JPH0434677Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Industrial application field) This invention cuts the culms discharged from the threshing section of a combine harvester using a plurality of rotating blades that are respectively attached to a pair of rotating shafts and facing each other. The present invention relates to a cutting device for cutting, and more particularly to a cutting device for cutting culms that can change cutting dimensions.

(Prior art) As a cutting device that can change cutting dimensions,
There is a technique described in Japanese Patent No. 53-134656, but in this technique, the cutting size is simply adjusted by relatively moving the distance between the shaft on which the large-diameter rotary blade and the small-diameter rotary blade are provided, and the receiving part. However, only a technique for changing the cutting size is disclosed, and no consideration is given to means for ensuring cutting performance when changing cutting dimensions. Also, Kimiaki Sane
The technique disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 59-17161 adjusts the interval between rotating blades by replacing the spacer, and the technique disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 56-136542 adjusts the cutting dimension by sliding the rotating shaft in the left-right direction. Although it is to be changed,
These not only have complicated structures, but also have difficulty in switching operations.

Therefore, although various cutting dimension changing techniques have been created as described above, they have not yet been put into practical use.

(Problems to be solved by the invention) This invention solves all of the above-mentioned problems, has an easy structure and easy operation, minimizes the adjustment range when switching cutting dimensions, and The aim is to always keep the amount of intersection of each rotary blade at an appropriate level to ensure cutting performance.

In other words, in the case of a cutting device in which rotary blades are attached to a pair of rotating shafts that rotate opposite each other, and cutting is performed between the two rotary blades, the penetration angle formed by both rotary blades (both rotational The smaller the angle (the angle formed by the tangent line of both rotary blades drawn from the starting point of the blade intersection) is, the better the culm bite is, and the cutting action is performed gradually, so the cutting performance is better. It is minimum when the amount of intersection between both rotating blades is zero.

However, it is realistically difficult to configure these two rotating blades to face each other in a straight line so that the amount of intersection is zero, and therefore, it is necessary to install the two rotating blades in different mounting phases on the rotating shaft. However, it is necessary to allow the two rotary blades to intersect in side view, taking into consideration the escape of the culm from the gap between the two rotary blades caused by this, as well as component accuracy and assembly accuracy.

In addition, when cutting with double rotary blades, a large cutting load is applied, and the rotating shaft, which is as long as the length of the culm, is deflected and the cutting edges of the double rotary blades are separated. It is necessary to determine the amount of intersection. However, it is desirable to set this amount of intersection to the minimum necessary amount in view of the above-mentioned relationship with the penetration angle, and it is also necessary to keep this amount of intersection constant even when changing the cutting dimension.

Furthermore, when changing the cutting dimensions by adjusting the distance between the two rotating shafts, it is important to minimize the adjustment range in order to keep the structure compact and simple and to ensure cutting performance. .

This invention aims to solve the various and contradictory problems mentioned above all at once, and to provide a culm cutting device capable of changing cutting dimensions, which has not yet been put into practical use.

(Means for solving the problem) A pair of rotating shafts 2 and 3 are provided, which are substantially parallel to the culm transporting device 1 in the downward direction and rotate in opposite directions. 2 is provided with a plurality of rotary blades 4 having the same diameter at predetermined intervals in the axial direction, and the other rotary shaft 3 is provided with large diameter rotary blades 6 and small diameter rotary blades 7 at appropriate intervals in correspondence with the rotary blades 4. The large-diameter rotary blades 6 are arranged alternately and the spacing between the rotating shafts 2 and 3 is adjusted.
and a short cutting state in which both the small diameter rotary blades 7 intersect with the rotary blade 4, and a long cutting state in which only the large diameter rotary blade 6 intersects the rotary blade 4. The amount of intersection A between the small diameter rotary blade 7 and the rotary blade 4
On the other hand, the difference B in the radial length between the large-diameter rotary blade 6 and the small-diameter rotary blade 7 is set equal to or slightly larger, and the distance adjustment amount between the two rotary shafts 2 and 3 is made approximately equal to the difference B in the radial length. The structure of the culm cutting device is such that the cutting dimensions can be changed.

(Operation of the invention) First, when performing short cutting work on the culm, the interval between the rotating shafts 2 and 3 is changed and adjusted so that both the large-diameter rotary blade 6 and the small-diameter rotary blade 7 intersect with the rotary blade 4. Then, the waste culm supplied from the waste culm conveying device 1 is transferred to the large diameter rotary blade 6.
It is cut into short pieces at the intersection between the small-diameter rotary blade 7 and the rotary blade 4, and at the intersection between the small-diameter rotary blade 7 and the rotary blade 4.

In addition, when performing long-length cutting work on the culm, the interval between the rotating shafts 2 and 3 is changed and adjusted so that only the large-diameter rotary blade 6 intersects with the rotary blade 4, and the culm is supplied from the culm conveying device 1. The culm is cut into a long length only at the intersection of the large-diameter rotary blade 6 and the rotary blade 4.

When changing the cutting dimensions, the difference B in radius between the large diameter rotary blade 6 and the small diameter rotary blade 7 is set to be equal to or slightly larger than the intersection amount A between the small diameter rotary blade 7 and the rotary blade 4 during short cutting. Therefore, when cutting short lengths as well as changing length cuts, the small diameter rotary blade 7 and rotary blade 4
Even if the interval between the rotating shafts 2 and 3 is adjusted to eliminate the intersection between the large-diameter rotary blade 6 and the rotary blade 4, the large-diameter rotary blade 6 and the rotary blade 4 can be cut while ensuring a constant amount of intersection A necessary for cutting.

(Effect of the invention) As described above, this invention adjusts the distance between the shaft 2 on which the rotary blades 4, 4 of the same diameter are provided, and the rotary shaft 3 on which the large-diameter rotary blade 6 and the small-diameter rotary blade 7 are provided. Since the configuration and operation are extremely simple, the large-diameter rotary blade 6 is different from the intersection amount A between the small-diameter rotary blade 7 and the rotary blade 4 during short cutting.
Since the difference B between the radius length of the small-diameter rotary blade 7 and the small-diameter rotary blade 7 is made equal or slightly larger, it goes without saying that when cutting short lengths, the small-diameter rotary blade 7 and the rotary blade 4 are rotated to cancel the intersection. Even when making long cuts by adjusting the spacing between the shafts 2 and 3, the large-diameter rotary blade 6 and the rotary blade 4 can secure a certain amount of intersection A necessary for cutting, and can cut reliably.

In addition, it is preferable that the amount of intersection A is as small as possible in order to reduce the angle of entry formed by both rotary blades and ensure cutting performance. Large diameter rotary blade 6
By setting the diameter of the rotary blades 6 and 7 so that the difference B between the radial lengths of the rotary blades 6 and 7 is equal to or slightly larger than the amount of intersection A, large-diameter rotation can be achieved while maintaining cutting performance. This allows the diameter of the blade 6 to be minimized.

Therefore, the amount of intersection between the rotary blade 4 and the large-diameter rotary blade 6, which increases during short cutting, can also be minimized.

Furthermore, as described above, by setting the diameter of the large-diameter rotary blade 6 to the minimum value, the amount of interval adjustment between the two rotary shafts 2 and 3 when switching cutting dimensions becomes small, and this amount of interval adjustment is Since it is configured to be approximately equal to the difference B in the radius length between the blade 6 and the small-diameter rotary blade 7, cutting performance at each cutting position is ensured, and the distance adjustment amount is minimized, making the entire device compact and simple. It can be configured as follows.

Furthermore, by providing the rotating blade 4 of the same diameter on the rotating shaft 2 on one side, the amount of intersection can be minimized,
Furthermore, the amount of adjustment of the interval between the rotary shafts 2 and 3 when switching cutting dimensions can also be made smaller. That is, it is natural from the design point of view that the small diameter rotary blade 7 and the rotary blade 4 should be configured to have a small diameter as long as it does not interfere with ensuring cutting performance. In the case of the technique of providing a small rotary blade, the diameter of the rotary blade 4 facing the large diameter rotary blade 6 of the present invention is increased, and the amount of intersection becomes large.
Naturally, the amount of interval adjustment will also increase, but with this invention, the above configuration ensures cutting performance at each cutting position, and minimizes the amount of intersection and interval adjustment.
Moreover, the entire device can be made small and simple.

(Example) This device is installed on the culm discharge side of the threshing device (not shown) of a combine harvester.
0, 10, a front plate 11, a rear cover 12, and a cutting device C surrounded by these,
The exhaust culm supplied from the exhaust culm conveying device 1 is transferred to the supply port 13.
It receives it from the ground, cuts it, and discharges it from the discharge port 14 below.

The pair of rotating shafts 2 and 3 are installed so that their axial directions are substantially parallel to the posture of the culm being conveyed. is disposed at the rear and lower side, and the rotating shaft 2 is configured as a scraping shaft that rotates at a low speed, and the rotating shaft 3 is configured as a cutting shaft that rotates at a high speed.

The rotating shaft 2 is configured as a hexagonal shaft, and has a small diameter by means of scraping bodies 5, 5 which are installed on both side plates 10, 10 and have scraping protrusions 15, 15 on the outer periphery at predetermined intervals in the axial direction. Rotary blades 4, 4 forming blade edges are attached to the outer periphery. Since the rotary blade 4 rotates at a low speed and has the function of a receiving blade for catching the discharged culm, it will be hereinafter referred to as the rotary receiving blade 4.

Note that one end of this rotating shaft 2 is made to protrude from the side plate 10, a gear 16 is fitted into the protruding part, and it is fixed with a retaining nut 17, and the rotating shaft 2 is
The other end is supported by a bearing 19 held in a removable bearing sleeve 18 of the side plate 10.

20 is a holding frame that encases the bearing 19 for supporting the rotating shaft 2, 21 and 21 are wrapping prevention plates, 22 is a tightening nut, 23 is a positioning pipe, 24 is a wrapping prevention pipe, and 25 is a blade holding plate. It is.

The rotating shaft 3 is also formed into a hexagonal shaft, and a large diameter rotary blade 6 and two small diameter rotary blades 7, 7 are alternately arranged at predetermined intervals in the axial direction. In addition, since these large and small rotary blades 6 and 7 rotate at high speed and have a cutting function,
Hereinafter, it will be referred to as a cutting blade.

Reference numerals 26 and 26 denote pivot shafts to which both side plates 10 and 10 are fixed, and a gear 40, a sprocket 27, and an input pulley 28 are connected to the outer side of the side plate 10 of one pivot shaft 26 via bearings 29. It is loosely fitted.

On the inner side of both side plates 10, 10 of the pivot shafts 26, 26, there is a rotary arm 3 bent rearward and upward.
The base of 0.30 is loosely fitted.

A drive shaft 31 is mounted approximately in the center of the rotating arm 30 on one side via a bearing 19, a sprocket 32 is attached to the outer side of the side plate 10 of the drive shaft 31, and a sprocket 32 is attached to the outer side of the side plate 10 of the drive shaft 31. A flange 33 fixed to the inner end of the rotary shaft 3 and a bearing metal 34 for inserting and supporting one end of the rotating shaft 3 are configured to be detachably attached by bolts 35.

Also, the mounting portion 5 approximately in the center of the rotating arm 30 on the other side
1 includes a bearing 19 that receives the other end of the rotating shaft 3.
A bearing metal 36 that encloses the bearing metal 36 is detachably provided with a bolt 37.

Reference numeral 38 denotes a winding prevention plate, which has a gap 39 in which the bearing metal 36 can slide slightly in the direction of arrow A. Further, the cutting blades 6 and 7 attached to the rotating shaft 3 are also positioned by a positioning pipe 23, a winding prevention pipe 24, a blade holding plate 25, and the like.

The free ends of the rotating arms 30, 30 are bent rearward and upward so as to be positioned behind the guide rods 8, 9 inside each cover, and the free ends are connected by a connecting pipe 41, It has a strong frame structure, and furthermore, a sliding shaft 42 is installed inside the connecting pipe 41.

The sliding shaft 42 is formed into a square shaft, and is supported by square bearings 43 at least at both ends of the connecting pipe 41 to prevent distortion of the left and right rotating arms 30, 30. A handle 44 is attached to one end of the moving shaft 42, and a long hole 45 for moving the sliding shaft 42 is provided in the side plate 10 on the handle 44 side.
A locking plate 46 protruding from the handle 44 and four removable locking holes 47, 48, 49, and 50 are formed in the side plate 10 on the other side. Stage insertion holes 47, 48, 49, 50
has been drilled.

The position of the rotating shaft 3 held by the locking hole 47 in the first stage is set at a short cutting position where both the large-diameter cutting blade 6 and the small-diameter cutting blade 7 intersect the rotating receiving blade 4. The position of the rotating shaft 3 held by the second-stage locking hole 48 is such that only the large diameter cutting blade 6 intersects the rotating receiving blade 4, and the interval between the small diameter cutting blade 7 and the rotating receiving blade 4 is approximately zero. At the long cutting and incision position, there is also a third
The position of the rotating shaft 3 held by the stage locking hole 49 is such that only the large-diameter cutting blade 6 intersects with the rotating receiving blade 4, and the small-diameter cutting blade 7 is at a long cutting position separated from the rotating receiving blade 4. Furthermore, the positions of the fourth stage locking holes 50 are set at the incision positions where the distance between the large-diameter cutting blade 6 and the rotary receiving blade 4 becomes approximately zero.

In addition, the amount of intersection A between the cutting blade and the rotary receiving blade 4 is preferably about 15 mm, and in order to always ensure this amount of intersection at the cutting position, at the short cutting position in the first stage,
For the amount of intersection A between the small diameter cutting blade 7 and the rotating receiving blade 4,
Difference B in radius length between large diameter cutting blade 6 and small diameter cutting blade 7
is set so that the difference B in the radius length is slightly larger. To give a preferred example, the diameter of the large diameter cutting blade 6 is 220 mm, and the diameter of the small diameter cutting blade 7 is 220 mm.
180mm, the diameter of the rotating receiving blade 4 is 160mm, and the distance between the rotating shafts 2 and 3 at the first stage short cutting position is 155mm.
If set to , the amount of intersection A between the small-diameter cutting blade 7 and the rotary receiving blade 4 will be 15 mm, and the difference B in the radius length between the large-diameter cutting blade 6 and the small-diameter cutting blade 7 will be 20 mm, allowing long-dimension cutting in the third stage. The distance between the rotating shafts 2 and 3 at the position is 175 mm, that is,
If the interval adjustment amount is set to 20 mm, which is equal to the difference B between the radius lengths of the large-diameter cutting blade 6 and the small-diameter cutting blade 6, the amount of intersection between the large-diameter cutting blade 6 and the rotary receiving blade 4 at this time can be secured to 15 mm, Further, the small diameter cutting blade 7 and the rotating receiving blade 4 can be separated by 5 mm. Further, the interval between the rotating shafts 2 and 3 in the second stage is set to 170 mm, and that in the fourth stage is set to 190 mm. Note that if the center distance is set to 190 mm or more, it can be released uncut.

The guide rod 8 is made of an elastic material and is disposed on both sides of the large-diameter cutting blade 6, and its base is located behind the culm supply port 13 and extends along the outer periphery of the scraping body 5. It intersects with the large diameter cutting blade 6.

Further, the guide rods 9 are located on both sides of the small-diameter cutting blade 7, and extend along the outer periphery of the scraping body 5, and their tips extend further than the guide rod 8 and intersect with the small-diameter cutting blade 7. . The guide rod between the large-diameter cutting blade 6 and the small-diameter cutting blade 7 is formed by integrally forming both guide rods 8 and 9.

52 is a chain wound between the sprockets 27 and 32, 53 is an input belt, and 54 is a long hole formed in the side plate 10 for moving the drive shaft 31.

Reference numeral 55 denotes a focusing device, and a plurality of focusing devices are provided on a rotary shaft 56 attached to the rear cover 12, and are suspended by a spring 58.

59 is a guide rail of the waste culm conveying device 1, and the guide rail 59 moves back and forth to move the waste culm to the supply port 13.
In addition, the supply is configured to be switchable on the rear cover 12.

The input pulley 28 is driven by a belt 53, rotates a gear 40 integrated with the pulley 28, drives the gear 16 meshing with the gear 40, and drives and rotates the rotating shaft 2.

Also, a sprocket 27 integrated with the input pulley 28
The sprocket 32 is driven through the chain 52, and the rotating shaft 3 is driven to rotate.

First, when performing short cutting work, the sliding shaft 42
The locking rod 46 of the handle 44 is inserted into the locking hole 47 and locked in the first stage locking position, and the large diameter cutting blade 6 and the small diameter The cutting blades 7 are crossed to perform shredding, and the culm fed from the culm conveying device 1 to the supply port 13 is scraped by the scraper 5 while being guided by the guide rods 8 and 9. First, it is cut into a long length by the intersection of the large-diameter cutting blade 6 and the rotary receiving blade 4, and then both sides and the center of the long-cut culm are cut to the intersection of the small-diameter cutting blade 7. The extended guide rods 9, 9 push the scraping body 5 toward the side, and the blade is fed securely without disturbing its posture. cut off

Next, when cutting the culm into long lengths and carving cuts in the cut straw, the handle 44
After the sliding shaft 42 is slid in the direction of arrow A by the operation, and the locking rod 46 and the locking hole 47 and the sliding shaft 42 and the insertion hole 47 are unlocked, the handle 44 is operated. Therefore, the rotating arms 30, 30 are connected to the pivot shaft 26,
26 in the direction of arrow B, and slide shaft 42.
and the locking rod 46 through the second stage insertion hole 48 and the locking hole 4
8 and lock it. This position is the large diameter cutting blade 6
intersects the rotating receiving blade 4, and the interval between the small diameter cutting blade 7 and the rotating receiving blade 4 is set to approximately zero, so the supplied culm is cut into long pieces, and the small diameter cutting blade 7, A cut is made in the paper by the pipe 7, and the paper is discharged from the discharge port 14 into the field.

Therefore, although the treated waste culm is a relatively long culm, it has cuts and has good drying efficiency, and can be easily collected with a baler, rake, etc.

Also, when performing long cutting work, the sliding shaft 42 and the locking rod 46 are inserted into the third stage insertion hole 49 and the locking hole 49.
The small diameter cutting blade 7 in the first stage
The large diameter cutting blade 6
The difference B between the radius lengths of the small-diameter cutting blades 7 and 7 is adjusted so that the difference B between the radius lengths is slightly larger
7 and the diameter of the rotary receiving blade 4 are set, so even when changing to this long cutting device, the large diameter cutting blade 6
A sufficient amount of intersection between the rotary receiving blade 4 and the rotary receiving blade 4 can be ensured, and cutting can be performed reliably.

In addition, when performing only the notch carving work, the sliding shaft 4
2 and the locking rod 46 are inserted and locked into the fourth stage insertion hole 50 and the locking hole 50, the interval between the large-diameter cutting blade 6 and the rotary receiving blade 4 is set to approximately zero, and the culm to be supplied is A cut is made in the material using large-diameter cutting blades 6, 6, and the material is discharged. Therefore, this treated waste culm has a good drying rate even though it is uncut long straw, and can be easily collected.

In addition, when making cuts in the culm, the processing condition changes depending on the amount of the culm supplied, but the distance between the rotary receiving blade 4 and each cutting blade 6, 7 is adjusted by the fine adjustment means. You may.

Further, the spacing blade 4 and the scraping body 5 may be constructed as separate members as in the embodiment, or they may be constructed integrally with a blade edge formed on the outer periphery of the scraping body 5.

The above-mentioned change in the processing mode is achieved by changing the pivot shaft 26,
This is accomplished by the rotation of the rotating arms 30, 30 which are pivotally supported on the inner side of the side plates 10, 10 of 26, and the free ends of the rotating arms 30, 30 are connected to the sliding shaft 4.
2 are connected by a connecting pipe 41 inside, and the rotary shaft 3 is installed in the center of the rotary arm 30, so the frame structure is strong and can sufficiently withstand large cutting loads. . Furthermore,
This sliding shaft 42 is formed into a square shaft and is fitted with the rotating arms 30, 30, and even when the loads applied to the left and right rotating arms 30, 30 are different, the fitting of the square shaft is Rotating arms 30, 30
is held in place.

In addition, the connecting pipe 41 that houses the sliding shaft 42 is
It is located at the rear of the guide rods 8 and 9 inside the rear cover 12, and does not affect cutting performance in any way.
The overall configuration can be simplified by utilizing the unnecessary space of the cutting device C.

Moreover, when releasing the culm uncut, the guide rail 59 of the culm guide device 1 is moved rearward,
When the waste culm is supplied onto the rear cover 12, it flows down on the rear cover 12 and is transferred to the waste culm receiving rod 5 of the focusing device 55.
7 and is emitted at regular intervals.

When removing the rotating shaft 3 to polish or replace each cutting blade, first remove the bolts 35 and connect the flange 33 of the drive shaft 31 to the bearing metal 3 of the rotating shaft 3.
4, and move the rotating shaft 3 slightly in the opposite direction of arrow A to remove the fitting part D between the bearing metal 34 and the flange 33. Next, remove the bolt 37 and remove the mounting part of the rotating arm 30. 51 and the bearing metal 36, and the bearing metal 3
6 in the direction of arrow A and remove the fitting part E.
The rotating shaft 3 can be taken out without removing the drive shaft 31.

When removing the rotating shaft 2, remove the bearing sleeve 18 outward, remove the retaining nut 17 and remove the gear 16, then remove the mounting bolts of the holding frame 20, and then move the rotating shaft 2 in the direction opposite to the arrow. Remove it by moving it in direction A.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a sectional view, Fig. 2 is a developed plan view, Fig. 3 is a side view, and Figs. 4 to 7 are main parts at each adjustment stage. FIG. 1... Culm conveyance device, 2, 3... Rotating shaft, 4...
...Rotary blade, 5...Scraping body, 6...Large diameter rotary blade, 7
...Small diameter rotating blade, 8, 9...Guide rod, 10...Side plate, 26...Pivot shaft, 30...Rotating arm, 31
... Drive shaft, 36 ... Bearing, 41 ... Connection pipe, 42 ... Sliding shaft, A ... Crossing amount, B ... Difference in radius length between large diameter cutting blade 6 and small diameter cutting blade 7, C ……
Cutting device.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A pair of rotary shafts 2 and 3 are provided that are approximately parallel to the culm discharge posture supplied downwardly and rotate in opposite directions, and one rotary shaft 2 is provided with a plurality of rotary blades having the same diameter. 4 are provided at predetermined intervals in the axial direction, and on the other rotating shaft 3, a suitable number of large-diameter rotary blades 6 and small-diameter rotary blades 7 are provided alternately in correspondence with the rotary blades 4, and both rotary blades 2, Adjust the interval between 3 and large diameter rotary blade 6.
and a short cutting state in which both the small diameter rotary blade 7 intersect with the rotary blade 4, and a long cutting state in which only the large diameter rotary blade 6 intersects the rotary blade 4. The difference B in the radius length of the large diameter rotary blade 6 and the small diameter rotary blade 7 is equal to or slightly larger than the intersection amount A of the small diameter rotary blade 7 and the rotary blade 4, and the amount of adjustment of the interval between both rotating shafts 2 and 3 A culm cutting device capable of changing cutting dimensions, wherein the radius length difference B is approximately equal to the above-mentioned radial length difference B.