JPH0435319B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to composite materials, particularly hard members (metal plates, synthetic resin plates, etc.)-foams (synthetic resin foams, inorganic foams), or hard members-foams-flexible members ( The present invention relates to a device for beautifully drilling a through hole of an appropriate diameter in a composite material which is laminated and integrated in the order of sheets (sheet-like materials, etc.) without damaging the foam or the like. Generally, when drilling a through hole in a composite material in which different materials are laminated, a drill or a press (with a punch as an upper blade and a die as a lower blade) is usually used. However, if the foreign member is made of a hard material-elastic material, or a slightly brittle foam-flexible material, etc., and the elastic material is bulky, even if the above-mentioned tools and devices are used to make holes, the flexible material will not penetrate into the cushion of the foam material. Due to the nature of the material, the shearing force does not act sufficiently and it only compresses, and then the hard material is punched out as if it were to be peeled off, so the size of the through holes may be uneven or it may not be possible to drill the desired through holes. There were other drawbacks. Furthermore, the wall surface of the through hole becomes a rough surface, and the cutter becomes less sharp, resulting in the disadvantage that burrs form on the outer periphery of the hole in the hard material. Of course, there was a drawback that the product had to be deburred before use, and the number of man-hours was increased. In order to eliminate such drawbacks, the present invention has a blade that can cut in two stages, and is capable of reciprocating on the same axis, and the blade in the first stage is designed to facilitate cutting of foams and flexible materials. In addition, the structure is simplified and miniaturized, and the through hole is made into a beautiful cut (cut end) and wall surface of the through hole, and the through hole is reliably drilled to a predetermined diameter. This paper proposes a device that can be installed. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a perforating device for composite materials according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a typical example of the above-mentioned device, and 1 is a tool holder mounting part (hereinafter simply referred to as the mounting part), which is a mechanism that reciprocates linearly by a set distance (stroke) using, for example, a ram. (not shown), and the holder 2 is easily attached and detached. The holder 2 has a mounting shaft 3 at the upper end and a support section 4 at the lower end, and the mounting shaft 3 is fitted into the mounting section 1 and fixed thereto. In addition, the support part 4 has a mounting hole 5 in the center.
A screw hole 6 is bored in the outer wall of the mounting hole 5 into which a screw for fixing the upper end of the punching blade 8 described below is screwed. Further, a ring-shaped mounting groove 7 is provided on the lower end surface of the support portion 4 around the mounting hole 5 . Reference numeral 8 denotes a punching blade which is made of a columnar body (stepped columnar body in the figure), and includes an upper end portion 8a that fits into the mounting hole 5, an intermediate portion 8b that functions as the axis of an elastic body to be described later, and a material to be punched. , for example, as shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b, the lower end surface 8c has an upper blade 9 on the lower end surface for punching out the hard member B of the belly material A. To explain further, a guide groove 10 as shown in FIGS. 3a and 3b, for example, is carved in the center of the outer periphery near the lower end of the intermediate portion 8b. This is for rotating the punching blade 8 by 1/4 turn to several rotations by lowering the punching blade 8 in a straight line so that the rotary blade 11 (to be described later) can easily bite into the surface to be machined. Therefore, the guide groove 10 is a vertical groove portion 1 provided parallel to the axis of the column.
0a and a spiral groove portion 10b connected to its lower end. Also, from the middle lower end to the lower end 8
A step, a so-called small diameter portion, is formed at the upper end of c. Moreover, this small diameter portion has a lower end surface of the lower end portion 8c,
The so-called upper blade 9 is formed to have the same diameter. This allows the upper blade 9 to be drilled into the hard member B to be easily formed, reduces the contact friction with the inner wall of the rotary blade described below, provides relief for the stroke of the punching blade 8 , and facilitates assembly. It is for the purpose of gaining a sense of security. Reference numeral 11 denotes a rotary blade, and a large-diameter hollow part 1 in which the middle part 8b and lower end part 8c of the punching blade 8 are built in so as to be able to reciprocate.
1a and a small-diameter hollow portion 11b are formed in a stepped shape, and a punching blade 12 is provided on the periphery of the lower end surface. Further, a fitting hole 11d into which the bearing 13 is mounted is formed in the end face of the upper end portion 11c having the large-diameter hollow portion 11a, and the punching blade 8 and the rotary blade 11 are connected to each other on the outer peripheral wall of the fitting hole 11d. A mounting hole 11e is provided for mounting a pin 14 for obtaining a driving force for rotating the rotary blade 11 by the reciprocating motion of the rotary blade 8 . Further, the small-diameter hollow portion 11b is formed into a cylinder of a predetermined diameter for drilling a through hole E in the foam C of the composite material A and the flexible member D, and the cylinder end surface of the lower end surface thereof has, for example, a hole. A punching blade 12 as shown in FIGS. 4a to 4e is formed. That is, figures a and b show the lower end surface of the cylinder formed into the cutting edge 12a, and figure c
-e are those in which the lower end surface of the cylinder is formed into a serrated cutting edge 12b. The shape of the cut surface by the cutting edge will be a woodcut as shown in Figures 5a and b, where Figure a corresponds to Figures 4a, b, d, and e, and Figure b corresponds to Figure 4c. It is something. 15 is an elastic body, such as a coil spring, which is fitted around the middle part of the punching blade 8 ;
Moreover, the lower end is a receiver 13a that is fitted and integrated with the bearing.
In addition, the upper end is interposed so as to be in contact with the mounting groove 7. This elastic body 15 mainly allows the rotary blade 11 to cut the composite material A smoothly while also buffering the driving force of the punching blade 8 and imparting elasticity.After that, the rotary blade 11 and the punching blade 8 smoothly cut This is to bring it back to . 16 is a stopper and rotary blade 1
1, and is fixed to a pedestal or the like of the punching device itself (not shown).
Of course, the height can be changed in the vertical direction depending on the thickness of the composite material A. 17 is a die, so-called punching blade 8
It has a lower blade 18 and is used to place the composite material A. Further, the lower blade 18 is the end portion of a through hole having the same diameter as the upper blade 9, so that the lower inner circumferential wall is formed in a tapered shape, so that chips of the composite material A can be easily removed. Next, the operation of the above device and the drilling method will be briefly explained. For example, a composite material A as shown in FIG.
Assume that you are manufacturing (eaves). The composition of the component, the so-called composite material A, is a 0.27 mm colored steel plate as the hard component B, a sheet-like material made of kraft paper laminated with aluminum foil as the flexible component D, and a polyurethane foam foamed on-site as the foam (core material) C. It is integrated by a method, and the thickness t is 16 mm.
It is formed into a closed cell structure with a density of 30Kg/ ^m3 . Also, the through hole E is circular and has a diameter of d ₁ .
A large number of holes are drilled one by one. In addition, S ₁ is the stroke of the upper blade 9, S ₂ is the stroke of the rotary blade 11 , H ₁ is the distance from the end face of the cutting edge of the upper blade 9 to the tip of the rotating blade 11 , and H ₂ is the flexibility of the composite material A. This is the distance from the member D to the tip of the punching blade 12, and the stopper 16 is attached to a press machine (not shown) so that the interval can be adjusted. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, it is assumed that the composite material A is placed horizontally on the lower blade 18 with the flexible member D facing upward. At this time, the mounting part 1 is from the lower blade (die) 18 to the upper blade 9.
It is set to exist at position _H3 , and the drilling operation is started by descending linearly in the direction of arrow A from this position. The upper blade 9 linearly descends in accordance with the descent of the mounting part 1, and the holder 2 is lowered in accordance with the descending speed of the mounting part 1 until the perforating blade 12 of the rotary blade 11 comes into contact with the flexible member D made of a sheet-like material. , the upper blade 9, the rotary blade 11 , and the elastic body 15 are lowered in a connected state to the position shown in FIG. When the punching blade 12 comes into contact with the flexible member D made of a sheet-like material, the cutting edge of the cylindrical end face lowers the mounting part 1 and the force relationship between the elastic body 15 made of a coil spring and the flexible member D made of a sheet-like material, so-called. By functioning as a temporary stopper for the rotary blade 11 , the punching blade 12 rotates and bites into the flexible member D made of a sheet-like material, cutting it at the same time, and the mounting part 1 descends linearly in that state. Accordingly, the punching blade 12 is lowered linearly via the elastic body 15 made of a coil spring. When the perforating blade 12 descends, a portion of the foam C is cut by a cross-sectional area of the inner diameter d ₀ of the rotary blade 11 , and is filled into the hollow portion 11b of the rotary blade 11 . Furthermore, when the mounting part 1 descends and the lower end 11f of the rotary blade 11 comes into contact with the stopper 16 as shown in FIG. 7, most of the thickness t of the foam C is cut and perforated. That is, the punching of the flexible member D made of a sheet-like material and the foam C made of polyurethane foam was completed with a stroke of S ₂ =H ₂ +t. Note that a gap of Δl ₁ is provided between the tip of the punching blade 12 and the hard member B made of a colored steel plate in order to protect the cutting edge. After the rotary blade 11 penetrates the flexible member D made of a sheet-like material and the foam C,
With the lower end surface of the upper end of the rotary blade 11 in contact with the stopper 16, the punching blade 8 is gradually lowered while the upper blade 9 compresses the chips in the small hollow part. When the punching blade 8 further descends, the upper blade 9 and the lower blade 18 work together to punch out the hard member B made of a colored steel plate, and the upper blade 9 moves Δl ₂ as shown in FIG.
The die 17 descends to a position where chips are discharged from the die 17. Thereafter, as the punching blade 8 rises as the attachment part 1 rises, the upper blade 9 and the rotary blade 11 rise in conjunction with each other, and the first
Elastic body 1 consisting of a coil spring in its original position as shown in the figure
5 allows for smooth recovery. Note that when drilling a plurality of through holes E in the composite material A, it is sufficient to perform the above operation for the number of through holes E. FIG. 9 is a characteristic diagram showing the relative relationship between time (horizontal axis) and vertical distance (vertical axis) to explain the operation of the above device. In the figure, the solid line corresponds to the upper blade 9, and the half line represents the axis trace corresponding to the rotary blade 11 . In addition, in Figure 9
The range of W ₁ is the time during which the punching blade 12 rotates to perforate the flexible member D made of a sheet-like material, the point W 1 is the cutting point of the hard member B made of a colored steel plate by the upper blade 9, and W ₂ is W 3 is the time during which the punching blade 12 cuts and perforates the foam C made of polyurethane foam, and W ₃ is the time when the upper blade 9 of the punching blade 8 is used to cut and perforate the flexible member D made of a sheet-like material in a small hollow portion, and the foam made of polyurethane foam. C is the time to compress the chips, γ is the time to discharge all the chips, _W4 is the return (rise) time of the punching blade 8, _W5 is the return (rise) time of the rotary blade 11 , _W6 is the rotation It shows the time during which the blade 11 is in contact with the guide 16 and is fixed. What has been described above is only one embodiment of the punching device for composite materials according to the present invention, and the holder 2 has a chuck structure or a multi-axis support structure in which a large number of combinations of punching blades 8 and rotary blades 11 can be mounted at the same time. It can also be a body. Further, the punching blade 8 and the rotary blade 11 can be set to have the same outer diameter depending on the diameter, particularly the diameter of the upper blade 9. As described above, the composite material perforation device according to the present invention can produce a composite material made of a combination of materials with completely different properties, such as a hard member, a foam core material, and a flexible member. Two types of rotary blades and punching blades are used to perform the cutting and perforation, allowing beautiful cut edges and side walls to be obtained.
That is, in order to cut and perforate by rotating a sawtooth-like thin-walled cutting edge formed on the end surface of a cylinder, a flexible member that is relatively flexible and easily torn or crushed, and a core material having a foam-like structure, are used. It has the feature that when both members are sheared, the area near the cut end is not torn due to tension, and when the core material is sheared, it is not crushed, and the core material can be cut and punched into a cut section with a predetermined size cross-sectional shape. In addition, the cut and punched waste is stored in the rotary blade and is finally discharged to the outside while being completely separated from the so-called core material, so the side walls of the hole are beautiful and the hole can be formed with a predetermined size. Furthermore, since the hard member is punched using a normal potting die, it can be reliably sheared without warping, deformation, or scratches, and it can also produce beautiful, burr-free cuts. Furthermore, the device has the advantage of being small, inexpensive, and simple in structure, and can be attached to existing devices.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of a drilling device for composite materials according to the present invention, FIGS. 2 a and b are perspective views showing an example of a composite material, and FIGS. An explanatory diagram showing an example of a punching blade, which is one of the main parts of the
5 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the cutting edge (perforating blade) of a rotary blade which is another essential part of the device according to the present invention; FIGS. 5 a and b are explanatory diagrams showing a cross section of the composite material after drilling; 8 to 8 are explanatory diagrams showing the operating state of the apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing the trajectory of the operation of the apparatus according to the present invention. 1... Tool holder attachment part, 8 ... Punching blade, 9
...Upper blade, 11 ...Rotating blade, 12...Drilling blade, 1
5...Elastic body.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A columnar body has an upper blade at its lower edge, a holder is fixed at its upper end, a vertical groove formed approximately parallel to the columnar body at the center of the outer periphery of the intermediate portion, and a spiral connected to the lower end of the vertical groove. a punching blade provided with a guide groove in which a spiral groove portion of the shape is continuously formed; A rotary blade is provided between the holder and the bearing, and includes a lower end portion having a perforating blade with a serrated tip and an upper end portion having a bearing fixed to the upper end surface, and a connecting pin embedded therein. An elastic body interposed with the extraction blade as the axis, a height-adjustable stopper that restricts the stroke of the rotary blade in the direct downward direction, and a composite material is placed below the stopper and cooperates with the upper blade. A punching device for a composite material, comprising: a die having a lower blade.