JP2929771B2 - engine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a reciprocating engine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a reciprocating engine, a technique has been proposed in which a roller is provided on the side surface of the piston in order to reduce the sliding friction resistance between the inner surface of the cylinder side wall and the side surface of the piston during the reciprocating movement of the piston.

[0003]

However, in the technique of providing such a roller, the weight of the piston is increased and the inertia in the reciprocation of the piston is increased, which deteriorates the responsiveness of the engine. And other driving performance. Therefore, a gas chamber in which gas pressure from the combustion chamber is guided is formed between the inner surface of the cylinder side wall and the side surface of the piston facing the inner surface of the side wall, and the piston is moved from the inner surface of the side wall of the cylinder by the gas pressure of the gas chamber. A technique has been proposed in which the sliding frictional resistance between the inner surface of the cylinder side wall and the side surface of the piston during the reciprocation of the piston is reduced by floating the piston.

However, in the proposed technique, a passage for guiding the gas pressure from the combustion chamber to the gas chamber is provided in the piston, and a check valve is provided in this passage. Is satisfactory in terms of air-floating the piston, but the structure is slightly more complicated.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned points, and an object of the present invention is to reduce a gas pressure from a combustion chamber between an inner surface of a side wall of a cylinder and a side surface of a piston facing the inner surface of the side wall. In the engine, in which a gas chamber to be guided is formed, and the piston is floated from the inner surface of the side wall of the cylinder by the gas pressure of the gas chamber (floating), the structure is simple and excellent in durability, and in addition, it is effective against piston floating An object of the present invention is to provide an engine that can utilize gas pressure.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, there is provided a first piston ring disposed adjacent a top surface of a piston defining an engine combustion chamber and a first piston ring disposed adjacent the first piston ring. The first and the second so that the distance between the second piston ring and the second piston ring gradually increases from the anti-thrust side surface of the piston toward the thrust side surface opposite to the anti-thrust side surface. The piston ring is provided on the piston, and when the piston is located at a position of approximately 0 to 20 degrees in crank angle, between the piston side surface and the inner surface of the cylinder side wall facing the piston side surface, A gas passage is formed on the inner surface of the cylinder side wall to connect the annular bias gas chamber defined between the piston ring and the second piston ring to the engine combustion chamber. It is achieved by the emissions.

Further, according to the present invention, the object is that the pressure receiving area of the side surface of the piston for receiving the gas pressure is closer to the thrust side surface opposite to the anti-thrust side surface side than the non-thrust side surface side of the piston. A first piston ring and a first piston disposed between the side of the piston and the inner surface of the cylinder side wall facing the side of the piston and adjacent to the top of the piston defining the engine combustion chamber; An annular space defined between a second piston ring disposed adjacent to the ring is formed as a bias gas chamber, and when the piston is located at a position between approximately 0 degrees and 20 degrees in crank angle, The present invention is also achieved by an engine in which a gas passage for communicating a bias gas chamber with an engine combustion chamber is formed on an inner surface of a cylinder side wall.

In one aspect of the present invention, in the above-described engine, the first piston ring is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the piston substantially parallel to the upper surface of the piston that defines the engine combustion chamber, and the second piston ring Are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the piston so as to be inclined with respect to the first piston ring.

In one preferred embodiment, the gas passage in the present invention allows the bias gas chamber to communicate with the engine combustion chamber with the maximum degree of opening when the piston is at a position corresponding to approximately 10 degrees of crank angle. In addition, it is formed on the inner surface of the cylinder side wall. Further, this gas passage cuts off the communication between the bias gas chamber and the engine combustion chamber when the piston is located at a position corresponding to almost 0 degree in crank angle, or slightly connects the bias gas chamber and the engine combustion chamber. It is preferable that the piston is formed on the inner surface of the cylinder side wall so as to cut off the communication between the bias gas chamber and the engine combustion chamber when the piston is positioned at a crank angle of about 20 degrees or more so as to communicate with each other. . The gas passage in the present invention may be formed at any place in the circumferential direction of the inner surface of the cylinder side wall, but in a preferred example, it is formed on the inner surface of the cylinder side wall facing the thrust side surface of the piston. In one example, the present gas passage is embodied by forming a recess on the inner surface of the cylinder side wall, but the present invention is not limited to this, and may be embodied by forming a through hole in the inner surface of the cylinder side wall. . The gas passage may have one recess or through hole, but instead may have a plurality of recesses or through holes in the circumferential direction of the inner surface of the cylinder side wall.

It is preferable that the butting portions at both ends of the second piston ring in the present invention are tightly contacted or fitted so that the gas in the bias gas chamber does not leak through the butting portions at both ends.

[0011]

In the engine of the present invention configured as described above,
The first and second piston rings are arranged such that the distance between the first and second piston rings gradually increases from the anti-thrust side surface of the piston toward the thrust side surface opposite to the anti-thrust side surface. Because the piston ring is provided on the piston to form the bias gas chamber, or the pressure receiving area on the side of the piston that receives the gas pressure is smaller on the thrust side opposite the thrust side than on the side opposite to the thrust of the piston. Since the annular space is formed as a bias gas chamber so as to be larger on the side surface, the piston is acted on by the gas pressure of the bias gas chamber introduced through a gas passage formed on the inner surface of the cylinder side wall, so that the cylinder is actuated. As a result, the piston is reciprocated by reducing the sliding frictional resistance with the inner surface of the cylinder side wall. When the piston is moved to a position other than approximately 0 to 20 degrees in crank angle, the bias gas chamber and the engine combustion chamber are not communicated with each other, so that the piston is moved from approximately 0 to 20 degrees in crank angle. When the piston is moved to the position, the gas pressure introduced into the annular bias gas chamber through the gas passage by the explosion in the engine combustion chamber is maintained even if the piston is moved to a position exceeding approximately 20 degrees in crank angle. As a result, even when the crank angle exceeds approximately 20 degrees, the sliding frictional resistance with the inner surface of the cylinder side wall is sufficiently reduced, and the piston is reciprocated.

The present invention will be described below based on preferred embodiments shown in the drawings. This will clarify the invention described above and other inventions.

The present invention is not limited to these specific examples.

[0014]

1 and 2, piston rings 3 and 4 and an oil scraping ring 5 are fitted above a piston 2 disposed in a cylinder 1. As shown in FIG. The piston ring 3 having the butted portion 6 closely fitted to prevent the leakage of the combustion gas is used for the piston 2 defining the engine combustion chamber 8.
Are arranged substantially in parallel with the upper surface 7 of the main body.

The distance between the piston rings 3 and 4 of the piston ring 4 is gradually increased from the anti-thrust side surface 15 of the piston 2 to the thrust side surface 16 facing the anti-thrust side surface 15. In other words, it is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the piston 2 so as to be inclined with respect to the piston ring 3 so that the distance D2 is longer than the distance D1. As a result, between the side surface 9 of the piston 2 and the inner surface 10 of the side wall of the cylinder 1 facing the side surface 9 of the piston 2 and between the piston ring 3 and the piston ring 4
And the pressure receiving area of the side surface 9 of the piston 2 that receives gas pressure in the annular space is larger on the thrust side surface 16 side than on the non-thrust side surface 15 side. In addition, a bias gas chamber 11 is formed.

The butting portions 12 at both ends of the piston ring 4
The gas in the bias gas chamber 11 is tightly contacted or fitted so as not to leak into the annular space defined between the piston ring 4 and the oil scraper ring 5 through the butting portions 12 at both ends.
The oil scraping ring 5 is a joint 1 at both ends of the piston ring 4.
The gas leaked into the annular space defined between the piston ring 4 and the oil remover ring 5 via the second ring 2 is prevented from further escaping to the outside.

When the piston 2 is located at a position of approximately 0 to 20 degrees in crank angle, the bias gas chamber 11 is formed on the inner surface 10 of the cylinder side wall facing the thrust side surface 16 of the piston 2 in the engine combustion chamber. A recess 17 is formed as a gas passage communicating with 8.

A connecting rod 14 is connected to the piston 2 via a shaft 13.

In the engine configured as described above, the gas pressure generated by the explosion in the engine combustion chamber 8 during the explosion stroke is:
The gas is introduced into the bias gas chamber 11 through the recess 17. The piston 2 receives the deviated lateral pressure of the deviating gas chamber 11 based on the introduced gas pressure, and the piston 2 reciprocates, and the piston 2 reciprocates.
In particular, it floats on the side wall inner surface 10 facing the thrust side surface 16. The piston 2 levitated against the inner surface 10 of the side wall by the gas pressure reciprocates with extremely low sliding frictional resistance, which can improve the fuel efficiency of the engine.

When the piston 2 has a crank angle of about 20
If the piston 2 is moved to a position between approximately 0 and 20 degrees in crank angle when the piston 2 is moved to a position between approximately 0 degrees and 20 degrees in crank angle, the biased gas chamber 11 and the engine combustion chamber 8 are not communicated with each other. The gas pressure introduced into the biasing gas chamber 11 via the recess 17 by the explosion in the chamber 8 is maintained even if the piston 2 is moved to a position exceeding approximately 20 degrees in crank angle, so that the crank angle is reduced. Thus, even during movement at a position exceeding approximately 20 degrees, the sliding frictional resistance with the side wall inner surface 10 of the cylinder 1 is sufficiently reduced, and the piston 2 reciprocates.

[0021]

As described above, according to the engine of the present invention, the first piston ring disposed adjacent to the upper surface of the piston defining the engine combustion chamber and the first piston ring disposed adjacent to the first piston ring. The distance between the first piston ring and the second piston ring is gradually increased from the anti-thrust side surface of the piston toward the thrust side surface opposite to the anti-thrust side surface. A piston ring is provided on the piston to form a bias gas chamber, or the pressure receiving area of the piston side that receives gas pressure is closer to the thrust side surface opposite to the anti-thrust side surface than to the anti-thrust side surface of the piston. Between the piston side and the inner surface of the cylinder side wall facing the piston side, and between the first piston ring and the second piston ring. The defined annular space is formed as a bias gas chamber, and a gas passage for communicating the bias gas chamber with the engine combustion chamber when the piston is located at a position of approximately 0 to 20 degrees in crank angle is formed on the inner surface of the cylinder side wall. Because of this, the structure can be made extremely simple and excellent in durability, and furthermore, the gas pressure introduced into the bias gas chamber can be maintained during the reciprocation of the piston, so that the sliding friction resistance is preferably reduced. Can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional side view of one preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional plan view shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 cylinder 2 piston 3 piston ring 4 piston ring 11 bias gas chamber D1 distance D2 distance 17 recess

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] 1. The distance between a first piston ring disposed adjacent to an upper surface of a piston defining an engine combustion chamber and a second piston ring disposed adjacent to the first piston ring. The first and second piston rings are provided on the piston so that the length is gradually increased from the anti-thrust side surface of the piston toward the thrust side surface opposite to the anti-thrust side surface. Defined between the piston side and the inner surface of the cylinder side wall facing the piston side and between the first piston ring and the second piston ring when located at a position substantially from 0 to 20 degrees; An engine in which a gas passage for communicating the formed annular bias gas chamber with the engine combustion chamber is formed on an inner surface of a cylinder side wall. 2. The piston side face and the piston side face such that the pressure receiving area of the piston side face for receiving gas pressure is larger on the thrust side face opposite to the anti-thrust side face than on the anti-thrust side face of the piston. A first piston ring disposed between the inner surface of the cylinder side wall facing the piston side surface and adjacent to the upper surface of the piston defining the engine combustion chamber, and a first piston ring disposed adjacent to the first piston ring. An annular space defined between the two piston rings is formed as a bias gas chamber, and the bias gas chamber communicates with the engine combustion chamber when the piston exists at a position of approximately 0 to 20 degrees in crank angle. An engine having a gas passage formed in an inner surface of a cylinder side wall. 3. The first piston ring is disposed on an outer peripheral surface of the piston substantially parallel to a top surface of the piston defining an engine combustion chamber, and the second piston ring is arranged with respect to the first piston ring. The engine according to claim 1, wherein the engine is inclined and disposed on an outer peripheral surface of the piston. 4. The gas passage is formed on the inner surface of the cylinder side wall such that the bias gas chamber communicates with the engine combustion chamber with a maximum opening when the piston is located at a position corresponding to approximately 10 degrees of crank angle. The engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: 5. The gas passage blocks communication between the bias gas chamber and the engine combustion chamber when the piston is located at a position corresponding to approximately 0 degrees of the crank angle, or disconnects the bias gas chamber and the engine combustion chamber from each other. The engine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the engine is formed on an inner surface of a cylinder side wall so as to slightly communicate with the engine. 6. The engine according to claim 1, wherein the gas passage is formed on an inner surface of a cylinder side wall facing a side surface on a thrust side of the piston. 7. The gas passage is formed on an inner surface of a cylinder side wall so as to cut off communication between the bias gas chamber and the engine combustion chamber when the piston is positioned at a crank angle of about 20 degrees or more. Item 7. The engine according to any one of items 1 to 6.