JPH04362258A - Engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an engine which has the simple structure and the superior durability and permits the effective utilization of gas pressure for the piston floating, by forming a gas chamber into which the gas pressure is introduced from a combustion chamber between the side wall inner surface of a cylinder and the side surface of the piston opposed to the side wall inner surface and floating the piston from the side wall inner surface of the cylinder by the gas pressure in the gas chamber. CONSTITUTION:Piston rings 3 and 4 are installed on a piston 2 so that the distance between the pistons 3 and 4 which are arranged continuously on the upper surface 7 of the piston 2 for defining an engine combustion chamber 8 becomes gradually longer from a side surface 15 on the counter thrust side of the piston 2 towards a side surface 16 on the thrust side. A spherical recessed part 17 for allowing an annular eccentric gas chamber 11 which exists between the side surface 9 of the piston 2 and the side wall inner surface 10 of a cylinder 1 and is prescribed between the piston ring 3 and the piston ring 4 to communicate to the engine combustion chamber 8 when the piston 2 exists at a position within a crank angle of 0-20 deg., is formed on the side wall inner surface 10.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to reciprocating engines.

0002

2. Description of the Related Art In a reciprocating engine, a technique has been proposed in which rollers are provided on the side surface of the piston in order to reduce the sliding frictional resistance between the inner surface of the cylinder side wall and the side surface of the piston during the reciprocating motion of the piston.

0003

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, with the technology of providing such rollers, the weight of the piston increases and the inertia of the piston during its reciprocating motion increases, resulting in poor engine response and, for example, poor acceleration performance. etc., the driving performance deteriorates. Therefore, a gas chamber is formed between the inner surface of the side wall of the cylinder and the side surface of the piston facing the inner surface of the side wall, into which the gas pressure from the combustion chamber is guided, and the gas pressure in this gas chamber moves the piston from the inner surface of the side wall of the cylinder. A technique has been proposed in which the piston is floated to reduce the sliding frictional resistance between the inner surface of the cylinder side wall and the side surface of the piston during reciprocating motion of the piston.

However, in the proposed technology, a passage for guiding the gas pressure from the combustion chamber to the gas chamber is provided in the piston, and a check valve is provided in this passage. Although this is satisfactory in terms of air-floating the piston, the structure is somewhat complicated.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and its object is to prevent gas pressure from the combustion chamber between the inner surface of the side wall of the cylinder and the side surface of the piston facing the inner surface of the side wall. This engine has a simple structure, excellent durability, and is effective against piston floating. An object of the present invention is to provide an engine that can utilize gas pressure.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems] According to the present invention, the object is to provide a first piston ring disposed adjacent to the upper surface of a piston that defines an engine combustion chamber; the first and second piston rings so that the distance between them and the second piston ring gradually increases from the anti-thrust side of the piston to the thrust side opposite to this anti-thrust side. A piston ring is installed on the piston, so that the piston is at 0 crank angle.
between the piston side surface and the inner surface of the cylinder side wall facing the piston side surface, and between the first piston ring and the second piston ring. This is achieved by an engine in which a gas passage connecting an annular biased gas chamber to an engine combustion chamber is provided by forming a spherical recess in the inner surface of the cylinder side wall.

According to the present invention, the above object is such that the pressure-receiving area of the side surface of the piston that receives gas pressure is greater than the side surface on the anti-thrust side of the piston than the side surface on the thrust side opposite to the side surface on the anti-thrust side. a first piston ring disposed between a side surface of the piston and an inner surface of a cylinder side wall facing the side surface of the piston and adjacent to an upper surface of the piston defining an engine combustion chamber; An annular space defined between the ring and a second piston ring disposed adjacent to the ring is formed as a bias gas chamber, and when the piston is at a position between 0 degrees and 20 degrees in crank angle, This can also be achieved by an engine in which a gas passage that communicates the gas chamber with the engine combustion chamber is formed by forming a spherical recess in the inner surface of the cylinder side wall.

According to one aspect of the present invention, in the above-mentioned engine, the first piston ring is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the piston substantially parallel to the upper surface of the piston defining the engine combustion chamber, and the second piston ring is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the piston at an angle with respect to the first piston ring.

In one preferred example, the gas passage in the present invention is configured to communicate the biased gas chamber with the combustion chamber of the engine with the maximum degree of opening when the piston is located at a position corresponding to approximately 10 degrees of crank angle. It is formed on the inner surface of the cylinder side wall. In addition, when the piston is located at a position corresponding to approximately 0 degrees in terms of crank angle, this gas passage cuts off communication between the biased gas chamber and the engine combustion chamber, or slightly connects the biased gas chamber and the engine combustion chamber. It is preferable that the bias gas chamber is formed on the inner surface of the cylinder side wall so as to communicate with each other, and furthermore, to cut off communication between the biased gas chamber and the engine combustion chamber when the piston is positioned at a crank angle of approximately 20 degrees or more. . The gas passage in the present invention may be formed anywhere in the circumferential direction on the inner surface of the cylinder side wall, but in a preferred example, it is formed on the inner surface of the cylinder side wall facing the thrust side surface of the piston. Only one spherical recess may be used as the main gas passage, but instead, a plurality of recesses may be provided in the circumferential direction of the inner surface of the cylinder side wall at positions shifted from each other in the reciprocating direction of the piston, or at the same position. .

[0010] In the present invention, it is preferable that the abutting portions at both ends of the second piston ring are tightly abutted or fitted so that the gas in the biased gas chamber does not leak through the abutting portions at both ends.

[0011]

[Operation] In the engine of the present invention configured as described above,
The first and second piston rings are arranged such that the distance between the first and second piston rings gradually increases from the anti-thrust side of the piston to the thrust side opposite to the anti-thrust side. Because a piston ring is provided on the piston to form a biased gas chamber, or because the pressure receiving area of the side surface of the piston that receives gas pressure is larger than that of the side surface of the piston on the anti-thrust side, Since the annular space is formed as a biased gas chamber so that it becomes larger on the side, the piston is moved into the cylinder by the gas pressure of the biased gas chamber introduced through the gas passage formed on the inner surface of the cylinder side wall. As a result of the air being floated in accordance with the difference in pressure receiving area within the piston, the sliding frictional resistance with the inner surface of the cylinder side wall is reduced and the piston reciprocates. If the piston is moved to a position other than approximately 0 to 20 degrees in crank angle, the biased gas chamber and the engine combustion chamber will no longer communicate with each other. The gas pressure introduced into the annular deflection gas chamber through the gas passage by an explosion in the engine combustion chamber when the piston is moved into position is maintained even when the piston is moved beyond approximately 20 degrees of crank angle. As a result, even during movement at a crank angle exceeding approximately 20 degrees, the sliding frictional resistance with the inner surface of the cylinder side wall is sufficiently reduced, and the piston is able to reciprocate.

The present invention will be explained below based on preferred embodiments shown in the drawings. This will make the invention and further inventions clear.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to these specific examples in any way.

[0014]

[Specific Example] In FIGS. 1 and 2, piston rings 3 and 4 and an oil shovel ring 5 are fitted above a piston 2 arranged in a cylinder 1. A piston ring 3 having a butt part 6 that is tightly fitted to prevent combustion gas from leaking is connected to a piston 2 that defines an engine combustion chamber 8.
It is arranged substantially parallel to the upper surface 7 of.

The piston rings 4 are arranged such that the distance between the piston rings 3 and 4 becomes gradually longer from the anti-thrust side surface 15 of the piston 2 toward the thrust side side surface 16 opposite to the anti-thrust side surface 15. In other words, it is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the piston 2 at an angle with respect to the piston ring 3 so that the distance D2 is longer than the distance D1. As a result, between the side surface 9 of the piston 2 and the inner side wall 10 of the cylinder 1 facing the side surface 9 of the piston 2, and between the piston ring 3 and the piston ring 4
The annular space defined between the annular space and the annular space is such that the pressure receiving area of the side surface 9 of the piston 2 that receives gas pressure in the annular space is larger on the side surface 16 on the thrust side than on the side surface 15 on the anti-thrust side. It is designed as a biased gas chamber 11.

The abutting portions 12 at both ends of the piston ring 4 are as follows:
The piston ring 4 and the oil paddle ring 5 are tightly abutted or fitted together so that the gas in the biased gas chamber 11 does not leak into the annular space defined between the piston ring 4 and the oil paddle ring 5 through the abutting portions 12 at both ends. The oil scrubbing ring 5 is located at both ends abutting portions 1 of the piston ring 4.
Gas leaked into the annular space defined between the piston ring 4 and the oil scrubber ring 5 through the piston ring 2 is prevented from further escaping to the outside.

The inner surface 10 of the cylinder side wall facing the thrust-side side surface 16 of the piston 2 is provided with a bias gas chamber 11 that is connected to the engine combustion chamber when the piston 2 is located at a crank angle of approximately 0 degrees to 20 degrees. A spherical recess 17 is formed as a gas passage that communicates with the gas passage.

A connecting rod 14 is connected to the piston 2 via a shaft 13.

In the engine configured as described above, the gas pressure generated by explosion in the engine combustion chamber 8 during the explosion stroke is as follows:
It is introduced into the biased gas chamber 11 via the spherical recess 17 . In response to the biased side pressure of the biased gas chamber 11 based on the introduced gas pressure, the piston 2 moves toward the inner surface of the side wall 1 during its reciprocating motion.
0, especially the side wall inner surface 10 facing the thrust side side surface 16
surface against. The piston 2, which is floated against the inner surface of the side wall 10 by gas pressure, reciprocates with extremely low sliding friction resistance, thereby improving the fuel efficiency of the engine.

[0020] Piston 2 has a crank angle of approximately 20
If the piston 2 is moved to a position exceeding 0° to 20°, the eccentric gas chamber 11 and the engine combustion chamber 8 will no longer communicate with each other. The gas pressure introduced into the deflection gas chamber 11 through the spherical recess 17 due to the explosion in the chamber 8 is maintained even when the piston 2 is moved to a position exceeding approximately 20 degrees of crank angle, as a result of which the crankshaft almost 20 at the corner
Even during movement at an excessive position, the sliding frictional resistance with the inner surface 10 of the side wall of the cylinder 1 is sufficiently reduced, and the piston 2 is able to reciprocate.

[0021]

As described above, according to the engine of the present invention, the first piston ring is arranged adjacent to the upper surface of the piston that defines the engine combustion chamber, and the first piston ring is arranged adjacent to the first piston ring. The first and second piston rings are arranged so that the distance between them gradually increases from the anti-thrust side of the piston to the thrust side opposite to this anti-thrust side. A piston ring is provided on the piston to form a biased gas chamber, or the pressure-receiving area of the side surface of the piston that receives gas pressure is greater than the side surface on the anti-thrust side of the piston than on the side surface on the thrust side opposite to the side surface on the anti-thrust side. The annular space defined between the piston side surface and the inner surface of the cylinder side wall facing the piston side surface and between the first piston ring and the second piston ring is used as a biased gas chamber so that A spherical recess is formed on the inner surface of the cylinder side wall to provide a gas passage that communicates the biased gas chamber with the engine combustion chamber when the piston is located at a crank angle of approximately 0 degrees to 20 degrees. As a result, the structure is extremely simple and has excellent durability.Moreover, the gas pressure introduced into the biased gas chamber can be maintained during the reciprocating movement of the piston, and as a result, the sliding friction resistance can be favorably reduced. . Since the gas passage is comprised of a spherical recess formed on the inner surface of the cylinder side wall, it is possible to reduce the possibility that carbon residue or the like will accumulate in the gas passage and cause the gas passage to become clogged.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially sectional side view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially sectional plan view shown in FIG. 1;

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Cylinder 2 Piston 3 Piston ring 4 Piston ring 11 Offset gas chamber D1 Distance D2 Distance 17 Spherical recess

Claims (7)

[Claims] Claim 1: Distance between a first piston ring located adjacent to the upper surface of the piston defining an engine combustion chamber and a second piston ring located adjacent to the first piston ring. The first and second piston rings are provided on the piston so that they become gradually longer from the anti-thrust side of the piston to the thrust side opposite to this anti-thrust side, and the piston is rotated at a crank angle. defined between the piston side surface and the inner surface of the cylinder side wall facing the piston side surface and between the first piston ring and the second piston ring when the piston is located at a position from approximately 0 degrees to 20 degrees. An engine in which a spherical recess is formed in the inner surface of a cylinder side wall to provide a gas passage that communicates an annular biased gas chamber with an engine combustion chamber. [Claim 2] The side surface of the piston and the side surface thereof are arranged so that the pressure receiving area of the side surface of the piston that receives gas pressure is larger on the side surface on the thrust side opposite to the side surface on the anti-thrust side of the piston than on the side surface on the anti-thrust side of the piston. A first piston ring disposed between the inner surface of the cylinder side wall facing the side surface of the piston and adjacent to the upper surface of the piston defining an engine combustion chamber; and a second piston ring disposed adjacent to the first piston ring. The annular space defined between the second piston ring and the second piston ring is formed as a biased gas chamber, and the biased gas chamber is communicated with the engine combustion chamber when the piston is located at a crank angle of approximately 0 degrees to 20 degrees. This engine has a gas passage formed by forming a spherical recess on the inner surface of the cylinder side wall. 3. The first piston ring is disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the piston substantially parallel to the upper surface of the piston that defines the engine combustion chamber, and the second piston ring is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the piston, and
The engine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the engine is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the piston at an angle with respect to the first piston ring. 4. The gas passage is formed on the inner surface of the cylinder side wall so that when the piston is located at a position corresponding to approximately 10 degrees in crank angle, the biased gas chamber communicates with the engine combustion chamber with a maximum opening degree. The engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: 5. The gas passage is configured to block communication between the biased gas chamber and the engine combustion chamber or to connect the biased gas chamber and the engine combustion chamber when the piston is located at a position corresponding to approximately 0 degrees in terms of crank angle. The engine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the engine is formed on the inner surface of the cylinder side wall so as to slightly communicate with each other. 6. The engine according to claim 1, wherein the gas passage is formed on the inner surface of the cylinder side wall facing the thrust side side of the piston. 7. The gas passage is formed on the inner surface of the cylinder side wall so as to cut off communication between the biased gas chamber and the engine combustion chamber when the piston is positioned at a crank angle of approximately 20 degrees or more. The engine according to any one of items 1 to 6.