JPH04318155A - Reforming method of surface of base material made of aluminum or aluminum alloy - Google Patents
Reforming method of surface of base material made of aluminum or aluminum alloyInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04318155A JPH04318155A JP11210191A JP11210191A JPH04318155A JP H04318155 A JPH04318155 A JP H04318155A JP 11210191 A JP11210191 A JP 11210191A JP 11210191 A JP11210191 A JP 11210191A JP H04318155 A JPH04318155 A JP H04318155A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- modified layer
- base material
- forming
- aluminum
- alloy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims 2
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007712 rapid solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】0001
【産業上の利用分野】本発明はＡｌまたはＡｌ合金製母
材に対する改質層形成方法、特に、母材表面を高密度エ
ネルギ源を用いて溶融すると共にその溶融池に改質元素
を添加して改質層を形成する方法の改良に関する。[Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a method for forming a modified layer on a base material made of Al or Al alloy, and in particular, a method for forming a modified layer on a base material made of Al or Al alloy, in particular, a method for melting the surface of the base material using a high-density energy source and adding modifying elements to the molten pool. The present invention relates to an improvement in a method for forming a modified layer.
【０００２】0002
【従来の技術】従来、この種改質層の形成に当っては、
改質元素のみをキャリヤガスによって溶融池に噴射して
いる。[Prior Art] Conventionally, in forming this type of modified layer,
Only the modifying elements are injected into the molten pool using a carrier gas.
【０００３】0003
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、従来法
によると、溶融池内において、溶湯の対流が十分に行わ
れないため、改質層内の成分、金属組織、硬度等が不均
一となって高品質な改質層を形成することができず、ま
た改質層の深さが比較的浅いためその層の耐久性が低い
、といった問題がある。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, according to the conventional method, sufficient convection of the molten metal does not take place within the molten pool, resulting in nonuniformity of the components, metal structure, hardness, etc. in the modified layer, resulting in high There are problems in that a quality modified layer cannot be formed and the durability of the modified layer is low because the depth of the modified layer is relatively shallow.
【０００４】本発明は前記問題を解決することのできる
前記改質層形成方法を提供することを目的とする。[0004] An object of the present invention is to provide a method for forming the modified layer that can solve the above problems.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、ＡｌまたはＡ
ｌ合金製母材表面を高密度エネルギ源を用いて溶融する
と共にその溶融池に改質元素を添加して改質層を形成す
るに当り、前記改質元素と共に界面活性化元素を添加す
ることを特徴とする。[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention provides Al or A
When melting the surface of the alloy base material using a high-density energy source and adding a modifying element to the molten pool to form a modified layer, adding an interfacial activating element along with the modifying element. It is characterized by
【０００６】[0006]
【実施例】図１は改質層形成方法を示す。この方法の実
施に当っては、ＡｌまたはＡｌ合金製母材１を矢印方向
へ移動させ、その表面をオシレータ２より照射される高
密度エネルギ源としてのレーザビーム３により溶融する
と共にその溶融池４に粉末供給機５よりキャリヤガスに
よって改質元素および界面活性化元素の粉末６を噴射し
、同時にガス供給ノズル７よりシールドガス８を噴射す
るものである。母材１には溶融池４の冷却に伴い改質層
９が形成される。EXAMPLE FIG. 1 shows a method for forming a modified layer. In carrying out this method, a base material 1 made of Al or Al alloy is moved in the direction of the arrow, and its surface is melted by a laser beam 3 as a high-density energy source irradiated by an oscillator 2, and the molten pool 4 At the same time, powders 6 of modifying elements and surface-activating elements are injected from a powder feeder 5 using a carrier gas, and at the same time, a shielding gas 8 is injected from a gas supply nozzle 7. A modified layer 9 is formed in the base material 1 as the molten pool 4 cools.
【０００７】改質元素としては、Ｎｉ、Ｃｕ、Ｃｒ、Ｃ
ｏ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ等が用いられる。また界面活性化元素と
しては、Ｂｉ、Ｐｂ、Ｂａ、Ｌｉ、Ｓｂ、Ｓｒ、Ｃａ、
Ｔｌ、Ｓｎから選択される少なくとも一種が用いられ、
その添加量は、改質層９における界面活性化元素の含有
量が５重量％以上、３０重量％以下となるように設定さ
れる。これら界面活性化元素は改質層９の特性を損うこ
とはない。[0007] Modifying elements include Ni, Cu, Cr, and C.
o, Fe, Mn, etc. are used. In addition, surface-activating elements include Bi, Pb, Ba, Li, Sb, Sr, Ca,
At least one selected from Tl and Sn is used,
The amount added is set so that the content of the surface-activating element in the modified layer 9 is 5% by weight or more and 30% by weight or less. These surface-activating elements do not impair the properties of the modified layer 9.
【０００８】前記のように改質元素と界面活性化元素と
を同時に添加すると、その界面活性化元素によって溶湯
の表面張力、したがって表面エネルギが下げられるため
、溶湯の流動性が増してその対流が活発に行われ、これ
により改質層９内の成分、金属組織、硬度等を均一化し
て高品質な改質層９を形成することができる。When a modifying element and a surface-activating element are added at the same time as described above, the surface-activating element lowers the surface tension and therefore the surface energy of the molten metal, increasing the fluidity of the molten metal and inhibiting its convection. This is carried out actively, thereby making it possible to make the components, metal structure, hardness, etc. in the modified layer 9 uniform, and to form a high quality modified layer 9.
【０００９】また、溶湯の対流が活発に行われると、溶
融池４の温度が均一化されるためその溶融池４の深さが
増し、これにより深い改質層９を形成してその耐久性を
向上させることができる。Furthermore, when the convection of the molten metal is actively carried out, the temperature of the molten pool 4 becomes uniform, so the depth of the molten pool 4 increases, thereby forming a deep modified layer 9, which improves its durability. can be improved.
【００１０】改質層形成条件の一例を挙げれば次の通り
である。レーザ出力：５ｋＷ；スポットサイズ：直径２
．３５ｍｍ；オシレータ：幅５ｍｍ、１００Ｈｚ；母材
移動速度：６００ｍｍ／ｍｉｎ ；シールドガス：Ｈｅ
、噴射量２×１０４ ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ ；キャリヤガス：
Ｈｅ、噴射量１１．５×１０４ ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ ；母材
：Ａｌ合金（Ａ５０５２材）；改質元素：純度９９％以
上で粒径２００メッシュ以下のＮｉ粉末、噴射量１１．
６ｇ／ｍｉｎ ；界面活性化元素：純度９９％以上で粒
径１５０メッシュ（平均）のＢｉ粉末、噴射量６．７ｇ
／ｍｉｎ 。An example of conditions for forming the modified layer is as follows. Laser power: 5kW; Spot size: 2 diameter
．． 35mm; Oscillator: Width 5mm, 100Hz; Base material movement speed: 600mm/min; Shielding gas: He
, injection amount 2×104 ml/min; carrier gas:
He, injection amount 11.5×104 ml/min; Base material: Al alloy (A5052 material); Modifying element: Ni powder with a purity of 99% or more and a particle size of 200 mesh or less, injection amount 11.
6g/min; Surface activating element: Bi powder with a purity of 99% or more and a particle size of 150 mesh (average), injection amount 6.7g
/min.
【００１１】図２は、前記方法により形成された改質層
９の金属組織を示す顕微鏡写真であり、この改質層９は
Ｎｉを約２５重量％含有する金属間化合物より構成され
、Ｂｉの含有量は１０重量％である。図３は、Ｎｉ粉末
のみを用いて形成された比較例改質層９０ の金属組織
を示す顕微鏡写真である。FIG. 2 is a micrograph showing the metallographic structure of the modified layer 9 formed by the above method, and this modified layer 9 is composed of an intermetallic compound containing about 25% by weight of Ni and The content is 10% by weight. FIG. 3 is a micrograph showing the metal structure of a comparative example modified layer 90 formed using only Ni powder.
【００１２】図２から明らかなように、Ｎｉ粉末および
Ｂｉ粉末を用いると、図３に比べて均一な金属組織が得
られ、また改質層９も深いことが判る。As is clear from FIG. 2, when Ni powder and Bi powder are used, a more uniform metal structure can be obtained than in FIG. 3, and the modified layer 9 is also deeper.
【００１３】図４は、改質層９におけるＢｉ含有量と改
質層９内の硬度ばらつきとの関係を示す。硬度ばらつき
は、改質層９内において２０点以上の硬度を測定し、そ
の標準偏差（σｎ−１ ）を求めたものである。FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the Bi content in the modified layer 9 and the hardness variation within the modified layer 9. The hardness variation is obtained by measuring the hardness at 20 or more points in the modified layer 9 and calculating the standard deviation (σn-1).
【００１４】図４から明らかなように、Ｂｉ含有量を５
重量％以上、３０重量％以下に設定することによって硬
度ばらつきを小さくすることができる。As is clear from FIG. 4, the Bi content was
By setting the amount to be between 30% and 30% by weight, variations in hardness can be reduced.
【００１５】図５は、本発明による改質層９と比較例改
質層９０ の深さを比べたもので、本発明による改質層
９は深さが１．０ｍｍであるのに対し、比較例改質層９
０ は深さが０．７ｍｍと浅い。FIG. 5 compares the depths of the modified layer 9 according to the present invention and a comparative modified layer 90. The modified layer 9 according to the present invention has a depth of 1.0 mm, while Comparative example modified layer 9
0 has a shallow depth of 0.7 mm.
【００１６】次に、母材を急冷凝固粉末より構成した場
合について考察する。Next, the case where the base material is composed of rapidly solidified powder will be considered.
【００１７】この材料は、急冷凝固という非平衡プロセ
スを利用して高合金化を図ることにより高強度化を狙っ
たものであり、α−Ａｌマトリックス中に準安定金属間
化合物が微細に分散した金属組織を有する。[0017] This material aims to achieve high strength by achieving high alloying using a non-equilibrium process called rapid solidification. It has a metallic structure.
【００１８】この粉末より構成された母材に前記同様の
改質層形成方法を適用すると、改質層直下の熱影響域に
は準安定金属間化合物の分解に起因して軟化層が形成さ
れる。この場合、軟化層の深さを或値以下に抑えれば、
変形（塑性）拘束効果によって強度低下を回避すること
ができる。When the same method of forming a modified layer as described above is applied to a base material composed of this powder, a softened layer is formed in the heat-affected zone directly under the modified layer due to the decomposition of the metastable intermetallic compound. Ru. In this case, if the depth of the softened layer is kept below a certain value,
Strength reduction can be avoided by the deformation (plasticity) restraint effect.
【００１９】本発明においては、改質層形成条件を特定
することによって、母材としてＡｌ−６重量％Ｃｒ−３
重量％Ｆｅ合金を用いた場合、軟化層の深さを最小０．
３ｍｍに制御して母材の強度を維持させることができた
。
前記条件としては、レーザ出力：３ｋＷ；スポットサイ
ズ：直径３ｍｍ（オシレートなし）；母材移動速度：７
５０ｍｍ／ｍｉｎ 以上、を挙げることができる。In the present invention, by specifying the conditions for forming the modified layer, Al-6% by weight Cr-3 is used as the base material.
When using a wt% Fe alloy, the depth of the softened layer is set to a minimum of 0.
By controlling the thickness to 3 mm, the strength of the base material could be maintained. The conditions are: laser output: 3 kW; spot size: diameter 3 mm (no oscillation); base material movement speed: 7
50 mm/min or more.
【００２０】本発明は、例えば内燃機関用ロッカアーム
のスリッパ面、内燃機関用シリンダブロックのボア内面
、ブレーキディスクのパッド摺接面等に適用される。The present invention is applied to, for example, the slipper surface of a rocker arm for an internal combustion engine, the inner surface of a bore of a cylinder block for an internal combustion engine, the pad sliding surface of a brake disc, etc.
【００２１】[0021]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、改質元素と共に界面活
性化元素を用いることによって、高品質で耐久性のある
改質層を容易に形成することができる。According to the present invention, a high quality and durable modified layer can be easily formed by using a surface activating element together with a modifying element.
【図１】改質層形成方法の説明図である。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a modified layer forming method.
【図２】本発明により形成された改質層の金属組織を示
す顕微鏡写真である。FIG. 2 is a micrograph showing the metal structure of a modified layer formed according to the present invention.
【図３】比較例改質層の金属組織を示す顕微鏡写真であ
る。FIG. 3 is a micrograph showing the metal structure of a comparative example modified layer.
【図４】改質層におけるＢｉ含有量と改質層内の硬度ば
らつきとの関係を示すグラフである。FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between Bi content in a modified layer and hardness variation within the modified layer.
【図５】改質層の深さを示すグラフである。FIG. 5 is a graph showing the depth of a modified layer.
１ 母材
３ レーザビーム（高密度エネルギ源）４
溶融池
６ 改質元素および界面活性化元素の粉末９
改質層1 Base material 3 Laser beam (high density energy source) 4
Molten pool 6 Modifying element and surface activating element powder 9
modified layer
Claims (3)
度エネルギ源を用いて溶融すると共にその溶融池に改質
元素を添加して改質層を形成するに当り、前記改質元素
と共に界面活性化元素を添加することを特徴とする、Ａ
ｌまたはＡｌ合金製母材に対する改質層形成方法。Claim 1: When forming a modified layer by melting the surface of an Al or Al alloy base material using a high-density energy source and adding a modifying element to the molten pool, a A characterized by adding an activating element.
A method for forming a modified layer on a base material made of aluminum or aluminum alloy.
Ｂａ、Ｌｉ、Ｓｂ、Ｓｒ、Ｃａ、Ｔｌ、Ｓｎから選択さ
れる少なくとも一種である、請求項１記載のＡｌまたは
Ａｌ合金製母材に対する改質層形成方法。2. The surface-activating element is Bi, Pb,
The method for forming a modified layer on an Al or Al alloy base material according to claim 1, wherein the modified layer is at least one selected from Ba, Li, Sb, Sr, Ca, Tl, and Sn.
改質層における界面活性化元素の含有量が５重量％以上
、３０重量％以下となるように設定される、請求項１ま
たは２記載のＡｌまたはＡｌ合金製母材に対する改質層
形成方法。3. The amount of the surface-activating element added is set such that the content of the surface-activating element in the modified layer is 5% by weight or more and 30% by weight or less. A method for forming a modified layer on the Al or Al alloy base material described above.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11210191A JPH04318155A (en) | 1991-04-18 | 1991-04-18 | Reforming method of surface of base material made of aluminum or aluminum alloy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11210191A JPH04318155A (en) | 1991-04-18 | 1991-04-18 | Reforming method of surface of base material made of aluminum or aluminum alloy |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04318155A true JPH04318155A (en) | 1992-11-09 |
Family
ID=14578159
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11210191A Pending JPH04318155A (en) | 1991-04-18 | 1991-04-18 | Reforming method of surface of base material made of aluminum or aluminum alloy |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH04318155A (en) |
-
1991
- 1991-04-18 JP JP11210191A patent/JPH04318155A/en active Pending
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JPH0525655A (en) | Method for hardening surface of aluminum base metal and surface hardened aluminum base member | |
| US4157923A (en) | Surface alloying and heat treating processes | |
| US4015100A (en) | Surface modification | |
| JP2678804B2 (en) | Method for forming pure Cu build-up layer on iron alloy substrate | |
| US5336342A (en) | Copper-iron-zirconium alloy having improved properties and a method of manufacture thereof | |
| JPS6011094B2 (en) | Surface alloying method for steel or cast iron | |
| KR20220093221A (en) | Additive Manufacturing Process for Maraging Steel | |
| EP0221752A2 (en) | High energy padding method utilizing coating containing copper | |
| JPH04318155A (en) | Reforming method of surface of base material made of aluminum or aluminum alloy | |
| US7235144B2 (en) | Method for the formation of a high-strength and wear-resistant composite layer | |
| JP2621448B2 (en) | Cladding method | |
| JPH0247279A (en) | Surface coating containing al-base alloy and method for its manufacture | |
| JPH079085A (en) | Manufacture of partially reformed aluminum-made core for casting | |
| JPS63224888A (en) | Laser build-up welding method | |
| JPS63224889A (en) | Laser build-up welding method | |
| JP3163112B2 (en) | High toughness and high wear resistance Al intermetallic compound composite | |
| Mordike et al. | Laser Melting and Surface Alloying | |
| JP2797201B2 (en) | Titanium or titanium alloy structural members | |
| JP2769337B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of aluminum alloy material with excellent wear resistance | |
| JP2769338B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of aluminum alloy material with excellent wear resistance | |
| JPS6379981A (en) | Method for highly alloying surface of aluminum alloy | |
| WO1991005072A1 (en) | Method of modifying the surface of a substrate | |
| JP3163113B2 (en) | High toughness and high wear resistance Al intermetallic compound composite | |
| JPS6379980A (en) | Method for highly alloying surface of cast iron | |
| JP3194985B2 (en) | High toughness and high wear resistance Al intermetallic compound composite |