JPH04302962A - Heat engine driven heat pump type heating and cooling apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a heat pump type cooling and heating apparatus where the heat exchange ability does not decrease and frosting does not occur even when the outside temperature falls like in severe winter seasons. CONSTITUTION:To introduce heat dissipation from a heat engine to outdoor heat exchangers 4, shell plates of an outdoor heat exchanger cover 20 are arranged so as to face the outdoor heat exchangers 4, and heat engine room vent pipes 12 are opened toward the inside of the cover 20.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

[Industrial Application Field] The present invention is a heat engine-driven heat pump type in which warm air released from the ventilation outlet of an engine room is guided to the surface of an outdoor heat exchanger together with outside air during heating operation when the outside temperature is low. Regarding air conditioners.

0002

2. Description of the Related Art A heating and cooling system has a circuit that combines a compressor, a switching valve, a heat exchanger as an indoor unit, an expansion valve, and a heat exchanger as an outdoor unit (acting as a condenser or evaporator). A heat pump type air conditioner/heater that uses a gas engine to operate this compressor has been proposed.

FIG. 7 shows an example of a conventional heat pump air conditioner.
, shown in FIGS. 8 and 9. In FIG. 8, the outdoor unit includes a gas engine 1, a compressor 2, an engine room 3 that houses other auxiliary equipment, two outdoor heat exchangers 4, and two outdoor heat exchange fans 5. It is composed of two chambers, a heat exchanger chamber 6.

The engine room 3 has engine room panels (13 in FIG. 1) on the front and opposite sides, engine room side panels (14 in FIG. 2) on the right and left sides, and an outdoor unit bottom plate 7 on the bottom.
The upper part is separated from the outside by a partition plate 8 that serves as a partition between the heat exchanger room and the engine room. On the outdoor unit bottom plate 7,
An engine room ventilation fan 9 is installed to communicate with the outside of the engine room and to introduce outside air into the engine room. The partition plate 8 has an engine room ventilation outlet 10 that communicates the engine room 3 and the heat exchanger room 6. The heat exchanger chamber 6 is equipped with heat exchanger chamber side panels (15 in FIG. 2) on the right and left sides.

As shown in FIG. 9, the cooling water circuit for the gas engine 1 is equipped with a cooling water pump (16 in FIG. 9), a cooling water switching valve 17, a radiator 18, and an exhaust gas heat exchanger 19. . The solid line arrows in FIG. 9 indicate the cooling water path during cooling operation, and the dotted line arrows indicate the cooling water path during heating operation.

Under the action of the cooling water pump 16, the engine cooling water enters the exhaust gas heat exchanger 19, absorbs heat from the exhaust gas, is then injected into the engine 1, passes through various parts of the engine, absorbs heat, and comes out of the engine. During cooling operation, the cooling water switching valve 17 circulates cooling water to the radiator 18, where it releases heat into the atmosphere and flows into the cooling water pump to cool the engine.

During heating operation, when a sensor detects a decrease in heating capacity or frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger, the cooling water switching valve 1 is activated.
At step 7, the cooling water is passed through the outdoor heat exchanger 4, and the heat of the cooling water is given to the outdoor heat exchanger 4 to improve the heating capacity.

[0008]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, even if this method is applied, if the outside air temperature decreases during heating operation, the heating capacity will still decrease and the heat exchanger 4 will become frosted. Therefore,
An object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art described above.

[0009]

[Means for solving the problem] Heat engine-driven heat pump type air conditioners are equipped with ventilation holes in the engine room to prevent the temperature in the engine room from rising due to heat radiation from the heat engine, which has a negative impact on auxiliary equipment in the engine room. The air inside the engine room that has risen due to the increase in air is released to the outside. Therefore, we focused on the fact that if this air, which has increased in temperature and is released to the outside, is guided to the surface of the outdoor heat exchanger, the ambient temperature of the heat exchanger increases and the same condition as when the outside temperature rises can be obtained. The present invention is proposed.

[0010] The present invention basically employs means for guiding warm air inside the engine room to the surface of the outdoor heat exchanger together with outside air using a cover.

More specifically, the present invention provides an engine room in which at least an engine and a compressor are arranged, a heat exchange room in which at least an air heat exchanger is arranged, and a first part of the engine room in which both rooms can freely communicate with each other. 1 ventilation outlet, a cover facing the air heat exchanger, and a second ventilation outlet in the engine room that opens when the first ventilation outlet in the engine room is closed.
Provided is a heat engine-driven heat pump air conditioner having a ventilation outlet.

0012

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Refer to FIGS. 1 to 4. In Figure 3, the air taken into the engine room 3 by the engine room ventilation fan is
The flow rises from the bottom of the engine room to the top of the engine room. Then, it flows out from the first ventilation outlet 10 of the engine room to the heat exchanger room 6. The air taken into the engine room 3 absorbs heat from the engine room 3 and its temperature rises before leaving from the engine room ventilation outlet 10. By creating a series of air flows, it is possible to prevent high temperatures within the engine room.

Since the outdoor heat exchanger fan 5 acts to suck out air from the heat exchanger chamber 6, the heat exchanger chamber 6 has a negative pressure with respect to atmospheric pressure, and the air passes through the two outdoor heat exchangers 4. Outside air flows into the heat exchanger chamber 6. While passing through this heat exchanger 4, the air undergoes heat exchange. Air from the engine room ventilation outlet 10 described above also flows into the heat exchanger room 6. The heat exchanger fan then releases the heat to the outside air without stagnation in the heat exchanger room. This method is used when the outside temperature is high enough to obtain sufficient heating capacity by switching the cooling water route during cooling or heating operation.

[0014] A cover 20 is placed opposite to and separated from the outdoor heat exchanger 4.
Attach. The lower opening of the cover 20 is directed towards the second ventilation outlet 12. When the outside temperature drops further during heating operation, the cooling water route is switched to transfer the heat of the cooling water to the outdoor heat exchanger 4.
If only the heat is applied to the outside air, the effect of pumping up heat from the outside air will be reduced, and the heat exchanger 4 will become frosted and heat exchange will no longer be performed. Therefore, the heating capacity is increased and frost formation is prevented by the method described below.

When a decrease in heating capacity is detected by an outside air temperature sensor or a sensor installed on the refrigerant low pressure side, the actuator closes the exhaust outlet opening/closing cover 11 and closes the engine room ventilation outlet 12 during heating operation, as shown in FIG. will be held. In this state, in order to prevent the engine room from becoming too hot, the air taken into the engine room by the engine room ventilation fan 9 flows upward from the bottom of the engine room to the top of the engine room. The air taken in takes away the heat in the engine room 3 and its temperature rises. Engine room 3 air that is warmer than outside air is discharged to the outside of the engine room from the engine room ventilation outlet 12 during heating operation because the exhaust outlet opening/closing cover 11 is closed.

However, during heating operation, the engine room ventilation outlet 12
Since the air is directed toward the outdoor heat exchanger 4 by the cover 20, the air that is released from the engine room 3 and is sufficiently warmer than the outside air is blown directly onto the front surface of the outdoor heat exchanger 4. Then, by the action of the outdoor heat exchanger fan 5, the air released from the engine room 3 and blown directly to the front surface of the outdoor heat exchanger 4 is taken into the heat exchanger room 6 together with the outside air. In this way, heat radiation from the engine is applied to the outdoor heat exchanger 4. That is, in addition to the conventional method of supplying the heat of the engine exhaust gas and the heat of the engine body to the outdoor heat exchanger 4 via cooling water, the heat radiated from the engine is supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 4.

Furthermore, even if the layout of the engine room 3 and heat exchanger room 6 of the outdoor unit is as shown in FIG. 4 If you spray it on the front, you can get the same effect as above. In this specific example, a gas engine-driven heat pump type air conditioner/heater is used, but other heat engine driven heat pump type air conditioners or heaters can also be used.

[0018]

According to the present invention, a cover is attached to the front surface of the outdoor heat exchanger, and warm air from the engine room is guided to the front surface of the outdoor heat exchanger using the cover as a guide, so that loss of hot air is reduced. In addition, the cover can prevent extremely cold air and snow from directly hitting the heat exchanger. Furthermore, the engine load can be reduced without raising the cooling water temperature more than necessary.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of an example of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of an example of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the flow of air when the outside temperature is high during cooling operation and heating operation.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the flow of air when the outside temperature is low during heating.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing another example of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a side view showing another example of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a front view of a conventional example.

FIG. 8 is a side view of a conventional example.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the path of cooling water during cooling and heating operations.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Engine 2 Compressor 3 Engine room 4 Outdoor heat exchanger 6 Heat exchange room 8 Partition plate 9 Engine room ventilation fan 10 Engine room ventilation outlet 12 Engine room ventilation outlet 20 Outdoor heat exchanger cover

Claims (3)

[Claims] Claim 1: An engine room in which at least an engine and a compressor are disposed, a heat exchange room in which at least an air heat exchanger is disposed, a first ventilation outlet of the engine room that allows free communication between the two chambers, and an air A heat engine-driven heat pump type air-conditioning machine having a cover facing a heat exchanger and a second ventilation outlet of the engine room that opens when the first ventilation outlet of the engine room is closed. 2. The air conditioner/heater according to claim 1, wherein an air heat exchanger is incorporated in the engine cooling water circuit. 3. The air-conditioning/heating machine according to claim 1, comprising an engine room and a heat exchange room arranged side by side.