JPH04333724A - Pilot operation hydraulic-circuit for hydraulic shovel - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simplify mechanism, and make a cost and quality profitable, and simplify a jointing hydraulic line to a valve also, and improve assembling workability, and facilitate changing a jointing pattern by a different maker. CONSTITUTION:On the way of a piping between a pilot valve and a main direction change-over valve, change-over valves 20-25 for change-over-jointing a plurality of outlet ports in the same manner as that of a plurality of inlet ports to which pilot pressure is applied according to each operation of the pilot valve are jointed to input conduit lines A-H and output conduit lines (a)-(h) in parallel with each other. By switching the spool positions of the change-over valves 20-25 with pilot pressure or manual operation, the operation type of an operation lever is changed.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

[Industrial Application Field] In construction machines such as hydraulic excavators, the lever operated by the driver and the actuator operated by the lever are operated in different ways depending on the manufacturer. In this way, the present invention can adapt the operating methods of various companies to
The present invention relates to a pilot-operated hydraulic circuit that provides a device that can be easily changed so that the operator can always operate the machine in a familiar operating manner.

0002

[Prior Art] Generally, this type of civil engineering and construction machinery has an engine operating lever in the driver's cab that controls engine startup and engine speed, and two traction levers that control the left and right traction motors. It is equipped with five operation levers, consisting of one operation lever for the work and two operation operation levers for controlling the actuator of the work equipment such as a shovel and a crane. - are each configured to operate a plurality of actuators.

[0003] Among civil engineering and construction machines according to the prior art, a hydraulic excavator is taken as an example, and a method of operating each work operation lever will be explained with reference to FIGS. 3 to 11. FIG. 3 is an overall configuration diagram of a hydraulic excavator to which the prior art is applied, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the operating directions of each work operating lever. FIG. 5 shows a conventional hydraulic circuit.

In FIG. 3, reference numeral 1 denotes a lower traveling body, 2 a rotating upper body which is rotatably provided on the lower traveling body 1 and having a driver's cab 2A, and 3 a working device provided on the upper rotating body 2. In FIG. The working device 3 is composed of a boom 4, an arm 5, a bucket 6, etc., which are operated by a boom cylinder 7, an arm cylinder 8, and a bucket cylinder 9. 10 is a turning motor for turning the upper revolving body 2; 11, 12;
indicates a work operation lever provided in the driver's cab 2A,
One operating lever 11 has operating directions A, B, C, and D, and the other operating lever 12 has operating directions E, F, G, and H (FIG. 5). In the following explanation, the dumping operation of the arm 5 is referred to as a, the clouding operation is referred to as b, and the swing motor 1 is referred to as a.
0's turning left movement is c, the right turning movement is d, the raising movement of the boom 4 is e, the lowering movement is f, the clouding movement of the bucket 6 is g, and the dumping movement is h.

When the operating levers 11 and 12 are operated in the operating directions A to H in FIG. 4, the hydraulic circuit shown in FIG. 5 causes each actuator shown in FIG.
, arm cylinder 8, bucket cylinder 9, and swing motor 10 perform operations a to h as shown in FIG.

[0006] On the other hand, the operation of the operating levers A to H and the actuator movements a to h are handled differently depending on the excavator manufacturer in Japan and abroad, and the operator may If you are not used to operating the machine, your work efficiency may decrease or unexpected movements may occur, which may be dangerous. For this reason, a hydraulic component for switching the hydraulic circuit may be provided at a portion 13 in FIG.

[0007] There are operating methods of each manufacturer as shown in Company X shown in FIG. 6, Company Y in FIG. 7, Company Z in FIG. 8, and Company W in FIG. 9. Jitsukai Showa 63-1
There is one described in Publication No. 35004 (Fig. 10). Figure 10
A 16-port 4-position switching valve 14 is provided. This is a complex hydraulic valve, which is disadvantageous in terms of cost and quality, and also has the disadvantage that it is difficult to accommodate changes in connection pattern design.

[0008] Also, as another known technique,
There is one disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 8764, which is shown in FIG. In this case, each pilot line is individually provided with a solenoid valve, so the number of switching valves is large, and the connecting hydraulic lines are complicated, which is disadvantageous in terms of cost and ease of assembly. Furthermore, since one operation switch is used for each solenoid valve, a switching pattern for each switch is required when changing the operation method, making it troublesome to operate multiple switches. ,
Furthermore, incorrect switching may result in danger.

[0009]

[Problems to be solved by the invention] The structure is simple, which is advantageous in terms of cost and quality.Furthermore, the hydraulic line connected to the valve is simple and easy to assemble, and furthermore, the connection pattern can be changed. It also aims to provide an easy pilot-operated hydraulic circuit.

0010

[Means for solving the problem] A plurality of actuators, a main direction switching valve (control valve) for controlling the driving direction of each actuator, and an operation lever for controlling the main direction switching valve. In a hydraulic circuit with an operation method consisting of a pilot valve operated by a pilot valve and pilot piping connecting the pilot valve and the main directional switching valve, there is a Switching valves 20 to 25 for switching connection of a plurality of inlet ports and a plurality of outlet ports correspondingly supplied with pilot pressure are connected in parallel to input pipes A to H and output pipes a to h. By connecting the spools to the switching valves 20 to 25 and switching the spool positions of the switching valves 20 to 25, it is possible to change the operating method of the operating lever. The switching valves 20 to 25 for switching between the plurality of input ports and the plurality of output ports are 4-port, 8-port, etc.
It uses a common valve and can be switched by a hydraulic pilot or manually.

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention is of a type in which the hydraulic circuit is switched at a portion 13 in FIG. 5, and FIG. 1 shows the hydraulic circuit of the operation switching valve.

FIG. 1 shows a hydraulic circuit diagram of the present invention located at the position 13 in FIG. The inlet ports A to H and the outlet ports a to h of No. 13 correspond to those of FIG. Switching valve 2
0 to 25 are valves that switch on/off of the input port and outlet port, and each input port and output port are parallel to ports A to H and ports a to h. It is connected to the. Symbols 16 to 19 are solenoid valves, and switches 28 to 3
1 are turned on and off individually, and pressure oil from the pilot pump 15 is supplied to the switching valves 20 to 25 directly or via shuttle valves 26 and 27.

[0013]

[Operation] When the solenoid valve 16 is turned on by the switch 28,
Switching valves 21 and 23 communicate with the input/output ports. As a result, input/output ports A-c, B-d, C-b, D-a, E-e
, F-f, G-g, H-h, and when the solenoid valve 17 is turned on by the switch 29, the switching valves 25 and 20 communicate with the input/output ports, and the input/output ports A-h, B- g, C-e, D-
f, E-b, F-a, G-c, H-d, similarly the solenoid valve 18 is activated by the switch 30, and the solenoid valve 19 is activated by the switch 31.
When turned ON, input/output ports A-h, B-g,
C-e, D-f, E-a, F-b, G-c, H-d and A-a, B-b, C-c, D-d, E-e, F-f, G
-g, H-h are communicated. That is, switches 28-3
A desired operation method can be obtained by operating 1 in accordance with the Z company method, the W company method, the Y company method, and the X company method, respectively.

In FIG. 1, a plurality of on/off switches 28
Although explained in 31, this may be a single input/multiple output switch, such as a rotary switch. Further, even if the switching valves 20 to 25 are controlled by manual switching valves instead of the solenoid valves 16 to 19, this does not depart from the spirit of the present invention as long as the switching valves operate in accordance with each company's operating method. In addition, the switching valves 20 to 25 use three types of switching valves, but for the purpose of ensuring commonality of parts, 8-port 2-position switching valves 21, 22, 23 and 4-port 2-position switching valve 24 are used. ，
It is also possible to use any one of the 25 types or a combination thereof.

Further, the switching valves 20 to 25 may be manually operated switching valves as shown in FIG. Although switching between the four operation methods has been described above as an example, it can be easily applied regardless of the number of switching circuits.

[0016] In the above embodiments, a method using a hydraulic pilot has been described as the switching method of the operation mode switching valve, but the method is not limited to this, and of course, a method using an electric signal or a method using a manual method is also possible.

[0017]

[Effect] 4-port or 8-port simple switching valve 2
0 to 25, a switching circuit with an inexpensive and high-quality operation system can be obtained. Moreover, regardless of the number of switching circuits, it can be configured with common switching valves 20 to 25, and is highly versatile.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a hydraulic circuit of an operation switching valve according to the present invention.

[Fig. 2] Hydraulic circuit also operated manually.

FIG. 3 is an overall configuration diagram of a known hydraulic excavator.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation direction of each work operation lever.

FIG. 5 shows a conventional hydraulic circuit.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the operating direction of the operating lever according to the specifications of the well-known company X.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the operating direction of the operating lever according to the specifications of company Y.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of the operating direction of the operating lever according to the specifications of Company Z.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the operating direction of the operating lever according to W company's specifications.

FIG. 10 shows an example of a switching valve for dealing with different operating methods.

FIG. 11 shows another example for dealing with the same operation method.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Lower traveling body 2 Upper rotating body 2A Operator's cab 3 Working device 4 Boom 5 Arm 6 Bucket 7 Boom cylinder 8 Arm cylinder 9 Bucket cylinder 10 Swing motors 11, 12 Operation lever 13 (Hydraulic circuit ) Hydraulic parts 14 4-position switching valve 15 Pilot pumps 16-19 Solenoid valves 20-25 Switching valves 26, 27 Shuttle valves 28-31 Switch

Claims (3)

[Claims] [Claim 1] Operated by a plurality of actuators, a main directional switching valve (control valve) for controlling the driving direction of each actuator, and an operating lever for controlling the main directional switching valve. In an operating hydraulic circuit consisting of a pilot valve and pilot piping that connects the pilot valve and the main directional control valve, a pilot valve is inserted between the pilot valve and the main directional control valve in response to each operation of the pilot valve. Switching valves (20 to 25), which connect multiple output ports as well as multiple input ports supplied with pressure, are installed in the input pipes (A to H) and the output pipes (a to h). Pilot operating hydraulic pressure for a hydraulic excavator, characterized in that the operating method of the operating lever can be changed by connecting the switching valves (20 to 25) in parallel and switching the spool position of the switching valve (20 to 25). circuit. 2. The switching valves (20 to 25) that switch between the plurality of input ports and the plurality of output ports are 4-port and 8-port.
The pilot operating hydraulic circuit for a hydraulic excavator according to claim 1, which uses a general valve such as a valve. [Claim 3] The switching method of the switching valves (20 to 25) for switching between a plurality of input ports and a plurality of output ports is such that in addition to the method using a hydraulic pilot, switching can also be performed using an electric signal or a manual method. A pilot operation hydraulic circuit for a hydraulic excavator according to claims 1 and 2.