JPH04321613A - Insect pest repellent - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an insect pest repellent, effective for a long period and having high safety even when applied so as to bring humans into direct contact with the repellent. CONSTITUTION:An insect pest repellent is obtained by subjecting a raw leaf or a subterranean part, a tuber or a rhizoma of a plant belonging to the family Cyperaceae to steam distillation, extracting the resultant distillate with n-hexane, further concentrating the prepared extract solution, providing an extract containing cyclic sesquiterpenes, chain sesquiterpenes, etc., and including the aforementioned extract as an active ingredient.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pest repellent used for controlling sanitary pests, nuisance pests, and the like.

0002

[Prior Art] Conventionally, organic phosphorus-based,
Carbamate and pyrethroid insecticides have been used and have provided great public benefit due to their powerful insecticidal effects. However, in recent years, creatures that did not previously fall into the category of pests, such as ants, mites, and millipedes, have become targets for extermination as nuisance insects. For this reason, the above-mentioned insecticides have come to be used on objects that people come into direct contact with, such as houses and furniture inside the house, and their toxicity and environmental pollution have become problems.

[0003] Diethyltoluamide (hereinafter abbreviated as DEET), which has been conventionally used as a repellent, is
It is commercially available as a so-called insect repellent in the form of lotions, aerosols, etc., but its effectiveness lasts only a short time, and in actual use it is necessary to reapply it every few hours.

0004

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] As stated above, the present invention is based on the fact that conventional organophosphorus-based and other insecticides are not suitable for domestic use to control nuisance insects, etc., in terms of safety.
In addition, we have solved the problem that no insect repellent has been obtained that has a long-lasting repellent effect, and is effective for a long time when applied, and can be used as a so-called "insect repellent" on things that people directly touch or on their skin. The goal is to create a pest repellent that is highly safe even when applied.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above problems, the present inventors have conducted various studies on natural pest control agents that are highly safe and do not disrupt the balance of the ecosystem. It has been discovered that the plant has insect repellent properties and maintains its repellent effect for a longer period of time than the conventional repellent DEET.

That is, the present invention provides a natural pest repellent containing an extract of a Cyperaceae plant as an active ingredient. It exhibits excellent efficacy against pests, wood pests, etc. for a long period of time, and is highly safe with extremely low toxicity to humans, livestock, and fish.

[0007] The Cyperaceae plant used in the present invention is a plant that grows naturally as a weed widely in mountains and fields and near human residences, and can also be cultivated artificially, making it an extremely easily available material. The species used are Cyperus microiria and Cyperus microiria.
．． rotundus), Yellow C. esc.
C. ulentus), Shichito (C. monophyll)
us), C. serotinus, C. pilosus, C. pilosus (
C. ilia), C. orthostach
C. yus), C. difformis,
C. haspan, C. haspan
C. polystachyos), C. polystachyos (C.
globosus), C. sangin
olentus), Himekugu (C. brevifolii)
us), and these are Cyperaceae (Cyperaceae).
aceae) plant.

[0008] Extraction of active ingredients from these plants can generally be carried out by a method similar to the separation and purification method of terpenes. For example, fresh leaves or underground parts of Cyperaceae,
It is obtained by steam distilling tubers and rhizomes, extracting the distillate with n-hexane, and concentrating the obtained extraction solution. When 1 kg of fresh leaves of Cyperus japonica is used as a raw material, about 5 g of extract can be obtained.

The components contained in this extract are mainly cyclic sesquiterpenes such as cyperene, β-selinene, α-cyperone, cyperenone (cyperotandone), cyperol, α-cadinene, β-elemene, α-humulene, and caryophyllene. and cis-3,cis-5-dodecadienyl acetate, trans-nerolidol, trans,trans-farnesol, methyltrans,trans-farnesate, trans,trans-farnesyl acetate, methyl-3,7,11- trimethyl-trans-2
, trans-6,cis-9,11-dodecatetraenoate, methyl-3,7,11-trimethyl-trans-2
, trans-6, trans-9,11-dodecatetraenoate, methyl-3,7,11-trimethyl-11-hydroxy-trans-2, trans-6, cis-9-dodecatrienoate, dimethyl-3, These include chain sesquiterpenes such as 7,11-trimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatriendioate, and these have a repellent effect even when used alone.

The pest repellent of the present invention is suitable for pests such as flies, mosquitoes, cockroaches, blackflies, and lice; agricultural pests such as planthoppers, leafhoppers, aphids, and spider mites; clothing pests such as cutworms and burrs; It has a repellent effect against grain storage pests such as the grain weevil, and unpleasant pests such as midges, white mites, butterflies, slugs, ants, millipedes, and pill bugs.

The pest repellent of the present invention can be used as it is, but it is usually held in a liquid, solid or gaseous carrier, mixed with various formulation auxiliaries such as emulsifiers and stabilizers, and prepared as an oil or emulsion. It is formulated and applied in flowable agents, powders, granules, aerosols, sheets, paints, fumigants, poison baits, etc.

The insect repellent of the present invention may also contain known bactericidal agents, synergists, repellents, fungicides, antioxidants, fragrances, coloring agents, and the like.

[0013] The amount of active ingredient and the amount of application of the pest repellent of the present invention are appropriately determined depending on the dosage form, the pest to which it is applied, and the place of application, and are not particularly limited, but usually range from 0.1 to 90%.
It is used in a range of % by weight, and 0.0% per cm2 of area.
It is desirable to adjust the amount to 0.01 mg or more.

[0014]

【Example】

Example 1: 500 g of fresh leaves of Cyperus japonica were steam-distilled, and the distillate was extracted with n-hexane and concentrated to obtain 2.5 g of Cyperus extract.

Example 2: Cyperus extract obtained in Example 1 0.5 g, alkylbenzene 20 parts, kerosene 79.
5 parts were mixed, placed in a pressure container, cooled or pressure filled with 220 parts of the propellant, and an injection port was attached to obtain an aerosol.

Example 3: 2 parts of Cyperus extract obtained in Example 1, 50 parts of vinyl acetate resin, di-2-phthalate
A paint was obtained by mixing 7 parts of ethylhexyl and 41 parts of purified water.

In order to confirm the pest repellent effect of each of the above examples, the following application test examples 1 to 3 were conducted, and the results are shown in Tables 1 to 3.

Test Example 1: The Cyperus extract obtained in Example 1 (hereinafter referred to as sample) was dissolved in acetone, and a filter paper (2.5 x 25 cm, Toyo Roshi Co., Ltd.) was folded into a mountain shape.
The treated filter paper was then air-dried. Place 20 adult fleas in a petri dish (9 cm in diameter)
After applying acetone that does not contain Cyperus extract, air-dried filter paper (hereinafter referred to as blank filter paper) was placed next to the above-mentioned treated filter paper. The repellency rate: {(number of insects on blank filter paper−number of insects on treated filter paper)/number of insects on blank filter paper}×100 was calculated from the number of insects attached to the filter paper, and the results are shown in Table 1.

In addition, the repellency rate was calculated in exactly the same manner as in the above test example, except that DEET, a conventional repellent, was used as a control sample instead of the Cyperus extract obtained in Example 1, and the results are shown in the table. Also listed in 1.

[0020]

[Table 1]

[0021] As is clear from the repellency rate in Table 1, DE
While the repellency rate of ET was 0% after 7 days, the extract of Example 1 only decreased by 10% from immediately after treatment under the same conditions, and had almost the same repellency effect as DEET immediately after treatment for a long time. It was confirmed that it lasted.

Test Example 2: The repellent effect on mosquitoes was tested outdoors in a forest where Aedes infested with humans as an attraction source.

[0023] The aerosol containing the Cyperus extract obtained in Example 2 was sprayed onto the left arm of a person at a rate of 1.0 g/m2, while the right arm was used as a blank and the same amount of the aerosol containing no Cyperus extract was sprayed onto the left arm. . Next, with both arms exposed, the number of mosquitoes attracted to each arm was counted 30 minutes, 4 hours, and 7 hours after the application treatment, and the repellency rate was calculated from the number of insects in the same manner as in Test Example 1. It is shown in Table 2.

[0024] Furthermore, the repellency was calculated in exactly the same manner as the above test except that an aerosol containing DEET was used instead of the aerosol obtained in Example 2, and the results are also listed in Table 2.

[0025]

[Table 2]

[0026] As is clear from the repellency rate in Table 2, DE
The aerosol containing ET completely lost its repellent effect 4 hours after treatment, but the aerosol of Example 2 had a repellent effect of 8 even after 7 hours.
It showed a repellency rate of 2.8%.

Test Example 3: A plywood board piece (3 x 3 cm) coated with the paint obtained in Example 3 and a plywood board coated with a paint that does not contain Cyperus extract were used as blanks in a colony of Cyperus japonica reared in a test room. A few drops of honey was placed on each plywood board. Then 30
The repellency rate was calculated in the same manner as in Test Example 1 from the number of insects gathered on each plywood board after minutes, and the results are shown in Table 3.

[0028] In addition, the repellency rate was calculated in exactly the same manner as in Test Example 3, except that a paint containing DEET instead of Cyperus extract as a paint component in Example 3 was used as a sample, and the results are also listed in Table 3. did.

[0029]

[Table 3]

[0030] As is clear from the repellency rate in Table 3, DE
Paints containing ET as an active ingredient have a treatment amount of 0.1g/m
2, no repellent effect was observed, whereas the paint of Example 3 had a treatment amount of 1 g/m2.
．． It was found that the repellent effect was the same as that of 0 g/m2, and that a small amount had a high repellent effect.

[0031]

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, this invention has a long-lasting and excellent repellent effect against a wide range of insect pests, and also contains an extract from a plant of the Cyperaceae family, a substance that exists widely in nature. A pest repellent that
It can be said that it is a pest repellent that is highly safe and causes little environmental pollution. Therefore, it can be safely applied to exterminate unpleasant pests not only outdoors but also indoors, and has high industrial value as a versatile pest repellent.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A pest repellent comprising an extract from a Cyperaceae plant as an active ingredient.