed. Good adhesion with spraying material. In particular, when mortar, which will be described later, is used as the spraying material, friction occurs between the mortar and the fiber threads, which tends to cause breakage. Even if the fiber becomes weak, the fiber thread in the center remains, so it will not be cut during the conveyance process in the pressure hose.

On the other hand, when considering actual construction on a slope,
The maximum length of the pumping plant is 100m and the height is 30m. Therefore, it is important that the continuous fiber yarn bundle is conveyed through the hose without resistance. Although it is possible to use a plastic hose as a hose for this purpose, it has been found that this type of plastic hose generates static electricity and that fiber yarn bundles become clogged in the hose. On the other hand, in the case of rubber hoses, especially hydraulic rubber hoses with smooth inner surfaces, it has been found that smooth transportation is possible without clogging due to static electricity. The inner diameter of the hose is preferably 15 to 30 mm. by the way,
The pressure of the compressed air is preferably 2 to 15 kg/cm2. The flow rate is preferably 0.3 to 5 m3/min. In this case, it is better to make the flow rate and/or pressure to the pressure nozzle 10B the same as or greater than that to the pressure nozzle 10A for excellent long-distance conveyance. In addition, when using the pressure feeding nozzle having the above-mentioned structure, the flow rate is 1.8 to 3.34 m3 in the case of the pressure feeding nozzle of JP-A No. 2-147721.
/min and pressure of 2.0 to 6.1 kg/cm2, whereas flow rate of 0.8 m3/min and pressure of 6.1 kg/cm2 were required.
5 kg/cm2 was sufficient for transportation. In the present invention, the main material to be sprayed is preferably a slurry-like greening base material containing natural organic short fibers (peat moss, bark compost, etc.) or a mud-like greening base material containing Kuroboku or water-purifying cake. Other natural or synthetic short fibers such as acrylic fibers can be mixed into the main body of the sprayed material. The synthetic fiber may be acrylic or nylon. In any case, by mixing short fibers, continuous fiber threads effectively act to prevent collapse of the entire target surface or improve the strength.
The short fibers have an effective function in preventing partial erosion and collapse. Furthermore, it requires a high degree of skill to uniformly disperse the continuous fiber threads on the target slope surface at the time of spraying. On the other hand, short fibers are preferable as long as they are uniformly dispersed in the material in advance because they can be uniformly dispersed on the target slope.

[0032] On the other hand, short fibers can also be appropriately selected from similar materials. The length of short fibers is 4~
100 mm is preferable, and the amount of mixed fibers is desirably 5 to 80% by weight based on the continuous fiber yarn, and more preferably 15 to 100 kg per m3 of the total sprayed material. The amount of continuous fiber yarn mixed into the total sprayed material is 0.
1 to 3.0% by weight is preferred.

[0033] Mortar or concrete-based materials can also be included in the total sprayed material in an amount of up to 10% by weight. In this case, as shown in FIG. 9, a Y-shaped pipe 14 may be provided at the tip of the conveyance path for the main material M to be sprayed by the mortar sprayer 2 and the compressor 4C, and the materials may be merged there.

[0034]

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, when constructing a greening base, it is possible to prevent erosion and collapse, especially in the early stages of construction, and also to install wire mesh, which conventionally required a great deal of effort and time. You can save labor.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first example of the method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the procedure for laying barbed wire according to the method of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the procedure for laying barbed wire according to the method of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a barbed wire stopper.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a barbed wire stopper.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a spacer arrangement procedure.

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of the pumping device.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an example of a jetting condition adjusting device.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of another example.

FIG. 10 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view of a main part of a continuous portion.

FIG. 11 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view of a main part of another example of the continuous portion.

[Explanation of symbols]

1... Spray nozzle, 2B... Pump, 3.9... Hose, 4A
, 4B... Compressor, 5... Continuous fiber thread or continuous fiber thread bundle, 7... Ring guide, 10... Pressure feeding nozzle, 1
7...Barbed wire, 20A/21A...Communication path, 22...Air supply hole, 23...Header chamber, 24A/24B...Compressed air inlet.

Claims (1)

[Claims] Claim 1: After laying barbed wire on the surface to be sprayed,
The greening ground material is mainly conveyed through one of the hollow pressure-feeding channels and sprayed from the tip or a spray nozzle provided at the tip thereof, and the continuous fiber thread is transferred to the tip of the one hollow pressure-feeding channel or the spray nozzle. A construction method for greening ground that is characterized by spraying onto the target surface by merging with the flow part or the flow part immediately after the eruption.