JPH04300237A - Mold for forming pottery, forming of pottery and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To effectively utilize the forming space in horizontal direction, prevent the deformation of the formed article in demolding, shorten the molding cycle and simplify the molding apparatus by adopting a structure to enable the forming and demolding by the relative movement of an upper mold, a lower mold and a side mold in one direction. CONSTITUTION:A plurality of vertical posts 21 are erected on a floor 20 in two front and rear rows. Lower molds 10 are fixed and supported on plural fixing tables 23. A holding member 24 for a side mold 14 and a holding member 25 for an upper mold 11 are placed above the lower mold in a state freely movable in the vertical direction. The upper mold 11 is suspended by a suspension tool 26 and mold-clamping tools 27 are placed at both sides of the mold. The side mold-holding member 24 contains a side-mold rotating mechanism 40 to rotate the mold by 180 deg.. When the upper mold-holding member 25 is lowered, the side mold-holding member 24 suspended from a side mold-suspending rod 33 is also lowered until the lower face of the side mold 14 is brought into contact with the upper face of the lower mold 10. Thereafter, the upper mold-holding member 25 is lowered to contact the upper mold 11 to the upper surface of the lower mold 10. The molds are clamped with the mold- clamping means 27 and a slurry in a slurry tank 75 is poured into the cast-forming cavity of the integrated forming mold.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mold for molding ceramics, a method and an apparatus for molding ceramics, which can inexpensively mass-produce ceramics having complex shapes, particularly sanitary ceramics, etc.

0002

[Prior Art] Conventionally, as a form of apparatus for manufacturing the above-mentioned sanitary ware, the present applicant previously filed a patent application in 1983-122.
There is one disclosed in No. 215 (Special Publication No. 1-22124).

[0003] As shown in FIG. 21, this ceramic manufacturing apparatus essentially forms ceramics by pouring slurry into a plaster mold mainly consisting of a middle mold 50, a bottom mold 51, and left and right horizontal molds 52a and 52b. A beam 53 that removably supports the bottom mold 51 in suspension, and a framework 54 that supports the middle mold 50 and the left and right horizontal body molds 52a and 52b facing the bottom mold 51 are suspended via the beam 53 and are raised and lowered. and a device 5 that rotatably supports the framework 54.
6, a device 57 for rotating the framework 54, and a framework 5
A lifting device 55 that suspends the framework 54 from the beam 53 allows the beam 53 to move relative to the framework 54 when the framework 54 is received on the fixed cradle 58. It is configured as follows.
The left and right horizontal body types 52a, 52b have respective horizontal body mounting frames 59,
A common inner slide rod 61 connected to a plurality of right horizontal body mounting frames 59 and a common outer slide rod 62 connected to a plurality of left horizontal body mounting frames 60 are fixed to the frame 5.
4, and each slide rod 61, 62 is operated by an air cylinder 63, 64 to simultaneously assemble and open a large number of horizontal molds 52a, 52b over a certain distance. It is said that

[0004] Furthermore, with this configuration, sanitary ceramics such as toilet bowls can be mass-produced.

[0005]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the above-mentioned ceramic manufacturing apparatus had the following problems to be solved.

That is, as shown in FIG. 21, since the ceramic manufacturing apparatus uses left and right horizontal body molds 52a and 52b,
A space for moving the left and right horizontal body molds 52a, 52b left and right, and a horizontal body moving mechanism 59, 60, 61, 62, 6 for moving the left and right horizontal body molds 52a, 52b left and right.
3 and 64 must be installed on both sides of the left and right horizontal body molds 52a and 52b.

[0007] Therefore, when manufacturing one piece of ceramics, a wide molding space is required in the horizontal direction, and when molding many ceramics at the same time, the equipment becomes long, resulting in poor area efficiency, and the manufacturing equipment is also complicated and large-scale. there were.

[0008] In addition, in recent years, there has been a demand for Western-style toilets to be larger, more highly functional, and more diverse in design, and molds for molding have also become larger.
The shape is also complex. The side molds that form the side shapes of Western-style toilets also have complex shapes and large dimensions, resulting in a large contact area between the left and right horizontal body molds and the molded body. Therefore, when using the left and right horizontal body type method in which the side molds are divided into left and right sides, as in the above-mentioned ceramic manufacturing equipment, a powerful press is required to prevent slurry from leaking from the mating surfaces of the left and right horizontal body molds during molding. Therefore, the equipment for this becomes larger and more complicated. In addition, when demolding the horizontal body mold moves left and right and demolds, the mold is not demolded evenly on the left and right, and the molded product is pulled by one of the molds and is demolded, so it deforms into a molded product. occurred, resulting in poor yield.

The purpose of the present invention is to simplify the manufacturing equipment without requiring a wide molding space in the horizontal direction, to easily respond to larger molded products, higher functionality, and diversification of designs, and to be able to easily remove the mold. A mold for molding ceramics that can prevent molded objects from deforming when
The purpose is to provide a method and device for molding ceramics.

0010

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention provides an upper mold for forming the upper surface of a ceramic to be molded, a lower mold for forming the lower surface of the ceramic, and a split mold removably attached to the inside of the mold. This invention relates to a mold for molding ceramics, which consists of a side mold that forms a side surface.

The present invention also provides a method for molding ceramics using the above-mentioned molding mold, comprising: (a) assembling an upper mold, a lower mold, and a side mold containing a split mold to form a casting molding space. b) Pour slurry into the same casting molding space and apply it to the inner surface of each mold to form green ceramics; c) Move the upper mold, lower mold, and side mold relatively in one direction, This relates to a ceramic molding method comprising the above steps of demolding the split mold together with green ceramics, and d) finally demolding the split mold from the green ceramics.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a molding apparatus for molding ceramics using the above-mentioned mold, comprising: (a) a lower mold holder for holding a lower mold; a side mold holder that holds freely arranged side molds; c) a side mold lifting mechanism that raises and lowers the same side mold holder and allows the side mold to come into contact with and separate from the lower mold; d) An upper mold holder that holds the upper mold is arranged above the same side mold holder so that it can be raised and lowered, and (e) the upper mold holder can be raised and lowered to bring the upper mold into contact with and separate from the side mold. an upper mold elevating mechanism; f) mold clamping means for integrally clamping the upper mold, side mold, and lower mold; and g) slurry supply for supplying slurry into the casting space formed in the mold. The present invention relates to a ceramic molding device comprising means.

Furthermore, in the ceramic molding apparatus described above, the side mold elevating mechanism and the upper mold elevating mechanism may be formed from a single elevating mechanism.

[0014] Furthermore, the above-mentioned ceramic molding apparatus may be configured to include a side mold turning mechanism for rotating the side mold holder.

[0015]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A ceramic mold, a ceramic molding method, and an apparatus according to the present invention will be explained in detail below based on examples shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0016] In the following examples, a case is shown in which the ceramic is a tank-integrated toilet bowl, but the present invention is not limited to this in any way, and the ceramic according to the present invention can also be used in the production of other ceramic products. Needless to say, the molds, methods and equipment for molding ceramics can be applied.

(Regarding molds for molding ceramics) Figures 1 to 4
A specific example of the mold A for molding ceramics according to the present invention is shown below.

The mold A is preferably made of gypsum, and as is most obvious from FIGS. 3 and 4, it has the same bottom shape as the ceramic body B-1 of the green toilet bowl B (see FIG. 5), which will be described later. A lower mold 10 having a molding surface, an upper mold 11 having a molding surface equal to the upper shape of the ceramic body B-1,
It consists of a side mold 14 containing divided molds 12 and 13 having molding surfaces equal to the constricted side shape of the ceramic body B-1.

Then, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the lower mold 1
A side mold 14 containing split molds 12 and 13 is placed on top of the mold A, and an upper mold 11 is placed on the same side mold 14, and the mold is clamped using a mold clamping device, etc., which will be described later. In addition, a space C for molding the ceramic body B-1 can be formed inside the mold A.

[0020] After pouring the slurry into the space C for molding the ceramic body and depositing it on the inner surface of the mold A, the upper mold 11 and the side mold 14 are The green toilet bowl B as shown in FIG. 5 is molded by moving the molds in the vertical direction to remove the mold from the lower mold 10, and detaching the split molds 12 and 13 from the ceramic body B-1 after demolding. be able to.

[0021] As described above, by using the mold A for molding ceramics according to the present invention, molding and demolding can be performed only by moving the upper mold and the side mold in the vertical direction, so a wide molding space in the horizontal direction is required. A green toilet bowl B having a complicated shape as shown in FIG. 5 can be formed without any trouble. Therefore, by applying the present invention to a ceramic molding apparatus to be described later, it is possible to reliably mass-produce ceramic products.

Furthermore, in the mold A for molding ceramics according to the present invention, the side molds 12 and 13 are incorporated into the side mold 14 to form a constriction on the side of the ceramic body B-1 of the green toilet B as shown in FIG. The ceramic body B-
1 and the split molds 12, 13 from the side mold 14 in the vertical direction, and then remove the split molds 12, 13.
The contact area between the sides of the ceramic body B-1 and the side mold 14 can be reduced, and since the ceramic body B-1 is demolded by its own weight, no excessive force is applied to the ceramic body B-1 during demolding. deformation can be prevented and the yield of products can be increased.

Further, the shape of the side mold 14 is constant and the divided mold 12
, 13 can easily accommodate changes in design.

In FIGS. 2 to 4, reference numeral 15 is an accessory that is joined to the green toilet bowl B after the above-described molding operation is completed.

Although the molding die of this embodiment uses a split mold, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be one without a split mold.

(Ceramic molding method) Next, FIGS. 6 to 14
A method of molding ceramics according to the present invention using the mold A described above will be described with reference to FIG.

First, as shown in FIG. 6, the lower mold 10, the upper mold 11, the side mold 14, and the split molds 12, 13 are combined, and the mold is clamped using a mold clamping means, etc., which will be described later. A mold A for forming a ceramic body molding space C is assembled.

As shown in FIG. 7, the slurry supply means (for example, the slurry supply means S shown in FIG. 15) is operated to pour the slurry into the ceramic body molding space C, thereby depositing the slurry on the inner surface of the mold A. The meat is molded into a green ceramic body B-1,
After the molding is completed, the operation of the slurry supply means is stopped.

As shown in FIG. 8, the mold clamping means is loosened and removed, and the upper mold 11 is removed upward from the mold A.

As shown in FIG. 9, the side mold 14 containing the divided molds 12 and 13 is moved upward to remove the lower mold 10 from the green ceramic body B-1.

As shown in FIG. 10, after applying adhesive slurry to the joint between the exposed upper surface of the green ceramic body B-1 and the lower surface of the tank part B-2, which was separately formed by a known method, the tank Part B-2 is joined and integrated to form a green toilet bowl B as a unit.

As shown in FIG. 11, a plurality of stopper members 1 are rotatably provided at four locations on both ends of the receiving lever 16.
6', 16', 16', 16' are in an upright state, and the stopper members 16', 16', 16', 16' are in contact with the upper surface of the side mold 14, and the green toilet B is
The receiver 16 is placed on the upper surface, the side mold 14 and the receiver 16 are connected in a tight state with a manual press 17, and then the side mold 14 is
Rotate 180°.

[0033] At this point, the cart 18 is moved directly below the side mold 14.

[0034] Also, the stopper members 16', 16'
, 16', 16', when the receiver 16 is placed on the top surface of the green toilet bowl B and tightened with the manual press 17, an unreasonable force is applied to the green toilet bowl B, causing the green toilet bowl B to deform. This is to prevent

As shown in FIG. 12, the green toilet bowl B is placed on the trolley 18 with the side molds 14, the split molds 12, 13, and the receiver 16 attached.

After removing the manual press 17, the side mold 14 is moved upward and removed from the green toilet bowl B, as shown in FIG. At this time, the divided molds 12 and 13 remain attached to the circumferential surface of the green toilet bowl B.

Finally, as shown in FIG. 14, the split molds 12 and 13 are removed from the circumferential surface of the green toilet B, and the green toilet B is moved to a curing chamber and cured and hardened. on the other hand,
The removed split molds 12 and 13 are reinstalled inside the side mold 14.

As described above, by using the ceramic molding method according to the present invention, a green toilet B having a complicated shape as shown in FIG. 5 can be molded without requiring a large horizontal molding space. can do. Therefore, by applying the present invention to a ceramic molding apparatus to be described later, it is possible to reliably mass-produce ceramic products.

Furthermore, by using the ceramic molding method of the present invention, the green toilet B can be molded quickly and easily, and the yield of the product can be improved.

[0040] This example describes a method for molding a tank-integrated toilet bowl in which the ceramic main body and the tank part are bonded and molded; however, the method for molding ceramics according to the present invention is not limited to this, and can be formed by bonding the ceramic body and the tank part. It can also be applied to molded products that do not require rotation for demolding.

(Ceramics Manufacturing Apparatus) Next, a ceramics molding apparatus D that can be suitably used in the above-described molding method will be described with reference to FIGS. 15 and 16.

First, FIG. 15 shows the overall configuration of a ceramic molding apparatus D. As shown in the figure, on the floor surface 20, a plurality of vertical columns 21 are erected in two rows in the front and back at intervals in the horizontal direction, and each vertical column 21 has its lower end fixedly connected to the floor surface 20. At the same time, the upper end is fixedly connected to a ceiling support beam H extending along the ceiling surface 22.

A plurality of (four in this embodiment) fixed pedestals 23 are placed on the floor 20 between the vertical columns 21, 21, and a lower mold 10 is mounted on each fixed pedestal 23. is fixedly supported.

Further, above the fixed pedestal 23, a side mold holder (beam) 24 and an upper mold holder (beam) 25 are disposed in order from the bottom so as to be movable up and down.
, the same number of side molds 14 as the lower molds 10 are held. In addition, each side mold 14 has a split mold 12 on its inner surface.
, 13 are installed. On the other hand, the upper mold holder 25 suspends the same number of upper molds 11 as the lower molds 10 by means of hanging supports 26, and mold clamping tools 27 are attached to both sides thereof.

The mold clamping tool 27 may be arranged on the fixed pedestal 23.

Further, a lifting mechanism 28 is attached to the vertical support 21, and the lifting mechanism 28, as explained below, moves the side mold holder 24 and the upper mold holder 25 integrally or Can be raised and lowered independently.

That is, as shown in FIG. 16, a chain block 39 is attached to a ceiling support beam H that fixedly connects the upper ends of the vertical columns 21, 21 arranged in the front-rear direction.

One end of the suspension chain 31 led out from the chain block 39 is connected to the upper surface of the upper die holder 25. With this configuration, the upper mold holder 25 can be raised and lowered by driving the chain block 39. In addition, 32
is an elevation guide roller that rolls along the vertical support 21 to guide the elevation of the upper die holder 25.

Furthermore, four side mold suspension rods 33 on the front, rear, left and right sides of the upper mold holder 25 penetrate in the vertical direction, and a stopper nut 34 provided at the upper end of the side mold suspension rods 33 It engages with the upper surface of the holder 25, while the side suspension support rod 33
The lower end is connected to a bearing block 35 and a reducer block 43 which will be described in detail later, and between the bearing block 35 and the reducer block 43 there is a rotating shaft 36 interposed between the side mold holder 24 and the reducer block 43. are rotatably connected by at least 180°.

Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 15, 16 and 17, the ceramic molding apparatus D according to the present invention incorporates a side mold rotation mechanism 40 that rotates the side mold holder 24 by 180 degrees. This is used for turning the green toilet bowl B through 180 degrees shown in FIG. 11 in the above-described ceramic molding method.

In this embodiment, such a side type rotation mechanism has a sprocket wheel 43 attached to the input shaft 42 of a reducer block 41 attached to the lower end of the side frame hanging support rod 33, and the sprocket wheel 43 is connected to the reducer block. A sprocket wheel 45 attached to the output shaft of a rotary motor 44 attached to the lower surface of the rotary motor 41 is connected by an endless chain 46, and output shafts 47, 48 provided at both ends of the reducer block 43 are connected to the rotating shafts 36, 36 and the flange 49a. , 49b to the side mold holders 24, 24.

With this configuration, the chain block 3 is held while the side mold holder 24 is held in the horizontal state shown in FIG.
9 to lower the upper mold holder 25, the side mold holder 24, which is suspended from the upper mold holder 25 via the side mold suspension rods 33, also lowers together with the upper mold holder 25, and the side mold holder 25 is lowered. The lower surfaces of the side mold 14 and the split molds 12 and 13 held by the body 24 can be brought into contact with the upper surface of the bottom mold 10 on the fixed pedestal 23.

Furthermore, when the chain block 39 is driven to lower the upper mold holder 25, only the upper mold holder 25 is lowered along the side mold suspension rods 33, and the upper mold holder 25 is lowered.
The upper die 11 held by the side die 14 can come into contact with the upper surface of the side die 14.

After that, the upper mold holder 2 is clamped by the mold clamping tool 27.
5, the side mold holder 24, and the fixed pedestal 23, the mold A can be assembled as shown in FIGS. 19 and 20, and the mold A can be assembled as well. A ceramic body molding space C can be formed inside.

As shown in FIG. 15, slurry is supplied into the ceramic body molding space C of each of the above-mentioned molds A by a slurry supplying means S.

In this embodiment, the slurry supply means S has the following configuration. That is, a slurry pipe 70 extending over substantially the entire length of the molding device D is arranged below the plurality of fixed pedestals 23, and a branch pipe 72 branched from the slurry pipe 70 via a manual valve 71 is connected to each fixed pedestal 23. It passes through an opening (not shown) and communicates with a slurry supply hole (not shown) opened in the lower mold 10 . One end of the slurry pipe 70 communicates with the outlet side of the pump P via a slurry supply valve 73, and the inlet side of the pump P communicates with a slurry tank 75 via a slurry source valve 74. .

In FIG. 15, Q is a control device for the ceramic molding device D.

When such a ceramic molding apparatus D is used, as shown in FIG. 15, a large number of molds A can be installed close to each other, so a wide molding space in the horizontal direction is not required. Even a ceramic product such as the green toilet bowl B, which has a complicated shape as shown in FIG. 5, can be mass-produced using a simple mechanism.

[0059]

Effects of the Invention In the present invention, a mold for molding ceramics is provided with an upper mold that forms the upper part of the molded product, a lower mold that forms the lower part, and a mold that is placed between the upper mold and the lower mold and that is placed on the side of the molded product. The upper mold, the lower mold, and the side mold are configured so that they can be molded and removed by relatively moving in one direction, so that molding can be performed by removing the mold substantially in the vertical direction. Since the product can be taken out, the molding space can be minimized, the molds can be placed close together, and by using the molding method and device of the present invention, the deformation of the molded product during demolding can be minimized. This can be prevented and products with high yields can be obtained.

Furthermore, by incorporating a split mold into the side mold, deformation of the molded product during demolding can be prevented, and changes in design can be easily accommodated.

[0061] In the molding method and apparatus of the present invention, the mold is assembled and demolded in relatively one direction using the mold, so that
Products with high yields can be obtained, and since side molds are not pressed, there is no need for time to press and release, and the molding cycle can be shortened.

[0062] Furthermore, since there is no side die press and the mechanism is only moving in the vertical direction, the apparatus becomes simple.

[0063] Furthermore, since the side mold elevating mechanism is constituted by a single elevating mechanism, the device is simple and the manufacturing cost of the device is low.

[0064] Furthermore, since the side mold turning mechanism for rotating the side mold holder is provided, the molded product can be demolded in an optimal direction so as not to be deformed during demolding.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a ceramic mold according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a green toilet bowl.

FIG. 6 is a process explanatory diagram of a ceramic molding method.

FIG. 7 is a process explanatory diagram of a ceramic molding method.

FIG. 8 is a process explanatory diagram of a ceramic molding method.

FIG. 9 is a process explanatory diagram of a ceramic molding method.

FIG. 10 is a process explanatory diagram of a ceramic molding method.

FIG. 11 is a process explanatory diagram of a ceramic molding method.

FIG. 12 is a process explanatory diagram of a ceramic molding method.

FIG. 13 is a process explanatory diagram of a ceramic molding method.

FIG. 14 is a process explanatory diagram of a ceramic molding method.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of the overall configuration of a ceramic molding apparatus.

FIG. 16 is a view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 15;

17 is an enlarged front view of section X in FIG. 15. FIG.

18 is a view taken along line V-V in FIG. 17; FIG.

FIG. 19 is a side view of the ceramic molding device in the ceramic molding position.

20 is a view taken along line VI-VI in FIG. 19; FIG.

FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of a conventional ceramic manufacturing apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

A Molding mold B. Green toilet bowl C　Ceramic body molding space D Molding equipment 10 Lower mold 11 Upper mold 12 Split type 13 Split type 14 Side type

Claims (7)

[Claims] Claim 1: A ceramic molded product, comprising an upper mold forming an upper part, a lower mold forming a lower part, and a side mold disposed between the upper mold and the lower mold and forming a side part of the molded product; Upper mold, lower mold,
A mold for molding ceramics whose side molds can be molded and removed by relative movement in one direction. 2. The mold for molding ceramics according to claim 1, wherein said side mold has a split mold removably built therein. [Claim 3] A method for molding ceramics using the mold according to claim 1, comprising: (a) assembling an upper mold, a lower mold, and a side mold to form a casting molding space; Pour slurry into the casting molding space and apply it to the inner surface of each mold to form green ceramics; c) Remove the green ceramics by moving the upper mold, lower mold, and side mold relatively in one direction. A ceramic molding method consisting of the above steps. 4. A method for molding ceramics using the mold according to claim 2, comprising: (a) assembling a side mold containing an upper mold, a lower mold, and a split mold;
Forming a casting molding space, b) Pour slurry into the casting molding space and depositing it on the inner surface of each mold to form green ceramics, and c) Moving the upper mold, lower mold, and side mold in one direction relative to each other. A method for molding ceramics comprising the following steps: (1) removing the split mold together with the green ceramic; and (d) finally removing the split mold from the green ceramic. 5. A molding device for molding ceramics using the mold according to claim 1, comprising: (a) a lower mold holder that holds a lower mold; and (b) a lower mold holder that moves up and down above the lower mold holder. a side mold holder that holds freely arranged side molds; c) a side mold lifting mechanism that raises and lowers the same side mold holder and allows the side mold to come into contact with and separate from the lower mold; d) An upper mold holder that holds an upper mold that is arranged above the same side mold holder so that it can be raised and lowered; e) The upper mold holder can be raised and lowered to bring the upper mold into contact with and separate from the side mold. an upper mold elevating mechanism; f) mold clamping means for integrally clamping the upper mold, side mold, and lower mold; g) slurry supply for supplying slurry into the casting space formed in the mold. A ceramic molding device comprising means and. 6. The ceramic molding apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the side mold elevating mechanism and the upper mold elevating mechanism are constituted by a single elevating mechanism. 7. The ceramic molding apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising a side mold turning mechanism for rotating the side mold holder.