JPH04289206A - Composition for construction - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain hemp fiber of the subject composition such as a ground material for the roof, interior or exterior finish or floor ground material by reacting an enzyme capable of hydrolyzing impure polysaccharide components with hemp raw stems or the raw stems from which woody parts or epidermal parts are removed by mechanical treatment and then cutting the resultant cellulosic fiber assembly. CONSTITUTION:An enzyme capable of hydrolyzing impure polysaccharide components is reacted with hemp raw stems or the raw stems from which woody parts or epidermal parts are removed by mechanical treatment. Thereby, conversion of hemp fiber into single fiber is suppressed to afford a cellulosic fiber assembly with hardly any content of the impure polysaccharide components. The resultant fiber assembly is then cut to about 3-15mm length and the cut assembly in an amount of about 1-4wt.% is mixed in a cement, etc., to afford the objective composition for construction.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001] The present invention relates to a construction composition containing short hemp fibers that is mixed into inorganic materials such as roof base materials for construction, interior and exterior wall base materials, and floor base materials.

0002

[Prior Art] Polymer fibers such as asbestos, polypropylene, and nylon, carbon fibers, and glass fibers have been used for the purpose of improving strength characteristics, maintaining molding, preventing cracks, etc.
It is used mixed with inorganic materials for construction. Among these fibers, asbestos is the most commonly used, but it has been pointed out that it is harmful to the human body, and its use is currently being restricted worldwide. Therefore, organic fibers such as polypropylene, nylon, vinylon, or glass fibers are often used. However, these fibers have drawbacks such as being sensitive to heat, having poor dispersibility, weak adhesion to inorganic substances, and poor alkali resistance.

[0003]Also, cotton and wood pulp are resistant to heat and have excellent alkali resistance, but since they are single fibers, the tangles between the fibers are large, which causes flocculation in water, resulting in poor dispersion, and they do not dissolve into inorganic substances. Forms lumps when kneaded,
It had the disadvantage of compromising quality. On the other hand, even if the woody part and epidermis of hemp fiber are merely removed by mechanical treatment, many impure polysaccharide components (eg, lignin) remain, which inhibits the hydration hardening of inorganic substances. In addition, in hemp fibers refined by chemical treatment, the reaction progresses excessively and the fibers split into single fibers, making it easier for the single fibers to become entangled with each other, resulting in the formation of fiber clumps when kneaded with inorganic materials. Cannot be uniformly dispersed.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention solves the problems of the prior art, that is, fibers can be uniformly mixed with inorganic materials.
Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to provide a construction composition containing short hemp fibers that can impart anti-cracking properties, strength-enhancing properties, moisture control properties, etc. to inorganic materials and significantly improve their performance.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present inventors have succeeded in suppressing the formation of single fibers in hemp fibers by performing an enzymatic treatment in which the reaction proceeds under mild conditions instead of the chemical treatment described above. It was discovered that cellulose fiber aggregates containing less impure polysaccharide components can be extracted, and the present invention was completed.

That is, the present invention provides short hemp fibers obtained by mechanically treating the hemp stem itself or the hemp stem to remove the woody part and the epidermis, treating it with an enzyme that decomposes impure polysaccharide components, and then cutting it. A construction composition characterized by: In the present invention, the hemp fibers used may be raw stems of ramie, linen, hemp, jute, etc., or those obtained by mechanically treating the above-mentioned raw stems. "Mechanical processing" here refers to a machine (peeling machine) consisting of a rotating crushing drum with several steel blades and a passive insertion table that can maintain an extremely narrow gap parallel to the cutting edge of this drum. This process involves inserting fresh hemp stems into this gap and crushing and beating them with a drum steel blade to remove unnecessary woody parts and epidermal parts. As the impure polysaccharide component degrading enzyme used in the present invention, Asperg
Commercially available pectinase and hemicellulase enzymes, such as enzymes produced by the genus Illus and enzymes produced by the genus Bacillus, can be used alone or in combination of two or more. In the present invention, since it is necessary to suppress cellulose deterioration as much as possible, an enzyme with weak cellulase activity is required. Reaction conditions such as the amount of enzyme added, reaction time, and pH during reaction are appropriately selected in consideration of the type of commercially available enzyme and the purpose of the present invention, which is to suppress cellulose decomposition.

[0007] The hemp fibers obtained by enzyme treatment and drying are then cut into arbitrary lengths using a cutter. In this case, when cutting to a fixed length using a guillotine type cutter, it is preferable that the fibers are aligned and parallelized using a hackling device as a pre-process. On the other hand, when cutting with a rotary cutter, no pre-process is required. However, since the fiber length of fibers cut by a rotary cutter shows a normal distribution, it is preferable to classify the fibers by using a screen depending on the purpose of use. In this study, any of the above methods can be adopted, but the latter is preferable when considering economic efficiency.

[0008] The shape of hemp fibers varies depending on the purpose of use, but the average fiber length is 0.5 to 30 m/m, and the average diameter is 0.
．． It is best to adjust it to 1 to 3 m/m. More preferably, the average fiber length is 3 to 15 m/m and the average diameter is 0.
It is 2 to 1 m/m. The amount of hemp fiber blended into the inorganic material is 0.5 to 10% by weight of cement. Finish quality,
In consideration of compressive strength, the cement weight ratio is more preferably 1 to 4%.

[0009] Since the hemp fiber obtained by the above method has most of the impure polysaccharide components (especially lignin) removed,
Even when mixed with an inorganic material, it does not hinder the hydration reaction of cement, etc., and after hardening, the fiber surface and the inorganic material adhere well. The hemp fibers can be uniformly dispersed even when dry blended with the inorganic material in advance, and can be uniformly dispersed even when the hemp fibers are directly added during kneading of the inorganic material with a mixer.

The construction composition of the present invention can be used as a roof base material, an interior/exterior base material, a floor base material, etc. for construction.

[0011]

[Examples] The present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples below. Example 1 (1) Preparation of short hemp fibers To 10 kg of mechanically treated ramie raw material, 300 ml of impure polysaccharide component degrading enzyme (manufactured by Fluxzyme Novo Co., Ltd.)
Add 100 liters of an enzyme aqueous solution obtained by adding 100 liters of enzyme aqueous solution to water and adjusting the pH to 4.7 and the temperature to 40°C in advance, and heat at 40°C.
A 24-hour immersion treatment was performed.

After the enzyme treatment, decomposed products were removed by washing several times and dried to obtain 8 kg of ramie fibers. The obtained ramie fibers were aligned by hackling treatment, and then cut using a guillotine cutter (manufactured by Onochi Seisakusho D-TYPE AUT).
OMATIC CUTTER), the fiber length is 3m/
Cut to m. The composition of the obtained ramie fibers is shown in Table 1.

[0013] Perlite 25 to 100 cement (weight ratio)
After dry blending and kneading the above-prepared short hemp fibers and water reducing agent 0.2, the flow value after kneading (AS
Water was added so that TMC-124-39) was around 185 m/m 2 to produce a construction composition.

Examples 2 to 6 Construction compositions were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the blending ratio of short hemp fibers was changed to 1, 2, 4, 5, and 10 (Examples 2 to 6). Manufactured. Example 7 A construction composition was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that perlite was removed and the blending ratio of short hemp fibers was changed to 4.

Comparative Example 1 A construction composition was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the short hemp fibers were removed. Comparative Example 2 A construction composition was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that polypropylene (4 wt %) was blended instead of hemp staple fibers.

Comparative Example 3 A construction composition was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that wood pulp (4 wt %) was added instead of hemp short fibers. Comparative Example 4 A construction composition was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that perlite and short hemp fibers were removed.

The performance and evaluation of the construction compositions obtained in each of the above examples are shown in Table 2 below.

[0018]

[Table 1]

[0019]

[Table 2]

The construction compositions obtained in Examples to 7 have excellent uniform dispersibility of short hemp fibers in inorganic materials, and have excellent moisture control properties, water absorption, drying speed, strength enhancement properties, bending strength, compressive strength, Nailing properties were superior to the construction compositions obtained in Comparative Examples 1 to 4.

[0021]

[Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, fiber dispersibility, strength enhancement properties, moisture control properties, crack prevention properties, nailing properties (nail retention properties) are improved, and workability (plastering finish) is improved compared to conventional products. sex)
A construction composition containing short hemp fibers with good properties is provided.

Claims (1)

[Claims] [Claim 1] It is characterized by containing short hemp fibers obtained by mechanically treating the hemp stem itself or the hemp stem to remove the woody part and epidermis, allowing the action of an enzyme that decomposes impure polysaccharide components, and then cutting the hemp stem. construction compositions.