JPS6015217A - Air conditioner for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To raise the rise of heating at the beginning of chilling by a method in which air is passed through the heat exchanger of a water heater and then through the vehicular room side exchanger of a heat pump type air conditioner, and the temperature of cooling water in the hot water heater is utilized for increasing the heating performance of the heat pump. CONSTITUTION:When the switch 54 of heat pump is turned on, an air mixing damper 43 is automatically or manually set at the position where the air flows only to the second air flow path 42. A four-way valve 32 and a solenoid valve 46 are electrically energized, a bypass air-flow path 48 is opened by a bypass damper 44, refrigerant flows to the direction of broken line, and a heating cycle is formed. Air stream in the air supply duct 4 is passed through the heater core 22 by the damper 44 and then through an indoor device 34. Therefore, the rise of blow-out temperature is more raised than in the case of heating only by the indoor device 34.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an air conditioning system for a vehicle that combines a heat pump type air conditioning system and a heating system using a wet water heater that utilizes engine cooling water.

The heating system in a car is a system in which the cooling water (warm water) that cools the engine is passed through the pipes of a heat exchanger (heater core) in a middle chamber, and the air that passes through the outer surface of the pipe of the heater core is heated. A so-called hot water heater that heats the water and blows it into the vehicle interior from the outlet of the duct 1 to heat the vehicle interior is common. With this water-drought heater, when the engine is started, it takes time to heat up the cooling water, so a quick heating effect cannot be obtained.

In addition, there is a tendency for vehicles equipped with engines with good heat efficiency, such as diesel engine engines, to lack heating capacity in cold regions because the cooling water temperature cannot be maintained sufficiently. In addition, in recent years, automotive air-conditioning systems have adopted a 1'1' cycle of refrigeration as a heating cycle in winter, and the heat pumped up from the outside air by a heat exchanger outside the vehicle (hereinafter referred to as the outdoor unit) is transferred to the heat exchanger inside the vehicle (hereinafter referred to as the indoor unit). A heat pump type air-conditioning system that radiates heat into the car (hereinafter referred to as P1~
It has been proposed (for example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 143909/1983) to use a pump (referred to as a pump) to handle the water shortage. However, in the case of this P1~ pump, the refrigerant is water, which has a low specific heat and a smaller volume than engine cooling water, so it has a relatively quick heating start-up characteristic compared to a hot water heater, but the heating during steady operation. The capacity is only about 1/2 to 2/3 that of a hot water heater. Furthermore, in a typical car air conditioner layout, the heater core of the hot water heater is placed downstream of the heat pump's cooler evaporator, but the following problem occurs when the heat pump is operated.

1) Since the rise in temperature is faster in the heat pump, the heat from the heater core cannot be used.On the contrary, the air heated by the heat exchanger of the heat pump is cooled by the heater core. Therefore, a sufficient immediate heating effect cannot be obtained.

2) Even in cold regions, when the cooling water temperature does not rise sufficiently, heat is absorbed by the heater core, and the heat from the heater core cannot be used, so even if a heat pump is installed, it is not possible to obtain the necessary heating capacity in cold regions. .

The purpose of the present invention is to improve the heating capacity of the heat pump in order to maximize the heating capacity of the hot water heater in a vehicle air conditioning system that combines a heat pump and a hot water heater, and to further improve the start-up of heating. An object of the present invention is to provide an air conditioner for a vehicle that enables the heating capacity of a heat pump to be increased.

The air conditioner for a vehicle of the present invention includes an indoor unit, an outdoor unit, a refrigerant compressor, a four-way valve that switches the supply of refrigerant from the refrigerant compressor to both front exchangers inside and outside the vehicle interior, and a refrigerant. In an air conditioning system for an automobile, which includes a heat pump consisting of a pressure reducing device that adiabatically expands a low-temperature, low-pressure wet refrigerant, and a heating device using a hot water heater that uses engine cooling water, the air blower and the heat pump air-conditioning device described above are used. The 11th road where the in-vehicle heat exchanger is installed, the 1st road
a second air path that is provided in parallel with the air flow path and in which a heat exchanger for the hot water heater is installed;
J Amix 6-damper that is provided between the entrance of the Jil path and adjusts the wind m to the first air path and the second air path, and the lee of the heat exchanger of the 21st] i1 path and the first air path. A transmission duct 1 to which connects the downstream side of the heat exchanger of the damper 4 bypass river channel, a detection mechanism of the heating capacity of the heat exchanger of the drought heater, an opening/closing mechanism of the bypass damper, and a detection mechanism of the bypass damper. The control 1 mechanism has an electronic control device that controls the heat pump type air-conditioning system and the opening/closing!??! side according to input from the system. When the temperature exceeds the set value, the heat pump type air conditioning system is operated for heating, the damper is opened, and the air is passed through the heat exchanger of the drought heater. , the air is blown into the vehicle interior.

With this configuration, the vehicle air conditioner of the present invention allows the temperature of the air blown from the ducts 1 to rise quickly even if the vehicle is in a cold region after the engine starts until the heating capacity of the drought heater increases to the set level. This has the effect of increasing the heating capacity and increasing the heating capacity.

Next, the present invention will be explained with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

1 is an automatic engine, 2 is a drought heater, 3 is a heat pump, 4 is a fluorocarbon at the front of the passenger compartment for air conditioning to the transmission tank installed in the panel, and 5 is a vehicle air conditioner. This is the control TllX1li.

The engine 1 has a cooling water circulation system including a radiator 21 which is an external heat exchanger for cold engine water, a heater lower 22 of a drought heater which is an in-cabin heat exchanger for the cooling water, etc. And during automatic operation, a compressor 31 driven by the engine 1, an outdoor unit 33, etc., an indoor unit 34,
It consists of other parts and parts -1 to pump 3 are installed.

The drought heater 2 has the following configuration and function.

When the engine 1 is started, the cooling water in the tank jackets 1 to 4 is pumped into the tank bomb 11 in the direction of the arrow in the water channel 9. The discharged cooling water flows through the heater valve 23 into the water channel 91), passes through the heater lower 22, flows back in the direction of arrow B, and is circulated.

And when the cold M1 water temperature rises (approximately 85℃), 1 no-t
- Stuff 1 to valve 24 listen, cooling water goes to radiator 2
1 and cooled, boiling Wl! It is cooled so that it does not reach the temperature. The heater lower 22 of the hot water heater is blown with air in the direction of arrow C by a blower J@1340 attached to the intake port 4Δ of the blower duct [~4], and the blown air becomes hot air.

The heat pump 3 is a cold tsFT: compressor 31, outdoor unit 33 installed in front of the radiator 21 in the engine room.
, a pressure reducing device 30 that adiabatically expands the refrigerant into a low-temperature, low-pressure wet refrigerant, and an indoor unit 34 installed in the front panel of the vehicle interior.
, the outlet of the compressor 31, the outdoor unit 33 and the indoor unit 3
A four-way valve (electromagnetic switching valve) 32 is installed between the compressor 31 and the four-way valve to switch whether the discharged refrigerant flows to the outdoor unit 33 or the indoor unit 34. It consists of an akicomulator 311 that is provided between the compressors and prevents the liquid phase refrigerant from being sucked into the compressor.

9- The engine 1 is mounted on an auxiliary drive shaft 13 to which a cooling fan 12 is fastened, and a drive pulley 14 is connected to the engine 1.
, a V-heel t-15, an intermediate 1-reel 16J5J, and a V-belt 17 to drive a driven booby IJ19 which is attached to the drive shaft 18 of the compressor 31 and has an electromagnetic clutch 31Δ installed therein.

The pressure machine 31 sucks refrigerant in the direction of the arrow and pumps it in the direction of the arrow.
When the refrigerant is circulated in the direction of the solid line arrow in step 2, the outdoor unit 33 transfers heat to the air and turns it into a liquid refrigerant, and the indoor unit 34 removes heat from the air and vaporizes it, producing a cooling effect.

Furthermore, when the refrigerant is circulated in the direction of the dashed arrow by the four-way valve 32, it gives heat to the air in the indoor unit 34 and becomes a liquid refrigerant, and in the outdoor unit 33 it takes heat from the air and vaporizes it, producing a heating effect. . The pressure reducing device 30 inserted into the conduit connecting the outdoor unit 33 and the indoor unit 34 is connected to the cavity ridge cove 35.
36 and an inverse 1 valve 38. When the heat pump operates as an air conditioner, the inverse 11 valve 38 is activated and only the capillary tube 36 acts as a pressure reducing device, resulting in a warm Tt3.
In operation 1 as tfi, the capillary tubes 35 and 36 are connected in series because the valve 38 is closed. That is, in the case of heating operation, the capillary tube 35 is added to increase the resistance because the refrigerant flow rate is smaller.

As shown in Fig. 1, the ventilation duct 4 has an intake port 4A opened at the upstream side, a blower J [40], which is a blower ff, is installed, and the downstream side serves as an outlet for a single room, and there is a first air path inside. 41 and a second air passage 42 are provided in parallel. The indoor unit 34 of the heat pump 3 and the heater core 22 of the hot water heater 2 are each the first J! The heater core 22 is installed in parallel with the L path 41 and the second air path 42, and is placed upwind of the indoor unit 34. A blower JII machine 4 is installed upwind of the first air passage 41 and the second air passage 42 that communicate with the suction port of the blower.
An air mix damper 43 is provided for distributing the wind blown from the first air passage into the first air passage and the second air passage.
Heater core 2 on the wall separating the l path 41 and the second path 42
A bypass air passage 48, which is a hole provided in the wall in this embodiment, is formed on the windward side of the indoor unit 34 on the leeward side of No. 2, and a bypass damper 44 is provided. Operated to open and open. The diaphragm 45 is connected to the intake manifold 10 of the engine via a solenoid valve 46, and is operated by an electronic control device to be described later.

Control mechanism 5 for a vehicle air conditioner including the damper 44
has the configuration shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

This control mechanism 5 includes a temperature sensor 51 whose electric resistance value changes depending on the temperature, such as a thermistor that detects the air temperature downstream of the indoor unit 34, and an ITI of the drought heater 2! A temperature sensor 52, which is a bimetallic switch attached to the outlet of the heater core, serves as a detection mechanism for the heating capacity and detects air Wn in the lee of the heater core, an air conditioner switch 53, which is an electromagnetic switch, and P1, which is also a power switch. - Pump switch 54, an electronic control circuit 50 which receives the outputs of these sensors and switches as input, and the electromagnetic clutch 31 controlled by the output of the electronic control circuit 50.
It consists of the A1 four-way valve 32 and the electromagnetic valve 46 for operating the daicephram 45.

As shown in FIG. 2, the electronic control circuit 50 includes a comparator 56, an amplifying element 57 and a relay 58 inserted in its output circuit,
Resistors R1, R2, R3, R4 inserted into the input circuit of the comparator 56 to form a bridge circuit, and a relay 59 connected in parallel with the resistor R1 between the midpoint between the resistors R1 and R2 and the power supply. Become.

When the air conditioner switch 53 is turned on, the sensor 51 detects the air temperature downstream of the indoor unit 34 in this vehicle air conditioner, and the temperature of the air downstream of the indoor unit 34 is determined to be 3°C, for example.
If it is below, the comparator 56 generates a low level output, stops the conduction of the amplification element 57, turns off the relay 58, de-energizes the electromagnetic clutch 31A, stops driving the compressor 31, and If the temperature is high, the output of the comparator 56 is reversed to a high level, the amplification element 57 is made conductive, the relay 58 is turned on, and the electromagnetic clutch 31A is energized, and the compressor 3 is turned on.
The resistance value of each resistor of the bridge circuit and the resistance value of the temperature sensor 13-51 are set so as to drive the temperature sensor 13-1. When the heat pump switch 54 is turned on, the relay 59 is energized and the resistor R1 is short-circuited, so the electromagnetic clutch 31△ is turned off when the humidity is below 55°C and exceeds ONL/60°C.The resistance value of the bridge temperature sensor 51 is is set. The temperature sensor 52, which is a bimetallic switch that detects the temperature of the air blown from the heater core 22, opens at 55°C or higher, and
It is set to close again at ℃ and is connected in series with P1 to pump switch 54. Further, the solenoid valve 46 and the four-way valve 32 are each connected in series with the heat pump switch 54, and the solenoid valve 46, when energized, guides the engine intake negative pressure to the diaphragm 45 and opens the bypass damper 44, so that the solenoid valve 46 opens the bypass damper 44, which is located downstream of the heater core 22 in the second air path. From the indoor unit 3 of the first air passage
The bypass air passage to the windward side of No. 4 is opened.

When the air conditioner switch 53 is turned on, the four-way valve 32 is not energized, so the refrigerant flows in the direction of the solid line in FIG. 1, resulting in a normal cooling cycle. At this time, the air mix damper is automatically or manually (not shown) set to the position shown by the double-dashed line in FIG. Since the bypass damper 44 is not energized, the bypass damper 44 is at the position indicated by the broken line in FIG. 1, the bypass path is blocked, and the heater 22 and the indoor unit 34 are placed in parallel.

When the pump switch 54 is turned on, the air mix damper 43 is set to the position shown by the solid line in the figure by the automatic or manual drive mechanism, and the air flows only through the second air path, and the four-way valve 32 and the electric valve 46 are turned on. Since both are energized, the bypass damper 44 is set to the position shown by the solid line in the figure to open the bypass air path. In addition, the refrigerant flows in the direction of the broken line shown in FIG. Since the air passes through the indoor unit 34 after passing through the indoor unit 34, the rise of the blowout temperature is -1 in the direction shown in C in Figure 3, compared to the case where the heating is applied only to the indoor unit 34 (as shown in Fig. 3). At the same time as the blowout temperature of the core 22 and the heater blowout temperature when there is no pump to the heater 1)
- It can be seen that the effect of the instant heater of the pump air conditioner is remarkable.

Also, when the air temperature of the soil in the heater core 22 reaches 55°C, which is necessary for the drought heater to reach a sufficient heating effect, the bimetallic switch/temperature sensor 52 turns OFF, and the electromagnetic clutch 31A is turned off. The power supply is turned off to avoid stopping the low compressor 31, and the power supply to the solenoid valve 46 is also stopped, the diaphragm 45 is opened, and the bypass tamper 44 closes the bypass air path, so that the heater core 22 is closed again.
The second claw path 42 in which the indoor unit 34 is provided and the first river path 41 in which the indoor unit 34 is provided are separated in parallel. As a result, the operation of Bee 1 to pump 3 is stopped () and heating by only drought heater 2 is continued 4T.

In addition to the above cooling operation and heating operation, automatic or manual J
: By appropriately selecting the opening degree of the linear mix damper 43, the ratio of cold air to hot air can be adjusted and the blowing temperature can be controlled.

In the above embodiment 43, the heating capacity of the drought heater is detected horizontally, and the hot stone sensor 52 (embodiment C is a bimetallic switch) is provided on the leeward side of the heater core 22. It may be provided in the flow path of engine cooling water flowing through the engine.

As described above, the vehicle air conditioner of the present invention is a vehicle air conditioner equipped with a heater pump and a hot water heater, in which a feeder and an indoor heat exchanger in the heat pump air conditioner are installed. a first air passage that is connected to the first air passage, a second air passage that is provided in parallel with the first air passage and in which a heat exchanger for the hot water heater is installed, and an entrance between the blower and the first air passage and the second air passage. ]
an air mix damper provided between the
A damper bypass air passage is installed that connects the leeward side of the heat exchanger on route 11 and the upwind side of the heat exchanger on route 11!1, so the heating capacity of the heat exchanger of the hot water heater is reduced during heating operation. is below the set value, the heat pump type air conditioning system is avoided from heating operation, the damper is opened, and after the air passes through the heat exchanger of the hot water heater, the heat pump type cooling system is switched to the conductor side exchanger of the heating system. It is now possible to allow the cooling water to pass through and blow it out into the 111 room, and the temperature of the cooling water of the drought heater can be used to increase the heating power of the B1~ pump, which further improves the rise of the cold start 11N heating in cold regions. At the same time, the heating effect can be enhanced until the heating capacity of the hot water heater is sufficiently increased.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a vehicle air conditioner according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of an electronic control device, and FIG. 3 is a graph for explaining the operation. In the diagram 1... T engine 2... Drought heater 3...
Do-1 ~ Pump 5... Electronic Wil control circuit 22.
・Heater core of hot water heater 34 ・Interior heat exchanger 40 ・Blower f@ machine 41 ・First air path 42 ・
・・2nd river route 43・air mix damper 44・
...Bypass damper 48...Bypass air path 18- Shigeju and Tororo Rerohei (0" ζ6

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1) A middle indoor heat exchanger, a vehicle exterior heat exchanger, a refrigerant compressor, and switching the supply of refrigerant discharged from the refrigerant compressor to the internal heat exchanger inside and outside the vehicle interior. A vehicle equipped with a heat pump type air-conditioning system consisting of a four-way valve and a pressure reducing device that adiabatically expands refrigerant into a low-temperature, low-pressure wet refrigerant, and a heating system using a hot water heater using engine cooling water. In the air conditioner, the air blower, a first air path in which an in-vehicle heat exchanger of the heat pump air conditioning system is installed, and a first air path that is provided in parallel with the first ffl path and in which a heat exchanger of the drought heater is installed. 2ffl path, an air mix stamper that is provided between the blower f@ machine and the entrances of the first air path and the second air path and adjusts the air volume to the first air path and the second IIl path, and the second air path. 16. An air conditioner for a vehicle, comprising: a blower duct 1 having a bypass air passage with a damper that connects the windward side of the heat exchanger in the first air passage and the windward side of the heat exchanger in the first air passage. 2) Switch the supply of the refrigerant discharged from the vehicle interior heat exchanger, the interior and exterior heat exchanger, the refrigerant compressor to the internal heat exchanger inside and outside the vehicle interior to the internal heat exchanger inside and outside the vehicle interior. , and a heat pump air conditioning system consisting of a pressure reducing device that adiabatically expands refrigerant into a low-temperature, low-pressure wet refrigerant, and a heating system that uses a hot water heater that uses engine cooling water. In the air conditioner A3, there is a blower, a first river channel in which the heat exchanger for the interior of the vehicle interior of the heat pump air conditioning system S1i is installed, and a heat exchanger for the drought heater is installed in parallel with the first air channel. A second river channel provided between the 11 air blowers and the first air channel J3 and the entrance of the second F@ route to the first air channel and the second air channel
an air mix damper that adjusts the temperature, and the second J
a ventilation duct having a damper-equipped bypass passage connecting the leeward side of the heat exchanger in the Mt path and the upwind side of the heat exchanger in the 11th path; a detection mechanism for the heating capacity of the heat exchanger of the drought heater; and the bypass. It consists of a damper opening/closing mechanism, and a control mechanism having an electronic control device that controls the heat pump air-conditioning device and the opening/closing mechanism based on input from the detection mechanism, and controls heating of the heat exchanger of the hot water heater during heating operation. When the capacity is below the set value, the heat pump type air conditioning system is operated for heating, the damper is closed, and the air is passed through the heat exchanger of the hot water heater, and then the heat exchanger on the passenger compartment side of the heat pump type air conditioning system is operated. An air conditioner for a vehicle characterized by allowing air to pass through and blowing air into a vehicle interior.