JPH04320788A - Drying control system for grain dryer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to stabilize the amount of grains falling into a drying chamber from a cooling grain collection trough. CONSTITUTION:When grains are dropped into and supplied to a drying storage chamber 3 from a cooling grain collection trough 2 by opening and closing an on/off valve 7 in a double drying process, the amount of opening/closing of this valve 7 is controlled based on the type and moisture of grains. This construction makes it possible to stabilize the flow of the grains so that they may fall down smoothly.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to a drying control method for a grain dryer.

0002

[Prior Art] Conventionally, grains were transferred from the upper cooling storage chamber to the lower cooling grain collecting trough by opening and closing an on-off valve that opened and closed the bottom, and by transferring the cooled grains in the cooling grain collecting trough. Due to the rotational drive of the spiral, the hot air falls through the cooling grain collection gutter and flows sequentially into the drying storage room, the grain drying room, and the drying grain collection gutter, and is circulated to the cooling storage room. By ventilating the drying chamber, the grains flowing down the drying chamber are exposed to the hot air and dried, thereby performing double drying. Further, the dried grains stored in the air-cooled storage chamber after the air-cooling process is completed are determined by the closed state of the opening/closing valve at the bottom of the air-cooled grain trough and the air-cooled grain transfer spiral. The cooled grains are transferred by the cooled transfer spiral and discharged outside the machine by the rotational drive of the cooled grains.

[0003] When double drying grains, the opening/closing amount of the on-off valve is not controlled depending on the type of grain, moisture content, etc., and drying is always carried out at a constant opening/closing amount.

0004

[Problem to be Solved by the Invention] In double drying in a grain dryer, the grains stored in the upper air-cooled storage chamber are collected from the air-cooled storage chamber when the on-off valve at the bottom of the grain trough is opened. and by the rotational drive of the cooling grain transfer spiral, the grains flow down the cooling grain collecting gutter and are supplied falling into the drying storage chamber, and from this drying storage room, they are sequentially transferred into the grain drying room and into the drying grain collecting gutter. The grains flowing down in this drying chamber are
It is exposed to this hot air and dried. Further, when the cooling of the dried grains stored in the cooling storage chamber is completed, the cooling grains are transferred by the cooling grain transfer spiral by the rotational drive of the cooling grain transfer spiral. and ejected from the aircraft.

[0005] The flow condition of the grains flowing down the cooling grain gutter may vary depending on the type and moisture content of the grains during this double drying. The aim is to stabilize the flow of grains by controlling the amount of opening and closing.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems] Therefore, the present invention has the following features:
The hot air is passed through the drying chamber 4 while causing the grains to flow down sequentially from the upper cooling storage chamber 1 to the lower cooling collecting gutter 2, drying storage chamber 3, grain drying chamber 4, and drying grain collecting gutter 5. An opening/closing valve 7 is provided to ventilate and dry the grains, and discharge the grains to the outside of the machine by a cooling grain transfer spiral 6 installed in the cooling grain collecting trough 2, and opening and closing the bottom of the cooling grain collecting trough 2. In this grain dryer, the on-off valve 7 is opened and closed based on the type of grain to be loaded into the dryer and the moisture content. The drying control method is characterized by controlling the amount of drying.

Also, during double drying, depending on the type of grain and moisture, it flows down from the cooling collecting trough 2 and into the drying storage chamber 3.
The drying control method is characterized in that the falling supply amount is determined while drying is performed while detecting the falling supply amount.

[0008]

[Operation of the invention] In the double drying of the grain dryer, the grains stored in the upper air-cooled storage chamber 1 are transferred from this air-cooled storage chamber 1 to the air-cooled collecting grain trough 2 by opening the on-off valve 7 at the bottom of the air-cooling storage chamber 1. Depending on the condition and the rotational drive of the cooling grain transfer spiral 6, the grains flow down the cooling grain trough 2 and fall into the drying storage chamber 3. The grains flowing down inside the drying chamber 4 are gradually flowed down into the grain collection gutter 5 and are supplied to the cooling storage chamber 1 and circulated while passing through the drying chamber 4. It is exposed to this hot air and dried. When the cooling of the dried grains stored in the cooling storage chamber 1 is completed, the cooling grains are transferred to the cooling storage chamber 1 by rotation of the cooling grain transfer spiral 6. It is discharged outside the machine by the transfer spiral 6.

During this double drying, the opening/closing amount of the on-off valve 7 depends on the type and moisture content of the grains to be dried. For example, when the moisture content of rice grains is high (26% or more), When the fully open state is 100%, double drying is performed by controlling the fully open state to 100%, and when the moisture content of beer barley is high (26% or more), the drying is controlled to the fully open state of 95%.

[0010] Also, depending on the type and moisture content of the grain to be dried,
The falling supply amount is determined while detecting the supply amount falling from the cooling collection trough 2 to the drying storage chamber 3, and drying is controlled by the determined falling supply amount.

[0011]

According to the present invention, the opening/closing amount of the open/close valve 7 of the cooling collecting grain trough 2 for double drying is controlled depending on the grain type and moisture content. By controlling the opening/closing amount to the optimum amount, the flow state of grains is stabilized. In addition, from the cooling grain collecting trough 2 to the drying storage chamber 3
While detecting the supply amount falling to the grain, the falling supply amount is determined depending on the type and moisture content of the grains, and by controlling to this determined falling supply amount, the flowing state of the grains is stabilized. Also, since a predetermined amount of grain is always supplied falling, the drying of the grain is stabilized.

0012

[Embodiment] The illustrated example shows a grain dryer 10 in which a cooling device 8 for cooling grains is installed in the upper part, and a hot air drying device 9 for drying the grains is installed in a stacked state in the lower part. . The cooling device 8 and the hot air drying device 9 of this dryer 10 have a rectangular shape that is long in the front and back direction, and the cooling device 8 on the upper part of the machine wall 11 has a
A cooling transfer gutter 13 in which a cooling transfer spiral 12 is rotatably installed in the upper part and a cooling ceiling plate 14 are provided.
A cooling storage chamber 1 for storing grains is formed on the lower side, and a cooling full sensor 19 for detecting the full state of grains is provided in the cooling storage chamber 1.

[0013] On the lower side of the cooling storage chamber 1, there are provided cooling collecting troughs 2, 2 which communicate with the cooling storage chamber 1, and in the cooling collecting trough 2, the cooling grains are collected rotatably. It has a structure in which a grain transfer spiral 6 is installed internally, and diamond-shaped guide plates 16, 16 are provided above the cooling grain troughs 2, 2. Said cooling grain collecting trough 2
, 2 are provided on the lower side of the on-off valves 7, 7 so as to be able to open and close freely. According to
The grains in the air-cooled grain collection troughs 2, 2 are configured to fall and be supplied into the hot air drying device 9 on the lower side, and in the closed state, the grains are collected by the air-cooled grain transfer spiral 6. The structure is such that the grains in the grain troughs 2, 2 are transferred.

Grain sensors 18, 18 for detecting the amount of grains falling from the cooling grain troughs 2, 2 are provided below the cooling grain troughs 2, 2. Said cooling grain collecting trough 2
, 2 is provided with a drying transfer gutter 21 in which a drying transfer spiral 20 is rotatably installed. A drying storage chamber 3 of the hot air drying device 9 is formed below the drying transfer gutter 21, and a drying full amount sensor 22 for detecting the full amount of grains is provided in the drying storage chamber 3. In addition, on the lower side of this drying storage chamber 3, four grain drying chambers 4 are provided between each of the three ventilation chambers 23 on both left and right sides and in the center and the ventilation chambers 24, 24 on both left and right sides. At the bottom of each drying chamber 4, a feed valve 25 for feeding and flowing grains is rotatably supported, and each feed valve 25 is rotationally driven by a feed valve motor 26.

[0015] The lower side of each of the drying chambers 4 is configured to communicate with a dry grain collecting trough 5 in which a dry grain transporting spiral 27 is rotatably installed. On the front side of the machine wall 11, an air passage chamber 28 that can communicate with each of the air blow chambers 24, 24 is formed;
A burner case 30 containing a burner 29 is removably installed in the air passage chamber 28, and an operating device 31 for starting and stopping the dryer 10 is removably installed on the outer surface of the machine wall 11. The structure is as follows.

[0016] On the back side of the machine wall 11, each of the ventilation chambers 2 is provided.
3, forming an exhaust duct chamber 32 that can communicate with the
2. The central rear side exhaust cylinder 33 is provided with an exhaust fan 34, and is also provided with an exhaust fan motor 35 for rotationally driving the exhaust fan 34. Each supply port for supplying the transferred grains to the cooling storage chamber 1 and the drying storage chamber 3 is provided at the center in the front-rear direction of the bottom plate of the cooling/drying transfer troughs 13, 21, and below each supply port. On the sides, cooling/drying diffusion plates 36 and 37 are rotatably provided.

The grain hoisting machine 38 is provided on the outside of the back side of the machine wall 11, and has a belt with a bucket conveyor 39 stretched inside. One side of the tube 40 is in communication with the starting end of the cooling transfer gutter 13, and the other side is in communication with the starting end of the drying transfer gutter 21 via the falling tube 41. is provided with a discharge switching valve 42 that can be opened and closed freely, and this discharge switching valve 42
is configured to be opened and closed by forward and reverse rotation of the dispensing motor 43, and when the dispensing switching valve 42 is in the open state, the grains from the grain raising machine 38 are supplied to the cooling transfer gutter 13, and when the dispensing switching valve 42 is in the open state, the grains are supplied to the cooling transfer gutter 13. A supply gutter 44 is provided between the lower end and the terminal end of the dry grain collection gutter 5 to communicate with the dry grain transfer gutter 21, and 45 is a grain hoist motor. This grain hoist motor 4
5, each part of the grain raising machine 38 is rotationally driven.

The grain raising machine 38 is provided with a moisture sensor 46 that receives the grains that fall while being conveyed to the upper part by the bucket conveyor 39, crushes the grains under pressure, and simultaneously detects the moisture content of the crushed grains. is provided and is configured to be rotationally driven by a moisture motor 47. A drying discharge funnel 48 is provided on the bottom plate at the starting end of the drying transfer gutter 21, and a discharge switching valve 49 is provided in the drying discharge funnel 48 so as to be openable and closable. It is configured to open and close by rotation, and when the discharge switching valve 49 is closed, the grains from the downflow tube 41 pass through the drying transfer gutter 21 to the drying storage chamber 3.
The drying transfer spiral 20 in the drying transfer gutter 21 is rotationally driven by a drying transfer motor 51.

Cooling discharge funnels 52, 52 are provided at the end portions of the cooling grain collecting troughs 2, 2, and the cooling collecting grain transfer spirals 6, 6
The grains are discharged outside the machine, and the cooling grain transfer spirals 6, 6 are configured to be rotated by a cooling grain motor 53. The structure is such that the grains are not driven to rotate during single drying. When single drying is performed in the dryer 10, the opening/closing of the discharge switching valve 42 of the dispensing tube 43, the discharge switching valve 49 of the drying discharge funnel 48, and the cooling collecting grain troughs 2, 2. The valves 7, 7 are closed, and the cooling grain transfer spiral 6,
6 is in a stopped state, and the grains in the drying storage chamber 3 are transferred from this drying storage chamber 3 to each of the drying chambers 4 and the drying grain collecting trough 5.
, the grains are transferred and supplied into the hoisting machine 38 via the supply gutter 44, transported to the upper part by the bucket conveyor 39, passed through the dispensing tube 40 and the falling tube 41, and then into the drying transfer gutter 2.
1, is transferred from this drying transfer gutter 21 onto the drying diffusion plate 37, and is circulated by this drying diffusion plate 37 to be uniformly diffused and supplied into the drying storage chamber 3, and is dried. It is structured as follows.

When double drying is carried out, the discharge switching valve 42 of the discharge pipe 40 and the on-off valves 7 of the cold collecting grain troughs 2, 2 are in the open state, and the drying discharge is The discharge switching valve 49 of the funnel 48 is closed, and the grains in the drying storage chamber 3 are passed from the drying storage chamber 3 through the drying chambers 4, the drying grain collection gutter 5, and the supply gutter 44. The grains are transferred and supplied into the hoisting machine 38, transported to the upper part by the bucket conveyor 39, and then passed from the dispensing cylinder 40 to the cooling transfer gutter 1.
2, is transferred from this cooling transfer gutter 12 onto the cooling diffusion plate 36, and is evenly distributed and supplied into the cooling storage chamber 1 by this cooling diffusion plate 36, and is supplied to the cooling storage chamber 1. Room 1
The grain is then circulated through the cooling collecting troughs 2, 2 and into the drying storage chamber 3, where it is dried.

[0021] When cooling is performed, the dispensing tube 40
The discharge switching valve 42 of the cooling collecting grain troughs 2, 2 and the discharge switching valve 49 of the drying discharge funnel 48 are closed, and the The cold grain transfer spiral 6 is in a stopped state, and the dried grains in the drying storage chamber 3 are transferred from the drying storage chamber 3 through the drying chambers 4, the drying grain collecting gutter 5, and the supply gutter 44. The grains are transferred and supplied to the inside of the raising machine 38, conveyed to the upper part by the bucket conveyor 39, supplied from the dispensing tube 40 into the cooling transfer gutter 13, and from the cooling transfer gutter 13 to the cooling diffusion plate. 36, and this cooling diffusion plate 36 cools the cooling storage chamber 1.
It is configured to be uniformly diffused and supplied into the cooling storage chamber 1 and left to cool.

The operating device 31 has a box shape, and the surface plate of the box is equipped with various parts of the dryer 10, the burner 29, the moisture sensor 46, etc., and is activated for each operation of discharge and cooling. Each start switch 54 to be operated, single start switch 5 to be operated separately for single drying and double drying.
5. A double start switch 56, a stop switch 57 for stopping operation, a moisture setting knob 58 for setting the finishing target moisture content of grains depending on the operating position, and a grain type setting knob for setting the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner 29 depending on the operating position. A screwdriver 59 and a clamping amount setting knob 60 are provided, and the surface plate is equipped with a digital display section 61 and a monitor, etc., which alternately digitally display detected grain moisture, detected drying temperature, remaining drying time, etc. It is said that

The moisture sensor 4 is located inside the operating device 31.
6. A hot air temperature sensor 62 that detects the hot air temperature in the ventilation chamber 24, an A-D converter 63 that converts the detected values detected by the grain sensors 18, 18 from AD to AD, an input circuit 64 into which the converted value is input; the switches 54, 55, 56, 57; and the setting knob 58;
59, 60 and the cooling/drying full amount sensor 19,
22, a CPU 66 that performs arithmetic and logical operations, comparison operations, etc. on various input values input from these input circuits 64 and 65;
It has a built-in drying control device 68 that includes an output circuit 67 and the like that receives and outputs various commands from the U66. The setting knobs 58, 59, and 60 are of a rotary switch type, and a predetermined value, type, etc. are set according to the operating position.

The drying control by the drying control device 68 is as follows:
The configuration is performed as follows. That is, the double start switch 56 that starts double drying is operated, the content of this operation is input to the CPU 66, each part of the dryer 10 is started by this input, and the grains in the cooling storage chamber 1 are , double drying is started. As shown in FIG. 2, double drying is started (step 1), the grain type setting knob 59 is operated, the content of this operation is input to the CPU 66, and the type of grain to be dried is set (
In step 2), the grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor 46 is input to the CPU 66 (step 3), and based on the set grain type and detected moisture,
According to the grain type and moisture content, the CPU 66
The set and memorized opening amount of the on-off valves 7, 7 is selected (step 4), and, for example, the set grain type is set and input as paddy grain, and the detected grain moisture is 22%. When it is detected and input, the opening/closing valves 7, 7 are determined to be 80% open, assuming that the fully open state is 100% (step 5), and as a result of this determination, the above-mentioned The on-off valve motors 17, 17 are operated by the CPU 66.
The opening/closing valves 7, 7 are operated and controlled to be 80% open (step 6).

Double drying is also started, the grain type setting knob 59 is operated, and the content of this operation is transmitted to the CPU 66.
The grain type to be dried is input to the CPU 66, and the grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor 46 is input to the CPU 66. Depending on the type and moisture content of each grain, a set and stored falling supply amount of the grains to be dropped from the cooling device 8 to the hot air drying device 9 is selected and set, and this set falling supply amount and each of the grains are The falling supply amount detected by the grain sensor 18 is compared, and if there is a difference, the opening and closing states of the on-off valves 7, 7 are controlled so that the falling supply amount becomes the same as the set falling supply amount. The grains are double-dried under the control of one of the above methods.

Additionally, the drying control device 63 has the following functions. That is, the operation details of the moisture setting knob 58 are input to the CPU 66, the finishing target moisture is set by this input, the grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor 46 is also input to the CPU 66, and these detected grain moisture and a set finishing target moisture content, and when the detected grain moisture reaches the finishing target moisture content, the dryer 10 is automatically stopped and the drying of the grains is stopped.

The hot air temperature set by operating the setting knobs 59 and 60 is compared with the hot air temperature detected by the hot air temperature sensor 62, and if there is a difference, the hot air temperature is set to the same hot air temperature as the set hot air temperature. The structure is such that the amount of combustion fuel is controlled to increase or decrease. Hereinafter, the operation of the above embodiment will be explained. When double-drying the grains housed in the grain dryer 10, the setting knobs 58, 5 of the operating device 31
9, 60 to predetermined positions and the double start switch 56 that starts double drying, each part of the dryer 10, the burner 29, and the moisture sensor 46 are started, and at the same time, the cooling grain collection troughs 2, The on-off valves 7, 7 of 2 and the discharge switching valve 42 of the discharge tube 40 are controlled to be open, and the discharge switching valve 49 of the drying discharge funnel 48 is controlled to be closed, and double drying is started.

The hot air generated from the burner 29 passes from the air duct chamber 28 to the air duct chambers 24, 24, through each grain drying chamber 4, through each exhaust chamber 23 and an air exhaust duct chamber 32, and then to the exhaust fan 34.
The grains stored in the cooling storage chamber 1 of the cooling device 8 are transferred from the cooling storage chamber 1 to the hot air drying device 9 via the cooling collection troughs 2, 2. The grains are supplied falling into the drying storage chamber 3 and are exposed to this hot air while flowing down from the drying storage chamber 3 into each of the drying chambers 4 to be dried.
The dried grains are fed out to the lower part and flowed down, and are transferred and supplied from the dry grain collecting trough 5 through the supply trough 44 into the grain raising machine 38 by the dry grain transporting spiral 6 in the dry grain collecting trough 5, and then to the bucket conveyor 39. It is transported to the upper part through the discharge tube 40 and supplied into the cooling transfer gutter 13, and from the cooling transfer gutter 13 onto the cooling diffusion plate 36 by the cooling transfer spiral 12 in the cooling transfer gutter 13. The grains are transferred and supplied, are evenly diffused and returned into the cooling storage chamber 1 by the cooling diffusion plate 36, and are circulated and dried. When the finishing target moisture content is reached, the drying control device 68 of the operating device 31 automatically stops the dryer 10 and stops drying the grains.

During this double drying, the temperature of the cooling collecting grain trough 2 is determined based on the grain type set by operating the grain type setting knob 59 and the grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor 46. The amount of opening and closing of the on-off valve 7 is controlled to double dry the grains.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The figure shows one embodiment of the invention.

[Figure 1] Block diagram

[Figure 2] Flowchart

[Figure 3] Opening/closing amount display diagram of the on-off valve

[Figure 4] Overall side view of grain dryer

[Figure 5] Enlarged sectional view taken along line AA in Figure 4

[Fig. 6] B-B enlarged sectional view of Fig. 4

[Figure 7] Enlarged perspective view of part of the grain dryer

[Figure 8] Enlarged front view of part of the grain dryer

[Figure 9] Enlarged partially cutaway front view of a part of the grain dryer

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Cooling storage chamber 2 Cooling grain collection gutter 3 Dry storage room 4 Grain drying room 5 Dry grain gutter 6 Cooling grain transfer spiral 7 On-off valve

Claims (2)

[Claims] Claim 1: While the grains are sequentially flowing down from the upper air-cooling storage chamber 1 to the lower air-cooling grain collecting trough 2, drying storage chamber 3, grain drying room 4, and drying grain collecting trough 5, the hot air is The grains are ventilated to the drying chamber 4 for drying, and the grains are discharged to the outside of the machine by a cooling grain transfer spiral 6 installed in the cooling grain trough 2, and the bottom of the cooling grain trough 2 is removed. In a grain dryer that switches between dropping and supplying grains into the drying storage chamber 3 on the lower side depending on the open state of an on-off valve 7, the drying method A drying control method characterized by drying by controlling the amount of opening and closing of the on-off valve 7. 2. While the grains are sequentially flowing down from the upper air-cooling storage chamber 1 to the lower air-cooling grain collecting trough 2, drying storage chamber 3, grain drying room 4, and drying grain collecting trough 5, the hot air is The grains are ventilated to the drying chamber 4 for drying, and the grains are discharged to the outside of the machine by a cooling grain transfer spiral 6 installed inside the cooling grain trough 2. In a grain dryer that switches between dropping and supplying into the dry storage chamber 3 on the lower side depending on the open state of an on-off valve 7 that opens and closes, the type of grain that is loaded into the dryer,
and the drying storage chamber 3 from the cooling grain collecting trough 2 based on the moisture content.
A drying control method characterized by determining the falling supply amount while detecting the falling supply amount and drying.